Marketing Commons^™

A Tale Of Two Worlds: A Second Life For Higher Education?, Daniel Demaiolo, Donna Walsh

AMTP Proceedings 2010

This exploratory research investigates the virtual world industry, explanations for its growth and emerging trends for entrepreneurial ventures and marketing communications. It then explores the effectiveness of operating and promoting higher education in Second Life. Results illustrate consumers 17-24 years old still rely on traditional media for information related to higher education. Developing a business model and marketing mix in Second Life, that often features uncensored content, may not be an appropriate method of connecting with the target demographic. Benefits of utilizing virtual worlds are considered; further research is recommended; suggestions are offered to increase Second Life’s viability in higher …

The Psychodynamic Limits Of Fractured Relationships: When Emotional Tensile Strength Is Broken, Mary F. Mobley, Micheal C. Mobley

AMTP Proceedings 2010

The Special Session will address factors that lead to the disintegration of once strong partnerships and alliances and outline the psychodynamic limits that lead to fractured relationships. Behavioral constructs employed in a psychiatric medicine setting will be discussed relative to their heuristic value in strategic relationship management setting. Further, the concept of emotional tensile strength will be explored.

The Lighter Side Of Darkness: B-School Management And Succession, Lydia A. Mckinley-Floyd, Melvin T. Stith

AMTP Proceedings 2010

Few faculty members give much thought to joining the "Dark Side" of the academy--administration, preferring instead to be left alone to pursue their scholarly research, classroom instruction and professional affiliations. Yet at no time in our history has b-school leadership been more important. Facing multiple threats from global economic meltdown, for-profit online programs and global educational competition, traditional b-schools need to attract and maintain dynamic leaders who must identify innovative ways to reinvent, reposition, and reignite their faculty and programs for success in the 21st century while maintaining their heritage and values that alumni and other stakeholders come to expect. …

The Perks And Problems Of Being Department Chair, David J. Burns, Stephen S. Batory, John Lanasa, Chris Manolis

AMTP Proceedings 2010

Many faculty members find the opportunity to serve as chair of their department at a point of their career. How does the chair position differ from a faculty position? Of what should a faculty member be aware before agreeing to serve as chair? Is it possible to prosper in the chair’s position? This special session will involve a candid discussion if the chair’s position – its perks and its problems. Four marketing faculty, both present chairs and former chairs, will present a clear picture of the chair’s position, and will address such issues as chair selection and appointment, dealing with …

The Nexus Of Payroll, Performance, Ticket Prices, And Attendance In Mlb, Sam Fullerton

AMTP Proceedings 2010

This study uses secondary data from the past ten seasons to explore key issues germane to Major League Baseball. Focusing on attendance, payroll, performance, and the cost of attending, several key relationships were identified. Huge disparities in spending are documented. Perhaps most importantly, there is a meaningful relationship between performance and attendance. Equally important is the relationship between performance and the team’s payroll. Other relationships were documented and suggestions are articulated. These suggestions include future research and managerial issues such as the implementation of a hard salary cap.

Sporting Change: Greening The Ballpark, Steve Greenberg, Anthony Taormina, Robert Sroufe

AMTP Proceedings 2010

Sustainable construction achieves the dual aim of reducing building carbon emissions while reducing lifecycle maintenance and long-term operating costs of the facility. This exploratory research aims to address the gap between the growing development of commercial LEED real estate buildings and sports and entertainment venues, while developing a framework for LEED Certification in New Ballparks. Medlar Field at Lubrano Park, located in State College, Pennsylvania, opened in 2006 as the first LEED certified stadium in the world. Sustainable design features include automatic plumbing fixtures, a gray water system, automatic lighting, public transportation hubs, and use of recycled and local construction …

Assessing Sport-Sales Training Effectiveness: Development Of A Baseline Sample, Richard M. Southall

AMTP Proceedings 2010

The majority of entry-level positions within the sport industry fall in the area of sales. Yet, only recently have sport-management programs begun to offer courses devoted to sales education and training. The discipline of sales provides an ideal opportunity to incorporate experiential-based learning. While several recent articles have examined the application of experiential-learning based learning to courses focused on ticket sales, this article presents the results of the first systematic assessment of such courses’ effectiveness. Specifically, this paper presents the results of evaluation of sales-training programs that incorporate Southall, Nagel, LeGrande, and Han's (2003) metadiscrete experiential learning model and the …

Collegiate Basketball Season-Ticket Holders’ Purchasing Motivation And Interests, Steve Shih-Chia Chen, Jennifer Mark

AMTP Proceedings 2010

This study examined the ticket purchasing motivation and interests of 334 season-ticket holders (199 males, 135 females) from two NCAA Division-I regional state institutions. The participants’ purchasing motivation and interests were surveyed onsite in the 2008-9 season by utilizing a12-item self-created instrument with a high level of internal reliability. The results indicated that the participants’ ticket purchasing motivation was mainly influenced by the competition and psycho-social related factor (CPR) and price and promotion (P&P) factor. The researchers further addressed the unique aspects in promoting regional Division-I basketball programs, and limitations and directions for future studies.

A Successful International Joint Venture: Exploring The Critical Success Factors Of Starbucks Korea, Kyuho Lee, Melih Madanoglu, Jae-Youn Ko

AMTP Proceedings 2010

International joint venture has become a key foreign entry mode among global service firms. Scholars have devoted significant attention to the theory of international joint venture in the past three decades. However, despite growing interest from academics and practitioners alike, research that would synthesize the model of a successful international joint venture in the service industry has not been established. To close this gap, we undertook a qualitative study using Starbuck Korea case. This study investigates how Starbucks Korea, an international joint venture between the Starbucks Corporation and the Shinsegae Corporation (the Korean joint venture partner of Starbucks Korea) has …

Tthe Effect Of Acculturation On Franchise Relationships, Sally Baalbaki

AMTP Proceedings 2010

Buyer-seller relationships and franchisee-franchisor relationships, have been studied excessively in the past. One of the causes of the growing importance of research on franchising has been the increased reliance on the service sector in many developed countries. However, the role of the franchisee has not been adequately studied in the literature outside of the buyer-seller relational framework, and especially not in conjunction with the concept of acculturation. Interpersonal relationships are critical in a service industry, offering an important reason to undergo a study of culture and acculturation within this industry, specifically from the franchisee perspective. The purpose of this research …

Does The Degree Of Internationalization Moderate The Market Orientation-Performance Relationship?, Ed Bruning

AMTP Proceedings 2010

This study examines the moderating effect of foreign market expansion orientation on the market orientation-performance relationship. It is argued the traditional notion of market orientation overlooks a number of realities that occur in foreign markets that lead to effects on market orientation. A sample of Canadian businesses is analyzed using moderator regression analysis. The findings support the contention that foreign market expansion orientation moderates the relationship as expected.

Providing Consistent Service At The Concessions Stand: A Potential Problem, Mark Nagel

AMTP Proceedings 2010

Concession sales are a critical revenue stream for sport and entertainment venues. Most research investigating concession revenues has focused upon quality and availability of food choices as well as the servicescape (Bigelow, 2004; Zeithaml, Bitner, & Gremler, 2006). Though these are important areas of concern, one area that has not been extensively researched is the appearance, speed, and efficiency of individual concession stations in relation to their in-venue counterparts. This study investigated the consistency of concession operations at a National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) Division I men’s basketball game. Results indicated that a large discrepancy existed among concession outlets in …

Organization Structure And Service Capabilities As Predictors Of Supply Chain Performance: B2b Seller’S Perspective, Harash J. Sachdev, G. Russell Merz

AMTP Proceedings 2010

In buyer-seller exchanges the seller not only provides the goods and service but also transfers its organization capabilities on to the buying firm. Improper selection and usage of these capabilities may reduce the seller’s sustainable competitive edge in future transactions in this supply chain. Through field interviews and Resource Based View literature, the authors propose and test a model linking organization structure, service capabilities, and seller’s satisfaction and performance in business-to-business exchanges. Based on eighty-seven responses, the results indicate that autonomous structure has a positive impact on all three service capabilities. Formalization has a positive influence on only logistics service …

The Evolving Role And Responsibilities Of Is Managers In Logistics, Stephen Lemay, Dave Mcmahon, Jeffery A. Periatt, Jon Carr

AMTP Proceedings 2010

This article provides a description of the evolving role of IS managers, their competencies, job requirements, and training needs. Key findings for developing effective training options and their implications are discussed. The data comes from an original research project funded by the Council of Logistics Management.

Interpreting A Case Of Outsourcing Shift-Gears In The Car Industry Using Different Theorys Simultaneously, Henrik Blomgren

AMTP Proceedings 2010

The purpose of this paper is to bring forward a methodology that makes it possible to handle different theoretical models simultaneously when analyzing cases of outsourcing - without ending up with contradictary conclusions. The approach used in the paper is a development of a framework, the analysis of three commonly used models (The Make-or-buy model, the Network approach, and Industrial strategy) and a case study where outsourcing of shift-gears in the carindustry is analysed. The paper addresses the basic need to clearify the fundamental assumtions embedded in theories applied on outsourcing. It also clearifies very hands-on how the suggested methodology …

The Role Of Trust In Today’S Extended Enterprise, Ken Saban, Michaela Ann Noakes

AMTP Proceedings 2010

This paper explores the role that trust plays in improving the overall collaboration and business performance of firms that constitute an extended enterprise. Case studies of Eli Lilly, Airbus and Toyota Motor Company illustrate the significant economic advantages of creating and maintaining a collaborative and trusting network.

Prisoner Recidivism: A Question For Social Marketing, Joseph R. Stasio Jr.

AMTP Proceedings 2010

Our society is today grappling with a myriad of social, political and economic problems in a time of greatly reduced and very costly resources. All of these problems are connected, in some way, with each other. It is the very nature of societies and this interconnectedness must be understood and appreciated, because, if left unheeded, the consequences can be quite dramatic.

With the advent of social marketing, society now has proven methods of effectively attacking these problems to create many types of desired social changes. Prisoner recidivism is just such a problem. It has intense social, political and economic ties …

Municipalities And University Athletic Departments: The Collaborative Funding Of Capital Improvement Projects, James W. Satterfield, Tony Franklin, Jennifer Horace, April Flint, Mike Godfrey

AMTP Proceedings 2010

This panel takes three papers and details how municipalities and universities can collaborate, develop, and market policies that subsidize collegiate athletic capital improvement projects and improve both groups. Each paper uses either resource dependency theory or interpretive policy analysis as theoretical frameworks to explore how local governments and universities can add value to their environments, while improving the lives of their constituents. While this kind of community project is not new the difficulties rest in getting people to agree to an additional tax levy. Each paper on this panel communicates the multiple advantages and disadvantages associated with approving and marketing …

The Role Of Recovery Marketing To Recapture A Sport Market Over The Past Decade: From Travel And Tourism To Professional And Amateur Sport Business, Eric C. Schwarz

AMTP Proceedings 2010

Recovery marketing can be defined as the actual or possible regaining, restoration, or improvement of something lost or taken away as a result of a significantly negative situation or event through the transfer of goods and services from producers to consumers. This article seeks to elaborate on the concept of recovery marketing historically and in terms of the sport industry, and how sport marketing efforts can be utilized in various situations to recuperate from negative scenarios. In addition, suggestions will be presented to aid sport marketing professionals in the creation of a recovery marketing plan for their organization.

Dimensions Of Event Quality Associated With High School Football Games: Scale Development, Kevin K. Byon, Matthew Ziemnik, Eddie Lam, James J. Zhang

AMTP Proceedings 2010

The current study was the first attempt to develop a scale that measures high school football event quality that could lead to sport consumption. With continued improvement of the scale, the EQS-HSF has great potential to be a valuable marketing tool to examine sport consumption behavior associated with high school football games.

Revolutionizing The Market: Electronic Branding Strategies Within Ncaa Fbs Athletic Departments, Coyte G. Cooper, Richard M. Southall, Matthew Cooper

AMTP Proceedings 2010

Increasing competition for the discretionary dollar of sport consumers has created an environment where sport organizations are forced to find strategies to differentiate themselves from the competition (Mullin, Hardy, and Sutton, 2007; Ross, 2007). One rapidly growing platform that sport organizations are now utilizing is e-branding. However, segments of the sport industry are in the infancy stages of developing long- standing practices for communication via new technology (de Chernatony & Christoudoulides, 2004). The purpose of this study was to explore the technologies that Division I FBS athletic departments (N = 64) implement to build their brand image with consumers. The …

Implementing The Customer Relationship Paradigm In Sports Marketing, Lynn W. Mcgee

AMTP Proceedings 2010

With the increasing attention to services marketing, the paradigms that guide marketing practitioners are shifting. An emerging approach useful to sports marketing is the study of customer relationships and their role in marketing mix design. This qualitative study examines the process, benefits and costs of implementing the customer relationship paradigm in brand identity development. A new baccalaureate university introduced athletics—and needed a mascot, colors and visual identity. Gronroos’ model of external, internal and interactive marketing guided the process. The results demonstrated the benefits of the approach and identified the need for stronger concepts and measures in this emerging research.

Preparation For An International Sport Event: The Promotional Strategies Of 2009 Kaohsiung World Games, Steve Shih-Chia Chen, Ronald Dick, Ashley Mcnabb, Yin-Chu Tseng

AMTP Proceedings 2010

This study presented administrative and marketing-related information on Kaohsiung City’s preparation for the 2009 World Games. The presented information was allocated through an extensive literature review on secondary sources, personal interviews, and observations from fall of 2008 to summer of 2009. Promotional strategies and activities, projected financial and sales data, reports on constructions, and issues and challenges related to the Games were further analyzed. The study further discussed the “not-for-profit” approach that was practiced by many East Asian Countries to gain international recognition and promote patriotism while hosting a major sport event.

A Fighting Chance: The Struggle Of A Historically Black College Athletic Program, James W. Satterfield

AMTP Proceedings 2010

The purpose of this study was to develop an understanding of the social dynamics surrounding a Historically Black College and University and its local community. The following research questions helped guide this study. What is the perception of South University’s athletic program in the local community? And What is the Community's relationship with South University Three focus group interviews were conducted, each with seven participants as well as semi-structured interviews. It became clear through the course of focus groups and individual interviews that the sociological nature of the relationship between South University and its local community was institutionalized along racial …

Evidence Of Sustainability Communication In Major League Baseball: A Website Analysis, Dorene Ciletti, John Lanasa, Diane Ramos, Ryan Luchs, Junying Lou

AMTP Proceedings 2010

Based on a review of Major League baseball team websites, this study provides insight into team communication of sustainability principles and practices through an analysis of self-presented sustainability content. Websites for thirty-one (31) teams were examined for content. Elkington’s (1997) triple bottom line dimensions and Global Reporting Initiative (GRI) indicator codes and definitions were constructs for the model and aligned to social, environmental, and economic principles for categories of sustainability practices. Researchers found that while teams are including sustainability information to some extent, the majority highlight social issues on their home pages and subsequent pages; communication about environmental factors varies …

The Portrayal Of Native American Stereotypes: A Semiotic Analysis Of Sports Logos Overtime, May Aung, Jordana King, Kyle Kivimaki, Ryan Kolten, Scott Mccreary, Kevin O'Doherty, Alyssa Rodrigo

AMTP Proceedings 2010

Mascots and logos play a crucial role in the branding of sports teams. When establishing a logo, organizations want a sign or symbol that is meaningful and widely recognizable. This study examines the portrayal of Native American Indian stereotypes within sport team logos of the Cleveland Indians, the Atlanta Braves, the Washington Redskins, the Chicago Blackhawks, the Syracuse Orange, and the Illinois Illini over a 90 year period. The study consists of a semiotic analysis of six major sports team logos, their logo changes and a review of external factors over time. Practical implications as well as future research are …

The "Perfect" Service-Learning Class Project: Implications For The Seleb Scale, Cynthia Anderson, Jane M. Reid, Mark Toncar

AMTP Proceedings 2010

A six-week public relations class held during the summer of 2009 conducted a very successful service- learning project. The students were able to raise money for charity, while showcasing their project on three local television stations as well as the local newspaper. Additionally, they communicated information about their event through social networking sites. Thus, this project became known as the "perfect" service- learning class project. The purpose of this article is to determine how the students participating in this service-learning project rated the items on the SELEB (Service Learning Benefits) scale, compared to less successful classes.

Business Programs In Study Abroad: A Reconsideration, Susan Carley, Randy S. Stuart, M. P. Dailey

AMTP Proceedings 2010

In acknowledgement of the importance of fostering a global perspective in their students, business educators stress the role that international study can play in increasing interpersonal skills and also broadening knowledge of global business practices. Traditionally offered as semester- or year- long programs, today’s study abroad programs are more often short-term in nature, raising questions about student outcomes of abbreviated study tours. This longitudinal study of students who participated over a nine-year period examines the benefits and limitations of short-term study tours. Results suggest that schools of business may want to think again about desired student outcomes and learning objectives …

Organizational Ethics: The Ethical Beliefs Of Marketing Managers In Trinidad And Tobago, Mohammed Y. A. Rawwas

AMTP Proceedings 2010

As a result of the recent corporate scandals involving Bernard Madoff, AIG, Enron, WorldCom, Tyco, Health- South, Martha Stewart, and the Wall Street analysts and the accounting firms (such as Arthur Andersen) that supported them, a growing concern has emerged about the quality of today's marketing managers' ethical beliefs. Epistemologists contend that belief is an ethical process that is susceptible to the intellectual virtue or vice of one's own life and personal experiences. Open-mindedness, curiosity, careful thinking, creativity, and intellectual courage are the foundations of epistemic virtues. Closed-mindedness, intellectual overconfidence, intellectual conformity, and wishful thinking are among epistemic vices. The …

Exploring B2b Brand Equity: Beyond The Traditional Models, Rick Mathisen, Michael Musante

AMTP Proceedings 2010

The original concept of brand equity was proposed by David Aaker in 1991. Subsequently Keller also proposed that concept of reseller brand equity. Brand equity in Aaker’s and Keller’s models was based on the value of the brand to the consumer. Little research or models have been proposed that address brand equity of B2B products. Yoo and Donthu tested a model of brand equity in the consumer market. The inputs were based on distribution intensity, store image, pricing, advertising and price deals. These were found to affect perceived quality, brand loyalty and brand associations consistent with the Aaker model. The …