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2024

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Full-Text Articles in Business

One Beat, One Island: The Seamless Fusion Of Curaçao And The Curaçao North Sea Jazz Festival, Manuel Rivera, Robertico Croes, Brianna Morman, Margaret Zorrilla Cortez Jan 2024

One Beat, One Island: The Seamless Fusion Of Curaçao And The Curaçao North Sea Jazz Festival, Manuel Rivera, Robertico Croes, Brianna Morman, Margaret Zorrilla Cortez

Dick Pope Sr. Institute Publications

The Curaçao North Sea Jazz Festival (CNSJF) has established itself as a significant international event, attracting 6,232 attendees worldwide, significantly boosting the island’s tourism and cultural profile. Notably, 78.9% of attendees, or 4,917 "Festival-Passion Tourists," traveled to Curaçao specifically for the festival. These tourists were affluent and well-educated, primarily from the Netherlands, USA, Venezuela, Colombia, Aruba, and Suriname. Despite ongoing challenges with accessibility, particularly from Aruba, the festival strengthened perceptions of Curaçao as a destination, as evidenced by many visitors expressing intentions to return.[1] Held at the World Trade Center in Curaçao from August 29 through August 31, 2024, this …


The Role Of Interpersonal Conflict As A Cause Of Work-Related Stress In Construction Managers In Ireland, Patrick J. Bruce, Victor Hrymak, Carol M. Bruce Dr, Joseph Byrne Jan 2024

The Role Of Interpersonal Conflict As A Cause Of Work-Related Stress In Construction Managers In Ireland, Patrick J. Bruce, Victor Hrymak, Carol M. Bruce Dr, Joseph Byrne

Articles

Construction is a project-driven industry that places a high premium on product delivery on time, within budget and to required standards. Modern construction projects have become more complex in nature, the complex relational and lengthy process of designing and building makes construction a process in which conflict is virtually ensured (Jaffar et al., 2011; Wang et al., 2023). These characteristics of the industry contribute to workplace stress. Therefore, it is not surprising that research has confirmed a strong presence of workplace stress within the industry, (Lingard and Francis, 2004; Vaux and Dority, 2020). Many construction managers experience excessive levels of …


Dow Jones Sustainability Indices And Esg Scores: Do They Tell The Same Story?, Minoo Tehrani, Andreas Rathgeber, Edward Dougherty, Lawrence Fulton, James Fournier Jan 2024

Dow Jones Sustainability Indices And Esg Scores: Do They Tell The Same Story?, Minoo Tehrani, Andreas Rathgeber, Edward Dougherty, Lawrence Fulton, James Fournier

Business Faculty Publications

The focal point of this research is to compare two of the largest global organizations’ sustainability indices and scores, namely Dow Jones Sustainability Indices (DJSIs) and Standard & Poor’s Global (S&P Global) ESG scores (environmental, social, and governance), which rank companies based on their sustainability practices, and to learn if they correspond to each other. Considering that Germany is the hub of large companies from leading global industries, this research compares the ESG scores of the German companies that appear on the Dow Jones Sustainability Indices. Several statistical analyses are conducted to determine if the German companies on the DJSIs …


Are Industry Returns Informative About Other Industries And Fundamentals?, Nikiforos T. Laopodis Jan 2024

Are Industry Returns Informative About Other Industries And Fundamentals?, Nikiforos T. Laopodis

Business Faculty Publications

This paper examines the information content of selected US industries focusing on the dynamic linkages among these industries, the stock market and a number of fundamental variables. The period of investigation spans from January 1960 to December 2021. The empirical strategy includes several methodologies such as regressions, vector autoregressions and volatility models. The idea is to investigate the dynamic linkages among these series at both the mean and the volatility levels. The results point to significant industry returns’ explanatory power for many predictors of economic activity including the stock market. Further, time-varying analysis of the linkages among the industries and …


The Influence Of Leadership Communication On Employee Engagement During Transformational Change: A Case Study Of 123bank, Myrian Barron Garrett Jan 2024

The Influence Of Leadership Communication On Employee Engagement During Transformational Change: A Case Study Of 123bank, Myrian Barron Garrett

Human Resource Development Theses and Dissertations

This study aimed to understand employee perspectives on how leadership communication efforts impact employee engagement in an organization undergoing transformational change. Kotter’s change management model served as the framework and support for this study. One research question was developed to guide this study, and the qualitative case study approach was used. Data was collected through semi-structured interviews with 26 study participants. The researcher found that most participants had a negative perspective on their leader’s communication efforts during transformational change. Eight main categories were identified, with two to three coded themes each. The findings cannot be generalized to other organizations and …


Firm Performance Feedback And Organizational Impression Management: The Moderating Role Of Ceo Overconfidence, Hazel H. Dadanlar, Manisha M. Vaswani, Marwan A. Al-Shammari, Soumendra Nath Banerjee Jan 2024

Firm Performance Feedback And Organizational Impression Management: The Moderating Role Of Ceo Overconfidence, Hazel H. Dadanlar, Manisha M. Vaswani, Marwan A. Al-Shammari, Soumendra Nath Banerjee

Management Faculty Publications and Presentations

We propose that while positive performance feedback is positively related to firm sentiment, negative performance feedback is negatively associated with the firm sentiment. Additionally, overconfident Chief Executive Officers (CEOs) will improve the positive relationship between positive performance feedback and firm sentiment and reduce the negative relationship between negative performance feedback and firm sentiment. Using 7,182 firm-year observations for the 2004−2017 period, we show that positive performance feedback positively affects firm sentiment, and negative performance feedback negatively influences firm sentiment. We also found that higher levels of CEO overconfidence will minimize the negative impact of negative performance feedback on firm sentiment. …


A Narrative Discourse On Large Global Corporations And Modern Slavery In Complex Supply Chains, Bonnie Nixon Jan 2024

A Narrative Discourse On Large Global Corporations And Modern Slavery In Complex Supply Chains, Bonnie Nixon

Theses and Dissertations

This dissertation asks to what extent, if at all, large global corporations are addressing modern slavery in their complex supply chains. Many companies publicly report that they are addressing human rights topics such as modern slavery in their complex supply chains using traceability, transparency and accountability frameworks and tools, public communications, stakeholder dialogue, auditing, etc. The researcher explored narratives in academic, governmental, corporate, and non-governmental organization reports, media publications, websites, and videos to determine whether the corporations are addressing modern slavery in complex supply chains. Using systematic review methods and tools, the researcher also analyzed medical and engineering profession ethical …


A New Hope? Restoring Self-Compassion In Response To Abusive Supervision, James P. Burton, Brittany C. Buis, Larissa K. Barber Jan 2024

A New Hope? Restoring Self-Compassion In Response To Abusive Supervision, James P. Burton, Brittany C. Buis, Larissa K. Barber

Faculty Articles, Papers, and Other Scholarship

Given the persistent financial and psychological costs of abusive supervision in organizations, a greater understanding of the mechanisms that employees can use to cope with abuse is warranted. In the present study, abusive supervision is expected to be negatively related to a key employee coping mechanism – self-compassion – and this hindered mechanism would lead to higher levels of anxiety and lower levels of hope. However, a written meditation targeting self-compassion could break the link between abuse and employee anxiety or hope. The hypotheses and the written self-compassion meditation were tested across two studies incorporating both a highly controlled laboratory …


Helping Consumers Weather The Storm: The Impact Of Consumer-Targeted Resiliency Programs On Firm Value, Navid Bahmani, Atefeh Yazdanparast Ardestani Jan 2024

Helping Consumers Weather The Storm: The Impact Of Consumer-Targeted Resiliency Programs On Firm Value, Navid Bahmani, Atefeh Yazdanparast Ardestani

School of Business

Purpose: With the goal of helping consumers bounce back from the financial challenges they faced as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic, many firms developed and announced consumer-targeted resiliency programs (e.g. Walgreens waived delivery fees, Associated Bank allowed deferred mortgage payments). However, there is a paucity of research examining the unique features of these programs, and whether firms' investors (the first external stakeholder group to provide them with feedback regarding their strategies) were receptive to these programs during a period of time in which firms themselves were suffering financially. Drawing on resilience theory and stakeholder theory, the present research incorporates …


Vibrotactile Feedback In M-Commerce: Stimulating Perceived Control And Perceived Ownership To Increase Anticipated Satisfaction, Jiayun Li, Kirsten Cowan, Atefeh Yazdanparast Ardestani, Jake Ansell Jan 2024

Vibrotactile Feedback In M-Commerce: Stimulating Perceived Control And Perceived Ownership To Increase Anticipated Satisfaction, Jiayun Li, Kirsten Cowan, Atefeh Yazdanparast Ardestani, Jake Ansell

School of Business

Consumers increasingly purchase through m-channels, including apps. Accordingly, marketers have enhanced immersive, sensorial aspects of m-channels, such as including vibrations while making in-app purchases. Given discrepant findings, it remains unclear whether adding such vibrotactile feedback affects consumer decision making. The present research addresses: (1) Whether adding vibrotactile feedback influences consumers' anticipated product satisfaction and purchase confidence, and (2) if so, how? Through an online pilot survey, two online experiments, and one lab experiment, this research finds that adding vibrotactile feedback to m-channels increases consumers' anticipated product satisfaction, but not purchase confidence. Moreover, perceived ownership mediates this effect, because the vibrations …


Ceo Religion And Corporate Social Responsibility: A Socio-Behavioral Model, Isabelle Le Breton-Miller, Danny Miller, Zhenyang Tang, Xiaowei Xu Jan 2024

Ceo Religion And Corporate Social Responsibility: A Socio-Behavioral Model, Isabelle Le Breton-Miller, Danny Miller, Zhenyang Tang, Xiaowei Xu

School of Business

Studies linking religion to CSR have produced conflicting findings due to a failure to draw distinctions among religious influences and different CSR practices, and to theorize their connection. Drawing on social identity theory and the theory of planned behavior, we first argue that religion will influence CSR when ethical values from a CEO’s religious social identification resonate with an aspect of CSR. Second, CEO attitudes congruent with those values and forms of CSR—interpersonal empathy and proactiveness—will strengthen that relationship. Third, the relationship between religious social identification and CSR will be strengthened by a CEO’s ability to enact CSR policies, a …


Giving Up Learning From Failures? An Examination Of Learning From One's Own Failures In The Context Of Heart Surgeons, Sunkee Lee, Jisoo Park Jan 2024

Giving Up Learning From Failures? An Examination Of Learning From One's Own Failures In The Context Of Heart Surgeons, Sunkee Lee, Jisoo Park

School of Business

Research Summary: We reassess existing theories on individual failure learning and propose an inverted-U-shaped relationship between an individual's accumulated failures and learning, based on a theoretical framework that jointly considers the opportunity, motivation, and perceived ability to learn. Using data on 307 California-based cardiothoracic surgeons who performed coronary artery bypass graft surgeries in 133 hospitals between 2003 and 2018, we find compelling evidence that individuals reach a threshold at which they discontinue learning from their own failures. We also find that this threshold is higher for surgeons who had higher perceived ability to learn. This article aims to shed new …


The Phenomenology Of Success: Women Who Made It To The C-Suite Despite Barriers, Bettye H. Smith Jan 2024

The Phenomenology Of Success: Women Who Made It To The C-Suite Despite Barriers, Bettye H. Smith

Dissertations

Multiple researchers have explored avenues to achieve gender diversity in leadership, primarily by studying the barriers to success for aspiring women leaders. Despite barriers, a small group of women have risen to the top positions of US corporations, demonstrating that there is a path to success and highlighting an opportunity to address leadership diversity differently. Whereas most research on gender diversity in leadership focuses on the barriers women encounter, this qualitative phenomenological study focused on how women can succeed. By leveraging Bronfenbrenner’s ecological systems theory to explore systems that enabled a phenomenal group of women to advance to the C-suite, …


Eagle Executive Magazine, Georgia Southern University Jan 2024

Eagle Executive Magazine, Georgia Southern University

College of Business: News & Publications

  • Students
  • Gala
  • Feature: Corporate Culture Series
  • Internships
  • Graduate
  • Alumni
  • Young Alumni Board


Advancing Environmental Engineering: The Role Of Artificial Intelligence In Sustainable Solutions - A Short Review, Amirreza Talaie, Hesam Kamyab, Ashkan Razmfarsa Jan 2024

Advancing Environmental Engineering: The Role Of Artificial Intelligence In Sustainable Solutions - A Short Review, Amirreza Talaie, Hesam Kamyab, Ashkan Razmfarsa

Management Faculty Publications

Artificial intelligence (AI) has emerged as a transformative force in environmental engineering, offering innovative solutions to complex environmental challenges. From air pollution monitoring and water resource management to waste management, climate change mitigation, and ecological preservation, AI is revolutionizing the way we address environmental issues. Machine learning, neural networks, and other AI technologies are enabling more accurate predictions, optimizing resource use, and improving conservation efforts. However, despite its many advantages, AI also faces challenges such as data availability, energy consumption, ethical concerns, and the need for transparency. This review explores the diverse applications of AI in environmental engineering, highlighting the …


Financial Instruments And Investment Strategies Based On Volatility – Proprietary Strategies And Market-Neutral Financial Products, Iwona Sroka, Kamil Seliga Jan 2024

Financial Instruments And Investment Strategies Based On Volatility – Proprietary Strategies And Market-Neutral Financial Products, Iwona Sroka, Kamil Seliga

Studia i Materiały Wydział Zarządzania Uniwersytet Warszawski

The paper presents a comprehensive introduction to volatility trading, from explaining the definition of volatility, through simple strategies for getting exposure to volatility, to advanced ETN products constructed from derivatives on the VIX index. The theoretical part discusses the idea of volatility trading derived from the assumptions of the Black-Scholes option valuation model. The remainder of this paper presents derivatives that provide exposure to volatility along with the opportunities and pitfalls faced by investors in this market. The practical part presents the proprietary approach to creating investment strategies based on the anomalies of implied volatility of the S & P500 …


Servant Leadership: A Discussion Between Managerial Competencies And Managerial Values, Agnieszka Postuła Jan 2024

Servant Leadership: A Discussion Between Managerial Competencies And Managerial Values, Agnieszka Postuła

Studia i Materiały Wydział Zarządzania Uniwersytet Warszawski

Purpose: The goal of this article is explore the intricacies of servant leadership, the evolving expectations of new generations, the importance of managerial competencies and values, and the empirical findings from the comprehensive research conducted. This exploration aims to provide valuable insights into the multifaceted world of leadership and management in contemporary organizations.

Design/methodology/approach: This article is grounded in the findings of comprehensive ethnographic research. Data were collected mainly with open interviews conducted within four main groups: undergraduate students, final-year students, graduates and participants in postgraduate studies, and managers. In total, 53 interviews were conducted. For the purposes …


Cloud-Native Systems Implementation In The Polish Sme Enterprises, Patryk Morawiec, Anna Sołtysik-Piorunkiewicz Jan 2024

Cloud-Native Systems Implementation In The Polish Sme Enterprises, Patryk Morawiec, Anna Sołtysik-Piorunkiewicz

Studia i Materiały Wydział Zarządzania Uniwersytet Warszawski

Purpose: The main purpose of the article is to examine the needs and the attitudes of small and medium enterprises sector regarding cloud computing usage in implementation of Management Information System in cloud-native strategy. Other objectives of the study are to examine the state-of-the-art of cloud computing models and cloud-native approach in SMEs and the willingness of SMEs to develop cloud-based solutions such as MIS software.

Design/methodology/approach: Methods used in research are critical analysis of scientific literature and reports and publicly available statistical data analysis. A literature review about cloud computing, implementation methodologies, security needs and concept of building …


Combining Artificial Intelligence And Nft Tokens – New Challenges For The Art Market?, Włodzimierz Szpringer Jan 2024

Combining Artificial Intelligence And Nft Tokens – New Challenges For The Art Market?, Włodzimierz Szpringer

Studia i Materiały Wydział Zarządzania Uniwersytet Warszawski

Purpose: The article aims to identify the challenges for the art market resulting from the use of generative artificial intelligence (GenAI) and in particular the interdependence between GenAI and NFT tokens.

Methodology: Research methods – literature studies, as well as analysis of law and case law. Theoretical, institutional context – economic analysis of law and regulatory impact assessment.

Results: The study found that the combination of GenAI and NFT paves the way for innovative forms of artistic expression, challenges conventional notions of art and redefines the relations between artists, collectors and technology.

Research limitations/implications: A significant …


Typology Of Urban Silver Singles In Selected Cities In Poland, Tomasz Zalega Jan 2024

Typology Of Urban Silver Singles In Selected Cities In Poland, Tomasz Zalega

Studia i Materiały Wydział Zarządzania Uniwersytet Warszawski

Purpose: The article presents the results of empirical research on the typology of urban silversingles’ households in Poland. The study concerned the financial situation, structure of expenditure, home infrastructure, consumer behaviour, and selected consumer trends such as sustainable consumption, smart shopping, cocooning, consumption virtualization, and consumer ethnocentrism.

Design/methodology/approach: The analysis is based on a survey questionnaire administered in two stages in 2018–2022. In the first of the planned stages, a survey was carried out on a sample of 3,167 silver singles in the period from February 1st to October 30th, 2018 and from May 1st to October 30th, 2019. The …


Patent Activity Of Countries And Sectors In Graphene-Based Technologies, Piotr Nawrocki Jan 2024

Patent Activity Of Countries And Sectors In Graphene-Based Technologies, Piotr Nawrocki

Studia i Materiały Wydział Zarządzania Uniwersytet Warszawski

Purpose: The aim of this article is to analyse the patent activity of various countries, regions, and sectors (academic, private, governmental) from 2000 to 2018, identifying global leaders in graphene-based technologies.

Design/methodology/approach: The study is based on an analysis of patent filings from the PATSTAT (EPO) database covering the years 2000-2018. Bibliometric techniques were employed to quantify trends in patent filings, combined with statistical analysis to identify areas with the highest growth dynamics. The data was segmented by countries and sectors, enabling a statistical examination of regional and sectoral diversity.

Findings: The findings reveal a diverse level of …


Internal Audit As A Mechanism Of Governance In Higher Education, Grzegorz Palus Jan 2024

Internal Audit As A Mechanism Of Governance In Higher Education, Grzegorz Palus

Studia i Materiały Wydział Zarządzania Uniwersytet Warszawski

Purpose: The primary objective of the study is to verify the use of the internal audit function as an instrument of New Public Management (NPM) and a mechanism for improving the activities of Polish universities.

Design/Methodology/Approach: The study used public information on the work and results of internal the audit in Polish public higher education institutions subordinate to the Ministry of Science and Higher Education, made available by the Ministry of Finance. The article put forward three research hypotheses. The regression and correlation methods were used to verify two of the hypotheses. Scatter plots were created in the study …


Is It Worth Imitating Other Investors’ Determinants Of Effective Investment Strategies Among Students, Michał Mijal, Katarzyna Niewińska Jan 2024

Is It Worth Imitating Other Investors’ Determinants Of Effective Investment Strategies Among Students, Michał Mijal, Katarzyna Niewińska

Studia i Materiały Wydział Zarządzania Uniwersytet Warszawski

Purpose: This study examines the investment strategies of Generation Z, focusing on how they define and implement these strategies. It explores the factors influencing their decisionmaking, such as risk aversion and time horizon, and investigates the impact of social interactions on their investment choices.

Design/ methodology/approach: The research involved a total of 626 participants across two academic years (218 in 2022 and 408 in 2023), who developed and executed virtual investment strategies over a seven-week period using GPWtrader, an educational platform by the Warsaw Stock Exchange Foundation. Weekly meetings were held where participants presented their strategies, market observations, and …


Examining The Synergy Between The Marketplace And The Church In Ghana: Strategies For Enhancing Socio-Economic Development, Grace Opuni-Darko Jan 2024

Examining The Synergy Between The Marketplace And The Church In Ghana: Strategies For Enhancing Socio-Economic Development, Grace Opuni-Darko

Doctor of Ministry

This dissertation explores the complex relationship between the marketplace and Church in Ghana, seeking to identify collaborative strategies that lead to sustainable socio-economic development. The study aims to unravel the complexities of this relationship and identify effective strategies that can foster sustainable growth and development within the Ghanaian context. At the core of this research is an in-depth historical analysis, tracing the evolution of the Churches' role in the Ghanaian economy from colonial times to the present day. This historical perspective provides a critical backdrop for understanding current dynamics and trends. The study employs a multifaceted approach, incorporating both qualitative …


The Effects Of Esg On The Financial Performance Of Aerospace & Defense Companies, Cooper Trimble Jan 2024

The Effects Of Esg On The Financial Performance Of Aerospace & Defense Companies, Cooper Trimble

Honors Undergraduate Theses

This study examines the relationship between Environmental, Social, and Corporate Governance (ESG) activity and financial performance in the context of firms operating in the Aerospace & Defense industry. As societal pressure increases for companies to adopt ESG and related corporate sustainability practices, it is crucial to understand the repercussions of such adoptions. As the Aerospace & Defense industry continues to grow and capitalize on post-COVID travel booms, military modernization efforts, and increased demand for advanced aerospace technology, it is essential to understand the consequences of ESG implementation. By examining data from 2012 – 2023, this study produced results regarding the …


Advocacy Spotlight: Telehealth Regulations For Dentistry Established, Neema Katibai Jd Jan 2024

Advocacy Spotlight: Telehealth Regulations For Dentistry Established, Neema Katibai Jd

The Journal of the Michigan Dental Association

The article discusses the rise of telehealth in the last three years and its implications for dentistry, focusing on recent rulemaking by the Michigan Board of Dentistry. The regulations address key aspects such as definitions, informed consent, scope of practice, and prescribing medications. Dentists must comply with HIPAA and state/federal privacy regulations when using telehealth. Notably, the rules restrict teledentistry delegation to allied personnel after an in-person visit within 24 months. The article emphasizes the importance of understanding and following these regulations for legal telehealth use, reimbursement, and malpractice coverage. The Michigan Dental Association advocates for sensible teledentistry laws to …


Staff Matters: Are There Risks To Using Ai In Our Practice?, Jodi Schafer Sphr, Shrm-Scp Jan 2024

Staff Matters: Are There Risks To Using Ai In Our Practice?, Jodi Schafer Sphr, Shrm-Scp

The Journal of the Michigan Dental Association

As your practice adopts AI for hiring processes, it brings efficiency but also potential pitfalls. The increasing use of AI, such as ChatGPT, streamlines tasks like resume screening, but caution is essential. Recent executive orders emphasize safety assessments and civil rights in AI. The Equal Employment Opportunity Commission focuses on transparency and consent in recruitment AI use. Legal compliance is vital to prevent discrimination; criteria like education and experience must be applied consistently. Additionally, employee monitoring AI requires careful implementation, ensuring transparency and human oversight. While AI offers benefits, its workplace integration demands careful consideration, testing, and ongoing evaluation.


Mda Services: Yes, You Can Recoup Your Dues With Mda-Endorsed Programs, Reva Darling Jan 2024

Mda Services: Yes, You Can Recoup Your Dues With Mda-Endorsed Programs, Reva Darling

The Journal of the Michigan Dental Association

MDA Services Report highlights how being an organized dentistry member can yield significant financial returns through MDA-endorsed products and services. By leveraging just eight of the 32 endorsed offerings, potential savings of $25,659 are achievable. Key endorsed services include Best Card for credit card processing, iCoreConnect for software needs, Quality Dental Plan for in-office dental plans, The Dentists Supply Company (TDSC.com) for supplies, ProSites for website and e-marketing, D-MMEX Easyrefine for precious metal refining, Eagle Associates for regulatory compliance, and Dental Business Specialists for accounting. Members are urged to explore the range of endorsed programs for comprehensive benefits.


A Tale 3 Airlines: Customer Service In Summer 2022, John C. Griffith, Donna Roberts Jan 2024

A Tale 3 Airlines: Customer Service In Summer 2022, John C. Griffith, Donna Roberts

International Journal of Aviation, Aeronautics, and Aerospace

Does customer service - good or bad - really matter? Customer surveys from Ryanair, Southwest and Spirit Airline passengers were examined to determine their perceptions on customer service for May through September 2022. Ryanair (n=71) and Southwest (n=102) were rated significantly higher than Spirit Airlines (n=263) in overall rating (p


A Quantitative Analysis Of Seaplane Accidents From 1982-2021, David C. Ison Jan 2024

A Quantitative Analysis Of Seaplane Accidents From 1982-2021, David C. Ison

International Journal of Aviation, Aeronautics, and Aerospace

This study aimed to assess and analyze all historical National Transportation Safety Board accident reports since 1982. For analysis, reports were bisected into seaplane (float, amphibian, and hull) and non-seaplane groups. Findings showed that there is a deficiency in the level of available detail on the seaplane fleet and cadre of seaplane pilots in the U.S. During the most recent ten years of complete data (2012-2021) showed a negative trend in all accidents and fatal accidents, although only the latter being statistically convincing. During this timeframe, seaplane accident pilots had significantly higher total time and age than other groups (non-seaplane …