Agribusiness Commons^™

The Effect Of Stress On Livestock And Meat Quality Prior To And During Slaughter, Temple Grandin

International Journal for the Study of Animal Problems

The effects of stress on cattle, pigs and sheep prior to slaughter are reviewed. Long-term preslaughter stress, such as fighting, cold weather, fasting and transit, which occurs 12 to 48 hours prior to slaughter depletes muscle glycogen, resulting in meat which has a higher pH, darker color, and is drier. Short-term acute stress, such as excitement or fighting immediately prior to slaughter, produced lactic acid from the breakdown of glycogen. This results in meat which has a lower pH, lighter color, reduced water binding capacity, and is possibly tougher. Psychological stressors, such as excitement and fighting, will often have a …

Sheep Mulesing And Animal Lib, Nancy Heneson

International Journal for the Study of Animal Problems

The practice of mulesing sheep to prevent blowfly strike has recently come under fire from the Animal Liberation movement in Australia. Although it is only one of the many issues which Animal Lib has raised in its campaign to reform various sectors of the livestock industry, it is particularly illustrative of the kinds of conflicts in world view which arise when animal rights activists turn the spotlight on the farming establishment. Spokesmen for the livestock industries are quick to stress the emotional and sometimes sensational portrayal by Animal Libbers of time-honored animal management practices, as well as the sinister role …

Emergency Feed Grain Storage For New England, William J. Hanekamp, Stanley K. Seaver

Storrs Agricultural Experiment Station

No abstract provided.

Economic Appraisal Of Water Transportation Of Feed Grain To New England, An, John Barton, Stanley K. Seaver, William J. Hanekamp

Storrs Agricultural Experiment Station

No abstract provided.

Bruises And Carcass Damage, Temple Grandin

International Journal for the Study of Animal Problems

Bruising and carcass damage is a major source of financial loss to slaughterhouses in the United States, approximately $46 million per annum. The absence of easily administered tests to determine where and/or when bruising occurs results in the slaughter plant absorbing carcass damage costs. Rough, abusive handling of livestock accounts for over half of all bruising. Injuries occur through overuse of persuaders, careless transport methods, and faulty equipment. Other elements relevant to carcass loss include branding cattle, abscesses, spreader and crippling injuries, sickness and death during extreme weather conditions, and carcass shrink. The 1979 regulations under the Humane Methods of …

Effect Of Size And Type Of Operation On The Cost Of Producing Eggs In Connecticut, The, Donald G. Stitts, Eisenhower J. Douglas

Storrs Agricultural Experiment Station

No abstract provided.

Low Cost Fencing, Department Of Agriculture, Western Australia

Journal of the Department of Agriculture, Western Australia, Series 4

Fences with more wire and posts are not necessarily stronger.

Design using high tensile wire can save on materials and reduce costs.

The Oombulgurri Project Clancy Committee Report, D J. Clancy, P Mccosker, C Mayberry, A J. Millington, P Ryan

All other publications

In early August the Oombulgurri community requested assistance in the following terms.

"On behalf of the Oombulgurri Community, we invite assistance in developing the grain and pasture cropping at Oombulgurri. We have experimented with peanuts, sorghum, and many varieties of vegetables. This has tested the reality of hopes to expand acreage and varieties to become self-sufficient in stock feed. The Farm and Garden Guild now needs the expertise of your services to plan a four-year programme. vie need assistance in choosing from the many options, opinions and advices available from Australia and elsewhere, for grain production, pastures, methods appropriate to …

Bulletin No 3863 - Plants Which Cause Kimberley Horse Disease, A. L. Payne

Bulletins - 3000 - 3999

Crotalaria crispata and Crotalaria retusa (Rattlepod), two plants responsible for Kimberley horse disease*, are, unfortunately, fairly widespread throughout the Kimberleys. Both species are apparently toxic in all stages of growth.

This bulletin is to assist pastoralists to:-

• Identify the two plants;

• Recognise the type of country and conditions under which they grow; and

• Locate horse paddocks on country where the plants are least likely to occur.

Cost Of Treating Wastewater From Poultry Processing Plants, The, W. Davis Folson, Robert L. Leonard

Storrs Agricultural Experiment Station

No abstract provided.

Bulletin 3984 - Meat Ducks In W.A., T. J. Purling

Bulletins - 3000 - 3999

While the duck industry in the Eastern States of Australia has used several breeds, Western Australia has until recently relied on the Muscovy. Most overseas countries with well developed meat duck industries have used the Muscovy only to a minor extent.

The Australian Pekin has been established in W.A. as an important meat breed since 1967/68, being suited to the production of large numbers of small carcass ducks throughout the year.

The Muscovy is still used for the large carcass trade, particularly at the Christmas and Easter seasons.

Bulletin 3955 - The Sheep Skin Industry In W.A., H. E. Fels

Bulletins - 3000 - 3999

The sheep skin industry is larger than most people realise. Its importance is shown by F.O.B. values of sheep skin exports from Australia in 1972/73, compared with sheep meats, wheat and iron ore,

F.O.B, values of exports - Australia, 1972/73

Sheep skins, with and without wool on $110 million

Mutton and lamb Exports $119 million

Wheat $274 million

Iron ore and concentrates $439 million

Bulletin No 3963 - Raising Quail, P Smetana

Bulletins - 3000 - 3999

Quail were first domesticated about a thousand years ago, but it was not until the beginning of this century that they were used for meat and egg production.

Commercial quail production is common in many parts of Asia, particularly where there are Chinese communities. In 1965, it was reported that the quail industry in Japan was second in size only to that of the domestic fowl in terms of avian species. Fried or roasted quail and hard boiled eggs are commonly offered for sale in various parts of Asia. Quail eggs are also sought after for sharks fin soup.

A …

Partial Budgeting For Sheep Farmers, J W. Malcolm

Farm Systems and Economics published reports

A Programmed Text.

A Programmed instruction workbook.

*The first 11 pages are adapted from J.B. Bardsley's "How to make more profit on dairy farms".

This book is designed to show you how to draw up partial budgets.

If you are like most farmers you are probably searching for different ways of running your farm to increase farm income. Choices between alternatives are very difficult, and require a great deal of careful thought and planning, especially where large cash outlays are involved. But to decide how, where and what to produce with any confidence you need to consider all the physical …

Partial Budgeting For Dairy And Beef Farmers, Department Of Agriculture, Western Australia

Farm Systems and Economics published reports

A Programmed text.

A PROGRAMMED INSTRUCTION WORKBOOK.

This book is designed to show you how to draw up partial budgets.

If you are like most farmers you are probably searching for different ways of running your farm to increase farm income. Choices between alternatives are very difficult, and require a great deal of careful thought and planning, especially where large cash outlays are involved. But to decide how, where and what to produce with any confidence you need to consider all the physical and financial angles. Doing this in your head, or on the back of an envelope is hard, …

Management Policies For Increasing Sheep Turnoff, T Marshall

Journal of the Department of Agriculture, Western Australia, Series 4

An increase in the proportion of mated ewes in West Australian flocks could increase the number of sheep available for sale, without greatly affecting total sheep numbers or reducing farm income. This would help overcome a critical sheep shortage.

Farm Operations Management, H E. Fels, A. W. Hogstrom

Journal of the Department of Agriculture, Western Australia, Series 4

The main defence of Australian farmers against the cost-price squeeze has been to increase productivity. The tendency is to run more and more stock per man and to grow more crop per man.

Some farmers run unusually large numbers of animal units per man-year.

The operations of 16 such farmers over one year were examined to find out whether it had been profitable for them to reduce labour inputs to such an extent.

A Handbook For The Financial Control Of The Station Business, J G. Morrissey, R B. Hacker

Farm Systems and Economics published reports

The essence of good business management is planning, budgeting and financial control. This booklet is designed to help you use these business management techniques in your station business.

By concentrating on this aspect of the management of your station you can receive the best possible income permitted within the framework of wool and meat prices, cost structure and seasons.

The completed booklet will give you an inventory of your station resources and enable you to plan your production making best use of these resources.

Planning and budgeting within the station business are often dismissed as worthless. The reason given for …

Bulletin No 3609 - Land Development In The South Eastern Wheatbelt, G T. Halpin, P. Nelson

Bulletins - 3000 - 3999

Interest in the development of light lands in the south-eastern wheatbelt was spurred by the many ex-servicemen seeking farms after the 1939-45 World War.

Previous attempts to develop this area had been frustrated by poor crop yields, and by the poor carrying capacity of those volunteer pastures which developed on cleared land.

Research into reasons for the poor crop results was begun in 1948-49 with trials sown by Messrs Smith and Halpin between Borden and Lake Grace. The results clearly showed the important role played by copper and zinc in successful crop growth. Since then, field trials have been conducted …

Bulletin No 3547 - Kimberley Research Station - Progress Report 1968, Western Australian Department Of Agriculture

Bulletins - 3000 - 3999

Rivers flowing to the Gulf of Carpentaria and the Timor Sea have been estimated by hydrologists to carry about three times the water transported annually over the Murray drainage system and the South Eastern slopes which, together, comprise the highly settled agricultural areas of South Eastern Australia.

In 1945, the North Australian Development Committee recommended research in the Ord-Victoria rivers region as a first step toward ultimate agricultural development of this Northern potential and, in 1946, the Kim- berley Research Station commenced operations under the joint control of the Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization and the Western Australian Department …

Sheep Programmes For Esperance Settlers With Limited Finance, R J. Doyle, G. D. Oliver

Journal of the Department of Agriculture, Western Australia, Series 4

FARMING in the Esperance region has now passed through the phase of experimentation into the phase of consolidation.

But not all new settlers are prosperous.

On occasions, a lifetime ambition to own and operate a farm has ended in failure because the settler has been forced through economic circumstances to give up his block.

Too often this follows the unequal struggle of trying to develop a block with too little capital.

Rules Of The Western Australian Pure Bred Dairy Cattle Production Recording Scheme, Department Of Agriculture, Western Australia

Journal of the Department of Agriculture, Western Australia, Series 4

REVISION of these rules was necessary because of the amalgamation of the field work with that of Grade Herd Recording.

Adjustments have been made to facilitate more expeditious handling of records in the Department's Head Office.

Other minor changes have been made to bring the rules into line with present day practice.

Breeding Records For Dairy Cattle, P B. Lewis

Journal of the Department of Agriculture, Western Australia, Series 4

A N Y business needs records to show up inefficiencies and to indicate where and/or when danger points are being reached.

One record which can be of much use to the dairy farmer is the cow breeding record.

Does Herd Recording Help Farmers Improve Husbandry, Maurice C. Cullity

Journal of the Department of Agriculture, Western Australia, Series 4

THE proportion of the dairy herds throughout Australia that are being production recorded is low.

This is particularly surprising when the large amount of propaganda encouraging farmers to herd test is considered.

Cull Your Dairy Cows On Production, R A. Bettenay

Journal of the Department of Agriculture, Western Australia, Series 4

Good production and breeding records are essential to allow effective culling of dairy cows, says Busselton Agricultural Adviser R. A. Bettenay, B.Sc. (Agric.) in this article, in which he outlines points to take into account when culling the herd.

Pigs On The Dairy Farm : Records Show State Of The Business, P C. Beck

Journal of the Department of Agriculture, Western Australia, Series 4

HOW many pig raisers have even a rough idea of their margin of profit from pigs?

Even in the present time of low returns, the answer is obviously "far too few".

Hold On To Your Egg Profits, J A. Hoy

Journal of the Department of Agriculture, Western Australia, Series 4

IN recent years, much sound advice has been made available to poultry farmers to assist them in developing their properties and operating them on profitable lines.

Much of this advice has been utilised to good advantage, but there are still many properties on which the profits are being reduced by feed wastage, damage by rats and mice, lack of sufficient attention to egg quality, unnecessarily high labour costs and failure to keep farm records.

Animal Division Moves To South Perth, Department Of Agriculture, Western Australia

Journal of the Department of Agriculture, Western Australia, Series 4

THE Animal Division of the Department of Agriculture — which includes the Veterinary Branch, the Animal Health and Nutrition Laboratories and the Poultry Branch—was transferred to new premises at Jarrah Road, South Perth, early in July.

Artificial Insemination Of Turkeys, H. L. Wiegers

Nebraska Agricultural Experiment Station: Historical Circulars

Artificial insemination should be used for turkeys when results from natural matings are unsatisfactory. There is no hard and fast fertility rule to follow and each breeder will have his own basis of appraisal for the different varieties of turkeys. But one can say that when fertility drops below 65 per cent it is time to take action.

Electric Chick Brooding Studies, F. D. Yung, F. E. Mussehl

Nebraska Agricultural Experiment Station: Historical Circulars

Perhaps one of the most valuable lessons to be learned from a study of chick brooding is that good results can often be obtained in more ways than one. In carrying on work with electric brooders at the Nebraska Agricultural Experiment Station, special attention has been given to such factors as insulation and to other details of design which effect economy of operation and ease of construction. Low cost rather than "cheapness" has been the ideal. The work has been cooperative between the Agricultural Engineering Department and the Poultry Husbandry Department of the University of Nebraska.