Business Commons^™

Why Can’T A Family Business Be More Like A Nonfamily Business? Modes Of Professionalization In Family Firms, Alex Stewart, Michael A. Hitt

Alex Stewart

The authors survey arguments that family firms should behave more like nonfamily firms and “professionalize.” Despite the apparent advantages of this transition, many family firms fail to do so or do so only partially. The authors reflect on why this might be so, and the range of possible modes of professionalization. They derive six ideal types: (a) minimally professional family firms; (b) wealth dispensing, private family firms; (c) entrepreneurially operated family firms; (d) entrepreneurial family business groups; (e) pseudoprofessional, public family firms; and (f) hybrid professional family firms. The authors conclude with suggestions for further research that is attentive to …

The Bigman Metaphor For Entrepreneurship: A "Library Tale" With Morals On Alternatives For Further Research, Alex Stewart

Alex Stewart

Melanesian Bigmanship (a meritocratic, enacted career of political-economic leadership) is recounted as an anthropological metaphor for entrepreneurship. This “library tale” has two purposes. The first is a demonstration of conceptual uses of ethnographies for developing grounded theory. Propositions are generated on entrepreneurial orientations and opportunity structures. Opportunities are seen to arise in the creation of linkages between spheres of exchange, or fields in which an object exchanges at different values. Entrepreneurial tactics, such as converting between spheres, call for skills in informal planning, astute use of timing, and networking. These “tactical” skills coexist with “moral” skills, in persuasiveness, the manipulation …

Subprime Lending In The Primary And Secondary Mortgage Market, Anthony Pennington-Cross

Anthony Pennington-Cross

This article provides an exploratory analysis of the role of subprime lending through an examination of the spatial distribution of Federal Housing Administration (FHA)—eligible home purchase loans in the primary and secondary mortgage markets. Loan originations are aggregated to the metropolitan statistical area level to examine the proportion of the market served by FHA, prime, and subprime lenders. The article then examines whether subprime lenders hold their loans in portfolio or sell them to private conduits. Primary market results indicate that subprime lenders are more active in cities with worse economic risk characteristics. Secondary market results indicate that although subprime …

Federal Housing Administration In The New Millennium, Anthony Pennington-Cross, Anthony Yezer

Anthony Pennington-Cross

The first challenge in attempting to predict the future of the Federal Housing Administration (FHA) is to understand why it is still here. No other depression-era mortgage-market institution has survived without substantial modification. We conclude that its survival has depended on its ability to invent new purposes for itself. For example, it changed from a replacement for failed private mortgage insurance using economic soundness as an insurance criterion to an innovator in high-risk lending based on an acceptable risk criterion. FHA has developed special programs to serve the needs of specific groups. We believe this pattern of change in purposes …

Narcissism In Public Accounting Firms, Michael D. Akers, Don E. Giacomino, Jill Weber

Michael D. Akers

Similar to other characteristics, narcissism is a personality trait that varies by individuals. While the management literature has examined narcissism, there is limited research of narcissism of professionals in public accounting firms. Using the Narcissistic Personality Inventory (NPI), we assess the level of narcissism in practitioners of public accounting firms by examining differences by gender, age, practice area and position. We also compare our results with a prior study that examined narcissism of accounting majors. Our findings show there are differences between accounting students and accounting professionals for certain traits and gender. We also find there are differences for professionals …

Does Ai Research Aid Prediction? A Review And Evaluation, Monica Adya, Fred Collopy

Monica Adya

Despite the increasing application of Artificial Intelligence (AI) techniques to business over the past decade, there are mixed views regarding their contribution. Assessing the contribution of AI to business has been difficult, in part, due to lack of evaluation criteria. In this study, we identified general criteria for evaluating this body of fiterature. Within this framework, we examined applications of AI to business forecasting and prediction. For each of the seventy studies located through our search, we evaluated how effectively the proposed technique was compared with alternatives (effectiveness of validation) as well as how well the technique was implemented (effectiveness …

Control, Process Facilitation, And Requirements Change In Offshore Requirements Analysis: The Provider Perspective, Vanita Yadav, Monica Adya, Varadharajan Sridhar, Dhruva Nath

Monica Adya

Process, technology, and project factors have been increasingly driving organizations to offshore early software development phases, such as requirements analysis. This emerging trend necessitates greater control and process facilitation between client and vendor sites. The effectiveness of control and facilitation has, however, not been examined within the context of requirements analysis and change. In this study, we examine the role of control and facilitation in managing changing requirements and on success of requirements gathering in the Indian offshore software development environment. Firms found that control by client-site coordinators had a positive impact on requirements analysis success while vender site-coordinators did …

The Sfa Business Review Vol. 2 No. 2, M. Dudley Stewart, Ralph L. White, John H. Lewis, Danny R. Arnold, John D. Whitt, Patsy Spurrier, Janelle C. Ashley

Ralph E. White

No abstract provided.

The Sfa Business Review Vol. 3 No. 2, M. Dudley Stewart, Janelle C. Ashley, John D. Whitt, Marlin C. Young, Ralph White

Ralph E. White

No abstract provided.

Body Mass Bias In A Competition Of Muscle Strength And Aerobic Power, Paul M. Vanderburgh, Lloyd L. Laubach

Paul M. Vanderburgh

Recently, a fitness competition called the Pump and Run (PR) has been popularized. Composed of 2 events, a 5-km road race time (RT) in seconds and a maximal-repetition bench press (BPR) with resistance based on a percentage of body mass (M), the final score (RTadj) equals RT - 30(BPR). From published findings, the authors hypothesized that the PR would impose a bias against heavier competitors. Furthermore, the potential for age bias in this event has not been evaluated. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to investigate M and age bias in the PR for men and women. For 74 …

Correction Factors For Body Mass In Military Physical Fitness Tests, Paul M. Vanderburgh

Paul M. Vanderburgh

Recent research findings combined with the theoretical laws of biological similarity make the compelling case that all physical fitness test items for the Army, Air Force, and Navy impose a 15-20% physiologic bias against heavier, not fatter, men and women. Using the published findings that actual scores of muscle and aerobic endurance scale by body mass raised to the 1/3 power, correction factor tables were developed. This correction factor can be multiplied by one’s actual score (e.g., push-ups, sit-ups, abdominal crunches, or curl-ups repetitions or distance run time) to yield adjusted scores that are free of body mass bias. These …

Derivation Of An Age And Weight Handicap For The 5k Run, Paul M. Vanderburgh, Lloyd L. Laubach

Paul M. Vanderburgh

The adverse effect of increasing age and/or body weight on distance run performance has been well documented. Accordingly, nearly all five kilometer (5K) road races employ age categories and, sometimes, a heavier body weight classification. Problems with such conventions include small numbers of runners within older age categories and the advantage given to the lightest runners within each weight category. We developed a 5K Handicap (5KH), a model that calculates an adjusted run time based on the inputs of actual 5K run time, age, and body weight for men and women. This adjusted time, then, can be compared between runners …

Occupational Relevance And Body Mass Bias In Military Physical Fitness Tests, Paul M. Vanderburgh

Paul M. Vanderburgh

Recent evidence makes a compelling case that U.S. Army, Navy, and Air Force health-related physical fitness tests penalize larger, not just fatter, service members. As a result, they tend to receive lower scores than their lighter counterparts, the magnitude of which can be explained by biological scaling laws. Larger personnel, on the other hand, tend to be better performers of work-related fitness tasks such as load carriage, heavy lifting and materiel handling. This has been explained by empirical evidence that lean body mass and lean body mass to dead mass ratio (dead mass = fat mass and external load to …

Load Carriage Distance Run And Pushups Tests: No Body Mass Bias And Occupationally Relevant, Paul M. Vanderburgh, Nicholas S. Mickley, Philip A. Anloague, Kimber Lucius

Paul M. Vanderburgh

Recent research has demonstrated body mass (M) bias in military physical fi tness tests favoring lighter, not just leaner, service members. Mathematical modeling predicts that a distance run carrying a backpack of 30 lbs would eliminate M-bias. The purpose of this study was to empirically test this prediction for the U.S. Army push-ups and 2-mile run tests. Two tests were performed for both events for each of 56 university Reserve Offi cer Training Corps male cadets: with (loaded) and without backpack (unloaded). Results indicated signifi cant M-bias in the unloaded and no M-bias in the loaded condition for both events. …

Validity Of Boston Marathon Qualifying Times, Paul M. Vanderburgh

Paul M. Vanderburgh

Purpose: To assess the validity of Boston Marathon qualifying (BMQ) standards for men and women. Methods: Percent differences between BMQ and current world records (WR) by sex and age group were computed. WR was chosen as the criterion comparison because it is not confounded by intensity, body composition, lifestyle, or environmental factors. A consistent difference across age groups would indicate an appropriate slope of the age-vs-BMQ curve. Inconsistent differences were corrected by adjusting BMQ standards to achieve a uniform percentage difference from WR. Results: BMQ standards for men were consistently ~50% slower than WR (mean 51.5% ± 1.4%, range 49.6–54.4%), …

Are Returns Received By Householders From Electricity Generated By Solar Panels Assessable Income?, John Passant, John A. Mclaren, Parulian Silaen

John Passant

More than one million households in Australia are generating electricity from solar photovoltaic panels installed on their homes and they receive a credit or payment, namely a return in some form for the electricity generated. The focus of this article is on domestic households and the returns they receive from solar panels installed on their roofs. This article contends that such returns in the form of a credit or actual payment to households for electricity generated from solar panels is ordinary income from property and should be treated as assessable income. Where the electricity generated is fed back into the …

Long Island Technology Companies' Devices Let Retailers Personalize The In-Store Shopping Experience, Aisha Al-Muslim

Aisha Al-Muslim

No abstract provided.

Socially Efficient Control Of Carcinogen Emissions From Open Top Vapor Cleaners In Lndiana, Robert S. Main

Robert S. Main

Robert Main's contribution to the Indiana Academy of the Social Sciences Proceedings, 1995.

Roosevelt-Based Parabit Systems Develops Bank Security Technology, Aisha Al-Muslim

Aisha Al-Muslim

No abstract provided.

Sustaining Library Faculty: The Elephant Is Big And Gray And Is In The Library, Valeria Long, Lynn Sheehan

valeria long

Creating Organizational Community: The Role Of New Employee Onboarding Practices Acrl Poster 2015, Bruce Keisling, Melissa Laning

Bruce L. Keisling

Florida Undergraduate Research Conference Abstract 2015, Aaron D. Clevenger

Aaron D. Clevenger

The Influence Of Title Ix On Personal And Professional Biographies Of Early Career Female Club Volleyball Coaches, Dennis Dahlberg, George M. De Marco, Corinne M. Daprano, Carolyn Ridenour

Carolyn S. Ridenour

Seeking to understand the relationship between Title IX and its impact on a select group of its contemporary beneficiaries, the purpose of this study was to determine the influence of Title IX on the personal and professional biographies of 8 early career female club volleyball coaches. This study utilized a modified case study design featuring constant comparison data analysis. Data were collected using a qualitative interview technique with each of the candidate’s interviews subdivided into four distinct sections. Part I of the interview established a basic personal and professional biography of each individual coach. Part II provided data on the …

Comparison Of The Effect Of Caffeine Ingestion On Time To Exhaustion Between Endurance Trained And Untrained Men, Steven Porterfield, Jon Linderman, Lloyd L. Laubach, Corinne M. Daprano

Jon Linderman

This study compared the ergogenic effects of caffeine on men who were endurance trained to those who were untrained. The study was a double-blind, placebo-controlled crossover experimental design. Ten endurance trained men (mean age 24.4 ± 2.0 yrs, weight 79.4 ± 8.5 kg, predicted VO2 max 46.3 ± 1.8 mL·kg-1·min-1) and 10 untrained men (mean age 22.8 ± 1.9 yrs, weight 88.9 ± 9.9 kg, predicted VO2 max 37.6 ± 2.7 mL·kg-1·min-1) completed two cycle ergometer trials to exhaustion at 80% of their predicted workload max 30 min after ingesting either 5 mg·kg-1 of body weight of caffeine or a …

The Perversity Of Sexual-Harassment Law: Effects Of Recent Court Rulings, David Sherwyn, Michael C. Sturman, Zev J. Eigen, Michael Heise, Jenn Walwyn

Michael Heise

The outcome of 109 motions for summary judgment filed since June 1998, in which employers argued that a hostile-environment case should be dismissed because the employer satisfied, as a matter of law, the affirmative defense are analyzed. The examination of these cases provides the opportunity to test past conjecture and describe how courts have implemented the Ellerh and Faragher rulings. It is found that employers are still able to prevail in summary-judgment motions. With evidence showing that employers can satisfy the affirmative defense, each of the three areas that commentators have suggested should have prevented such success is examined. What …

A Rationale For Meeting Quotas Asymmetrically, J. Patrick Meister, Robert S. Main

Robert S. Main

Under certain conditions, otherwise identical, competing firms may find it jointly preferable to face differing degrees of trade barriers on individual products rather than symmetric trade barriers. The key is the ability to reduce marginal production cost via research and development. The economic significance of this insight is that there could be a role for a market for quota allotments. This insight also has applications to Voluntary Export Restraints in which a priori symmetric, restricted firms may prefer to have individual production levels allocated asymmetrically. This indicates the need for detailed studies of how quotas are met by individual firms. …

Innovation In The Not For Profit Sector: A Regional Australian Case Study., Grant Cairncross, Charlie Brennan, Julie Tucker

Grant Cairncross

This paper explores the impact of the “Innovation Farm,” a social innovation project that aimed to help long-term unemployed, highly disadvantaged jobseekers living on the Coffs Coast of the Mid-North Coast of New South Wales, overcome barriers to employment and/or further training. The project was delivered by the Coffs Harbour Employment Support Services (CHESS), a not-for-profit, social enterprise organisation. It was funded from 2009-2012 by the Australian Federal Government’s Department of Employment Education and Workplace Relations (DEEWR) through the Department’s Innovation Fund. The research found that whilst the project achieved a commendable level of success its on-going viability was compromised …

A Primer On Copyright And Fair Use, Ann E. Biswas, Charles J. Russo

Charles J. Russo

One student creates a video for class using a Lady Gaga song. Another puts together a PowerPoint presentation about the Vietnam War using images she found online. A third student adds a link to a YouTube video in a blog post for an English class. One teacher photocopies and distributes articles from a national newspaper. Another teacher records a television documentary at home and shows it to her class. Did those students and teachers violate copyright law? The complex, evolving laws governing copyright and fair use are muddied by the rapid growth and use of technology in schools, yet it's …

Leadership, Trust And Communication: Building Trust In Companies Through Effective Communication, Martin Mathews, Katalin Illes

Martin Mathews

How can leaders contribute to building (or rebuilding) trust through effective communication?

Use Of An Advising Team, Jane E. Campbell, Randy Stuart

Randy S Stuart

The Michael J. Coles College of Business at Kennesaw State University uses selected faculty members on an Advising Team, and provides access to them through walk-in advising hours. Compared to our previous approach of assigning students to all faculty members, the benefits of this system for the students are more efficient and effective advising. Students have access to advising at more times, and are more likely to get correct answers quickly. The benefits for the faculty are that the faculty members on the Team enjoy advising and can have their performance expectations tailored to include advising, while those faculty members …