Marketing Commons^™

Gender Inequality In Sport Illustrated Advertisements, Elizabeth Kelly

Student Scholar Showcase

As sports have increased over the years, so has the media coverage and representation of teams and athletes. Women’s athletics drastically grew after the establishment of Title IX in 1972. As the participation of females in sport grew, so did the coverage of them. This study analyzes athletes modeled in advertisements of Sports Illustrated from 2010 – 2016. With a total of 497 advertisements analyzed, the improvement of female representation was evident. The number of female athletes featured in media outlets has increased, yet is still not equal to male athletes. While female athletes are featured more than previous years, …

A Quantitative Content Analysis On Food-Based Advergames Aimed At Children, Emiko Barker

Honors Projects in Communication

No abstract provided.

Salesperson Networking Behaviors And Creativity: Exploring An Unconventional Relationship, Michael T. Krush, Raj Agnihotri, Gerrard M. Macintosh, Ashish Kalra

Management and Marketing Faculty Publications

A great deal of emerging research explores the antecedents and outcomes of salesperson creativity. However, relatively fewer scholarly endeavors have delved into assessing the social antecedents of salesperson creativity. Addressing this issue, the current research focuses on the link between one critical social antecedent in sales research, namely that of networking behaviors, and creativity among salespeople. Specifically, we include customer and professional networking behaviors and study their direct, interactive, and curvilinear effects on salesperson creativity. Empirical findings show that professional networking as well as customer networking are positively related to salesperson creativity. Further, we demonstrate the non-linear effects of professional …

2017 Ijbe Front Matter, Tamra Connor

International Journal for Business Education

1. Editorial Board
2. President's Letter
3. SIEC-ISBE International

Avondale, Telfair Stockton, E V. Toomer

City and Regional Planning -- Florida

A copy of a brochure detailing Avondale history and real estate options. Likely from the 1920's

When Hippo Used Twitter To Manage Its Supply Chain, Singapore Management University

Perspectives@SMU

The Indian snack brand inspired its customers to be advocates

Household Life Cycle As A Segmentation Approach For Major Professional Sports Teams, Jacob S. Watkins

Undergraduate Distinction Papers

As entertainment and leisure market offerings increase, major professional sports teams need different approaches to segmenting consumers. Household life cycle represents an approach to segmenting. Using data from one major professional sports team, the household life cycle is found to have a relationship with purchase of different season ticket packages. Major professional sports team managers should offer different types of ticket packages to different segments of the household life cycle.

Nostalgic Selling: The Louisville & Nashville Railroad And Its General Public Relations, Michael J. Landry

Atlantic Marketing Journal

This paper represents a case study of how to use historic events/artifacts in public relations and sales. It recounts how the Louisville & Nashville Railroad participated in the United States Civil War centennial celebrations by restoring a locomotive, the General, that was made famous in a daring raid conducted in that war. Using primary and secondary documents mainly from corporate archives including notes, operations manuals, public relations logs, measurements, corporate publications and oral history, the paper outlines the General’s iconic history, the purposes for its 1960s restoration to operation for the Civil War centennial, and the overarching marketing strategy behind …

The Cross-Platform Consistency Of Online User Movie Ratings, Dan Baugher, Chris Ramos

Atlantic Marketing Journal

Online movie ratings are often used in studies of Internet word-of-mouth, but the cross-platform consistency of such ratings has not been well established. Mean user ratings were obtained for 500 movies using the rating systems in place on Netflix and IMDb. Mean volume was 1,480,931 (SD = 2,636,388) and 104,746 (SD = 193,532) on the Netflix and IMDb sites, respectively, suggesting the movies were visible, but also variable in visibility. Volume was moderately correlated (r = .724, p ≤ .001). Mean user ratings on the Netflix and IMDB sites averaged 3.57 (SD = .37) and 3.84 (SD = .34). Mean …

Job Shadowing Experiences As A Teaching Tool: A New Twist On A Tried And True Technique, Fred H. Mader, Deanna R. D. Mader, Elizabeth C. Alexander

Atlantic Marketing Journal

This article reports an innovative twist on the use of the job shadowing experience as a means not only to provide real-world exposure for the student, but also as a way to generate real-time data from the professionals to be utilized as a basis for class discussion. Reaction from both students and professionals has been overwhelmingly positive.

Field Trip! Assessing Business Student Interest In Plant Tours And Their Product Categories, Mark Mitchell, Gregory Turner, Robert Montgomery, Mark Hartley

Atlantic Marketing Journal

Business educators are challenged daily to provide fresh ideas in the classroom and to use new methods to stimulate active learning. One option is to use manufacturing plant tours, company museums, and company visitor centers to supplement traditional classroom activities. This manuscript details this growing type of tourism (known as Consumer Experience Tourism) and identifies the product categories of greatest interest to today’s students in Business and Economics. Business educators are encouraged to more fully embrace this under-utilized resource to promote active student learning and to select those destinations of greatest interest to their particular student audiences.

Controlling And Informational Planned Behavior: Self-Determination Theory And The Theory Of Planned Behavior, Jonathan P. Leavell

Atlantic Marketing Journal

The purpose of this non-empirical paper is to explore the theoretical value of introducing constructs of self-determination theory (SDT) into the framework of the theory of planned behavior (TPB). Deci’s and Ryan’s (1985) formulation of SDT maintains an intrinsic focus while much of Ajzen’s (1985) TPB framework maintains an extrinsic focus. The incorporation of constructs based on an internal locus of causality may enhance the predictive power of TPB. Applications for practitioners and opportunities for further research are presented.

A Perspective On Pharmaceutical Marketing Practices: Message Development, Media Selection, Medication Adherence And Health Literacy, Yvette Lynne Bonaparte

Atlantic Marketing Journal

Health literacy includes not only literacy and numeracy, but areas related to an individual's ability to critically review and process health information in such a way that leads to improved health behavior and outcomes. The level of health literacy attained by a particular target audience is an important consideration for marketers of pharmaceutical products as it impacts both the message and the media selected for product promotion. Additionally, the degree to which health literacy levels impact medication adherence should be a consideration for those that market pharmaceutical products.

An Exploratory Comparison Of Private And Hbcu Marketing Student Study Abroad Program (Sap) Participation Intentions, Omar Woodham, George W. Stone, Kathryn Cort, Michael A. Jones

Atlantic Marketing Journal

The current research compares two demographically diverse universities regarding their respective awareness of the study abroad programs (SAPs) offered by their school. The study focuses on each sample’s awareness of SAP opportunities (i.e., as offered by their own institution) as well as each group’s opinion of the level of university administrator effort aimed at promoting the SAP offerings at each school. The authors analyzed whether student perceptions of the level of administrator support affected student expectations regarding SAP participation prior to graduation. Given the different socio-economic characteristics of the two student samples used in the study, the authors provide additional …

Students' Attitudes Towards Textbook Types: Are Students Really Ready For E-Textbooks?, Diane R. Edmondson, Cheryl Ward

Atlantic Marketing Journal

Abstract - This study examines students’ attitudes and preferences to the four primary textbook types currently on the market. These types include hardback, paperback, loose leaf, and E-textbook. Two hundred twenty-three students currently taking Principles of Marketing from a large public university in the southeastern United States completed the survey. Results found that students still prefer paperback textbooks, even when this textbook is at a higher price than other alternatives. When students were asked their opinions on the various textbook options, it was clear that price, ease of use, health concerns, and ownership desires were the primary reasons why they …

A Study Of The Influence Of Branded Messages On Non-Branded Food Items When Presented To 10 To 14-Year-Old Children, Cassandra J. Chinn

Theses, Dissertations and Capstones

Children are more likely to create bonds with foods based on the environmental, socioeconomic and familial influences in their lives during early development stages. They gravitate to foods that are familiar to them and that are positioned with familiarity, creating an opportunity for branded food items to create more of a space in their psyche as part of their identity. Current research looks to reposition those energy-dense foods (commodity vegetables) that can often times be left unbranded, to see if immediate interest in the food items changes. Results found no significance to confirm nor deny a positive correlation in interest …

Leadership Styles And Employee Motivation In Qatar Organizations, Anas Al Haj

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Organizations in the public sector in Qatar have a reputation for delivering inefficient services. Leaders lack an understanding of motivational factors affecting public sector employee performance. The purpose of this correlational research was to examine the relationship between leadership styles and employee motivation in public companies in Qatar. The independent variables were the transformational, transactional, and passive-avoidant leadership styles. The dependent variable was employee motivation. The moderator variables were employee age and salary. A sample of 92 employees from 4 public sector organizations in Qatar responded to the online survey. The full range leadership theory served as the theoretical foundation …

Marketing Strategies: How Small Restaurant Businesses Use Social Media, Tasheenia Bennett

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Social media has changed the way businesses relate to their customers. Since the beginning of social media, traditional methods of communicating with customers have begun to decline. The purpose of this multicase study was to determine the strategies of 5 owners of small restaurant businesses in Western North Carolina who successfully used social media marketing for 1 year or more. Rogers's diffusion of innovation theory was the conceptual framework for this study. Data collection included semistructured interviews, documents pertaining to social media marketing strategies, and social media pages and websites from the participating restaurants. These data were analyzed following Yin's …

Creating Leadership Efficacy Through Digital Media In The Electricity Supply Industry, Kenny Moodley

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Business leaders lack transformational leadership strategies to promote the use of digital communication in the electricity supply industry. The purpose of this multiple case study was to explore transformational leadership strategies to promote the use of digital communication to mitigate electricity-related shutdowns and other electricity-related product recalls. The conceptual framework for this study aligns with general systems theory. The participants recruited in the study were business leaders, key account electricity consumers, and electricity consumers located in Johannesburg, South Africa. The rationale for the target population was their success in implementing transformational leadership strategies to promote the use of digital communication …

Strategies For Implementing Advertisements In The Green Industry, Ashley Deal Castle

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

After a growth in sales of 30% from 2007 to 2010, green product market sales declined 2% from 2010 to 2014 in the United States. Business leaders need to incorporate sustainable business practices and use green messaging within advertisements and marketing campaigns to assure that present needs do not compromise the ability of future generations to meet their needs. This qualitative case study explored marketing strategies that business leaders in the green advertising industry use to increase the sale of green products. The social cognitive theory was the conceptual framework used in this study. In-depth interviews with 5 purposively selected …

Making A Difference: The Impact Of Corporate Ethical Behavior On Consumers In The Beauty Industry, Paige M. Gould

Honors Theses and Capstones

Over the years, the cosmetic industry has struggled with a variety of ethical issues. This research examines the effects of these unethical practices on consumers’ perceptions and judgements. More specifically, do consumers consider ethical issues when evaluating cosmetics? Can consumers’ ethical perceptions and decision making be influenced? If so, are heuristic appeals or systematic appeals more persuasive? The results of this study indicate that unless prompted, most consumers do not consider ethical issues when purchasing cosmetics. The study also found that both heuristic and systematic appeals were effective in influencing general industry perceptions, but only the systematic appeal was successful …

Instilling Positive Beliefs About Organ Donation: An Information Processing Approach, Gerardo Jose Moreira

Open Access Theses & Dissertations

The number of those seeking a kidney donation in the United States continues to increase while the number of donors is not growing at the same rate (U.S. Department of Health and Human Services USDHHS, 2010). The lack of donations is more prevalent in low health literate communities which suffer from misinformation and ultimately negative beliefs toward organ donation. Thus, it is important to understand how marketing efforts can effectively change individuals' beliefs about organ donation.

Drawing on the Self-Determination Theory and Schema Theory, I proposed that the effectiveness of health education programs, which is to motivate individuals to be …

Essays On The Role Of Product Characteristics In Information Source Importance, Saeed Tajdini Tajdini

Open Access Theses & Dissertations

The goal of this Dissertation is to contribute to our understanding of relative importance of different information sources that consumers use to guide their purchasing behavior. Specifically, this work aims to model the product characteristics affecting the importance of each information source to consumers as they seek to purchase a given product. Although the extant literature has examined this topic, the efforts have not been cohesive and a comprehensive model of the phenomenon has yet to be developed, limiting our understanding of the topic. Gaining insight into the effects of product characteristics on the importance of different sources of information …

New Product Development Team Creativity And Innovation: The Role Of Cultural Diversity, Communication, Proximity And Foreign Culture Representativeness, Felix A. Flores

Open Access Theses & Dissertations

This Dissertation explores new product development team creativity and innovation. Section 1 discusses the definition, measurement and relevance of new product development team creativity. It highlights some of the discrepancies in the literature with regards to the definition and operationalization of creativity, and adopts a definition and scale, that will serve as the foundation for section 2 and 3 studies.

Section 2 examines the influence of several dimensions of cultural diversity on new product development creativity and innovation, during differing stages of new product development, and in both co-located and domestic environments.

Section 3 extends section 2 by examining the …

Corporate Sponsorship And The Consumer Socialization Of African American Women Athletes: A Qualitative Study, Tahla Monique Wade

Open Access Theses & Dissertations

African-American consumption is a unique feature of the American consumer market. A characteristic of African American consumers is their participation in conspicuous consumption. A look into the sociological concept of consumer socialization can drive insight to what initiates purchases of this group. However, this is not studied as an evolving process. Over time, individuals may encounter several new influences that affect their consumer socialization and purchase behavior, including the possibility of corporate sponsorship. To explore this evolution, I examine if corporate sponsorships affect the consumer socialization of African-American women collegiate athletes. Fifteen NCAA Division I African-American women athletes from a …

Strategies To Teach Customer Service Skills, James Francis Ortman

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Business managers' failure to retain dissatisfied customers leads to millions of dollars in lost revenue. The purpose of this single case study was to explore managers' training strategies to teach sales associates customer service skills. The sample included 3 training managers from the mobile phone industry in Michigan who recorded a 25 % increase in customer retention after implementing customer service training. The conceptual framework for this study was human capital theory. Data were collected from semistructured interviews and training documents. Data analysis entailed using coding techniques and cluster analysis. Member checking applied to clarify the interpretation of participants' responses …

Millennials On The Move, But To Where?, Zach Kisor, Shelby Hoge, Ashley Cosher, Bethany Gump, Derek Carson, Kristi Mitchell

Williams Honors College, Honors Research Projects

The following reports discuss the geographical preferences of Millennials in relation to job selection preferences. Our team analyzed the moving trends of Millennials in both Ohio and the United States to determine what factors influence this decision. Collectively, our team concluded that in order to successfully recruit Millennials, companies must offer benefit packages that center around work-life balance. This entails not just highlighting what a job requires technically, but opportunities for leadership development, social activities outside of work, and more. To recruit this upcoming talent, companies need a holistic approach that convinces Millennials that working for their company creates a …

The Gojo Smartlink Observation System: Research For Adoption, Robert Cuenot, Austin Reich, Joseph Tuck, Sarah Dick, Sean Poholski

Williams Honors College, Honors Research Projects

This research project sought to provide GOJO Industries, Inc. with strategic recommendations for improving sales of their SMARTLINK Observation (OBV) hand hygiene compliance monitoring mobile application. The two required steps for building recommendations were to analyze the status of the hand hygiene compliance monitoring market (as of 2017) and gain insight on the needs of nurses, doctors, and other healthcare directors in hospitals and urgent care facilities. In conjunction with GOJO Industries, Inc., the viability of a subscription-based mobile application for monitoring was tested. Employees of several different healthcare facilities were interviewed about their current methods and practices for compliance …

Integrating Consumer Feedback Into Business Marketing Strategies, Elijah G. Clark

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Consumer feedback and reviews are critical to the success of businesses because 49% of consumers trust online reviews more than other sources. The purpose of this multicase study was to explore marketing managers' strategies for using consumer reviews to improve marketing success, brand awareness, and their clients' profitability. The conceptual framework for this study was built upon organizational theory and disruptive innovation theory. The participants were recruited through local events, social media, and e-mail. Data were collected from public online records and semistructured telephone interviews using 1 marketing manager from each of 5 marketing agencies in North Texas. Thematic analysis …

Strategies For Crisis Preparedness Of Tourist Destinations, Carrine V. M. Todman-Lewis

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Billion-dollar disasters are projected to increase at a statistically significant rate of 5% annually. Crises affect the viability and lucrativeness of tourism business and implicate destinations in the process. Crisis preparedness is vital to improving outcomes and reducing consequential effects in the tourism industry-a key contributor to socioeconomic progress and infrastructural development worldwide. The study was an exploration of the strategies used for crisis preparedness to reduce business interruptions and improve the image of destinations affected by large-scale natural disasters and human-induced crises. A multiple case study was conducted based on the cycle of preparedness framework. Data were gathered from …