Accounting Commons^™

Modern Costing Strategies For Improved Profitability In Small- And Medium-Sized Businesses, Jennifer Kelly Demoras

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Small- and medium-sized enterprise (SME) accounting managers use little to no modern costing strategies which can negatively impact profitability. Advances in technology, innovations in product design, and increases in globalization mean SMEs could benefit from modernizing their internal costing systems. This study is important to SME accounting managers because of offering new information and practical methods that SMEs might use for improved profitability. Grounded in the contingency theory of management accounting, the purpose of this qualitative multiple case study was to explore the modern costing strategies SME accounting managers used to improve profitability. Seven SME owners, CFOs, and administrators who …

Relationship Between Csr Reporting, Csr Indices, And Financial Performance Of Hardware And Software Organizations, Cesar Castellanos

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Organizational leaders around the world spend millions of dollars on ineffective corporate social responsibility (CSR) programs and CSR reporting strategies. Understanding the relationship between CSR reporting, CSR indices (CSRi), and financial performance is necessary to minimize unnecessary expenditures among organizational leaders. The purpose of this quantitative correlational study, grounded in Frederick’s CSR theory and Freeman’s stakeholder theory, was to examine the relationship between CSR reporting, CSRi, and financial performance of hardware and software organizations. Data were collected from the Security Exchange Commission and the official websites of 25 hardware and software organizations that were part of Fortune 500 between the …

Strategies To Mitigate The Effects Of Identity Theft In The Hospitality Industry, Patricia Lee Jirsa

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Leaders in the U.S. hospitality industry experience significant losses in profitability, increased mitigation cost, and reduced revenues because of business and consumer identity theft. Grounded in the fraud triangle theory and the fraud diamond theory, the purpose of this qualitative multiple-case study was to explore strategies leaders in the hospitality industry use to mitigate identity theft. A purposeful sample of 5 leaders of 5 different hospitality businesses in Montana participated in the study. Data were collected through semistructured interviews, member checking, and a review of company documents. During data analysis using Yin’s 5-step process, 3 key themes emerged: a new …

Strategies For Improving Accounting Controls For Donations To Nonprofit Organizations, Heartwill Nana Serwah Doughan

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Many nonprofit organizations (NPOs) lack strategies to develop and maintain adequate accounting controls, thereby decreasing donations and organizational sustainability. Leaders of NPOs rely on donations to operate programs effectively and remain sustainable using adequate accounting controls. Grounded in the strategic management theory, the purpose of this qualitative, single case study was to identify strategies that NPO leaders used to improve their accounting controls to maintain and demonstrate financial stability. The participants comprised 4 leaders of an NPO located in Kansas and New Hampshire in the United States who had developed and maintained accounting controls to facilitate an increase in donations …

Strategies Small Business Owners Use To Access Working Capital To Fund Operations, Michael Patrick Belleman

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Many small business owners encounter a lack of access to traditional bank funding that limits the owner’s ability to meet working capital shortages to sustain operations. Grounded in the resource-based view, the purpose of this qualitative multiple case study was to explore strategies that small, home health care agency owners use to access working capital lending sources to finance their operations. The participants comprised 3 owners of small home health agencies in Wayne County, Macomb County, and St. Clair County, Michigan, who developed and implemented successful strategies to obtain working capital. Data were collected through semistructured interviews using open-ended questions, …

Strategies For Increasing Revenues For Sun Belt National Hockey League Teams, Dewey Gantz

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Failure to increase revenues negatively impacts the sustainability and viability of businesses on a long-term basis. Some organizational leaders of the United States Sun Belt National Hockey League (NHL) teams do not possess the skills or experiences to take advantage of the opportunities developed from successful business applications to increase revenues. Grounded in Porter's 5 forces model and Porter's competitive strategy theory, the purpose of this qualitative multiple case study was to explore strategies used by organizational leaders of Sun Belt hockey teams to increase revenues. The participants comprised 5 organizational leaders from NHL teams located in Sun Belt locations …

Cross-Industry Information Sharing And Analyst Performance, Allen Huang, An-Ping Lin, Amy Zang

Research Collection School Of Accountancy

This study shows that analyst research benefits from the sharing of information about economically connected industries among colleagues. Measuring the intensity of potential information sharing with the level of economic connection between an analyst’s industry and her colleagues’ industries, we find that it is positively correlated with an analyst’s earnings forecast accuracy, stock recommendation profitability, coverage breadth, and report frequency after controlling for other determinants including broker or analyst fixed effects. We also find that analysts are more likely to issue reports when highly connected colleagues produce information. We show that sharing information with colleagues covering downstream (upstream) industries benefits …

Information Externalities And Voluntary Disclosure: Evidence From A Major Customer’S Earnings Announcement, Young Jun Cho, Yongtae Kim, Yoonseok Zang

Research Collection School Of Accountancy

We examine the relation between information externalities along the supply chain and voluntary disclosure. Information transfers from a major customer's earnings announcement (EA) can substitute for its supplier's disclosure. Conversely, if the customer's EA increases uncertainties regarding the supplier's future prospects, it can increase the demand for disclosure. After controlling for information incorporated in supplier returns, we find that the supplier is more likely to issue earnings guidance after the customer's EA when the EA news deviates more from the market's expectation. The positive effect of the customer's news on earnings guidance is weaker when common investors, supply-chain analysts, or …

The Relevance Of Non-Financial Key Performance Indicators, Bingxu Fang, Partha Mohanram, Dushyant Vyas

Research Collection School Of Accountancy

The limitations of financials statements in assessing firm performance have long been known to the academic and practitioner accounting communities. Recent years have witnessed a sharp increase in the frequency and scope of non-financial Key Performance Indicators (KPIs) disclosed by companies and used by market participants. In this study, we investigate the relevance of various voluntarily reported non-financial KPIs. We find that KPIs are positively associated with future profitability, sales growth, and current stock returns; however, the stock market underreacts to the information embedded in KPIs for firms operating in opaque information environments.

Strategies Business Leaders Use To Prevent Employee Financial Fraud In Their Nonprofit Organizations, Sylvia A. Lawson

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Leaders of nonprofit organizations experience financial losses when their employees engage in financial fraud. Grounded in Cressey’s fraud triangle theory, the purpose of this qualitative multicase study was to explore strategies leaders of nonprofit organizations use to prevent losses from employee financial fraud. The participants comprised 3 leaders of nonprofit organizations located in South Carolina with successful experience preventing employee financial fraud losses. Data were collected from semistructured interviews and organizational documents, such as company policies and financial statements. Yin’s 5-step analysis process was used to analyze the data with 2 themes emerging: policies created helped leaders prevent losses from …

Taxing Cannabis On The Reservation, Mark J. Cowan

Accountancy Faculty Publications and Presentations

American Indian tribes that enter the cannabis industry confront a multisovereign tax system that lacks certainty and horizontal equity. The complex interaction of state legalization and taxation of cannabis, federal tax law, the status of tribes as both governments and business enterprises, and the legal and tax landscape in Indian country can give tribes tax advantages and disadvantages compared to off-reservation cannabis dispensaries. This article analyzes these tax issues, examines them in the context of prior challenges posed by Indian gaming, and suggests reforms that address the tax inequities that can result from cannabis sales on Indian reservations.

Corporate Social Responsibility And Corporate Financial Performance: An Examination Into Fortune 500 And Djsi Firms Within Consumer-Facing Industries, Samantha Lee

CMC Senior Theses

This paper examines the relationship between a firm’s Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) and its Corporate Financial Performance (CFP) in nine consumer-facing industries classified by the Fortune 500. Unlike prior research on the matter, the firms investigated in this study consist only of firms on both the Fortune 500 for the year 2018 and the Dow Jones Sustainability Index (DJSI) between the years 2005-2018 in order to define a clear measurement of CSR. In order to gauge investor and market sentiment, CFP is measured primarily by the firm’s stock performance in comparison to the S&P 500 as a basis. The results …

Corporate Governance, Measurement Of, Maeve O'Connell, Anne Marie Ward

Articles

The increased focus on good governance and the development of best practice guidelines, often supported by legislation, has been in response to corporate scandals, such as Enron and Worldcom in the early 2000s, and the 2008 banking crisis. Good governance is increasingly recognised as a process where the ‘best practices' of yesterday become the standard practices of today. This increased focus has also coincided with a worldwide movement for corporate reporting on sustainability and corporate social responsibility (CSR) issues and a growing demand within the investment industry for investment products that are socially responsible (Benn and Dunphy 2013). Sustainable development …

Analytical Framework And Student Perceptions: Assessing The Quality Of Doctoral Education In Accounting In Ireland, Anne Marie Ward, Louise Gorman, Niamh M. Brennan

Articles

To examine the quality of doctoral education in accounting in higher education institutions (HEIs) in Ireland, we develop an analytical framework from the relevant literature and the principles of quality doctoral education included in the Higher Education Authority’s (HEA) National Framework for Doctoral Education (NFDE). Our analytical framework identifies 16 measurable indicators of quality doctoral education classified into four dimensions: context, inputs, processes and outcomes. Compliance with the quality indicators is verified by coding HEI websites and prospectuses. Deeper insights on the indicators of quality doctoral education are obtained from semi-structured interviews with accounting doctoral students. Our findings shed valuable …

Risk Management And Hedging Approaches In Energy Markets, Jim Hanly

Articles

Energy based assets are showing increased susceptibility to volatility arising out of geo-political, economic, climate and technological events. Given the economic importance of energy products, their market participants need to be able to access efficient strategies to effectively manage their exposures and reduce price risk. This chapter will outline the key futures based hedging approaches that have been developed for managing energy price risk and evaluate their effectiveness. A key element of this analysis will be the breadth of assets considered. These include Crude and Refined Oil products, Natural Gas, and wholesale Electricity markets. We find significant differences in the …

Technology Based Audit Tools: Implications For Audit Quality, Annie L. Witte

2020

Technology as an exogenous shock has proven to have pervasive effects on auditing firms, practitioners, regulators, and global markets. However, the dynamic nature of technology makes it uniquely challenging to articulate technology’s largescale implications on the auditing profession in recent times. Understanding how current technology has helped shape the contemporary auditing profession is vital to identify points of inflection within the industry (i.e., areas of risk and change), and key to elucidating the future of where the field is going.

The first paper (sole-authored) is a literature review that synthesizes auditing studies across methodologies, including archival, experimental, and qualitative methods. …

Improving Accountants' Ability To Identify, Manage, And Prevent Fraud In Not-For-Profit Organizations, Gabrielle Pauline Fish

Doctoral Dissertations and Projects

Fraud is a growing problem in the not-for-profit (NFP) sector; this problem increases because of the lack of fraud-prevention preparation had by NFP financial professionals. Furthermore, asset misappropriation is the most commonly perpetrated occupational fraud in NFPs. Although approximately 90% of all reported frauds are asset misappropriation, a gap in existing research results in limited data regarding asset misappropriation in NFPs. This study contains an extensive examination of peer-reviewed research regarding fraud topics, with an emphasis on asset misappropriation. The conceptual framework incorporated the Fraud Management Lifecycle Theory, the Fraud Triangle Theory, the Theory of White-Collar Crime, and the Routine …

Determinants Of Tax Morale Using Structural Equation Model (Sem), Raymond S. Pacaldo, Rodiel C. Ferrer

DLSU Business & Economics Review

This paper analyzes the impact of tax enforcement, trust in government, and demographic characteristics on the tax morale of firms in the Philippines. From the database of Business Environment and Enterprise Performance Survey (BEEPS), 864 firms were taken and analyzed using partial least squares on the structural equation of modeling (PLS-SEM). In the analysis, only trust in government, organizational form, and firm location provided a significant impact to tax morale. Thus, firms pay taxes religiously when the government acts trustworthily. On the other hand, sole proprietorship and Metro Manila firms exhibited lower tax morale as compared to corporations and outside …

Reducing The Frequency And Effects Of Fraudulent Activities In Community Action Agencies, Marvin L J Blye

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

In the United States, nonprofit organization leaders estimate that $40 billion of revenue is lost every year because of financial scandals and fraudulent activities. Fraud negatively affects organizational functioning, service delivery, and board governance. Nonprofit leaders who fail to prevent fraud increase the chance of their organization’s failure. Grounded in Cressey’s fraud triangle theory, the purpose of this qualitative multiple case study was to explore strategies nonprofit community action agency (CAA) executive leaders use to reduce fraudulent financial activities. The participants comprised 5 executive CAA nonprofit leaders located in Maryland who effectively used strategies to reduce fraudulent financial behaviors in …

Managing Brand Value For Increased Patronage, Victor Tiwalola Olufemi

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Information technology service providers (ITSPs) with low customer patronage may not remain competitive and could fail. Business leaders of ITSPs need to implement successful brand marketing strategies to gain consumers' confidence and increase patronage for their organizations' long-term sustainability. Grounded in the brand equity model, the purpose of this qualitative multiple case study was to explore brand marketing strategies ITSPs implement to increase patronage. The participants included nine business leaders from three ITSPs in Lagos, Nigeria, who successfully implemented brand marketing strategies to increase patronage. Data were collected from semistructured interviews, reflective notes, and review of public documents obtained from …

Successful Balanced Scorecard Implementation Strategies For A Manufacturing Organization, Timothy J. Zorek

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Up to 90% of businesses fail to execute their business strategies. Still, the effective implementation of a performance measurement system like the balanced scorecard (BSC) often leads to the implement a more successful execution of a business strategy. The purpose of this qualitative single case study sought to explore the successful strategies used by business leaders to implement a BSC effectively. Change theory was the conceptual framework for the study. Participants consisted of 3 business leaders of a manufacturing organization in Southeast Wisconsin, who successfully implemented the balanced scorecard within their business. Data were collected from face-to-face, semistructured interviews, and …

A Business Plan For The Fitzgerald Institute, Elaine M. King, Matthew G. Deibel, Matthew J. Bulgrin, Alex Skeen, Stephanie N. Kieke

Williams Honors College, Honors Research Projects

This piece seeks to develop a business strategy for the University of Akron's Fitzgerald Institute for Entrepreneurship. The recommendations given were developed utilizing research on entrepreneurial education and the desires of students at the university.

Overview Of The Asb’S Proposed Quality Management Standards, Sara Lord, American Institute Of Certified Public Accountants. Auditing Standards Board

Exposure Drafts, Comment Letters, and Statements of Position

No abstract provided.

General Accounting And Auditing Developments, 2020/21; Audit Risk Alerts, American Institute Of Certified Public Accountants (Aicpa)

Industry Guides (AAGs), Risk Alerts, and Checklists

No abstract provided.

Codification Of Statements On Standards For Attestation Engagements, Number 20, As Of January 2020, American Institute Of Certified Public Accountants (Aicpa)

AICPA Professional Standards

No abstract provided.

Codification Of Statements On Auditing Standard, Numbers 122 To 138, As Of January 2020, American Institute Of Certified Public Accountants (Aicpa)

AICPA Professional Standards

No abstract provided.

[Introduction To] Called To Account: Financial Frauds That Shaped The Accounting Profession, Paul M. Clikeman

Bookshelf

Called to Account traces the evolution of the global public accounting profession through a series of scandals leading to voluntary or mandated reforms. Ever entertaining and educational, the book describes 16 of the most audacious accounting frauds of the last 80 years, and identifies the accounting standards and legislation adopted as a direct consequence of each scandal.

This third edition offers expanded coverage of the Global Financial Crisis and international auditing. While retaining favorite chapters exposing the schemes of "Crazy Eddie" Antar, "Chainsaw Al" Dunlap, and Barry "the Boy Wonder" Minkow, new chapters describe the accounting problems at Lehman Brothers, …

The International Financial Reporting Standards And Firm Performance: A Systematic Review, Wafaa Salah

Business Administration

This study reviews the accounting literature which investigates the effects of International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) on firms’ financial performance to answer a debating question of how effective are the accounting standards in affecting financial performance and to provide guidance for future studies. The focus of the review is three primary streams, first, reasons and evidence of differences between countries in accounting practices; second, theories justifying the transition from local Generally Accepted Accounting Principles (GAAP) to IFRS; Third, the effect of accounting standards on firms’ financial performance regarding three broad groups: (1) Common law countries (2) Civil law countries, and …

Influence Of Environmental Strategy And Management Control On Environmental And Economic Performance, Kanya Sannamwong

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

This study aims to explore the role of eco-controls in translating competitive environmental strategic intents into eco-practices, as well as the associations between eco-practices and environmental and economic performance. A web-based survey was used to collect data from 151 Thai manufacturing firms from September to November 2020. Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) was employed for data analysis. The findings from the study suggest that firms pursuing predominantly eco-efficiency intent, firms pursuing predominantly eco-branding intent, and firms pursuing both eco-efficiency intent and eco-branding intent at the same degree, tend to adopt more bureaucratic forms of eco-control regardless of their environmental strategic intents. …

Determinants Of Firm’S Internals & Macroeconomic Factors On Financial Performance Of Ethiopian Insurers, Kishor Chandra Meher, Temesgen Zewudu

DLSU Business & Economics Review

Insurance acts as a social instrument that indemnifies the human life and properties against unforeseeable risks. It is imperative for the insurance companies to be profitable while obliging the society and nation as a risk saver of insurable risk. The research aims to investigate the association between specific internals and macroeconomic factors and the financial performance of insurance companies in Ethiopia. A quantitative approach is applied in this research by adopting inferential statistics with a balanced panel data of nine insurance companies for 15 years (2002–2016). Explanatory analysis is deployed where Pearson’s correlation and OLS regression model are applied to …