International Business Commons^™

The Role Of Politics And Corruption In The Rise Of The African Firm, Wedu Ketema, Howard Jean-Denis

Seaver College Research And Scholarly Achievement Symposium

Many African businesses lag in financial performance compared to the performance of companies in the West. Despite this, the continent’s economic output has continued to rise considerably in the past two decades, but many of these economic achievements have been discredited. Despite the West’s view of Africa as a continent unprepared for economic growth due to simmering conflict, threats of terror, and other barriers to business, African business has continued to boom. Over the past two decades, Africa has made massive strides to “catch up to the West.” In fact, according to experts, many countries in Africa have experienced what …

An Empirical Study To Understand The Effectiveness And Scope Of Blockchain Technology In Indian Public Sector, Radhakrishnan Airy, Hritika Gajarlawar, Nilay Bajaria, Ganesh Joshi

Walden Faculty and Staff Publications

The Blockchain is a distributed database that is maintained as Blocks and contains all transactions or digital occurrences. These are the records of transactions that take place between parties.Blockchain blocks are kept as blocks and shared among participants. Each Block is examined, validated, and saved by the parties who are a part of the system/network, each brick is unique and contains the details of a single transaction as well as the transaction's hash key. The study offers insights to researchers about the opportunity threat and future use of blockchain in the public sector.

A Review Of Nepali Diaspora And Their Role In Nepal’S Development And Lessons For Developing Countries, Ambika P. Adhikari

Himalayan Research Papers Archive

United Nations data shows that the size of global diaspora had reached 281 million in 2020, and it continues to grow. Diasporas have contributed significantly to the development of their native lands through remittance, technology and knowledge transfer, philanthropy, and diplomacy. Many countries have designed policies to engage the diaspora more deeply by providing concessional citizenship and visa regimes, and attractive investment opportunities. Yet, there is room for improvement in policies and programs to enhance these prospects.

Since the 2010s, the size and expanse of Nepali diaspora has grown dramatically, the numbers perhaps reaching 800,000 in 2022 in the more …

The Effects Of Institutions On Emerging Market Firms’ International Assignment Location Decisions, Iris Koleša, Anže Burger, Michael Dickmann

Economic and Business Review

We investigate international assignment (IA) location decisions of emerging market firms as determined by the institutional contexts of their home and host countries. Using an institutional perspective, assignment patterns of the entire firm population in Slovenia to either other emerging or developed host countries in Europe are analysed. The findings show that both institutional quality and distance influence expatriation flows in firms from a low quality institutional context. These firms expatriate more to markets with high quality institutions and choose host countries with higher rather than smaller institutional distance for their IAs. We refine institutional theory with respect to host …

The Role Of Economic Development On The Effectiveness Of Industrial Pollution Reduction Policy In Chinese Cities, Wei Wang, Haibo Wang, Jaime Ortiz, Bahram Alidaee, Bowen Sun

International Business and Entrepreneurship Faculty Publications

The societal impact of industrial pollution produced by economic activities is a global concern. This paper presents a causal analytic framework to evaluate the effectiveness of government policy on the reduction of industrial pollutants in 284 Chinese cities between 2005 and 2016. This study reports on the interaction between industrial pollution reduction and the level of regional economic development from four dimensions by using analysis of variance (ANOVA),multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA) and a bootstrap autoregressive-distributed lag (ARDL) test. The results indicate that city government policies, economic power, the influence of megacities, and the geographical region of the cities have …

Externalization In The Platform Economy: Social Platforms And Institutions, Liang Chen, Sali Li, Jiang Wei, Yang Yang

Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School Of Business

The growing platform economy has revived the debate on the applicability of internalization theory in contemporary contexts. In moving this debate forward, we draw on insights from hybrids research and property rights theory to complement the internalization school. Our core contribution lies in a reconceptualization of platforms as a hybrid organizational form enabling the exchange of property rights between platform owners and complementors. Using social platforms as an example, we propose that improvement in a host country's intellectual property protection will increase the multinational platform's (MNP) level of internalization, and that the platform firm's governance capabilities may weaken the effect …

Rare Earth Element Supply Chain: China’S Chokehold Creates A Dangerous Us Dependency, Sabrina Ellis

Research on Capitol Hill

USU senior Sabrina, a Cache Valley native, studies international business and got involved in research through the Center for Anticipatory Intelligence.Utah’s Silicon Slopes industry is dependent, like most US technology enterprises, on rare earth elements used to make critical computer components. China holds a near monopoly on these elements and could cause considerable damage to Utah’s economy if its government chose to restrict access to rare earth elements or faced supply chain issues. Sabrina has been studying steps the US can take to minimize the risks our tech industry would face if it lost access to these elements. Sabrina has …

Decision Making In International Supply Chain Investment, Noah Quint Curtin

Undergraduate Theses, Capstones, and Recitals

In this paper, supply chain decision-makers where and how to internationally invest into supply chains. I focus on outside institutional factors, and intra-firm behavioral factors that affect where and how they invest. I first review the literature on international investment at large. Later for my part of the research, I conduct a series of semi-structured interviews with international supply chain decision-maker primarily in Denver to better understand their processes. I find that they value business models higher than “hunches”, but also that tacit knowledge and relationships play an important role in their processes.

Reply To Komatsu Et Al.: From Local Social Mindfulness To Global Sustainability Efforts?, Niels J. Van Doesum, Ryan O. Murphy, Marcello Gallucci, Efrat Aharonov-Majar, Ursula Athenstaedt, Wing Tung Au, Liying Bai, Robert Böhm, Inna Bovina, Nancy R. Buchan, Xiao-Ping Chen, Kitty B. Dumont, Jan B. Engelmann, Kimmo Eriksson, Hyun Euh, Susann Fiedler, Justin Friesen, Simon Gächter, Camilo Garcia, Roberto González, Et. Al.

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Benchmarking Global Carrier Status In The Airline Industry, Darren Ellis, Steven Leib

Journal of Aviation Technology and Engineering

Over the past decade or so and through the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic, a number of airlines have risen to global prominence in Asia (especially China), the Middle East, Latin America, Africa, and elsewhere. As each develops, many industry observers are questioning the extent to which these airlines will rival current industry heavyweights around the world. This paper aims to provide a basis for assessing what constitutes a major global carrier in the airline industry, including the likelihood of being so in the foreseeable future. Three key metrics are employed to gauge the global reach of an airline and …

How Do Tourism Goal Disclosure Motivations Drive Chinese Tourists' Goal-Directed Behaviors? The Influences Of Feedback Valence, Affective Rumination, And Emotional Engagement, Lujun Su, Xiaojie Yang, Yinghua Huang

Faculty Research, Scholarly, and Creative Activity

Based on self-determination theory and the broaden-and-build theory of positive emotion, this study investigated the motivations of disclosing tourism goals on social media and its impacts on Chinese tourists' goal-directed behaviors (GDBs). We proposed and tested a mutual transformation model of tourism goal disclosure motivation under different conditions of feedback valence (positive vs. negative feedback) and examine the mediating role of tourists' affective rumination and emotional engagement. The results revealed that tourists driven by extrinsic motivations develop a stronger emotional engagement in their tourism goals and exhibit more GDBs after receiving positive feedback on their disclosed tourism goals. However, negative …

Corporate Characteristics And Implementation Of Integrated Reporting Framework Of Listed Oil And Gas Firms In Nigeria, Muyiwa E. Alade, Olubunmi M. Odugbemi

International Review of Business and Economics

The demand for better corporate information by various stakeholders across the globe has necessitated a paradigm shift from the traditional financial reporting to more comprehensive financial and non-financial information in a single report, known as integrated reporting. The aim of this study is to empirically investigate the effect of corporate characteristics (firm size, board size, share ownership structure and profitability) on the implementation of integrated reporting framework in listed oil and gas firms in Nigeria. A census sampling technique was adopted, using the total population of eleven (11) oil and gas firms listed on the Nigerian Stock Exchange as of …

On The Feasibility Of Speed Limits In Ocean Container Shipping, Manwo Ng

Information Technology & Decision Sciences Faculty Publications

The maritime industry is witnessing an increasingly loud call to contribute to the global trend towards environmental sustainability and decarbonization. One possible policy measure is the use of speed limits to reduce harmful emissions from ocean shipping. While the idea of slowing down ships to obey speed limits might seem intuitive, one key distinguishing characteristic of container shipping is that it is designed to adhere to a fixed, typically weekly, sailing schedule. This paper contributes to the literature investigating the feasibility of speed limits by demonstrating that speed limits are not always feasible in container shipping because of the rigid …

Trade Agreements In The Last 20 Years: Retrospect And Prospect For Agriculture / Les Accords Commerciaux Au Cours Des 20 Dernières Années : Rétrospective Et Perspectives Pour L’Agriculture / Handelsabkommen In Den Letzten 20 Jahren: Rückblick Und Ausblick Für Die Landwirtschaft, John C. Beghin, Jill O’Donnell

Yeutter Institute Publications

We provide an overview of major developments in multi-and plurilateral trade agreements over the last twenty years with a focus on the implications for agricultural and food markets. We take stock of what has been accomplished in market integration, remaining obstacles to trade, events that have changed the trade landscape, and emerging issues. Agricultural tariffs have fallen through commitments made in the Uruguay Round Agreement on Agriculture and through the proliferation of regional trade agreements (RTAs). Nevertheless, agricultural trade remains distorted with some extremely high tariffs. RTAs have achieved progress on nontariff measures and other beyond-the- border frictions. World Trade …

Would An India-Us Trade Agreement Be Beneficial For India?, Neetu Kaushik, Niloufer Sohrabji

International Review of Business and Economics

This paper examines the potential impact of an India-U.S. FTA on India’s trade. We use two approaches to estimate trade effects, compound annual growth analysis and Gravity model estimation. Our sample spans the period from 1992 to 2019 and consists of seven bilateral trade agreements and three multilateral trade agreements which include 24 countries as our treatment group. In both cases we compare the impact on India’s trade following a trade agreement with a control group which we create by including those countries whose trade share exceeds one percent of India’s total trade (in 2019). Our CAGR analysis shows that …

Walt Disney And China: How Glocalization Shaped Shanghai Disneyland, Becca Maclellan

Modern Languages, Philosophy and Classics Theses

This thesis applies the glocalization theory to a comparative study of the Disney theme parks in the United States and Shanghai, China. It argues that Walt Disney’s glocalization through integrating Chinese culture into the Shanghai Disney theme park brought commercial success to the company. Additionally, it also set up a good example for other businesses interested in global expansion.

The Portfolio Advantages Of Sukuk: Dynamic Correlations Between Bonds And Sukuk, Abdullah Alfalah, Simon Stevenson, Eamonn D'Arcy

Finance Faculty Publications

The growth of the Islamic finance sector has been well-documented. One of the most booming sectors has been Sukuk. According to several past studies, non-Islamic investors' interest in Sukuk is due, at least in part, to the diversification benefits that Sukuk provides in the context of a fixed-income portfolio. This paper compares a pair between Sukuk and Bonds in the Malaysian market issued by the same issuer to have an unbiased comparison. Using unconditional correlation methodology provides an initial examination of the relationship between the matched pairs. In addition, this paper adopts the standard GARCH-DCC approach of Engle (2002). This …

Factors Behind The Successful Positioning Of Mexico City As An International Contemporary Art Center, Alma Roberta Zertuche Cantu

MA Theses

The following thesis highlights the factors that have contributed to the successful positioning of Mexico City as an international contemporary art center. The city has expanded its artistic reach in the last few decades and its contemporary art market is now booming. The key to its successful positioning in the global art sphere lies in three main factors: collectors, galleries, and fairs. These art market players have had a significant role in the development of the city’s vibrant art scene and have worked to expand it internationally. This investigation aims to answer questions on how the stakeholders have raised international …

An Analysis Of Impacts Of Covid-19 On Salary Cap Allocation And Performance In The National Football League, Abai Houser

CMC Senior Theses

Professional sports are one of the most successful industries in the world. The live spectacle and in-person nature make sporting events a unique and individual experience. COVID-19 shifted how athletic events were operated, financed, and viewed, thereby changing leagues as well. The National Football League was one of the last sports to start its season during 2019 and 2020, setting the stage as the only league to not isolate its players in a safe operating space. This paper studies the effects of COVID-19 on the salary cap management of teams after the pandemic. The findings suggest that financial metrics analyzed …

In Search Of Unicorns: An Analysis Of Japan's Startup Ecosystem, Kaito Komoriya

CMC Senior Theses

While Japan previously dominated global consumer markets in innovative electronic products, the economy has failed to live up to this performance since the burst of the asset price bubble in 1992 and the subsequent lost decades. In the modern economy, startup companies have become synonymous with innovation. Most of these companies have emerged from Silicon Valley, as well as other startup hubs around the globe. However, critics have criticized Japan for the limited number of notable startup companies from the country.

My thesis seeks to answer the two following questions: First, what is the current state of Japan’s startup ecosystem? …

How A Supply Chain Stumble Changes A Company’S Policies And Progress 20 Years Later: A Case Study Of Gap Inc., Alexandra Futterman

CMC Senior Theses

Gap Inc. is the third-largest American retailer. Founded in 1969, Gap Inc. holds four brands, Gap, Banana Republic, Old Navy and Athleta. In the late 1990s and early 2000s Gap Inc. made headlines for child labor abuses along with many other large brands. After this negative attention, Gap Inc. began developing policies and practices to combat ethical supply chain issues. These policies included a Human Rights Policy, a Code of Vendor Conduct, working conditions standards, and even capacity building programs that boarded company reaches into communities they touch. In conjunction with the policies Gap Inc. has published several social responsibility …

Global Value Chain Embeddedness, Digital Economy And Green Innovation- Evidence From Provincial-Level Regions Of China, Hui Pan, Ji Yang, Haiyang Zhou, Xianrong Zheng, Feng Hu

Information Technology & Decision Sciences Faculty Publications

With globalization and digitalization, participating in Global Value Chain (GVC) and developing digital economy have had a profound impact, which transforms China’s economy into a green and innovative one. This paper studies the intrinsic influential mechanism of GVC embeddedness and digital economy on green innovation and proposes some research hypotheses. Based on panel data of 30 Chinese provinces from 2002 to 2016, we constructed some core indicators such as GVC embeddedness, digital economy and green innovation. The ordinary panel model and spatial panel model are used to empirically test the impact of GVC embeddedness and digital economy on China’s green …

Network Orientation, Organisational Improvisation And Innovation: An Empirical Examination, Ao Zhang, Weiyong Zhang

Information Technology & Decision Sciences Faculty Publications

In today's highly competitive world market, businesses can hardly maintain their competitiveness without strong innovation abilities. In the past, many Chinese enterprises have enjoyed success through imitation. But to continue to succeed in a global marketplace, they must develop ambidextrous innovation abilities. The resource‐based theory eloquently posits that competitive advantage is associated with different and heterogeneous resources. To obtain such resources, firms must establish an external network to acquire necessary knowledge and skills. In this paper, we develop a theoretical model linking network orientation, organisational improvisation, ambidexterity and competitive tension. We postulate that organisational improvisation has a mediating effect and …

Crisis Response In The Global Supply Chain Of The Fashion Industry, Caitlyn Arce

CMC Senior Theses

The fast fashion industry has developed a supply chain that optimizes profits by manufacturing garments from developing countries at extremely low costs. With consumer preferences pressuring brands to produce new cheap trends and products at rapid speed, the brunt of the costs is placed in countries where managers, suppliers, and governments turn a blind eye for the sake of economic stability and development. In moments of crisis, key players have chosen to respond in ways that reflect their priorities and incentives. Brands have reflected in their decision-making the influence of consumer demand and sensitivity to media through the risk of …

The Effects Of The Trump Tariffs And The Coronavirus Pandemic On The U.S. Bicycle Industry, Thurston Randolph Mann

Honors Theses and Capstones

No abstract provided.

School Choice Factors Influencing U.S. Domestic And International Student Pilots’ Selections Of Vocational Flight Schools, Jingmin Jin

Journal of Aviation/Aerospace Education & Research

As international civil aviation activities resume from the COVID-19 pandemic, along with fleet growth and high retirement rates for senior pilots, there is a concern about the industry’s capability in supplying sufficient numbers of competent professional pilots. In order to advance the industry’s recruitment, it is necessary to determine effective approaches that may attract prospective student pilots to flight schools. This study investigated how school choice factors influenced U.S. domestic student pilots’ selections of vocational, non-collegiate flight schools in comparison to international student pilots. The study data were adopted from a 2019 survey research, which included 157 domestic and 44 …

The Game Of Teaching Resource Allocation, Ryan Samuel Sale

International Business and Entrepreneurship Faculty Publications

In response to the increased prevalence of remote learning, and exhortation that educators adopt more experiential pedagogy, a methodology is presented to use a free, commercially available game to teach a variety of resource allocation problems in various disciplines. The use of games to provide experiential learning has been shown to increase student enjoyment and mastery of learning outcomes. The technique is appropriate for students at different levels from secondary school through graduate-level university instruction. The lack of cost to the student or university coupled with the ease of adaptability of the game makes the technique widely available to all …

Disparities In Demand For Covid-19 Hospital Care In The United States: Insights From A Longitudinal Hierarchical Study, Wolfgang Messner

Faculty Publications

Background and aims

This study examined disparities in hospitalization for COVID-19 within the U.S. by racial and ethnic groups, health insurance status, and social support structure.

Methods

Using publicly available ecological case and contextual data from July 2020 to April 2021, a longitudinal hierarchical model for the 51 U.S. states was constructed.

Results

Racial/ethnic disparities were observed, such as that hospitalization rates were higher in states with a higher percentage of Black (β = .002, P = .009) and American Indian or Alaska Native persons (β = .003, P = .03). Conversely, lack of health insurance was related …

Cargoes In Motion: Materiality And Connectivity Across The Indian Ocean, Burkhard Schnepel, Julia Verne

Ohio University Press Open Access Books

An innovative collection of essays that foregrounds specific cargoes as a means to understand connectivity and mobility across the Indian Ocean world.

Scholars have long appreciated the centrality of trade and commerce in understanding the connectivity and mobility that underpin human experience in the Indian Ocean region. But studies of merchant and commercial activities have paid little attention to the role that cargoes have played in connecting the disparate parts of this vast oceanic world. Drawing from the work of anthropologists, geographers, and historians, Cargoes in Motion tells the story of how material objects have informed and continue to shape …

China Inc. And The World's Response, Shaomin Li

Management Faculty Publications

This article is based on the author’s new book, China, Inc.: How the Chinese Communist Party Transformed China into a Giant Corporation (Cambridge University Press, 2022). The author argues that leveraging its absolute power, low human rights advantage, and tolerance by other countries, the Chinese Communist Party has transformed China into a giant corporation. Living, working, and investing are not rights but privileges granted by the party. The party is the management of China, Inc., with the politburo standing committee as the board of directors and the party’s general secretary as the CEO. The various ministries are the functional departments …