Business Law, Public Responsibility, and Ethics Commons^™

Center For Professional Ethics, Volume 2, Issue 4, 2000, Case Western Reserve University

Center for Professional Ethics

Table of Contents:

• Two Branches of the Ethics Family Tree: Edward Lawry named visiting Ethics Fellow
• Ethical Responsibilities in Higher Education: Experiential Learning as a Model for Reform
• When Push Come to Shove: Forced Treatment in the Community Setting
• Director's Corner: Surviving Survivor by Robert P. Lawry
• Summer 2000: News, Notes, and Future Events

A Review Of Empirical Studies Assessing Ethical Decision Making In Business, Terry W. Loe, Linda K. Ferrell, Phylis Mansfield

Faculty Publications

This article summarizes the multitude of empirical studies that test ethical decision making in business and suggests additional research necessary to further theory in this area. The studies are categorized and related to current theoretical ethical decision making models. The studies are related to awareness, individual and organizational factors, intent, and the role of moral intensity in ethical decision making. Summary tables provide a quick reference for the sample, findings, and publication outlet. This review provides insights for understanding organizational ethical decision constructs, where ethical decision making theory currently stands, and provides insights for future empirical work on organizational ethical …

How Children And Adolescents Relate To Nature, Patricia Nevers

Center for the Study of Ethics in Society Papers

Paper presented at the Center for the Study of Ethics in Society at Western Michigan University, September 21,1999.

Financial Information Resources For Special Librarians, Di Su

Publications and Research

Speed has always been a competitive factor and corporate asset in business world. The growth of the Internet has created an equal opportunity for information service professionals in both big and small companies to improve their efficiency. The prominent advantages of Web source are currency, accessibility, and thus, the speed. You are provided with instant updates on issues like rules, official statements, interpretations, statistics, etc., and these documents can be accessed twenty-four hours a day, seven days a week. There are so many valuable Web sites on the Internet that it is impossible to include them all in this article, …

The Development Of The 'Ethical' Ict Professional And The Vision Of An Ethical On-Line Society: How Far Have We Come And Where Are We Going?, Frances Grodzinsky

School of Computer Science & Engineering Faculty Publications

It has been a decade since Computer Ethics came into prominence within the field of computer science and engineering, changing not only the profession but the classroom as well. The commercialization and globalization of the World Wide Web has impacted us all, both producers and consumers alike. What was once the province of the few has become the virtual society of the multitudes. Ethical issues concerning security, privacy, information, identity, community and equity of access once contained and localized, have assumed additional complexity in the global environment. Every day, the front pages of our newspapers and magazines report violations of …

Center For Professional Ethics, Volume 2, Issue 3, 2000, Case Western Reserve University

Center for Professional Ethics

Table of Contents:

• Continuing The Observer Debate: A Panel Discussion on Law, Religion, and Homosexuality
• Thinking about Ethics: Quotable Quotes
• Kimberly Adams-Davis: From Cowboy Nurse to Primary Healthcare Advocate
• Three Judges Weigh In: The Art of Judging: How Do Judges Judge?
• Director's Corner: The Seven Deadly Sins Revisited by Robert P. Lawry
• Spring 2000: News, Notes, and Events

Pain In Farm Animals, L. U. Sneddon, Michael J. Gentle

Farm Animal Welfare Collection

This review will address how we can measure pain in farm animals and discuss the major causes of acute pain and also chronically painful conditions, and finally make suggestions for future improvements. Pain is a relatively difficult concept to define since it comprises both a physiological sensory and a psychological or emotional component. Pain is the subjective interpretation of nerve impulses induced by a stimulus that is actually or potentially damaging to tissues. The sensation of pain is a response to a noxious stimulus and should elicit protective motor (e.g. withdrawal reflex, escape) and vegetative responses (e.g. cardiovascular responses, inflammation). …

The Strategic Organization Of Global Law Firms : Perceptions From Inside And Outside The Firm, Carol M. Sanchez

Peer Reviewed Articles

During the past decade, the legal services industry has undergone a sea change, in large part due to the globalization of business. Law firms, especially those headquartered in major financial centers, are expanding overseas at a fast and furious pace in an attempt to accommodate their clients’ needs and to capture a share of new and emerging markets for legal services. The increasing importance of the European Union as a new source of pan-European or “federal” law, and the establishment of a common currency, the Euro, has spurred many firms to open offices in Brussels, Frankfurt and other centers of …

Genetically Modified Foods And Organisms: What In The World ...?, Bridget M. Lyons, Teresa Ralabate, Marion Calabrese, Linda Hadfield

WCBT Faculty Publications

This paper examines the current controvery over genetically modified organisms and foods and compares the regulatory response in the United States, European Union and United Kingdom.

Center For Professional Ethics, Volume 2, Issue 2, 2000, Case Western Reserve University

Center for Professional Ethics

Table of Contents:

• Don't Lump Press in with Media: Ted Gup Speaks about Journalism's Bad Press
• Thinking about Ethics: Quotable Quotes
• The Dark Days of France: A Look at Vichy Law, Part II
• Director's Corner: Not Allowed to Shrug by Robert P. Lawry
• News, Notes, and Events

Browsers Beware: Avoiding Legal Entanglements On The Internet, Michael Zugelder, Theresa Flaherty, James Johnson

Finance Faculty Publications

When Chicago resident David Loundy ordered a compact disk on the Internet from a British Web site, he received an e-mail confirming his order. Loundy expected to pay the advertised price of £8.99, or about $14. When he was subsequently charged £12.99, Loundy was incensed. He argued that he had accepted the set price of £8.99 and insisted that he pay no more for the disk. But when Loundy filed suit in England under the Consumer Protection Act of 1987, he was told that the Act did not apply to him because, under English common law, the place of the …

If Deliberative Democracy Is The Solution, What Is The Problem?, Emily Hauptmann

Center for the Study of Ethics in Society Papers

Presented March 18, 1999 for the Center for the Study of Ethics in Society.

Gun Control, Hugh Lafollette

Center for the Study of Ethics in Society Papers

Presented October 22, 1998 for the Center for the Study of Ethics in Society.

The Problem With "All For One And One For All" Expectations: Differential Effects Of Race And Commitment In The Workplace, James R. Jones

Marketing and Management Faculty Proceedings & Presentations

“The examples cited here reinforce the need for theoreticians and practitioners alike to consider the difficulties that may arise from viewing people through a single lens.” As far back as 1968, with the findings of the Kerner Commission, there have been reports of "two Americans, separate and unequal." Indeed, the recent commission on race formed by President Clinton reached much the same conclusion. While three decades separate the work of two groups, the main inference drawn is strikingly consistent with regard to race. There is a persistent chasm in how majority group and minority group members view and are viewed …

Center For Professional Ethics, Volume 2, Issue 1, 1999, Case Western Reserve University

Center for Professional Ethics

Table of Contents:

• A Look at Vichy Law
• Notice: The Center Launches Website
• Director's Corner: Tinkering with the Machinery of Death by Robert P. Lawry
• Ethics Events
• Ethics Updates
• News and Notes

Center For Professional Ethics, Volume 1, Issue 4, 1999, Case Western Reserve University

Center for Professional Ethics

Table of Contents:

• CPE Celebrates Success With Rosenberg Project "Drama Discussions"
• Ethics Fellow Sadowsky Wins Award and Nomination
• Guest Director's Corner: Gift and Commodity by Edward Lawry
• Ethical Russian Entrepreneurship: Does It Exist?
• News and Notes

A Proposal To Eliminate Director Standards From The Model Business Corporations Act, D. Gordon Smith

Faculty Scholarship

The Committee on Corporate Laws of the Business Section of the American Bar Association recently adopted amendments to the section of the Model Business Corporation Act (MBCA) enunciating standards of director performance. In place of the current section 8.30, which has been adopted by 42 states, the Committee has adopted two sections - one defining a standard of conduct and one defining a standard of liability for corporate directors. This paper argues that these new standards do not achieve the goals of bifurcation. Moreover, if adopted and used, the new standards will engender confusion and possibly inequitable results. This paper …

Team Production In Venture Capital Investing, D. Gordon Smith

Faculty Scholarship

Entrepreneurs and venture capitalists engage in team production. Inherent in team production is an incentive problem: team members have an incentive to shirk. The incentive to shirk derives from the inability to monitor team members perfectly and compensate them based on productivity. Economic models of team production teach that solutions to shirking must involve (1) a principal (2) with authority to break the budget by realigning the claims of team members through use of a penalty or a bonding arrangement (3) based only on observations of team output, not on monitoring of individual inputs. This paper analyzes the team production …

Just Say 'No', Mark S. Beasley, Joseph V. Carcello, Dana R. Hermanson

Faculty Articles

The article discusses the prevention of financial fraud within corporations and businesses in the United States. The types of individuals named in the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) files are examined. Different fraud techniques are looked at, including sham sales, the recording of conditional sales, and unauthorized shipments. The author discusses the status of firms after fraud disclosure and the implications it has for finance professionals.

The Chiquita Case: A Lot Of Banana Oil?, Ibpp Editor

International Bulletin of Political Psychology

This article focuses on an aspect of substantive law that may unnecessarily impede the social benefits derived from investigative reporting and protect transgressors of the social contract. The article stems from a legal case that originated from allegations by an investigative reporter about misbehavior on the part of Chiquita Brands International Inc. However, the article does not describe the allegations nor take a position on their validity.

An Invitation To A Side Bet, Shiv Visvanathan

IIMB Management Review

With the grand egalitarian dreams of the 20th century having fizzled out, the world seems marching swiftly to marko-topia. The world of the market is often confused with the world of democracy. Shiv Visvanathan, of the Centre for the Study of Developing Societies, New Delhi, hauls the modern businessman over the coals for having abdicated his larger humanistic responsibilities. The corporate world must question its notion of justice and the bankruptcy of its moral imagination and repay its debts to the environment that has sustained it.

Management And Morality: By Patrick Maclagan, New Delhi: Sage Publications,1998, R C Sekhar

IIMB Management Review

No abstract provided.

The Practitioner From Within: Revisiting The Virtues, Frances Grodzinsky

School of Computer Science & Engineering Faculty Publications

Traditionally the study of computer ethics involves taking students who are not philosophically trained, exposing them to action-guiding theories, presenting them with the codes of ethics of several companies and professional organizations and asking them to make ethical decisions in scenario-based cases. This approach is deliberately action-based and focuses on doing. "What would you do?" is the traditional question we ask our students. While this pedagogical methodology forces them to examine situations and argue from a particular point of view, it does little to influence their character. They see the utilitarian or deontologist as someone other than themselves. There seems …

Center For Professional Ethics, Volume 1 Issue 3, 1999, Case Western Reserve University

Center for Professional Ethics

Table of Contents:

• Richard Weisberg; author & scholar, to address CWRU
• Update on Ethics Fellows and Associates
• Regulating Ethics
• Porn on Campus: What are the Issues?
• Director's Corner by Robert P. Lawry
• CWRU Says Good-bye to Tom Murray ....With a Smile
• News and Notes

Self-Construal Orientation: Validation Of An Instrument And A Study Of The Relationship To Leadership Communication Style, Craig E. Johnson

Faculty Publications - College of Business

The purpose of this study was twofold: (a) to test rigorously the measurement equivalence of the Independent and Interdependent Self-Construal Scales (Gudykunst et al., 1994) across three cultural groups and for males and females, and (b) to determine the comparative amount of varianc,e in self-perceived leadership communication style that can be predicted by self-construal orientation, culture, and biological sex. College students from the United States (n = 224), New Zealand (n = 218), and the former Soviet republic of Kyrgyzstan (n = 228) responded to the self-construal scales and the Leader Behavior Description Questionnaire (Hemphill & Coons, 1957). Results of …

Review Of: Federal Judge's Desk Reference To Environmental Economics (John A. Baden, Ed.; Pacific Research Institute 1998), Edward J. Hendrick Jr.

RISK: Health, Safety & Environment (1990-2002)

Review of the book: Federal Judge's Desk Reference to Environmental Economics (John A. Baden, ed.; Pacific Research Institute 1998). Dedication, forward, glossary, section introductions. LC 98-9206; ISBN 0-936488-84-0. [324 pp. paper. 755 Sansone Street, Ste. 450, San Francisco, CA. 94111. http:// www.pacificserch.org].

Understanding Research On Values In Business: A Level Of Analysis Framework, Bradley R. Agle, Craig B. Caldwell

Scholarship and Professional Work - Business

Researchers in all management specialties have discussed and investigated the important role values play in personal and organizational phenomena. However, because research on values has been performed in a wide range of social science disciplines and at different levels of analysis, much of thiswork has been uninformed by other work and is neither well integrated nor systematized, resulting in a great deal of confusion concerning the topic. This article attempts to add order and clarity to this area of research by proposing a framework of values research based on level of analysis and by cataloguing and reviewing the vast theoretical …

Positively Influencing Physicians: The Levers Of Influence, William Martin

College of Business Faculty and Staff Works

No abstract provided.

A Case Study Of Bioengineering In America: Profits, Risks And Standards Of Value In The Commercialization Of Monsanto Company's Newleaf Potato, Bridget Lyons, Teresa Ralabate, Nadhim Frangul

WCBT Faculty Publications

Last year, approximately 45 million acres of American farmland were planted with crops that had been genetically engineered to either produce their own pesticides, or withstand herbicides. The long and short-term effects of this biotechnology on humans and the environment, are being studied, but remain unknown. Leading the way in the field of bioengineered crops is the Missouri-based Monsanto Company. Monsanto believes that current agricultural practices are inconsistent with sustainable development. The NewLeaf potato is one of three products Monsanto has created to feed the growing world population. The genetically engineered crop produces, in every cell of the plant, a …

Enhancing The Auditor's Fraud Detection Ability: An Interdisciplinary Approach, Maria Krambia Kapardis

Theses: Doctorates and Masters

A contemporary issue of concern to both external auditors and financial statement users is fraud-detection by auditors. The ability of auditors to detect material irregularities, including fraud, should be enhanced to enable them to apply "reasonable skill and care" in carrying out the audit. Such proficiency in fraud detection is needed if the profession is to avoid costly litigation, ever-increasing indemnity insurance and erosion of the profession's credibility. The thesis maintains that such enhancement can be achieved if auditors both utilise knowledge about the aetiology of fraud in psychology, sociology and criminology as well as by synthesising a broad range …