Business Commons^™

Disparities In Housing Affordability By Income, Housing Tenure, And Race In Us Census-Designated Regions, Jeffery S. Bredthauer, Javed Iqbal, Christopher Decker

Mountain Plains Journal of Business and Technology

This analysis demonstrates that there are significant regional disparities in housing affordability among US Census-designated regions, with the Northeast and West consistently bearing the highest costs. Over time, the burdens incurred by both owners and tenants have lessened, but renters' burdens have grown considerably. Furthermore, significant regional differences in severely cost-burdened households are highlighted. The Northeast has more severely cost-burdened households than the Midwest, South, or West. There are also significant ethnic differences: Asian Americans experience a slightly lower housing cost burden, while African Americans and Native Americans bear the greatest burden, followed by Hispanics. To address these problems, legislative …

Rethinking Eisner V. Macomber, And The Future Of Structural Tax Reform, Alex Zhang

Faculty Articles

In June 2023, the Supreme Court granted the petition for a writ of certiorari in Moore v. United States, ostensibly a challenge to an obscure provision of the 2017 tax legislation. Moore’s real target is the constitutionality of federal wealth and accrual taxation, which policymakers have proposed to combat record inequality and raise revenue for social-welfare reform. At the center of the doctrinal dispute in Moore is a century-old case, Eisner v. Macomber, on which the Moore petitioners and other commentators have relied to argue that Congress has no power to tax wealth or unrealized gains—e.g., appreciation …

Kerala’S International Tourism Demand: An Inquiry Into The Validity Of The Standard And Regular Determinants, Muhammed Salim Anappattath

CBER Conference

The present study aims to identify the role of standard factors and other regular potential determinants in influencing the tourist arrivals in Indian state of Kerala. We used month-wise data of the foreign tourist arrivals in Kerala from January 2002 to December 2019 and applied auto-regressive distributed lagged (ARDL) approach, with the seasonality-adjusted data, for the same.

Priced Out Of Housing In The Mountain West, 2022, Maryam Raja, Caitlin J. Saladino, William E. Brown Jr.

Housing & Real Estate

This fact sheet presents data from the National Association of Home Builder (NAHB) 2022 report on "priced out estimates" and the consequences of increased prices and interest rates on homes. Data are included from NAHB on home affordability for median home prices in five Mountain West states and 25 metropolitan statistical areas (MSAs).

Total Taxation: An Examination Of The Total Tax Burden Of Individuals In The West Michigan Area, Connor C. Meech

Honors Projects

Have you ever thought about how much you might pay in tax each year, across all tax types? If you have, a chill probably went down your spine before you gave up thinking about it. When the subject is brought up, most people think primarily of income. The truth of the matter is that income tax is far from the only tax we pay. Throughout the year, Americans may end up also paying sales tax, property tax, fuel taxes, various sin taxes, and estate tax, just to name a few. With so many ways to be taxed, some of which …

Economic Forecast Of Grand Rapids, Mi, Zachary Fillmore

Honors Projects

The purpose of this report is to analyze the current state of the Grand Rapids, MI economy, as well as provide a ten-year forecast of the city’s economic condition. Economic forecasting is the process of predicting the future condition of an economy using the combination of several indicators. The indicators being used for this report will include population growth, economic production, wages, industry specific production trends, unemployment rates, home values, occupancy rates, rent forecasts, education, and tourism. From intensive research and data analysis, a snapshot of the economic condition of Grand Rapids in ten years will be displayed. Additionally, several …

Theater And Covid-19: Examining How The Pandemic Financially Affected Production Crew Members In The Theater Industry, Abigail Jasak

Honors College Theses

Since the beginning of 2020, the Covid-19 pandemic has severely impacted many aspects of almost every industry worldwide. This paper will cover the financial effect that the Covid-19 pandemic has had on production crew members working within the theater industry. Research will be conducted through literature review, evaluating similar historical events and current discussions throughout the industry, and one-on-one structured interviews with production crew members who were financially impacted by the pandemic. The main goal of this thesis is to examine the different financial situations of production crew members and determine if management and production companies within the industry were …

Investment Patterns In Mountain West States, Counties, And Nevada Cities 2005-2019, Peter Grema, Zachary Walusek, Katie M. Gilbertson, William E. Brown Jr.

Economic Development & Workforce

The purpose of this fact sheet is to summarize findings on capital flows across Mountain West states and counties, and within Nevada cities. The “Gauging Investment Patterns across the US” report by the Urban Institute present findings of overall volume of capital deployed, racial equity of investments, and income equity for each respective geographic area. The full report further breaks down these three main categories into 18 other metrics.

The Determinants Of The Private Saving In The Islamic Economy: A Comparative Study, Abdullah Al Badaren

Jerash for Research and Studies Journal مجلة جرش للبحوث والدراسات

This study aimed to determine the factors affecting the private saving in the Islamic

economy, compared with the traditional economy, in order to investigate the

differences between the two systems in terms of boosters savings, the study found

that the saving in the Islamic economy is affected by a lot of determinants affecting

the savings in the traditional economy; such as income, wealth, consumption,

prices, and income distribution, etc., but it differs in terms of the exclusion of the

interest rate, adjust the structure of the market, the nature of consumption, and the

presence of the provisions of the many …

Where You Live Matters To Have The American Dream: The Impact Of Collective Social Capital On Perceived Economic Mobility And The Moderating Role Of Income, Yanghee Kim, Youjae Yi, Hyuna Bak

Asia Marketing Journal

The current research develops and tests the theory that beliefs in economic mobility are affected by social capital at the community level, especially for low-income individuals. Integrating concepts from social capital and perceived economic mobility (PEM), this research hypothesizes that members of disadvantaged groups (vs. members of advantaged groups) are more likely to adjust their PEM depending on the social capital at the community level. Using archival data, multilevel analysis is employed to examine whether individual- or community-level social capital increases PEM and the extent to which income moderates this relationship. Consistent with our hypotheses, social capital at the community …

The Sociology Of Food And Eating, Deyana Marie Pangelinan

Sociology Student Work Collection

Food is an important aspect of our lives as it is a basic human necessity and it is intriguing to see how the culture of food is influenced sociologically. For the final project, I focused on the Sociology of Food and Eating in the U.S. by discussing three different aspects which are how the food is made, distributed, and consumed. More specifically, I analyzed the politics of pesticides, how class inequality affects food distribution, and why the U.S. enjoys larger serving sizes.

Pandemic And Economic Crisis In Society, Plamen Iliev

UBT International Conference

We still don't know how badly the current crisis will hit the economy. But despite or precisely because of the looming severe recession and economic crisis, fragmented and divided societies until yesterday can heal thanks to a hitherto unexpected injection - solidarity. The global scale of the health crisis and its economic epicenter in EU and euro area countries is creating additional external pressure on disrupted global supply chains. Economic uncertainty caused by the uncertainties surrounding the development and duration of the pandemic and rising unemployment are prerequisites for shrinking domestic consumption, mainly to basic necessities, which is reflected in …

Racialized Tax Inequity: Wealth, Racism, And The U.S. System Of Taxation, Palma Joy Strand, Nicholas A. Mirkay

Northwestern Journal of Law & Social Policy

This Article describes the connection between wealth inequality and the increasing structural racism in the U.S. tax system since the 1980s. A long-term sociological view (the why) reveals the historical racialization of wealth and a shift in the tax system overall beginning around 1980 to protect and exacerbate wealth inequality, which has been fueled by racial animus and anxiety. A critical tax view (the how) highlights a shift over the same time period at both federal and state levels from taxes on wealth, to taxes on income, and then to taxes on consumption—from greater to less progressivity. Both of these …

Socio-Economic Status Of Migrant Women Labour Force In Goa: A Literature Based Analysis, Vijaya Nemikal, Prabir Kumar Rath

International Review of Business and Economics

Goa is one of the most economically prosperous states of India. Many migrants flow in to Goa from various parts of India to seek employment. Since rural areas people faced the problem of lack better employment opportunities in the villages, they migrate to urban areas where they expect to get productive employment. Though male migrants outnumber females the role played by women migrants cannot be overlooked. Women have migrated to Goa either with their spouses, or independently and they have taken up jobs on various levels of hierarchy from unskilled, casual work to highly paid and highly skilled jobs. The …

The Relationship Between Financial Distress And Well-Being: Exploring The Role Of Self-Employment, Jenny Berrill, Damien Cassells, Martha O’Hagan-Luff, André Van Stel

Articles

No abstract provided.

Income Disparities Between Levels Of Management Within The Workplace In The Us, Cerlyn K. Ellis

Publications and Research

The continuous rise of inequality particularly in the growing concentration of income at the top level of distribution in the United States has become a great focus of assessment for economists and policy makers. Skilled workers struggle to improve their income compensation by integrating higher level of schooling with on-the-job experience to boost their opportunity and gain the edge in this competitive labor market. Understanding the factors behind this phenomenon is essential to determine whether policy action is needed to reduce income inequality while taking into account other policy objectives. Since the problem won’t be solved without understanding the origin …

As The Hourly Minimum Wage Moves Toward $15 Across New York State, Some Say The Fight For A Decent Living Is Far From Over., Barbara Prempeh

Capstones

This capstone projects examines the coming of the fight for a $15 minimum wage across New York State and beyond its borders. In 2012, the Fight for $15 organization took the streets of NYC to begin their fight only raising the wages for low income earners who work in different industries such fast- fast, hospitality, and even retail. For years now, the government has yet raise the minimum wage for all Americans which has caused several families to feel a crunch in affording a normal lifestyle. Since the start of this fueled fight, New York City is one of the …

Housing - Las Vegas And The Middle Class, Brookings Mountain West

Brookings Mountain West Special Events

Brookings Mountain West presents an event focusing on housing as part of “Las Vegas and the Middle Class,” a major project exploring public policy initiatives designed to improve the quality of life of the middle class in Las Vegas and to increase the number of people rising to join its ranks. Through independent, non-partisan analysis and policy development, we seek to advance public understanding of the challenges facing the middle class in Las Vegas, as well as barriers to upward mobility.

This event features presentations that examine Las Vegas as a model for understanding issues critical to the growth of …

Should Las Vegas Bet On Homeownership? Trends In Housing Affordability And Homeownership, Jenny Schuetz

Brookings Mountain West Publications

In many parts of the U.S., rents and housing prices are rising faster than household incomes. Low-income families have always been stretched to pay for housing without sacrificing other necessities. In recent years, housing costs have become a larger source of financial stress for middle-income families. While homeownership has been the primary channel for wealth building in the U.S., two recent trends raise questions about whether this is a viable strategy. First, many homeowners suffered severe financial losses due to housing price declines during the Great Recession (2007-2009). Second, homeownership rates for Black and Latino families lag those of white …

Mantras Ambulance Services, Inc. Case 2: A Buyer-Side Business Valuation Case, J. R. Jones, P. D. Hutchison, Amy Foshee Holmes

Amy Holmes

“2017 is going to be an exciting year for your company, Daniel! I just received the requested information from that company that you are interested in buying. I’ll forward the information to you by email attachment, and I will get started on the analysis.” Penny knew that her boss, Daniel, would be anxious to review and discuss the new information on a potential acquisition, so she cleared her desk off to focus on the analysis.

Daniel Gustafson started his company, QRT Ambulance Services, Inc. in 2010. He wanted to quickly expand operations, so his business strategy was to buy existing …

Mantras Ambulance Services, Inc. Case 1: A Seller-Side Business Valuation Case, J. R. Jones, P. D. Hutchison, Amy Foshee Holmes

Amy Holmes

“Guess what mom, I’m pregnant!” Marie Wade’s youngest daughter, Kelley, shared the good news that her mom was going to be a grandmother for the second time! Marie was very happy for her daughter, but at the same time, she felt a pang of guilt and reflected on her inability to spend more time with her children and grandchildren. As her business had grown over the years, she found it required more and more of her time on a daily basis.

Marie thought to herself that it was 2017, where had all the time gone. All her children were grown, …

The Impact Of Generational Experiences On Anti-Immigration Sentiments, Pedram Malakian

Honors Theses

Immigration is one of the most important issues in our increasingly globalized world. Every year, millions of people relocate to Europe and United States in an effort to improve the quality of life for themselves and their family. With this increase in immigration, there has been an emergence of anti-immigration sentiments which have in turn allowed far right political parties to gain more power, evident in the British referendum to leave the European Union and Donald Trump’s election as President of the United States. While most works of literature look at the current work status, education level and income of …

The Effect Of Lowering Public Insurance Income Limits On Hospitalizations For Low-Income Children., Jessica L. Bettenhausen, Matt Hall, Jeffrey D. Colvin, Henry T. Puls, Paul J. Chung

Manuscripts, Articles, Book Chapters and Other Papers

Background and objectives: Thirty million children are currently covered by public insurance; however, the future funding and structure of public insurance are uncertain. Our objective was to determine the number, estimated costs, and demographic characteristics of hospitalizations that would become ineligible for public insurance reimbursement under 3 federal poverty level (FPL) eligibility scenarios.

Methods: In this retrospective cohort study using the 2014 State Inpatient Databases, we included all pediatric (age

Results: In 775 460 publicly reimbursed hospitalizations in 14 states, reductions in eligibility limits to 300%, 200%, or 100% of the FPL would have resulted in large numbers of newly …

Analysis Of Potential Vermicompost Market In California, Jason Alan Thomas

Master's Theses

Vermicompost transforms agricultural waste into a high quality soil amendment, though market acceptance remains in its infancy. This study examines how growers’ willingness to pay for vermicompost is affected by grower’s crop, region, income per acre, knowledge level of vermicompost and compost, previous use of compost, and the willingness to pay for compost. The survey results pulled together 223 responses from California growers. It was discovered growers’ had less knowledge of vermicompost than compost but were willing to pay more for vermicompost. There was statistical difference amongst the responses. It was shown the market value per ton of vermicompost lies …

The Impact Of Microfinance On Poverty Reduction In Egypt: An Empirical Study, Hala Elhadidi

Business Administration

Microfinance has become a critical tool in credit markets for poverty reduction and socioeconomic development. Yet its impact is still questioned and varies from one country to another and from urban to rural areas. This article examines the role of Egyptian microfinance on household income. A cross-sectional survey interviewed 780 established and new clients in Greater Cairo and rural areas in Egypt. The stratified random method was used to collect the data from urban and rural districts. The findings, using multinomial logistics, reveal that microfinance had a positive impact on the household income of women borrowers who spent three years …

The Impact Of Microfinance On Poverty Reduction In Egypt: An Empirical Study, Hala Elhadidi

Business Administration

Microfnance has become a critical tool in credit markets for poverty reduction and socioeconomic development. Yet its impact is still questioned and varies from one country to another and from urban to rural areas. This article examines the role of Egyptian micro nance on household income. A cross-sectional survey interviewed 780 established and new clients in Greater Cairo and rural areas in Egypt. The strati ed random method was used to collect the data from urban and rural districts. The ndings, using multinomial logistics, reveal that micro nance had a positive impact on the household income of women borrowers who …

Effects Of Income Level On The Relationship Between Leadership And Employee Behavior, Andrew James Sherman

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Previous research has indicated that leadership affects employee behavior, but additional research could explain how this relationship is mediated. The purpose of this correlational, quantitative design study was to test the mediating effects of employee income level on the relationship between leadership and employee behavior within the United States. The general problem for leaders is the lack of a comprehensive understanding regarding the relationship between their leadership and employee behavioral outcomes. The specific management problem is that unintended employee behavioral outcomes may be due to leadership decisions made without consideration given to the mediating effects of employee income level. Based …

The Relationship Between Personality Traits And The Income Of Small Business Owners, Staci Lashawn Parker

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Abstract

Researchers have found that the Big Five personality trait of conscientiousness correlated consistently with high performance across industries. However, previous research was limited to self-reported data collected based on the opinions of the participants and did not include the subtraits of conscientiousness (achievement and dependability). Previous studies also did not provide data specific to entrepreneurs operating as small business owners and did not compare them to their peers. Thus, the purpose of this quantitative, correlational study was to explore whether or not there was a relationship between the personality traits of achievement and dependability and the income of U.S. …

Influence Of Mediation On Estate Planning Decisions: Evidence From Indian Survey Data, Amarjit Gill, Harvinder S. Mand, John D. Obradovich, Neil Mathur

Faculty Publications and Presentations

Background: Intestate death can lead to the distribution of assets against the personal wishes of the deceased and is a problem in India, as 80% of Indians die without making a last will. Following the concepts of decision theory (i.e., the theory of choice), stewardship theory, agency theory, and signaling theory, the purpose of this study is to examine the influence of meditation on estate planning decisions. This study also seeks to extend previous findings on the influence of religious beliefs on the estate planning decisions of Canadians to that of Indians.

Methods: Employed and self-employed individuals from India were …

Mantras Ambulance Services, Inc. Case 2: A Buyer-Side Business Valuation Case, J. R. Jones, P. D. Hutchison, Amy Foshee Holmes

School of Business Faculty Research

“2017 is going to be an exciting year for your company, Daniel! I just received the requested information from that company that you are interested in buying. I’ll forward the information to you by email attachment, and I will get started on the analysis.” Penny knew that her boss, Daniel, would be anxious to review and discuss the new information on a potential acquisition, so she cleared her desk off to focus on the analysis.

Daniel Gustafson started his company, QRT Ambulance Services, Inc. in 2010. He wanted to quickly expand operations, so his business strategy was to buy existing …