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Full-Text Articles in Accounting

Report Of The International Research Task Force, Sarah Auman Reed Mar 1990

Report Of The International Research Task Force, Sarah Auman Reed

Accounting Historians Notebook

No abstract provided.


Accounting History Lessons From The Comer School, George N. Comer Mar 1990

Accounting History Lessons From The Comer School, George N. Comer

Accounting Historians Notebook

No abstract provided.


Influence Of Firm Size, Strategy, And Structure On The Development Of Accounting, 1776-1989, George J. Staubus Mar 1990

Influence Of Firm Size, Strategy, And Structure On The Development Of Accounting, 1776-1989, George J. Staubus

Accounting Historians Notebook

This paper is a portion of a line of research based on the premise that one's ability to understand and explain the existence of a particular firm's accounting practices, or of typical firm accounting practices, is enhanced by an understanding of the economics of the firm. Both firms and accounting have existed for a long time, having developed together over many centuries. The focus in this paper is on developments in firm size, in firm strategy regarding vertical integration and diversification, and in form of organization as influences on the development of accounting.


British Entrepreneurs And Industrial Revolution Cost Management: A Study Of Innovation, Richard K. Fleischman, Lee D. Parker Mar 1990

British Entrepreneurs And Industrial Revolution Cost Management: A Study Of Innovation, Richard K. Fleischman, Lee D. Parker

Accounting Historians Notebook

Traditional accounting histories date the advent of sophisticated cost accounting from the mid-1880's and credit American innovators of Frederick Taylor's scientific management movement with conceiving the new practices. However, it is counterintuitive to think the entrepreneurs of the British Industrial Revolution would not have developed costing techniques, given their significant methodological advances in other economic areas, such as technology, capital accumulation, and marketing structure development. This paper reports the findings from a survey of surviving business records from twenty-five large industrial firms during the 1760-1850 period, concentrated in the dominant textile and iron industries. Substantial evidence of mature cost management …


Women In Accounting In Great Britain And In The United States -- Some Historical Parallels, Suzanne N. Cory Mar 1990

Women In Accounting In Great Britain And In The United States -- Some Historical Parallels, Suzanne N. Cory

Accounting Historians Notebook

The public accounting profession in the United States has its roots in Great Britain. Chartered accountants from England and Scotland came to this country to account for the capital coming into the States from the Old World [Stevens, 1981, p. 3]. Hence, a history of women in accounting in the United States would be expected to have many parallels with a history of women in accounting in Great Britain.


Natural Business Year: A Review Of Accounting Literature From 1915 Through 1988 Shows A Shift Of Proactive To Reactive Behavior By Accountants, Richard G.J. Vangermeersch, Mark Higgins Mar 1990

Natural Business Year: A Review Of Accounting Literature From 1915 Through 1988 Shows A Shift Of Proactive To Reactive Behavior By Accountants, Richard G.J. Vangermeersch, Mark Higgins

Accounting Historians Notebook

The Tax Reform Act of 1986 brought back the topic of the Natural Business Year in a shocking manner to accountants. The hard work of over seventy years was lost, as individuals and partnerships effectively lost the Natural Business Year alternative. This paper traces the proactive accounting development of the Natural Business Year concept to the reactive mode of the last three decades.


Accounting Historians Notebook, 1990, Vol. 13, No. 1 (Spring) [Whole Issue] Mar 1990

Accounting Historians Notebook, 1990, Vol. 13, No. 1 (Spring) [Whole Issue]

Accounting Historians Notebook

Copyright held by: Academy of Accounting Historians


Insights Into The Recent Proposals To Change The Cpa Exam, Wilbert Schwotzer Mar 1990

Insights Into The Recent Proposals To Change The Cpa Exam, Wilbert Schwotzer

Accounting Historians Notebook

Proposed changes to the CPA exam and the resulting discussion and debate suggest the need to review the source and purposes of the exam. The State Board of Accountancy of each state has statutory responsibility for the preparation, administration, and grading of the CPA exam. All fifty-four Boards of Accountancy purchase the preparation and grading services of the American Institute of Certified Public Accountants, Board of Examiners. Thus, the Board of Examiners is the sole provider and designer of the CPA exam. The CPA exam, as a licensing exam, is intended to protect the public welfare by testing for minimal …


Concerns And The Profession Of Accountancy, Eugene H. Flegm, Pamela J. Duke Mar 1990

Concerns And The Profession Of Accountancy, Eugene H. Flegm, Pamela J. Duke

Accounting Historians Notebook

Expressing a growing concern about the proliferation of accounting pronouncements issued by the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) and the trend these pronouncements appear to be taking toward a more theoretical viewpoint, Gene Flegm was particularly critical of FAS Statements 94, 95, and 96. These deal with consolidation of majority-owned subsidiaries, statement of cash flows, and accounting for income taxes. While intended to correct accounting abuses, in his opinion these statements not only fail in their intent, but actually create opportunities for abuse by complicating an already complex reporting system and do nothing to increase the reliability of accounting information.


History Papers To Be Presented At The Annual Aaa Meeting, Academy Of Accounting Historians Mar 1990

History Papers To Be Presented At The Annual Aaa Meeting, Academy Of Accounting Historians

Accounting Historians Notebook

No abstract provided.


Historical Evolution Of The Extraordinary Item Concept, Jack O. Hall, C. Richard Aldridge Mar 1990

Historical Evolution Of The Extraordinary Item Concept, Jack O. Hall, C. Richard Aldridge

Accounting Historians Notebook

The notion of extraordinary items has been clearly defined since the Accounting Principles Board issued "Reporting the Results of Operations," Opinions of the Accounting Principles Board No. 30 in 1973. The opinion established the criteria of infrequency and unusualness for extraordinary item treatment. In addition, the opinion discussed the proper presentation of extraordinary items in an income statement format. Although extraordinary item treatment is a well-understood concept, little has been written about the forces and developments that led to the issuance of Opinion No. 30. The purpose of this paper is to review the historical developments that led to the …


Accounting Heritage Association Formed, Academy Of Accounting Historians Mar 1990

Accounting Heritage Association Formed, Academy Of Accounting Historians

Accounting Historians Notebook

No abstract provided.


Some Thoughts Concerning The Board Of Trustees Of The Academy, Richard G.J. Vangermeersch Mar 1990

Some Thoughts Concerning The Board Of Trustees Of The Academy, Richard G.J. Vangermeersch

Accounting Historians Notebook

I attended a four hour key member meeting on Friday, December 1, in Atlanta and then a two-hour review with some members on Saturday afternoon, December 2, in Atlanta. My goal was to see what the trustees could do to help The Academy. My reading of many books on "Boards" did not yield much specific help, as almost all were written for the private sector. The one book that was not for the private sector assumed that the organization had a full-time and paid staff, which is far from what our organization has or ever will have. Your responses on …


Plus Ca Change, Plus C'Est La Meme Chose: A Study In Accounting For Changing Price Levels In Germany And The Usa, Moyra J. M. Kedslie, N. M. A. Hussaen Mar 1990

Plus Ca Change, Plus C'Est La Meme Chose: A Study In Accounting For Changing Price Levels In Germany And The Usa, Moyra J. M. Kedslie, N. M. A. Hussaen

Accounting Historians Notebook

Prior to World War I, accountants and academics generally advocated the preparation of accounting statements based on an assumption of a stable monetary unit. During the war, the industrialised countries experienced moderate inflation but this was reasonably quickly controlled in the USA and the UK. However, post war inflation in Germany was not so rapidly controlled and revealed the shortcomings of accounts prepared under traditional assumptions. This stimulated several academics to consider ways in which this problem might be overcome, and their studies were to provide the foundations for later work on inflation accounting in the USA and the UK.


Report Of The Editor Of Working Paper Series, Horace R. Givens Mar 1990

Report Of The Editor Of Working Paper Series, Horace R. Givens

Accounting Historians Notebook

No abstract provided.


Accounting For Labor In The Early 19th Century: The U.S. Arms Making Experience, Thomas N. Tyson Mar 1990

Accounting For Labor In The Early 19th Century: The U.S. Arms Making Experience, Thomas N. Tyson

Accounting Historians Notebook

The Springfield armory was the largest and among the most important prototypes of the modern factory establishment, and its accounting controls were the most sophisticated in use before the 1840's (Chandler, 1977). Until that time, the armory's accounting system did not integrate piece-rate accounting and a clock-regulated workday into prespecified norms of output. Hoskin & Macve (1988) have argued that accounting was unable to establish norms, increase labor productivity, and thus attain its full disciplinary power until a West Point managerial component was established in the 1840's. They then called for further discourse to verify or refute this contention.


Pictures And Public Relations In Corporate Annual Reports, Dale L. Flesher Mar 1990

Pictures And Public Relations In Corporate Annual Reports, Dale L. Flesher

Accounting Historians Notebook

A corporate annual report has a wider purpose than the mere communication of financial information. The report is a public relations tool to sell the firm to interested readers. The firm's story is told using the traditional methods financial statements, notes, management letter, and auditor's report. But sooner or later, the firm adopts the use of pictures and narrative captions to aid in the telling of its story. This study examined the first use of photos by 14 large corporations. The average year of first usage was 1947. In most cases, companies evolved slowly into the use of pictures, but …


Special Events For Your 1990 Calendar; Reception For Paul Garner; Annual Business Meeting Of The Academy; Is Accounting History Critical; History Of The Accounting Present, Academy Of Accounting Historians Mar 1990

Special Events For Your 1990 Calendar; Reception For Paul Garner; Annual Business Meeting Of The Academy; Is Accounting History Critical; History Of The Accounting Present, Academy Of Accounting Historians

Accounting Historians Notebook

No abstract provided.


Affiliation With The Iaaer, Academy Of Accounting Historians Mar 1990

Affiliation With The Iaaer, Academy Of Accounting Historians

Accounting Historians Notebook

No abstract provided.


President's Message [1990, Vol. 13, No. 1], Barbara Dubis Merino Mar 1990

President's Message [1990, Vol. 13, No. 1], Barbara Dubis Merino

Accounting Historians Notebook

No abstract provided.


Saga Of A Freedom Of Information Act Search, Dale L. Flesher, Tonya K. Flesher, Jeanni Atkins Mar 1990

Saga Of A Freedom Of Information Act Search, Dale L. Flesher, Tonya K. Flesher, Jeanni Atkins

Accounting Historians Notebook

Locating and gathering research materials may be the most difficult aspect of conducting historical accounting research studies. One must dig for archival materials in any fertile ground. An important source of data may often be overlooked by historical researchers due to the perceived difficulties of dealing with the bureaucracy of the federal government. The Freedom of Information Act (FOIA) provides a vital source of inquiry on many subject areas once the tricks of dealing with government agencies can be mastered.


Academy Of Accounting Historians: Trustees, Officers, And Key Members Meeting, December 1, 1989 -- Dusseldorf Room, Atlanta Hilton (Downtown) -- Atlanta, Georgia; Trustees, Officers, And Key Members Meeting, December 1, 1989 -- Dusseldorf Room, Atlanta Hilton (Downtown) -- Atlanta, Georgia; Membership At December 31, 1989; Academy Of Accounting Historians Organization Chart; Trustees Meeting And Meeting Of Trustees, Officers, And Key Members [1990], Ashton C. Bishop Mar 1990

Academy Of Accounting Historians: Trustees, Officers, And Key Members Meeting, December 1, 1989 -- Dusseldorf Room, Atlanta Hilton (Downtown) -- Atlanta, Georgia; Trustees, Officers, And Key Members Meeting, December 1, 1989 -- Dusseldorf Room, Atlanta Hilton (Downtown) -- Atlanta, Georgia; Membership At December 31, 1989; Academy Of Accounting Historians Organization Chart; Trustees Meeting And Meeting Of Trustees, Officers, And Key Members [1990], Ashton C. Bishop

Accounting Historians Notebook

No abstract provided.


Evolution Of The Uniform Cpa Examination, Kent T. Fields, William D. Samson Mar 1990

Evolution Of The Uniform Cpa Examination, Kent T. Fields, William D. Samson

Accounting Historians Notebook

In this paper there are four research issues. First, the developments that led to the institution of the first CPA Exam are identified. Second, the evolution of the earliest state CPA Examinations into the "uniform" CPA Examination is investigated. Third, the early CPA Exams are compared to the current exams as a way of illustrating the impact that these first exams have had, and continue to have, on modern exams. Last, in a very subjective way, the rigor of the early examinations is compared to "modern" examinations in an attempt to draw conclusions about the relative difficulty of the old …


Primer On Oral History, Marilynn Collins, Robert Bloom Mar 1990

Primer On Oral History, Marilynn Collins, Robert Bloom

Accounting Historians Notebook

The purpose of this paper is to present "oral history" as a means of doing research on accounting history. As a research tool, oral history can be used to supplement and clarify the written record. It has scarcely been used in accounting history despite its great potential for illuminating past events and circumstances. We take the position that interviews of the principal participants in professional accounting standard-setting and practice by academic accountants can serve a valuable objective, for example, in terms of explaining how a particular accounting standard was developed. Additionally, such interviews can have the effect of alleviating the …


Abstracts: Papers Presented At The Fourth Charles Waldo Haskins Accounting History Seminar; Papers Presented At The Fourth Charles Waldo Haskins Accounting History Seminar, Elliott L. Slocum, Alfred Robert Roberts Mar 1990

Abstracts: Papers Presented At The Fourth Charles Waldo Haskins Accounting History Seminar; Papers Presented At The Fourth Charles Waldo Haskins Accounting History Seminar, Elliott L. Slocum, Alfred Robert Roberts

Accounting Historians Notebook

The Accounting History Research Center (AHRC) hosted the fourth in the series of the Charles Waldo Haskins Accounting History Seminars at the Hilton Hotel in Atlanta, Georgia on December 1 and 2, 1989. Thirteen papers were presented at the seminar. In addition, presentations were made by Eugene H. Flegm at the seminar luncheon and Wil Schwotzer at the seminar dinner. Comments by Messrs. Flegm and Schwotzer are summarized earlier in this issue of The Notebook.


Accounting History At Regional Aaa Meetings, Academy Of Accounting Historians Mar 1990

Accounting History At Regional Aaa Meetings, Academy Of Accounting Historians

Accounting Historians Notebook

No abstract provided.


Exploratory Story Of Early Empiricism In U.S. Accounting Literature, Dale A. Buckmaster, Kok-Foo Theang Mar 1990

Exploratory Story Of Early Empiricism In U.S. Accounting Literature, Dale A. Buckmaster, Kok-Foo Theang

Accounting Historians Notebook

Little or nothing is said of empiricism in U.S. accounting literature during the first half of the twentieth century in accounting history literature. We cannot make generalizations about the extent or role of empirics in the development of accounting thought. This lack of knowledge may be imposing unnecessary bounds on our understanding of how accounting literature has developed. This study has the very modest primary goal of determining if an empirical literature existed prior to 1950 that was extensive enough and substantive enough to have influenced the development of accounting thought. A secondary goal is to make some general comparisons …


New Journal Editors, Academy Of Accounting Historians Oct 1989

New Journal Editors, Academy Of Accounting Historians

Accounting Historians Notebook

No abstract provided.


Minutes Of August Trustee's Meeting [1989]; Great Books In Accounting; Minutes Of Annual Business Meeting [1989]; Report Of The Accounting History Education Committee, Ashton C. Bishop, Vahe Baladouni Oct 1989

Minutes Of August Trustee's Meeting [1989]; Great Books In Accounting; Minutes Of Annual Business Meeting [1989]; Report Of The Accounting History Education Committee, Ashton C. Bishop, Vahe Baladouni

Accounting Historians Notebook

No abstract provided.


History In Print [1989, Vol. 12, No. 2], Academy Of Accounting Historians Oct 1989

History In Print [1989, Vol. 12, No. 2], Academy Of Accounting Historians

Accounting Historians Notebook

No abstract provided.