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Articles 91 - 120 of 220
Full-Text Articles in Management Sciences and Quantitative Methods
A Qualitative Study Of High-Reputation Plant Managers: Political Skill And Successful Outcomes, Anne D. Smith, Donde Ashmos Plowman, Dennis Duchon, Amber M. Quinn
A Qualitative Study Of High-Reputation Plant Managers: Political Skill And Successful Outcomes, Anne D. Smith, Donde Ashmos Plowman, Dennis Duchon, Amber M. Quinn
Department of Management: Faculty Publications
There has been little systematic study of what plant managers actually do on a day-to-day basis that accounts for their success in achieving organizational outcomes. In our field interviews and observations of high-reputation plant managers from 11 manufacturing plants, we found that effective political skill enabled them to influence subordinates in ways that contributed positively to organizational outcomes. Political skill is an interpersonal style that combines social astuteness with the ability to relate well, and otherwise demonstrate situationally appropriate behavior in an engaging way that inspires confidence, trust, and genuiness [Ferris, G.R., Perrewé, P.L., Anthony, W.P., Gilmore, D.C., 2000. Political …
Measuring Workplace Spirituality In An Asian Context, Pawinee Petchsawanga, Dennis Duchon
Measuring Workplace Spirituality In An Asian Context, Pawinee Petchsawanga, Dennis Duchon
Department of Management: Faculty Publications
This paper presents the development of a measure for workplace spirituality. Workplace spirituality is initially proposed to consists of five components, but confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) applied to data collected from employees from a large Thai company suggests a four-factor model: compassion, meaningful work, mindfulness and transcendence.
Experiencing Rare And Unusual Events Richly: The Role Of Middle Managers In Animating And Guiding Organizational Interpretation, Tammy E. Beck, Donde Ashmos Plowman
Experiencing Rare And Unusual Events Richly: The Role Of Middle Managers In Animating And Guiding Organizational Interpretation, Tammy E. Beck, Donde Ashmos Plowman
Department of Management: Faculty Publications
Organizations have difficulty learning from rare and unusual events because of their inability to interpret these events. Because organizations develop habitual ways of interpreting events—often top down—they can easily miss the novelty of rare and unusual events, which prevents them from experiencing events “richly.” We propose a multilevel, multistaged model of organizational interpretation that highlights the important, but generally unacknowledged, role middle managers can play in helping organizations experience rare and unusual events richly. Our model accounts for the effect of cognitive biases and hierarchical context on organizational interpretation. Because of their proximity to the interpretations of both strategic and …
The Use Of Personality Test Norms In Work Settings: Effects Of Sample Size And Relevance, Robert P. Tett, Jenna R. (Fitzke) Pieper, Patrick L. Wadlington, Scott A. Davies, Michael G. Anderson, Jeff Foster
The Use Of Personality Test Norms In Work Settings: Effects Of Sample Size And Relevance, Robert P. Tett, Jenna R. (Fitzke) Pieper, Patrick L. Wadlington, Scott A. Davies, Michael G. Anderson, Jeff Foster
Department of Management: Faculty Publications
The value of personality test norms for use in work settings depends on norm sample size (N) and relevance, yet research on these criteria is scant and corresponding standards are vague. Using basic statistical principles and Hogan Personality Inventory (HPI) data from 5 sales and 4 trucking samples (N range = 394–6,200), we show that (a) N >100 has little practical impact on the reliability of norm-based standard scores (max=±10 percentile points in 99% of samples) and (b) personality profiles vary more from using different norm samples, between as well as within job families. Averaging across scales, T-scores based on …
The Leadership Of Emergence: A Complex Systems Leadership Theory Of Emergence At Successive Organizational Levels, Benyamin B. Lichtenstein, Donde Ashmos Plowman
The Leadership Of Emergence: A Complex Systems Leadership Theory Of Emergence At Successive Organizational Levels, Benyamin B. Lichtenstein, Donde Ashmos Plowman
Department of Management: Faculty Publications
Complexity science reframes leadership by focusing on the dynamic interactions between all individuals, explaining how those interactions can, under certain conditions, produce emergent outcomes. We develop a Leadership of Emergence using this approach, through an analysis of three empirical studies which document emergence in distinct contexts. Each of these studies identifies the same four “conditions” for emergence: the presence of a Dis-equilibrium state, Amplifying actions, Recombination/“Self-organization”, and Stabilizing feedback. From these studies we also show how these conditions can be generated through nine specific behaviors which leaders can enact, including: Disrupt existing patterns through embracing uncertainty and creating controversy, Encourage …
The Influence Of Leader Humor On Relationships Between Leader Behavior And Follower Outcomes, Robert P. Vecchio, Joseph E. Justin, Craig L. Pearce
The Influence Of Leader Humor On Relationships Between Leader Behavior And Follower Outcomes, Robert P. Vecchio, Joseph E. Justin, Craig L. Pearce
Department of Management: Faculty Publications
Although it is widely suspected that a leader’s use of humor can have an enhancing effect on follower performance, relatively little empirical evidence has been gathered that clearly substantiates this belief (Duncan, Smeltzer, and Leap, 1990). Generally, scholarship devoted to the topic of humor in the workplace has been suggestive of how humor might impact group climate or organizational culture (Collinson, 1988; Holmes and Marra, 2002; Linstead, 1985; Lundberg, 1969; Robinson and Smith-Lovin, 2001) or build unit cohesion (Lennox-Terrion and Ashforth, 2002). In his early article, Malone (1980) argued that humor may contribute to enhancing both employee satisfaction and performance. …
Complexity Leadership In Bureaucratic Forms Of Organizing: A Meso Model, Mary Uhl-Bien, Russ Marion
Complexity Leadership In Bureaucratic Forms Of Organizing: A Meso Model, Mary Uhl-Bien, Russ Marion
Department of Management: Faculty Publications
We consider Complexity Leadership Theory in contexts of bureaucratic forms of organizing to describe how adaptive dynamics can work in combination with administrative functions to generate emergence and change in organizations. Complexity leadership approaches are consistent with the central assertion of the meso argument that leadership is multi-level, processual, contextual, and interactive. In this paper we focus on the adaptive function, an interactive process between adaptive leadership (an agentic behavior) and complexity dynamics (non-agentic social dynamics) that generates emergent outcomes (e.g., innovation, learning, adaptability) for the firm. Propositions regarding the actions of complexity leadership in bureaucratic forms of organizing are …
Authentic Leadership And Positive Psychological Capital: The Mediating Role Of Trust At The Group Level Of Analysis, Rachel Clapp-Smith, Gretchen Vogelgesang, James Avey
Authentic Leadership And Positive Psychological Capital: The Mediating Role Of Trust At The Group Level Of Analysis, Rachel Clapp-Smith, Gretchen Vogelgesang, James Avey
Department of Management: Faculty Publications
This study investigates the relationship between authentic leadership, trust, positive psychological capital (PsyCap), and performance at the group level of analysis. Data were collected from a small Midwestern chain of retail clothing stores, a context in which the needs for both authentic leadership and a positive sales staff are integral to the firm’s performance. Constructs were aggregated to the store (group) level to test relationships between perceptions of authentic leadership, trust in management, positive psychological capital, and performance. Trust in management was found to mediate the relationship between PsyCap and performance and to partially mediate the relationship be¬tween authentic leadership …
A Framework For Examining Leadership In Extreme Contexts, Sean T. Hannah, Mary Uhl-Bien, Bruce Avolio, Fabrice L. Cavarretta
A Framework For Examining Leadership In Extreme Contexts, Sean T. Hannah, Mary Uhl-Bien, Bruce Avolio, Fabrice L. Cavarretta
Department of Management: Faculty Publications
In this review, we develop a framework to guide future research and to examine the execution of leadership in extreme contexts. We start by defining and distinguishing extreme contexts from crisis and other contexts. A five component typology is developed comprised of magnitude of consequences, form of threat, probability of consequences, location in time and physical or psychological–social proximity. We discuss the unique influences these components have on leadership processes in extreme contexts examining the relevance of organization types such as critical action and high reliability organizations. Further, we present a set of factors that may attenuate or intensify the …
Religious Discrimination And Racial Harassment: What Ever Happened To Marshawn Demur? -- Student Workbook, Gwendolyn Combs
Religious Discrimination And Racial Harassment: What Ever Happened To Marshawn Demur? -- Student Workbook, Gwendolyn Combs
Department of Management: Faculty Publications
The diversity of the domestic and global workforce is increasing due to the growing number of immigrants and the expansion of global operations. The management of religious differences and the interface of varying religious beliefs and management practices are profound concerns for many organizations and human resource professionals. Religious communities may be quite different in beliefs and practices, and this can influence employee interaction with formal and informal work practices and social norms. Additionally, response to religious differences can sometimes be intertwined with racial biases and attitude predispositions. This case will depict a particular organizational situation involving an employee’s religious …
The “Point” Of Positive Organizational Behavior, Fred Luthans, Bruce Avolio
The “Point” Of Positive Organizational Behavior, Fred Luthans, Bruce Avolio
Department of Management: Faculty Publications
Perhaps the most important “Point” we would like to make in this “Point-Counterpoint” on positive organizational behavior is the role that research must play in this evolving area of study. We follow this point on the importance of research by drawing from recent findings that indicate in discussions such as this point and counterpoint, that taking a positive approach leads to more in-depth inquiry, whereas a negative perspective leads to advocacy and in our view less learning potential. Thus, the positive perspective we take in this “Point” piece is to identify and make a deep inquiry into the major issues …
Leadership: Current Theories, Research, And Future Directions, Bruce Avolio, Fred Walumbwa, Todd J. Weber
Leadership: Current Theories, Research, And Future Directions, Bruce Avolio, Fred Walumbwa, Todd J. Weber
Department of Management: Faculty Publications
This review examines recent theoretical and empirical developments in the leadership literature, beginning with topics that are currently receiving attention in terms of research, theory, and practice. We begin by examining authentic leadership and its development, followed by work that takes a cognitive science approach. We then examine new-genre leadership theories, complexity leadership, and leadership that is shared, collective, or distributed. We examine the role of relationships through our review of leader member exchange and the emerging work on followership. Finally, we examine work that has been done on substitutes for leadership, servant leadership, spirituality and leadership, cross-cultural leadership, and …
Religious Discrimination And Racial Harassment: What Ever Happened To Marshawn Demur? -- Instructor’S Manual, Gwendolyn Combs
Religious Discrimination And Racial Harassment: What Ever Happened To Marshawn Demur? -- Instructor’S Manual, Gwendolyn Combs
Department of Management: Faculty Publications
Case Learning Objectives:
Establish the basis for and recognition of potential d nn isparate treatment and disparate impact situations in the workplace.
Analyze the legal requirements for employers in considering and/or accommodating employee religious beliefs and preferences in the workplace.
Examine the interface of judicial precedent, legislative intent, Title VII and organizational policy/managerial decision-making.
Recognize the roles and responsibilities of human resource (HR) professionals in addressing these issues.
Target Audience: Undergraduate and graduate level students who have a basic background in HR management and equal employment/diversity issues.
This case works best in conjunction with the study of equal employment opportunity, …
Organizational Narcissism And Virtuous Behavior, Dennis Duchon, Brian Drake
Organizational Narcissism And Virtuous Behavior, Dennis Duchon, Brian Drake
Department of Management: Faculty Publications
Extreme narcissistic organizations are unable to behave ethically because they lack a moral identity. While such organizations are not necessarily unethical intentionally, they become self-obsessed and use a sense of entitlement, self-aggrandizement, denial, and rationalizations to justify anything they do. Extreme narcissistic organizations might develop formal ethics programs, but such programs will have little effect on behavior.
Learning Motivation And Transfer Of Human Capital Development: Implications From Psychological Capital, Gwendolyn Combs, Fred Luthans, Jakari Griffith
Learning Motivation And Transfer Of Human Capital Development: Implications From Psychological Capital, Gwendolyn Combs, Fred Luthans, Jakari Griffith
Department of Management: Faculty Publications
In this chapter we have attempted to expand the application and utility of the newly emerging core construct of psychological capital to an area critically important to high performance organizations. More specifically, the enormous organizational resources devoted to building and sustaining human capital through employer-sponsored or delivered learning and education programs demands continued analysis and investigation of how to ensure the effectiveness of such programs. Learning motivation (antecedent) and transfer of learning (outcome) are two particularly challenging elements in the learning/education program development formula that if addressed correctly can minimize failure and maximize success.
In developing and sustaining human capital, …
Psychological Ownership: Theoretical Extensions, Measurement, And Relation To Work Outcomes, James B. Avey, Bruce Avolio, Craig Crossley, Fred Luthans
Psychological Ownership: Theoretical Extensions, Measurement, And Relation To Work Outcomes, James B. Avey, Bruce Avolio, Craig Crossley, Fred Luthans
Department of Management: Faculty Publications
Viewing psychological ownership as a positive resource for impacting human performance in organizations, the present study investigated the components of an expanded view of psychological ownership. Confirmatory factor analyses on a proposed measure of psychological ownership provided support for a positively-oriented, ‘‘promotion-focused’’ aspect of psychological ownership comprised of four dimensions: self-efficacy, accountability, sense of belongingness, and self-identity. In addition, territoriality was examined as a unique and more ‘‘prevention-focused’’ form of ownership. Practical implications and suggestions for future research on psychological ownership and positive organizational behavior conclude the article.
Inquiry Unplugged: Building On Hackman’S Potential Perils Of Pob, Fred Luthans, Bruce Avolio
Inquiry Unplugged: Building On Hackman’S Potential Perils Of Pob, Fred Luthans, Bruce Avolio
Department of Management: Faculty Publications
In this rejoinder to Hackman’s counterpoint piece on positive organizational behavior (POB), we again take a positive, inquiry approach. We address and build out each of his identified potential perils with the aim of accelerating the journey of POB understanding, research, and application.
Team Level Positivity: Investigating Positive Psychological Capacities And Team Level Outcomes, Bradley J. West, Jaime L. Patera, Melissa K. Carsten
Team Level Positivity: Investigating Positive Psychological Capacities And Team Level Outcomes, Bradley J. West, Jaime L. Patera, Melissa K. Carsten
Department of Management: Faculty Publications
The movement toward positive psychology has uncovered the important role that positivity plays in both individual and organizational success. Given that work teams are becoming increasingly embedded in organizational structures, it is surprising that few researchers have investigated positivity at the team level. The present study examines the emergence of team level positive psychological capacities and their relationship with team outcomes (e.g., cohesion, cooperation, coordination, and conflict and team satisfaction) during two team sessions. Results from 101 teams suggest that team optimism is an important predictor of team outcomes when teams are newly formed, whereas team resilience and team efficacy …
Operations Research Methodology Life Cycle Trend Phases As Recorded In Journal Articles, Marc J. Schniederjans, A. M. Schniederjans, D. G. Schniederjans
Operations Research Methodology Life Cycle Trend Phases As Recorded In Journal Articles, Marc J. Schniederjans, A. M. Schniederjans, D. G. Schniederjans
Department of Management: Faculty Publications
This paper applies life cycle concepts to forecast and explore trends in the publication rates of operations research (OR) methodology journal articles. The confirmatory part of this study seeks to show the accuracy of life cycles to forecast a trend for a single OR methodology. The exploratory part of this study extends the use of life cycle forecasting to a broader collection of OR methodologies. This part of the study entails a collection of keywords for OR methodologies from over 8,000 journal articles. The results show a life cycle can be used to forecast a trend in OR journal article …
Evaluating Vendor-Managed Inventory (Vmi) In Non Traditional Environments Using Simulation, Peter Southard, Scott Swenseth
Evaluating Vendor-Managed Inventory (Vmi) In Non Traditional Environments Using Simulation, Peter Southard, Scott Swenseth
Department of Management: Faculty Publications
This study provided empirical evidence that sufficient economic benefits could be achieved with the use of a technology-enabled vendor-managed inventory (VMI) system in a unique chain such that a firm could justify spending the money necessary to create the infrastructure to support it. The models, while based on a specific type of business, were still generic enough that the results could be generalized to many types of highly distributed, variable demand delivery systems. The study compared the costs of inventory systems used in practice by rural farm cooperatives to possible technology-enabled systems. Fuel delivery data from two agricultural cooperatives in …
The Joint Role Of Locus Of Control And Perceived Financial Need In Job Search, Edwin A. J. Van Hooft, Craig Crossley
The Joint Role Of Locus Of Control And Perceived Financial Need In Job Search, Edwin A. J. Van Hooft, Craig Crossley
Department of Management: Faculty Publications
Guided by economic rational choice theory and the behavioral-coping literature, the present study examined contrasting perspectives of the role of job-search locus of control (JSLOC) and perceived financial need in predicting job-search intensity. Data were collected in two independent studies in the Netherlands and in the United States, both using a two-wave longitudinal design. Results from both studies suggested that job seekers with external JSLOC and high perceived financial need engaged in more intense search behavior to compensate for anticipated difficulties in finding employment. Findings suggested that stress may mediate this relation, and may play a positive role in the …
A Strategy For Third-Party Logistics Systems: A Case Analysis Using The Blue Ocean Strategy, Changsu Kim, Kyung Hoon Yang, Jaekyung Kim
A Strategy For Third-Party Logistics Systems: A Case Analysis Using The Blue Ocean Strategy, Changsu Kim, Kyung Hoon Yang, Jaekyung Kim
Department of Management: Faculty Publications
One of today’s most frequently discussed topics in the business world is how to escape from the intense Red Ocean and how to create an uncontested Blue Ocean. However, because there are few practical guidelines available on this topic, we will introduce a case study of a third-party logistics (3PL) provider, CJ-Global Logistics Service (CJ-GLS), to show how it aspires to be a leader in the newly introduced 3PL industry in South Korea. CJ-GLS is a latecomer in the logistics industry, and its resources, such as the number of trucks and warehouses, are relatively small in comparison to those of …
Learning: The Interface Of Quality Management And Strategic Alliances, Mahour Mellat-Parast, Lester Digman
Learning: The Interface Of Quality Management And Strategic Alliances, Mahour Mellat-Parast, Lester Digman
Department of Management: Faculty Publications
In this paper, we investigate the practice of quality management in strategic alliances. By employing a relational view of inter-organizational competitive advantage, the paper addresses the concept of quality management in strategic alliances and networks. We argue that institutional/network relationships influence the practice of quality within a network. In that regard, firms that have adopted quality management practices are more effective in managing and coordinating their interactions with other firms in the network, which results in their enhanced learning capability within the alliance. The proposed framework recognizes the role of trust and cooperative learning as critical factors that affect the …
Supply Chain Risk, Simulation, And Vendor Selection, Desheng Wu, David L. Olson
Supply Chain Risk, Simulation, And Vendor Selection, Desheng Wu, David L. Olson
Department of Management: Faculty Publications
This paper considers three types of risk evaluation models within supply chains: chance constrained programming (CCP), data envelopment analysis (DEA), and multi-objective programming (MOP) models. Various risks are modeled in the form of probability and simulation of specific probability distribution in risk-embedded attributes is conducted in these three types of risk evaluation models. We model a supply chain consisting of three levels and use simulated data with representative distributions. Results from three models as well as simulation models are compared and analysis is conducted. The results show that the proposed approach allows decision makers to perform trade-off analysis among expected …
How Management Style Moderates The Relationship Between Abusive Supervision And Workplace Deviance: An Uncertainty Management Theory Perspective, Stefan Thau, Rebecca J. Bennett, Marie S. Mitchell, Mary Beth Marrs
How Management Style Moderates The Relationship Between Abusive Supervision And Workplace Deviance: An Uncertainty Management Theory Perspective, Stefan Thau, Rebecca J. Bennett, Marie S. Mitchell, Mary Beth Marrs
Department of Management: Faculty Publications
Based on uncertainty management theory [Lind, E. A., & Van den Bos, K., (2002). When fairness works: Toward a general theory of uncertainty management. In Staw, B. M., & Kramer, R. M. (Eds.), Research in organizational behavior (Vol. 24, pp. 181–223). Greenwich, CT: JAI Press.], two studies tested whether a management style depicting situational uncertainty moderates the relationship between abusive supervision and workplace deviance. Study 1, using survey data from 379 subordinates of various industries, found that the positive relationship between abusive supervision and organizational deviance was stronger when authoritarian management style was low (high situational uncertainty) rather than high …
Emotional And Behavioral Reactions To Social Undermining: A Closer Look At Perceived Offender Motives, Craig Crossley
Emotional And Behavioral Reactions To Social Undermining: A Closer Look At Perceived Offender Motives, Craig Crossley
Department of Management: Faculty Publications
This study examined how perceptions of underlying offender motives affect victims’ emotional and behavioral reactions toward their offender. Perceived offender motives of malice and greed were embedded in a cognition–emotion–behavior model based on theories of attribution, forgiveness and revenge, and tested in the context of social undermining. Findings suggested that victims distinguished between offender malice and greed, and that these attributions shaped subsequent emotional reactions, which in turn demonstrated independent relations with revenge, avoidance, and reconciliation.
More Evidence On The Value Of Chinese Workers’ Psychological Capital: A Potentially Unlimited Competitive Resource?, Fred Luthans, James Avey, Rachel Clapp-Smith, Weixing Li
More Evidence On The Value Of Chinese Workers’ Psychological Capital: A Potentially Unlimited Competitive Resource?, Fred Luthans, James Avey, Rachel Clapp-Smith, Weixing Li
Department of Management: Faculty Publications
As China continues its unprecedented economic growth and emergence as a world power, new solutions must be forthcoming to meet the accompanying challenges. We propose a positive approach to Chinese HRM that recognizes, develops and manages the psychological capital (PsyCap) of workers. After providing a brief overview of hope, efficacy, optimism, resilience and overall PsyCap in today’s Chinese context, the results of a follow-up study provide further evidence that the PsyCap of Chinese workers is related to their performance. The implications that this evidencebased value of Chinese workers’ psychological capital has for China now and into the future concludes this …
A Gravity Model Of Immigration, Joshua Lewer, Hendrik Van Den Berg
A Gravity Model Of Immigration, Joshua Lewer, Hendrik Van Den Berg
Department of Management: Faculty Publications
This paper develops a gravity model of immigration. Tests of the model using panel data for 16 OECD countries for 1991–2000 confirm the model’s high explanatory power, and examples illustrate its usefulness for testing other hypothesized determinants of immigration.
Can Positive Employees Help Positive Organizational Change? Impact Of Psychological Capital And Emotions On Relevant Attitudes And Behaviors, James Avey, Tara S. Wernsing, Fred Luthans
Can Positive Employees Help Positive Organizational Change? Impact Of Psychological Capital And Emotions On Relevant Attitudes And Behaviors, James Avey, Tara S. Wernsing, Fred Luthans
Department of Management: Faculty Publications
Although much attention has been devoted to understanding employee resistance to change, relatively little research examines the impact that positive employees can have on organizational change. To help fill this need, the authors investigate whether a process of employees’ positivity will have an impact on relevant attitudes and behaviors. Specifically, this study surveyed 132 employees from a broad cross-section of organizations and jobs and found: (a) Their psychological capital (a core factor consisting of hope, efficacy, optimism, and resilience) was related to their positive emotions that in turn were related to their attitudes (engagement and cynicism) and behaviors (organizational citizenship …
Authentic Leadership: Development And Validation Of A Theory-Based Measure, Fred Walumbwa, Bruce Avolio, William Gardner, Tara Wernsing, Suzanne Peterson
Authentic Leadership: Development And Validation Of A Theory-Based Measure, Fred Walumbwa, Bruce Avolio, William Gardner, Tara Wernsing, Suzanne Peterson
Department of Management: Faculty Publications
This study developed and tested a theory-based measure of authentic leadership using five separate samples obtained from China, Kenya, and the United States. Confirmatory factor analyses supported a higher order, multidimensional model of the authentic leadership construct (the Authentic Leadership Questionnaire [ALQ]) comprising leader self-awareness, relational transparency, internalized moral perspective, and balanced processing. Structural equation modeling (SEM) demonstrated the predictive validity for the ALQ measure for important work-related attitudes and behaviors, beyond what ethical and transformational leadership offered. Finally, results revealed a positive relationship between authentic leadership and supervisor-rated performance. Implications for research and practice are discussed.