Business Commons^™

Livestock Behavior As Related To Handling Facilities Design, Temple Grandin

Agribusiness Collection

A knowledge of the behavior of different species of livestock as well as different breeds within a particular species is essential to the proper planning of a handling facility. An optimal facility should incorporate features which minimize stress on the animal and maximize the efficiency of movement from holding pen to slaughter area. Handler awareness of the animals' perception of critical distance flight zone and personal space requirements also reduces problems with balking and alarm behavior. Many improvements can be made with relative ease, thus enabling already existing facilities to upgrade their operations.

Bruises And Carcass Damage, Temple Grandin

Agribusiness Collection

Bruising and carcass damage is a major source of financial loss to slaughterhouses in the United States, approximately $46 million per annum. The absence of easily administered tests to determine where and/or when bruising occurs results in the slaughter plant absorbing carcass damage costs. Rough, abusive handling of livestock accounts for over half of all bruising. Injuries occur through overuse of persuaders, careless transport methods, and faulty equipment. Other elements relevant to carcass loss include branding cattle, abscesses, spreader and crippling injuries, sickness and death during extreme weather conditions, and carcass shrink. The 1979 regulations under the Humane Methods of …

Designs And Specifications For Livestock Handling Equipment In Slaughter Plants, Temple Grandin

Agribusiness Collection

Properly designed, maintained and operated livestock handling facilities are more humane and more efficient in ensuring a steady uninterrupted flow of livestock to the slaughter line, and will usually pay for themselves by reducing bruises, injuries and lost work time. Down time or lost work time in a large slaughter plant is expensive since a five minute delay can cost over $500 in lost meat production. Another benefit of good systems is increased safety for the employees; many serious accidents have occurred when agitated cattle turn and trample a handler.

Although specific recommendations vary for different species, certain general principles …

Mechanical, Electrical And Anesthetic Stunning Methods For Livestock, Temple Grandin

Agribusiness Collection

A good stunning method must render an animal unable to experience pain and sensation prior to hoisting and slaughter. The three basic types of stunning methods which are classified as being humane (i.e., painless) in the United States, Europe and other foreign countries are captive bolt (penetrating and nonpenetrating), electrical, and C02 (carbon dioxide) gas anesthesia.

The physiological mechanisms of stress are the same before and after the onset of unconsciousness. The release of epinephrine as a result of stress inducers has an effect on the quality of the meat and it is therefore desirable to use a stunning method …

The Effect Of Stress On Livestock And Meat Quality Prior To And During Slaughter, Temple Grandin

Agribusiness Collection

The effects of stress on cattle, pigs and sheep prior to slaughter are reviewed. Long-term preslaughter stress, such as fighting, cold weather, fasting and transit, which occurs 12 to 48 hours prior to slaughter depletes muscle glycogen, resulting in meat which has a higher pH, darker color, and is drier. Short-term acute stress, such as excitement or fighting immediately prior to slaughter, produced lactic acid from the breakdown of glycogen. This results in meat which has a lower pH, lighter color, reduced water binding capacity, and is possibly tougher. Psychological stressors, such as excitement and fighting, will often have a …

Problems With Kosher Slaughter, Temple Grandin

Agribusiness Collection

Ritual slaughter to produce kosher meat is rooted in the teachings and writings of the Talmud. However, the preslaughter handling features of modern systems, particularly the shackling and hoisting of large steers, contravene the basic message of humaneness included in the teachings. The throat-cutting of a live, conscious animal is relatively pain-free, provided that certain precautions are followed, but U.S. kosher plants need to install newly developed conveyor-restrainer systems to eliminate the abuses of shackling and hoisting. Conveyor-restrainer systems for large and small animals are discussed.

Factory Farming, Michael W. Fox

eBooks

The information contained in this booklet will help you understand the methods by which your food animals are raised. These methods have come to be known as factory farming. It will also discuss the incredible magnitude of animal suffering which has resulted from treating animals as nothing more than machines to produce more and more animal protein in these modern factories.

Livestock Behavior As Related To Handling Facilities Design, Temple Grandin

International Journal for the Study of Animal Problems

A knowledge of the behavior of different species of livestock as we// as different breeds within a particular species is essential to the proper planning of a handling facility. An optimal facility should incorporate features which minimize stress on the animal and maximize the efficiency of movement from holding pen to slaughter area. Handler awareness of the animals' perception of critical distance flight zone and personal space requirements also reduces problems with balkin; and alarm behavior. Many improvements can be made with relative ease, thus enabling already existing facilities to upgrade their operations.

Marginal Stockholders And Implied Tax Rates, Leroy D. Brooks, Charles E. Edwards

Economics & Finance

No abstract provided.

Industrial Resources: Bullitt County - Shepherdsville, Mt. Washington, And Lebanon Junction, Kentucky Library Research Collections

Bullitt County

“Industrial Resources: Shepherdsville, Mt. Washington, and Lebanon Junction, Kentucky" prepared by the Kentucky Department of Commerce, Division of Research and Planning, and the Bullitt County Chamber of Commerce, 1980. The report includes, but is not limited to, information about: population, labor market, local manufacturing, transportation, utilities, fuel, water, sewage, industrial sites, local government and services, taxes, educational and health facilities, housing, communication, recreation, natural resources, markets, and climate.

Industrial Resources: Nelson County - Bardstown And Bloomfield, Kentucky Library Research Collections

Nelson County

"A Comprehensive Report on Bardstown and Bloomfield, Kentucky" prepared by the Kentucky Department of Commerce, Division of Research and Planning in cooperation with the Bardstown Chamber of Commerce and the City of Bloomfield, 1980. The report includes, but is not limited to, information about: population, labor market, local manufacturing, transportation, utilities, fuel, water, sewage, industrial sites, local government and services, taxes, educational and health facilities, housing, communication, recreation, natural resources, markets, and climate.

Industrial Resources - Cumberland County, Kentucky Library Research Collections

Cumberland County

“Industrial Resources: Burkesville, Kentucky" prepared by the Kentucky Department of Commerce, Division of Research and Planning, and the Burkesville – Cumberland County Chamber of Commerce, 1980. The report includes, but is not limited to, information about: population, labor market, local manufacturing, transportation, utilities, fuel, water, sewage, industrial sites, local government and services, taxes, educational and health facilities, housing, communication, recreation, natural resources, markets, and climate.

Industrial Resources: Pulaski County - Somerset And Burnside, Kentucky Library Research Collections

Pulaski County

"A Comprehensive Report on Somerset and Burnside, Kentucky" prepared by the Kentucky Department of Commerce, Division of Research and Planning in cooperation with the Somerset-Pulaski Count Chamber of Commerce, 1980. The report includes, but is not limited to, information about: population, labor market, local manufacturing, transportation, utilities, fuel, water, sewage, industrial sites, local government and services, taxes, educational and health facilities, housing, communication, recreation, natural resources,markets, and climate.

Industrial Resources: Rockcastle County - Mount Vernon, Kentucky Library Research Collections

Rockcastle County

"Industrial Resources: Mount Vernon, Kentucky" prepared by the Kentucky Department of Commerce, Division of Research and Planning in cooperation with the Rockcastle County Chamber of Commerce, 1980. The report includes, but is not limited to, information about: population, labor market, local manufacturing, transportation, utilities, duel, water, sewage, industrial sites, local government and services, taxes, educational and health facilities, housing, communication, recreation, natural resources, markets, and climate

Industrial Resources: Scott County - Georgetown, Kentucky Library Research Collections

Scott County

"Industrial Resources: Georgetown, Kentucky" prepared by the Kentucky Department of of Commerce, Division of Research in cooperation with the Georgetown-Scott County Chamber of Commerce, 1980. The report includes, but is not limited to, information about: population, labor market, local manufacturing, transportation, utilities, fuel, water, sewage, industrial sites, local government and services, taxes, educational and health facilities, housing, communication, recreation, natural resources, markets, and climate.

Industrial Resources: Carroll County - Carrollton, Kentucky Library Research Collections

Carroll County

“Industrial Resources: Carrollton, Kentucky" prepared by the Kentucky Department of Commerce, Division of Research and Planning, and the Carroll County Chamber of Commerce, 1980. The report includes, but is not limited to, information about: population, labor market, local manufacturing, transportation, utilities, fuel, water, sewage, industrial sites, local government and services, taxes, educational and health facilities, housing, communication, recreation, natural resources, markets, and climate.

Industrial Resources: Carter County - Olive Hill And Grayson, Kentucky Library Research Collections

Carter County

“Industrial Resources: Olive Hill and Grayson, Kentucky" prepared by the Kentucky Department of Commerce, Division of Research and Planning, the Olive Hill Chamber of Commerce, and the Grayson Area Chamber of Commerce, 1980. The report includes, but is not limited to, information about: population, labor market, local manufacturing, transportation, utilities, fuel, water, sewage, industrial sites, local government and services, taxes, educational and health facilities, housing, communication, recreation, natural resources, markets, and climate.

Industrial Resources: Bourbon County - Paris, Kentucky Library Research Collections

Bourbon County

"Industrial Resources: Paris, Kentucky" prepared by the Paris-Bourbon County Chamber of Commerce and the Kentucky Department of Commerce Division of Research and Planning 1980. The report includes, but is not limited to, information about: population, labor market, local manufacturing, transportation, utilities, fuel, water, sewage, industrial sites, local government and services, taxes, educational and health facilities, housing, communication, recreation, natural resources, markets, and climate.

Industrial Resources: Butler County - Morgantown, Kentucky Library Research Collections

Butler County

“Industrial Resources: Morgantown, Kentucky" prepared by the Kentucky Department of Commerce and the City of Morgantown, 1980. The report includes, but is not limited to, information about: population, labor market, local manufacturing, transportation, utilities, fuel, water, sewage, industrial sites, local government and services, taxes, educational and health facilities, housing, communication, recreation, natural resources, markets, and climate.

Industrial Resources: Green County - Greensburg, Kentucky Library Research Collections

Green County

“Industrial Resources: Greensburg, Kentucky" prepared by the Kentucky Department of Commerce, Division of Research and Planning, the Greensburg – Green County Chamber of Commerce, and the Green County Industrial Foundation, 1980. The report includes, but is not limited to, information about: population, labor market, local manufacturing, transportation, utilities, fuel, water, sewage, industrial sites, local government and services, taxes, educational and health facilities, housing, communication, recreation, natural resources, markets, and climate.

Industrial Resources: Graves County - Mayfield, Kentucky Library Research Collections

Graves County

“Industrial Resources: Mayfield, Kentucky" prepared by the Kentucky Department of Commerce, Division of Research and Planning, and the Mayfield – Graves County Chamber of Commerce,1980. The report includes, but is not limited to, information about: population, labor market, local manufacturing, transportation, utilities, fuel, water, sewage, industrial sites, local government and services, taxes, educational and health facilities, housing, communication, recreation, natural resources, markets, and climate.

Industrial Resources: Hart County - Horse Cave And Munfordville, Kentucky Library Research Collections

Hart County

"Industrial Resources: Horse Cave and Munfordville, Kentucky" prepared by the Kentucky Department of Commerce, Division of Research and Planning in cooperation with the Horse Cave Chamber of Commerce and the Munfordville Chamber of Commerce, 1980. The report includes, but is not limited to, information about: population, labor market, local manufacturing, transportation, utilities, fuel, water, sewage, industrial sites, local government and services, taxes, educational and health facilities, housing, communication, recreation, natural resources, markets, and climate.

Industrial Resources: Knox County - Barbourville, Kentucky Library Research Collections

Knox County

"A Comprehensive Report on Barbourville, Kentucky" prepared by the Kentucky Department of Commerce Division of Research and Planning in cooperation with the Knox County Chamber of Commerce, 1980. The report includes, but is not limited to, information about: population, labor market, local manufacturing, transportation, utilities,fuel, water, sewage, industrial sites, local government and services, taxes, educational and health facilities, housing, communication, recreation, natural resources, markets, and climate.

Industrial Resources: Jessamine County - Nicholasville, Kentucky Library Research Collections

Jessamine County

"Industrial Resources: Nicholasville, Kentucky" prepared by the Kentucky Department of Commerce Division of research and Planning in cooperation with the City of Nicholasville and the Jessamine County Industrial Foundation,1980. This report includes, but is not limited to, information about: population, labor market, local manufacturing. transportation, utilities, fuel, water, sewage, industrial sites, local government and services, taxes, educational and health facilities,housing, communication, recreation, natural resources, markets, and climate.

Industrial Resources: Madison County - Richmond, Kentucky Library Research Collection

Madison County

"A Comprehensive Report on Richmond, Kentucky" prepared by the Kentucky Department of Commerce, Division of Research and Planning in cooperation with the Greater Richmond Area Chamber of Commerce, 1980. The report include, but is not limited to, information about: population, labor market, local manufacturing, transportation, utilities, fuel, water, sewage, industrial sites, local government and serves, taxes, education, and health facilities, housing, communication, recreation, natural resources, markets, and climate.

Industrial Resources: Madison County - Berea, Kentucky Library Research Collections

Madison County

"A Comprehensive Report on Berea, Kentucky" prepared by the Kentucky Department of Commerce, Division of Research and Planning in cooperation with the Berea Chamber of Commerce, 1980. The report include, but is not limited to, information about: population, labor market, local manufacturing, transportation, utilities, fuel, water, sewage, industrial sites, local government and serves, taxes, education, and health facilities, housing, communication, recreation, natural resources, markets, and climate.

Industrial Resources: Hickman County - Clinton, Kentucky Library Research Collections

Hickman County

"Industrial Resources: Clinton, Kentucky" prepared by the Kentucky Department of Commerce, Division of Research and Planning in cooperation with Clinton Chamber of Commerce, 1980. The report includes, but is not limited to, information about: population, labor market, local manufacturing, transportation, utilities, fuels, water, sewage,industrial sites, local government and service, taxes, education and health facilities, housing, communication, recreation, natural resources, markets, and climate.

Industrial Resources: Logan County, Kentucky Library Research Collections

Logan County

"Industrial Resources: Logan County" prepared by the Kentucky Department of Commerce, Division of Research and Planning in cooperation with the Russellville-Logan County Chamber of Commerce and the City of Adairville and City of Auburn and the City of Lewisburg, 1980. The report includes, but is not limited to, information about: population, labor market, local manufacturing, transportation, utilities, fuel, water, sewage, industrial sites, local government and services, taxes, educational and health facilities, housing, communication, recreation, natural resources, markets, and climate.

Industrial Resources: Montgomery County - Mount Sterling, Kentucky Library Research Collections

Montgomery County

"A Comprehensive Report on Mt. Sterling, Kentucky" prepared by the Kentucky Department of Commerce, Division of research and Planning in cooperation with the Mt. Sterling-Montgomery County Chamber of Commerce and the Mt.Sterling County Industrial Foundation, 1980. The report includes, but is not limited to, information about: population, labor market, local manufacturing, transportation, utilities, fuel, water, sewage, industrial sites, local government and services, taxes, educational and health facilities, housing, communication, recreation, natural resources, markets, and climate.

Industrial Resources: Henry County - New Castle And Campbellsburg, Kentucky Library Research Collection

Henry County

"Industrial Resources: New Castle and Campbellsburg, Kentucky" prepared by the Kentucky Department of Commerce Division of Research and Planning in cooperation with the cities of New Castle and the Campbellsburg, 1980. The report includes, but is not limited to, information about: population, labor market, local manufacturing, transportation, utilities, fuel, water, sewage, industrial sites, local government and services, taxes, education and health facilitates, housing, communications, recreation, natural resources, markets and climate.