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Articles 2761 - 2790 of 2856
Full-Text Articles in Business
The Process Of Internationalization In The Operating Firm, Timothy Adrian Robert Clark, Derek S. Pugh, Geoff Mallory
The Process Of Internationalization In The Operating Firm, Timothy Adrian Robert Clark, Derek S. Pugh, Geoff Mallory
Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School Of Business
Two factors have been emphasised as influencing the choice of, and subsequent shifts between, modes of foreign market servicing: (1) market-specific knowledge; and (2) the generalised knowledge from operating internationally. The process-oriented literature on internalisation has tended to emphasise the former over the latter. This article maintains that market-specific knowledge is not the only source of information available to a firm. As firms operate in foreign markets they develop, in addition to networks of institutional arrangements, a knowledge of the process of internationalization. Account therefore has to be taken of the general knowledge from operating internationally in understanding the development …
The Revolution In Retailing: Introduction To The Special Issue, Nirmalya Kumar
The Revolution In Retailing: Introduction To The Special Issue, Nirmalya Kumar
Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School Of Business
No abstract provided.
The Revolution In Retailing: From Market Driven To Market Driving, Nirmalya Kumar
The Revolution In Retailing: From Market Driven To Market Driving, Nirmalya Kumar
Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School Of Business
The first image aroused by 'retailing' for many of us, especially those of us who are somewhat older, is that of the corner grocery store. Not so long agb retailing was, and it still is in some parts of the world, a fragmented, local, unsophisticated, traditional business run by vulnerable owner-operators. Yet, here we are talking about a revolution in retailing. Why? What has changed? Fundamentally retailers have grown up over the past 25 years into large, global, technology-intensive, powerful, fast-growth corporations managing their own brands. Several retailers have become the darlings of their stock markets. Hennes and Mauritz, the …
A Framework For Reaching Agreement On Climate Change: Morals, Self-Interest, And Strategy, F. Ted Tschang, N. S. Murthy, K. S. Kavi Kumar
A Framework For Reaching Agreement On Climate Change: Morals, Self-Interest, And Strategy, F. Ted Tschang, N. S. Murthy, K. S. Kavi Kumar
Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School Of Business
This paper examines why negotiations following the Framework Convention on Climate Change (FCCC) have stalled and makes suggestions on how to circumvent the obstacles. In particular, the paper: - illustrates how current barriers to international agreement on climate change (CC) decompose into the separate components-self-interest, morality and strategy and discuss how the recent country positions are mixing them. - discusses some elements of a conceptual framework that will serve as a benchmark for assessing the feasibility of a proposal for a CC agreement. - discusses a few modest proposals that could potentially end the current stalemate, and also the potential …
Breaking Trends And The Money-Output Correlation, David Fernandez
Breaking Trends And The Money-Output Correlation, David Fernandez
Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School Of Business
This paper examines the impact on the money-output correlation of a univariate specification that allows time series to be characterized as stationary around a broken trend function. Though pretesting suggests that U.S. real output (industrial production) can be described as broken-trend stationary, this result has only limited impact on the money-output correlation. Before 1985 there is a strong Granger causal relationship between money and broken-detrended output (hut not first-differenced output), even when different short-term interest rates are used as regressors. However, after 1985 this relationship weakens significantly, whether or not one determines that output has a unit root.
Entrepreneurship On The Threshold Of 21st Century, Wee Liang Tan
Entrepreneurship On The Threshold Of 21st Century, Wee Liang Tan
Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School Of Business
With this issue we would have joined the world in watching Hong Kong, reknown as an entrepreneurial economy, move across the threshold to mainland Chinese control. In Hong Kong, entrepreneurship moves across a threshold to another environment the conditions of which may be different. There are opposing views whether the situation will be restrictive to entrepreneurship. Entrepreneurs operating in Hong Kong would have made alternative plans and strategies. Only time will tell how the events will unfold, suffice to be prepared for the transition is far better than not to have been.
A Variance Decomposition Analysis Of The Information In The Term Structure, Louis H. Ederington, Jeremy C. Goh
A Variance Decomposition Analysis Of The Information In The Term Structure, Louis H. Ederington, Jeremy C. Goh
Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School Of Business
Based on a market efficiency assumption, we use variance decomposition analysis is to separate information in the term structure on expected future spot rates from information on time-varying term premia and to examine the market's ability to forecast both future rate changes and excess returns on long versus short securities. We find that fluctuations in the slope of the yield curve are due more to changing term premia than to fluctuations in expected future spot rates and that the market correctly predicts about 40 percent of the month-to-month changes in spot rates, a considerably higher percentage than that found by …
Making Sense Of The Asian Success Story: An Integrative Framework, Chow Hou Wee, Gilbert Tan
Making Sense Of The Asian Success Story: An Integrative Framework, Chow Hou Wee, Gilbert Tan
Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School Of Business
The article focuses on Asian countries that have experienced economic growth over the past 50 years including Hong Kong, China; Japan; Singapore; South Korea and Taiwan. With the exception of Hong Kong, the economic success of the Asian countries has been attributed to the interventionist framework. Export-orientation is one strategy that is most associated with the success of the five Asian countries. The export-oriented strategy helped the five Asian countries in many ways. The ensuring growth of employment enabled the country to save and accumulate capital for reinvestment. The export-oriented strategy also positively affects the competitive advantages of the country. …
Rules For References: Suggested Guidelines For Choosing Literature Citations For Research Articles In Applied Psychology, Michael A. Campion, Carl P. Maertz, David K. Palmer, Hwee Hoon Tan
Rules For References: Suggested Guidelines For Choosing Literature Citations For Research Articles In Applied Psychology, Michael A. Campion, Carl P. Maertz, David K. Palmer, Hwee Hoon Tan
Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School Of Business
A survey was conducted of reviewers' opinions of the proper rules for when and how references should be used to support points made in research articles in applied psychology and related fields. The reviewers opinions were distilled into a set of rules or guidelines for proper referencing in research articles. These rules are presented.
Joint Variance Ratio Tests Of The Martingale Hypothesis For Exchange Rates, Wai Mun Fong, Benedict Seng Kee Koh, Sam Ouliaris
Joint Variance Ratio Tests Of The Martingale Hypothesis For Exchange Rates, Wai Mun Fong, Benedict Seng Kee Koh, Sam Ouliaris
Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School Of Business
There is considerable interest in whether exchange rates behave like martingales. Liu and He tested the martingale hypothesis for exchange rates using the variance-ratio methodology of Lo and MacKinlay. They found that exchange rates have violated the martingale property since the inception of floating rates in 1973. Liu and He did not consider the joint implications of their tests, however. In this article, we reassess the martingale hypothesis for exchange rates using the joint tests developed by Hochberg and by Richardson and Smith. Contrary to the findings of Liu and He, the joint tests indicate that the martingale model worked …
A Visual Approach For Identifying Consumer Satisfaction Segments, Estelami Hooman, Peter De Maeyer
A Visual Approach For Identifying Consumer Satisfaction Segments, Estelami Hooman, Peter De Maeyer
Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School Of Business
No abstract provided.
Salesforce Evaluation By Local And Foreign Wholesale Companies In Singapore, Rajah Vellan Komaran, Lee Ching Tok
Salesforce Evaluation By Local And Foreign Wholesale Companies In Singapore, Rajah Vellan Komaran, Lee Ching Tok
Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School Of Business
No abstract provided.
The Information Content Of Fdi Announcements: Evidence From An Emerging Market, David K. Ding, Qian Sun
The Information Content Of Fdi Announcements: Evidence From An Emerging Market, David K. Ding, Qian Sun
Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School Of Business
This study examines the stock return responses to the announcements of foreign direct investments (FDI) by Singaporean companies. A standard event study methodology is used to ascertain the abnormal returns around the announcement day (day 0). The study covers the period from 1989 to 1994 with a sample size of 70 events. The announcement effect is positive and significant around the announcement day. The average abnormal return is 0.4913 percent on day 0, and the two-day (days 0 and 1) cumulative abnormal return is 0.9642 percent. However, the abnormal return is unequally distributed across the sample firms. A cross-sectional analysis …
The Opening Price Behavior: Foreign Exchange Futures Market Versus Equity Market, Quentin C. Chu, David K. Ding, C. S. Pyun
The Opening Price Behavior: Foreign Exchange Futures Market Versus Equity Market, Quentin C. Chu, David K. Ding, C. S. Pyun
Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School Of Business
Daily opening, noon, and closing prices of Deutschemark and Japanese yen futures are examined for the efficiency of the foreign exchange futures (FXF) market. Variance ratio and multiple variance ratio tests, are employed. The prices are found to be serially uncorrelated. This random walk behavior sheds light on the differences between the FXF and commodity or equity markets. The conclusions suggest that the FXF market is a 24-hour global market, reflecting a disparity with equity markets where round-the-clock trading is advocated since the high volatility during market opening would be eliminated, leading to potential cost reductions for traders as spreads …
The Impact Of Strategic Choice On The International-Ization Of The Firm, Timothy Clark, Geoff Mallory
The Impact Of Strategic Choice On The International-Ization Of The Firm, Timothy Clark, Geoff Mallory
Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School Of Business
Companies either seeking to expand into foreign markets or to alter their existing institutional arrangements have a choice between three forms of foreign market servicing: exporting, foreign licensing and foreign direct investment (FDI)1 (Buckley 1991; Buckley and Casson 1976; Root 1987; Terpstra 1987). The ‘stages theory of internationalisation’ proposes that these options are chosen in a linear sequence in that firms initially export, then establish a sales subsidiary and only when they have built up knowledge and experience do they invest directly.
The Power Of Trust In Manufacturer-Retailer Relationships, Nirmalya Kumar
The Power Of Trust In Manufacturer-Retailer Relationships, Nirmalya Kumar
Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School Of Business
Manufacturers and retailers traditionally have seen each other as adversaries, but the benefits generated by trusting relationships between such old foes as Procter & Gamble Company and Wal-Mart Stores show that fear and intimidation may not be the most effective way for manufacturers and retailers to deal with each other after all. Studies of manufacturer-retailer relationships in a variety of industries reveal that exploiting power has three major drawbacks. it can come back to haunt a company if the balance of power changes; victims will ultimately seek ways to resist such exploitation; and working as partners allows retailers and manufacturers …
The Effects Of Trust And Interdependence On Relationship Commitment: A Trans-Atlantic Study, Inge Geyskens, Jan-Benedict E. M. Steenkamp, Lisa K. Scheer, Nirmalya Kumar
The Effects Of Trust And Interdependence On Relationship Commitment: A Trans-Atlantic Study, Inge Geyskens, Jan-Benedict E. M. Steenkamp, Lisa K. Scheer, Nirmalya Kumar
Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School Of Business
In recent years, interorganizational relationship management has become of paramount interest in marketing channels research. Marketing managers and researchers have identified mutual commitment among exchange partners in a marketing channel as central to successful relationship marketing and as key to producing significant benefits for firms. We consider two types of commitment that may characterize interfirm relationships. Affective commitment expresses the extent to which channel members like to maintain their relationship with specific partners. Calculative commitment measures the degree to which channel members experience the need to maintain a relationship. After conceptualizing commitment, we offer a set of hypotheses concerning the …
Resource-Constrained Project Scheduling: A Survey Of Recent Developments, Willy Herroelen, Erik Demeulemeester, Bert De Reyck
Resource-Constrained Project Scheduling: A Survey Of Recent Developments, Willy Herroelen, Erik Demeulemeester, Bert De Reyck
Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School Of Business
Resource-constrained project scheduling involves the scheduling of project activities subject to precedence and resource constraints in order to meet the objective(s) in the best possible way. The area covers a wide variety of problem types. The objective of this paper is to provide a survey of what we believe are the important recent developments in the area. Our main focus will be on the recent progress made in and the encouraging computational experience gained with the use of optimal solution procedures for the basic resource-constrained project scheduling problem (RCPSP) and important extensions. We illustrate how the branching rules, dominance and …
Sustaining International Linkages: A Dynamic Competence View, William C. Bogner, Howard Thomas
Sustaining International Linkages: A Dynamic Competence View, William C. Bogner, Howard Thomas
Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School Of Business
Strategic alliances have been growing in popularity among firms over the past 10 years. The basis for the formation of truly strategic alliance has been presented by several authors who use the theoretical foundations that are popular in strategic management, in particular the resource-based theory of the firm, organizational learning theory and industrial organizational economics. Still, little has been said about why these alliances are sustained. This paper takes those same theoretical bases and constructs a basic set of propositions about the continuation of strategic alliances.
Challenges Of Global Economic Competition: The Singapore Response, Caroline Yeoh
Challenges Of Global Economic Competition: The Singapore Response, Caroline Yeoh
Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School Of Business
No abstract provided.
On The Use Of The Complexity Index As A Measure Of Complexity In Activity Networks, Bert De Reyck, Willy Herroelen
On The Use Of The Complexity Index As A Measure Of Complexity In Activity Networks, Bert De Reyck, Willy Herroelen
Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School Of Business
A large number of optimal and suboptimal procedures have been developed for solving combinatorial problems modeled as activity networks. The need to differentiate between easy and hard problem instances and the interest in isolating the fundamental factors that determine the computing effort required by these procedures, inspired a number of researchers to develop various complexity measures. In this paper we investigate the relation between the hardness of a problem instance and the topological structure of its underlying network, as measured by the complexity index. We demonstrate through a series of experiments that the complexity index, defined as the minimum number …
Trading Networks Of Chinese Entrepreneurs In Singapore, Thomas Menkhoff, Chalmers E. Labig
Trading Networks Of Chinese Entrepreneurs In Singapore, Thomas Menkhoff, Chalmers E. Labig
Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School Of Business
The entrenchment of entrepreneurs in local, regional, or global business networks based on kinship, clanship, territorial, or ethnic ties has often been cited as characteristic of Chinese business communities in Southeast Asia. Qualitative interviews with Singaporean Chinese merchant-exporters were conducted in order to examine this thesis. The findings reveal that there is a strong tendency among Chinese entrepreneurs in Singapore to rely on external commercial relationships with ‘outsiders’ and ‘friends’ rather with those related by blood or marriage. It is suggested that kinship reciprocity may under some circumstances curb the autonomy and freedom of the transacting actors, thus limiting their …
Reducing Cycle Time At An Ibm Wafer Fabrication Facility, Lieven Demeester, Christopher S. Tang
Reducing Cycle Time At An Ibm Wafer Fabrication Facility, Lieven Demeester, Christopher S. Tang
Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School Of Business
In 1991, IBM San Jose decided to produce and sell magnetic heads for computer disk drives on the open market to original equipment manufacturers. However, as IBM's wafer fabrication facility increased the number of products it manufactured, its manufacturing cycle time lengthened. Since cycle time is important in competing in the open market, IBM San Jose formed a study team (in cooperation with UCLA) to examine the wafer fab and to develop ways to reduce cycle time. The team designed a new production control system and proposed new performance measures for operators and engineers. IBM implemented the new production control …
Semiparametric Exploration Of Long Memory In Stock Prices, David K. C. Lee, Peter M. Robinson
Semiparametric Exploration Of Long Memory In Stock Prices, David K. C. Lee, Peter M. Robinson
Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School Of Business
New or modified methods for semiparametric analysis of fractional long memory in time series are described and applied to twenty-six stock prices and two stock indices. Evidence is found that some, but not all, of the stocks have long memory, while one of the indices exhibits mean reversion.
The Management Guru As Organizational Witchdoctor, Timothy Adrian Robert Clark, Graeme Salaman
The Management Guru As Organizational Witchdoctor, Timothy Adrian Robert Clark, Graeme Salaman
Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School Of Business
This paper suggests that the work of management gurus resembles the performance of a witchdoctor. Central to the work of management gurus is the achievement of transformations of consciousness among their audiences of managers. The view of management gurus offered in this paper has three elements: (1) the key to understanding the power and impact of gurus is to see what they do as a performance; (2) that this performance is of a particular kind-that of a witchdoctor; (3) that management gurus act as the functional equivalents to witchdoctors in modern organizations. The paper argues that at the heart of …
A Comparison Of The Perceptions Of Clients And Design Consultants Toward Corporate Identity Programs, Dae Ryun Chang, Don Ryun Chang, Kwon Soo Lee
A Comparison Of The Perceptions Of Clients And Design Consultants Toward Corporate Identity Programs, Dae Ryun Chang, Don Ryun Chang, Kwon Soo Lee
Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School Of Business
Although much attention has been given to the importance of developing and using corporate and brand identity programs (from hereon essentially combined and referred to as CI), in the business literature in contrast academic treatment is less abundant and in particular there is little research on their actual implementation. While the motivation for the emergence of CI is easily understood, what is not clear is how effective these programs are after implementation. In this paper we focus on two communities responsible for the creation and implementation of identity programs, the clients and the designers. Even within client corporations of CI …
Organization Structure And Structural Change In European Manufacturing Organisations, Derek Pugh, Timothy Adrian Robert Clark, Geoff Mallory
Organization Structure And Structural Change In European Manufacturing Organisations, Derek Pugh, Timothy Adrian Robert Clark, Geoff Mallory
Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School Of Business
The paper considers two approaches to thestudy of the impact of national cultures on thestructure of organizations; viz: culture free andculture bound approaches. Af ter a discussionof the problems of obtaining comparable datain cross-cultural research, the preliminary results of a comparative study of large manufacturing organizations in six countries in Europeare presented. The results suggest that whileformal organizational authority structures appear to be culture free reflecting the impact ofstrategic contingencies, use of coordinationtechniques, such as regular top managementmeetings and task forces, is more affected bycultural factors.
The Effects Of Perceived Interdependence On Dealer Attitudes, Nirmalya Kumar, Lisa K. Scheer, Jan-Benedict E. M. Steenkamp
The Effects Of Perceived Interdependence On Dealer Attitudes, Nirmalya Kumar, Lisa K. Scheer, Jan-Benedict E. M. Steenkamp
Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School Of Business
Channels research has consistently argued that asymmetric channel relationships are more dysfunctional than those characterized by symmetric interdependence, The authors propose that the degree of both interdependence asymmetry and total interdependence affect the level of interfirm conflict, trust, and commitment. Using survey data from automobile dealers, they demonstrate that, with increasing interdependence asymmetry, the dealer's trust in and commitment to the supplier decline while interfirm conflict increases, In addition, they demonstrate that relationships with greater total interdependence exhibit higher trust, stronger commitment, and lower conflict than relationships with lower interdependence. The effects on conflict are consistent with those predicted by …
Rivalry And The Industry Model Of Scottish Knitwear Producers, Joseph F. Porac, Howard Thomas, Fiona Wilson, Douglas Patton, Alaina Kanfer
Rivalry And The Industry Model Of Scottish Knitwear Producers, Joseph F. Porac, Howard Thomas, Fiona Wilson, Douglas Patton, Alaina Kanfer
Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School Of Business
In this paper we argue that market boundaries are socially constructed around a collective cognitive model that summarizes typical organizational forms within an industry. This model is produced when firms observe each other's actions and define unique product positions in relation to each other. Our study examines the question of how firms define a reference group of rivals when market cues are ambiguous and interorganizational variety is high and identifies the industry model underlying rivalry among Scottish knitwear producers. The data suggest that a six-category model of organizational forms best describes the common sense of competition in the industry and …
A Bayesian Technique For Refining The Uncertainty In Global Energy Model Forecasts, F. Ted Tschang, Hadi Dowlatabadi
A Bayesian Technique For Refining The Uncertainty In Global Energy Model Forecasts, F. Ted Tschang, Hadi Dowlatabadi
Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School Of Business
Global energy models have a large degree of uncertainty associated with them. This consists of uncertainty in the model structure as well as uncertainty in the exogenous input parameters. This paper combines Monte Carlo methods with Bayesian updating techniques to provide a method for refining the uncertainty in the Edmonds-Reilly global energy model. The Bayesian updating technique uses likelihood-based windows constructed from actual observations of the output variables to filter out the model simulations that do not conform with the observed output. The windows are based on outputs of energy consumption and carbon emissions. Two alternative model structures are examined: …