International Business Commons^™

Africa Meets America: The Impact Of Collectivism And Individualism On Attitude Towards Shopping, Charles Blankson, Thuy Nguyen, Esi A. Elliot, Sayed Abbas Ahmed, Pumela Msweli

International Business and Entrepreneurship Faculty Publications

The adoption of marketing strategy does not occur in cultural vacuums. Instead, marketing strategies unfold within social contexts that encode values, beliefs, and patterns of behavior. The increasingly inter-dependent global economy results in the acculturation of tensions between global and local consumer cultures. This dynamism however offers new opportunities for international firms to redefine and reevaluate their glocal (global/local) marketing strategies. Relying on Triandis cultural dimensions, this research contributes to international marketing literature by answering two key research questions, namely, what are the differences between African (Ghanaian) and American consumers’ cultural characteristics? and how do the cultural differences explain attitude …

The Role Of Economic Development On The Effectiveness Of Industrial Pollution Reduction Policy In Chinese Cities, Wei Wang, Haibo Wang, Jaime Ortiz, Bahram Alidaee, Bowen Sun

International Business and Entrepreneurship Faculty Publications

The societal impact of industrial pollution produced by economic activities is a global concern. This paper presents a causal analytic framework to evaluate the effectiveness of government policy on the reduction of industrial pollutants in 284 Chinese cities between 2005 and 2016. This study reports on the interaction between industrial pollution reduction and the level of regional economic development from four dimensions by using analysis of variance (ANOVA),multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA) and a bootstrap autoregressive-distributed lag (ARDL) test. The results indicate that city government policies, economic power, the influence of megacities, and the geographical region of the cities have …

The Game Of Teaching Resource Allocation, Ryan Samuel Sale

International Business and Entrepreneurship Faculty Publications

In response to the increased prevalence of remote learning, and exhortation that educators adopt more experiential pedagogy, a methodology is presented to use a free, commercially available game to teach a variety of resource allocation problems in various disciplines. The use of games to provide experiential learning has been shown to increase student enjoyment and mastery of learning outcomes. The technique is appropriate for students at different levels from secondary school through graduate-level university instruction. The lack of cost to the student or university coupled with the ease of adaptability of the game makes the technique widely available to all …

Linkages Between Share Pledging, Stock Price Risk And Profitability: Evidence From The P.R. China, Fengchao Li, Xing Zhang, Jaime Ortiz

International Business and Entrepreneurship Faculty Publications

Share pledging has become popular as a method of loan collateral among Chinese shareholders. Our research used a sample of Chinese listed firms between 2008–2018 and produced two main findings. Firstly, we found a negative association between stock price risk and firm profitability. Our second finding was that the interaction effect of share pledging and stock price risk is greater on firm profitability than the effect of stock price risk itself. We examined the role of share pledging by modeling pooled OLS and fixed effects using share pledging behavior, controlling shareholders’ share pledging and the share pledging ratio to reinforce …

The Multi-Skilled Multi-Period Workforce Assignment Problem, Haibo Wang, Bahram Alidaee, Jaime Ortiz, Wei Wang

International Business and Entrepreneurship Faculty Publications

Seasonal business operations hire workers depending on environmental conditions and market prices. For example, during the growing and harvest seasons, agricultural businesses employ multiple workers to perform activities such as tilling soil, sowing seed, spreading fertiliser, spraying pesticides, removing weeds, and threshing crops. This study proposes two mixed-integer programming (MIP) models with an effective heuristic to solve the problem of simultaneously assigning multiple multi-skilled workers to the numerous tasks that require different skill sets during single-and multiple-period operations. The multi-skilled workforce management (MSWM) problem is NP hard in the strong sense, and it seems unlikely that large-sized realistic instances could …

Assessing The Role Of Cyberbiosecurity In Agriculture: A Case Study, Tiffany Drape, Noah Magerkorth, Anuradha Sen, Joseph J. Simpson, Megan Seibel, Randall Steven Murch, Susan E. Duncan

International Business and Entrepreneurship Faculty Publications

Agriculture has adopted the use of smart technology to help meet growing food demands. This increased automation and associated connectivity increases the risk of farms being targeted by cyber-attacks. Increasing frequency of cybersecurity breaches in many industries illustrates the need for securing our food supply chain. The uniqueness of biological data, the complexity of integration across the food and agricultural system, and the importance of this system to the U.S. bioeconomy and public welfare suggests an urgency as well as unique challenges that are not common across all industries. To identify and address the gaps in awareness and knowledge as …

The Workplace Integration Of Veterans: Applying Diversity And Fit Perspectives, Jorge A. Gonzalez, Joseph J. Simpson

International Business and Entrepreneurship Faculty Publications

Military veterans are a valuable part of the human capital resource pool. Nonetheless, veterans often struggle with their transition into civilian life and workplaces. This problem often limits the extent to which work organizations utilize their talents. Here, we briefly review relevant work from outside the management field and nascent work within the field to build a conceptual model for understanding the integration of veterans into the workplace. We do this by applying diversity and person-environment fit perspectives. A diversity standpoint helps us to understand veterans as a social group and their inclusion in the workplace, while the person-environment fit …

Causality Between Actual And Expected Inflation In Central And Eastern Europe: Evidence Using A Heterogeneous Panel Analysis, Yingying Xu, Zhixin Lu, Chi-Wei Su, Jaime Ortiz

International Business and Entrepreneurship Faculty Publications

This study applies a panel Granger non-causality test to explore the causal relationships between actual and expected inflation in Czechia, Hungary, Latvia, Lithuania, Poland, and Romania. The empirical results for these Central and Eastern European (CEE) countries show significantly positive causalities running from actual to expected inflation. However, the effect of actual inflation on inflation expectation weakens in Hungary and Romania following a financial crisis, and causality is no longer significant for Czechia, Latvia, Lithuania, and Poland. Domestic policies remain important for the management of actual and expected inflation, regardless of the monetary policy regime adopted.

Competitive Advantages Of Cross-Border M&As To Non-Location-Bound Chinese Ict Firms, Yan Chen, Fei Li, Jaime Ortiz, Wenbo Guo

International Business and Entrepreneurship Faculty Publications

Cross-border mergers and acquisitions (M&As) undertaken by emerging market firms have been associated with competitive advantage. However, little research has focused on the transferability of this enhanced competitive advantage. Even less is known about the role played by state-owned enterprises. This paper investigates whether Chinese information and communications technology firms that undertake cross-border M&As can improve their non-location bound competitive advantage. We used cross-border data between 2010 and 2017 and propensity-score matching and differences-in-differences approaches. We found that cross-border M&As significantly improve the home-country-bound competitive advantage. However, the effect on non-location bound competitive advantage is not significant. From the perspective …

Economic Growth, Energy Consumption, And Carbon Dioxide Emissions In The E7 Countries: A Bootstrap Ardl Bound Test, Teng Tong, Jaime Ortiz, Chuanhua Xu, Fangjhy Li

International Business and Entrepreneurship Faculty Publications

Background

International awareness of the impact of global warming and climate change is increasing. Developing countries face the task of achieving sustainable economic growth while also improving the efficiency of their energy consumption. The E7 countries (Brazil, India, Indonesia, Mexico, People’s Republic of China, Russia, and Turkey) are all highly concerned with the promotion of carbon-emission-reduction strategies.

Methods

This research uses a bootstrap autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL) bound test with structural breaks to examine the cointegration and causality relations between economic growth, energy consumption, and carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions in the E7 countries.

Results

There is no cointegration between economic …

Social Media In Entrepreneurship Context, Leon Schjoedt, Malin E. Brännback, Alan L. Carsrud

International Business and Entrepreneurship Faculty Publications

In this introduction we set the stage for the chapters that make up this book. We have clustered the invited contributions in a manner that should facilitate reader’s understanding of social media within an entrepreneurial context. This volume is not intended to be an exhaustive review of the literature on social media nor is it an extensive review of the role social media plays in entrepreneurial ventures. What it does explore are various aspects of how the social media in the twenty-first century has impacted entrepreneurial behaviors. We hope these chapters will stimulate future research on social media in an …

Construction Of Open Innovation Ecology On The Internet: A Case Study Of Xiaomi (China) Using Institutional Logic, Jaime Ortiz, Hao Ren, Kei Li, An Zhang

International Business and Entrepreneurship Faculty Publications

The characteristics of collaborative innovation and interactions among core enterprises, users, and partners are critical. Research is lacking on how to construct open innovation ecology through institutional design. This study explores how core enterprises effectively motivate users and partners to participate in innovation activities on the Internet and successfully constructing open innovation ecology, using the institutional logic theory and an exploratory case study of Xiaomi, a famous Chinese Internet enterprise. The findings are as follows: (1) three main characteristics of innovation carried out by core enterprises, users, and partners in the open innovation ecology—iterative innovation, social innovation, and joint innovation; …

Reassurance Or Reason For Concern: Security Forces As A Crisis Management Strategy, Oliver Cruz-Milán, Joseph J. Simpson, Penny M. Simpson, Wonseok Choi

International Business and Entrepreneurship Faculty Publications

This paper examines effects of the deployment of security forces to a popular winter migrant destination faced with a unique humanitarian crisis situation. The study surveyed past winter migrants to the region to evaluate their perceptions regarding sociocultural, economic, and psychological impacts of security forces deployed to the region. In addition, this study evaluates the deployment's impact on satisfaction with life in the region, return intention and likelihood of recommending the region to others to find that perceived safety from the security forces significantly affected community factors and that satisfaction with life fully mediated community factor effects on destination loyalty. …

Diseño Y Validación De Un Modelo De Triple Hélice Para Impulsar La Innovación, El Desarrollo Tecnológico Y La Competitividad De La Micro Y Pequeña Empresa En Los Municipios De Torreón, Gómez Palacio Y Lerdo, Sylvia A. Robles Cárdenas

International Business and Entrepreneurship Faculty Publications

Existe en México una gran desvinculación entre la universidad, empresa y gobierno para alinear sus objetivos, aprovechar la acumulación de conocimiento y promover la innovación. El objetivo de este trabajo es diseñar y validar un modelo de innovación, competitividad y productividad para impulsar la micro y pequeña empresa (MYPE) lagunera a través del enfoque de Triple Hélice (TH), basado en diferentes autores (FondazioneRosselli, 1995; Leydesdorff, Yetzkowitz, 2001;) El diseño metodológico involucró una muestra representativa de 80 empresas de la Comarca Lagunera, la participación de profesores y estudiantes de la universidad Iberoamericana y el apoyo financiero de los presidentes municipales de …

Fragmentation And Segmentation: Marketing Global Benefits, Russell P. Adams

International Business and Entrepreneurship Faculty Publications

Though consumption culture and globalization are major themes impacting the modern landscape, there has been limited research in these areas due to, in part, the increasing fragmentation of markets. A case is made that the seemingly disparate views, cultural fragmentation and global segmentation can be harmonized. This paper presents a theoretical framework to understand how the fragmentation of markets and global segmentation strategies can be compatible. Due to the cultural convergence brought on by globalization and marketing intermediaries, global segments can be identified through the common needs sought by consumers.

The Effect Of Using E-Learning Tools In Online And Campus-Based Classrooms On Student Performance, Edith Galy, Clara Downey, Jennie Johnson

International Business and Entrepreneurship Faculty Publications

Creating an integrative research framework that extends a model frequently used in the Information Systems field, the Technology Acceptance Model, together with variables used in the Education field, this empirical study investigates the factors influencing student performance as reflected by their final course grade. The Technology Acceptance Model explains computer acceptance in general terms. The model measures the impact of external variables on internal beliefs, attitudes, and intentions. Perceived Usefulness and Perceived Ease of Use, two main constructs in the model, refer to an individual's perception of how the adoption of a new technology will increase their efficiency, and the …

International Strategic Alliances: Identifying Objective Performance Measures, Russell P. Adams, Clara Downey

International Business and Entrepreneurship Faculty Publications

With the acceleration of globalization, International Strategic Alliances (ISA) are increasingly playing a critical role in a firm’s strategic arsenal. Despite its importance, measuring an ISA’s success is difficult due to the reticence of failing partnerships to announce these issues. This paper presents an analysis of 29 alliances from 18 countries and 5 industries. The success or failure of these alliances was analyzed utilizing ROA, ROE, ROI, and operating margin as the variables of performance measurement. Discriminant Analysis demonstrates that operating margin correctly classifies the success of an alliance 70% of the time.

Does Within-Culture Variation Matter? An Empirical Study Of Computer Usage, Mark Srite, Jason Bennett Thatcher, Edith Galy

International Business and Entrepreneurship Faculty Publications

This article examines within-culture variance in the influence of values on perceptions and use of information technology (IT). Based on cross-cultural research, we suggest that cultural values influence technology acceptance and use. Specifically, we argue that masculinity/femininity and individualism/collectivism directly influence personal innovativeness with IT, computer anxiety, and computer self-efficacy, and have a mediated effect on perceived usefulness, perceived ease of use, and use of IT. Overall, analysis provides support for the research model. Our results suggest that masculinity/femininity influences computer selfefficacy, computer anxiety, and personal innovativeness with IT. We also offer implications for research and practice.

Recent Developments In Selected Asian Countries’ Bankruptcy Laws: Should Multinational Company Strategists Be Concerned, Jane Lemaster, Clara Downey, Francis J. Brewerton

International Business and Entrepreneurship Faculty Publications

This paper explains why multinational companies should be concerned about adjudication of international insolvencies. The Territorialism and Universalism Models of bankruptcy law are reviewed and employed as a backdrop to describe recent developments in the insolvency laws of four Asian nations. We conclude with an assessment of the status of the selected Asian nations’ insolvency laws, progress toward a uniform global system for resolving multinational insolvencies, and the strategic implications these developments hold for strategy formulation.

U.S.S. Online Education: Navigating The High Seas Of Large Classes, Jane Lemaster

International Business and Entrepreneurship Faculty Publications

Higher education has incorporated technology to the point of having 100% web-based degree programs composed of classes of geographically dispersed students taught by faculty from different universities that are also geographically dispersed. This kind of flexibility for learning opportunities is well on its way to being a standard option in education. But there are trade-offs and there are problems not yet solved. Increasing numbers of students create difficulties in managing interactions and challenges the quality and rigor that is possible in delivering the course. This paper presents a redesign option to manage the increasing enrollments in an online graduate level …

The Value Of A Simulation-Based Approach For Teaching Both Survey And Capstone Courses In Business, Jane Lemaster

International Business and Entrepreneurship Faculty Publications

A concern in business education is the ability of students to integrate knowledge of the functional areas of business into a meaningful, unified whole. This paper examines the use of a business simulation for teaching the entry-level business survey course and describes the use of the same simulation in the graduate level (MBA) capstone course. An analysis of the value of simulation as an appropriate teaching approach is made for both the survey course and the capstone course. The paper presents the literature on learning styles and preferences, a description of the simulation used, how the study was organized, and …

Analysis Of Bankruptcy Law Provisions In New Member Eu Countries: Global Competitive Strategy Implications For Multinational Corporations, Francis J. Brewerton, Jane Lemaster

International Business and Entrepreneurship Faculty Publications

Globalization has been responsible for a number of ongoing interrelated trends including an accelerated worldwide movement toward economic integration, an ongoing proliferation of new multinational corporations, a widening search for new economic opportunities by multinational corporations, and an increasing concern for and attention to bankruptcy as a contingency strategy for multinational corporations when primary strategies catastrophically fail. The economic benefits associated with the removal of trade barriers is also attracting new member countries to the EU and other trading blocks but these new member countries’ bankruptcy law provisions may have uncertain contingency strategy implications for MNC’s.

This paper comprises (1) …

Doing The Right Things In Mexico, Mary Gowan, Santiago Ibarreche, Charles Lackey

International Business and Entrepreneurship Faculty Publications

A recognized key to business success in an increasingly global economy is learning how to successfully adapt and manage in diverse locations. With the recent passage of the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA), more businesses are turning their attention to Mexico. In this interview, Lee Crawford, Managing Director of General Motors' Delphi Division, shares his experiences and perspectives on how to succeed when doing business in Mexico.