Business Commons^™

Lessons Learned: Ray Dalio, Andrew Metrick, Rosalind Z. Wiggins, Kaleb B. Nygaard

Journal of Financial Crises

Insights from a discussion with Ray Dalio, Founder, Chairman, and Co-Chief Investment Officer of Bridgewater Associates, one of the largest hedge funds in the world. Topics range from monetary policy to communications strategy when responding to a financial crisis.

Basel Iii E: Synthetic Financing By Prime Brokers, Christian M. Mcnamara, Andrew Metrick

Journal of Financial Crises

Hedge funds rely on “prime brokerage” units within banks to provide leverage. With the enhanced capital requirements and new liquidity standards introduced by Basel III driving up the cost to banks of engaging in such financing, prime brokers have begun to offer an alternative means of providing hedge fund clients with leveraged exposure to securities. Known as synthetic financing, this alternative requires the prime broker to enter into derivatives contracts with the clients. Under the Basel III framework, the ability of banks to hedge and net such derivative positions results in capital and liquidity costs for synthetic financing that are …

Basel Iii D: Swiss Finish To Basel Iii, Christian M. Mcnamara, Natalia Tente, Andrew Metrick

Journal of Financial Crises

After the Basel Committee on Banking Supervision (BCBS) introduced the Basel III framework in 2010, individual countries confronted the question of how best to implement the framework given their unique circumstances. Switzerland, with a banking industry that is both heavily concentrated and very large relative to the size of its overall economy, faced a special challenge. It ultimately adopted what is sometimes referred to as the “Swiss Finish” to Basel III—enhanced requirements applicable to Switzerland’s “too-big-to-fail” banks Credit Suisse and UBS that go beyond the base requirements established by the BCBS. Yet the prominent role played by relatively new contingent …

Basel Iii B: Basel Iii Overview, Christian M. Mcnamara, Michael Wedow, Andrew Metrick

Journal of Financial Crises

In the wake of the financial crisis of 2007-09, the Basel Committee on Banking Supervision (BCBS) faced the critical task of diagnosing what went wrong and then updating regulatory standards aimed at preventing it from occurring again. In seeking to strengthen the microprudential regulation associated with the earlier Basel Accords while also adding a macroprudential overlay, Basel III consists of proposals in three main areas intended to address 1) capital reform, 2) liquidity standards, and 3) systemic risk and interconnectedness. This case considers the causes of the 2007-09 financial crisis and what they suggest about weaknesses in the Basel regime …

Jpmorgan Chase London Whale Z: Background & Overview, Arwin G. Zeissler, Rosalind Bennett, Andrew Metrick

Journal of Financial Crises

In December 2011, the Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer of JPMorgan Chase (JPM) instructed the bank’s Chief Investment Office to reduce the size of its Synthetic Credit Portfolio (SCP) during 2012, so that JPM could decrease its Risk-Weighted Assets as the bank prepared to adopt the impending Basel III bank capital regulations. However, the SCP traders were also told to minimize the trading costs incurred to reduce Risk-Weighted Assets, while still maintaining the opportunity to profit from unexpected corporate bankruptcies. In an attempt to balance these competing objectives, head SCP derivatives trader Bruno Iksil suggested in January 2012 …

“Design For Enterprises”: Developing European Smes Capabilities For Design-Driven Innovation, Marinella Ferrara, Chiara Lecce

Markets, Globalization & Development Review

This article aims to present Design for Enterprises (DfE) tender project, founded by the European Commission, designed and provided by the Consortium composed by D’Appolonia, MIP/Politecnico di Milano and ADI. DfE has been settled as a training program on design-driven innovation customized in order to prepare intermediary business development organizations to support SMEs managers and entrepreneurs. After a short introduction of the topic and a general presentation of the project, the article proposes a follow-up on the ADI contribution to support design thinking processes during the entire set-up of the training course. The article reports also the critical points that …

Ethical Purchasing Dissonance: Antecedents And Coping Behaviors, Tim Reilly, Amit Saini, Jenifer Skiba

Department of Marketing: Faculty Publications

The pressure of oversight and scrutiny in the business-to-business purchasing process has the potential to cause psychological distress in purchasing professionals, giving rise to apprehensions about being ethically inappropriate. Utilizing depth interviews with public sector purchasing professionals in a phenomenological approach, the authors develop the notion of ethical purchasing dissonance to explain the psychological distress. An inductively derived conceptual framework is presented for ethical purchasing dissonance that explores its potential antecedents and consequences; illustrative propositions are presented, and managerial implications are discussed.

The Role Of Organizational Culture For Creating Understanding And Trust Through Internal Crisis Communication, Albena Björck, Petra Barthelmess

International Crisis and Risk Communication Conference

Understanding and trust are major goals of the internal communication in general. In a crisis situation with its inherent uncertainty and lack of time their importance is elevated to a new level. The crisis communication theory lacks a cultural contextualization and a long-standing tradition for including the influence of organizational culture. The purpose of this study is to enhance the understanding of corporate culture as a key factor for internal crisis communication and its effectiveness. It investigates how the visible and less visible levels of culture manifest themselves in the internal crisis communication practice and identifies organizational culture patterns that …

Testing The Babble Hypothesis: Speaking Time Predicts Leader Emergence In Small Groups, Neil G. Maclaren, Francis J. Yammarino, Shelley D. Dionne, Hiroki Sayama, Michael D. Mumford, Shane Connelly, Robert W. Martin, Tyler J. Mulhearn, E Michelle Todd, Ankita Kulkarni, Yiding Cao, Gregory A. Ruark

Management and Accounting Faculty Scholarship

The large, positive correlation between speaking time and leader emergence is well-established. As such, some authors have argued for a ``babble hypothesis'' of leadership, suggesting that only the quantity of speaking, not its quality, determines leader emergence. However, previous tests of this notion may have been problematic. Some studies have asserted a causal effect of speaking time on leader emergence based on experimental studies, but have limited participant communication, access to reliable information, or both. Other studies have used more ecologically valid designs, but have not always controlled for relevant participant traits or roles, suggesting potential endogeneity effects. Testing the …

The Importance Of Disagreements, Andrew P. Johnson

Elementary and Literacy Education Department Publications

Disagreements are good. Differing points of view are healthy for any organization or group. Conflicting ideas provide a broader view of situations and more potential possibilities. You see more sides of the problem and generate more potential solutions. Questioning new ideas or proposals allows them to be fully vetted. This is how programs, policies, schools, institutions, and teacher preparation programs grow and evolve.

Embracing a variety of ideas, philosophies, and viewpoints has always been healthy for any organization or institution. Repressing conflicting ideas, allowing only a single viewpoint has always led to extremely unhealthy situations. Sadly, idea repression occurs too …

Effects Of Family-Supportive Supervisor Behaviors And Organizational Climate On Employees, Soo Jeoung Han, Gary N. Mclean

Organizational Performance and Workplace Learning Faculty Publications and Presentations

Purpose – The purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of family-supportive supervisor behaviors and organizational climate on employees’ work–family conflict, job satisfaction and turnover intentions.

Design/methodology/approach – To examine the causal relationship, the longitudinal panel data of the work, family and health study were used, using the data of 664 respondents who participated in surveys from all four time-points at two Fortune 500 information technology (IT) companies.

Findings – The results of the data analysis suggested that family-supportive supervisor behaviors have a minimal, but statistically significant, impact on work-to-family conflict and organizational work-family climate. Moreover, work-to-family conflict …

Designing A Portable Museum Display Of Native American Stone Projectile Points (Arrowheads) To Ensure Accessibility And Tactile Quality, Cheryl K. Fogle-Hatch, Joe Nicoli, Donald Winiecki

Organizational Performance and Workplace Learning Faculty Publications and Presentations

Two archaeologists and one engineering professor designed a prototype of a traveling museum exhibit that is inclusive to both blind and sighted visitors. While three dimensional (3D) replicas provide tactile information to people who are blind or have low vision, they can also be appreciated by sighted people. This paper describes the process of creating 3D replicas of stone projectile points (spear tips and arrowheads) that are found in the collections of the Maryland Archaeological and Conservation Laboratory. We define the design considerations related to (1) scanning artifacts to acquire accurate data with which to produce high-quality replicas, and (2) …

Designing Informal Learning Environments, Seth-Aaron Martinez, Justin N. Whiting

Organizational Performance and Workplace Learning Faculty Publications and Presentations

For the past 30 years, the prevailing 70-20-10 industry model of employee development postulates that 70 percent of individual learning and growth occurs through relevant but challenging experiences, 20 percent through relationships and social interactions, and only 10 percent through formal learning activities (Center for Creative Leadership, 2020; Watkins et al., 2014). What, then, is the implication for learning design given these trends? To assist in taking advantage of such patterns, this chapter is dedicated to the design of informal learning environments.

Leadership Role Effectiveness As A Mediator Of Team Performance In Virtual Teams, Soo Jeoung Han, Mirim Kim, Michael Beyerlein, Darleen Derosa

Organizational Performance and Workplace Learning Faculty Publications and Presentations

In spite of the wide usage of globally dispersed virtual teams (VT), there has been relatively little research on how leadership affects team performance, particularly with new product development teams in a global VT setting. A research model of VT leadership was developed and evaluated with a confirmatory factor analysis and structural equation modeling for a unique sample of 19 globally dispersed VTs and 25 nationally dispersed VTs in a variety of industries. Results showed that less geographically dispersed VT members have shown higher team performance only when leadership roles were performed effectively. In addition, leadership role effectiveness fully mediated …

The Role Of Feedback In Leader Identity Development: An Examination Of The Impact Of The Deficits-Based Versus Strengths-Based Feedback, Thiraput Pitichat

CGU Theses & Dissertations

The aim of this dissertation is to investigate the relationship between feedback and leader identity, particularly the impact of deficits-based versus strengths-based feedback. This dissertation consists of two empirical studies: 1) a cross-sectional, online experiment (N = 280) and 2) a cross-sectional, field experiment (N = 177). I examined the impact of feedback on leader identity through the mechanisms of cognitive controlled processing and effort. I found that receiving leadership feedback was important in shaping leader identity. Specifically, feedback that focused on leadership strengths increased new leaders’ positive emotions, which positively influenced their leader identity. However, feedback that highlighted leadership …

Social Media, Personality, And Leadership As Predictors Of Job Performance, Timothy Charles Lisk

CGU Theses & Dissertations

A thorough assessment of privacy concerns, reviewer bias, and applicant computer familiarity informs this longitudinal study incorporating features derived from social media, personality, leadership, traditional selection methodology, and objective measures of employee performance to build an empirical foundation for future research. To date, limited research has embarked upon an in-depth examination of the organizational implications of using social media data to assess job applicants. This dissertation addresses the question of whether social media data matters in the practical context of talent selection. I begin with a review of pertinent online communication theories, including media richness, cues filtered out, and social …

Organizational Readiness, Resistance And Race: Examining Faculty Attitudes Toward Faculty Diversification In Higher Education, Krystal Denise Miguel Rawls

CGU Theses & Dissertations

The national demographic is changing, and institutions of higher education must prepare to change if they are to meet the needs of their new population. Identifying change readiness and potential resistance factors are primary steps in motivating organizational change. This study will investigate the academy’s organizational readiness for change using historical analysis to ascertain: 1) does the demographic mismatch require a change? 2) is faculty diversification the best solution to the demographic mismatch? And statistical analyses to determine: 3) the extent to which faculty feel they benefit or are harmed by faculty diversification? 4) does administration tangibly support development of …

Using Input From Landlords Participating In The Dothan Housing Authority's Housing Choice Voucher Program (Hcvp) To Streamline Operations And Increase Retention, Michael C. Threatt

West Chester University Doctoral Projects

The Housing Choice Voucher Program (HCVP) is a public-private partnership between a landlord, voucher holder, and a Public Housing Authority (PHA). However, this public-private partnership appears to be a two-sided partnership instead of a three-way partnership as the HCVP was designed. Over 110,000 landlords have withdrawn from the HCVP since 2009, which has negatively affected housing choices for voucher holders. This phenomenon of landlords leaving the HCVP is a catastrophe problem for the rental housing crisis that is a part of the larger affordable housing crisis. The perception of institutional bureaucracy for landlords is their reality, and the unintended consequence …

Predicting Quality Outcome.S Of Privatized Services In Local Governments Utilizing The Scott And Bruce Measure, Kenneth L. Ward

Doctoral Dissertations

Privatization has been one of the main challenges in the reform of the public service. Privatization is often regarded as an essential means of achieving improved efficiency and quality of public services, and municipalities develop novel methods to privatize their services to cope up with the financial strain. Privatization of services, however, requires a well-formulated model of decision-making that leaders can utilize to realize the most positive outcomes. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the type of decision-making style that could be used to predict a favorable outcome when making decisions to privatize government services or projects in …

Ethical And Responsible Cross‐Cultural Interviewing: Theory To Practice Guidance For Human Performance And Workplace Learning Professionals, D'Jeane T. Peters, Lisa A. Giacumo

Organizational Performance and Workplace Learning Faculty Publications and Presentations

Conducting interviews in a cross-cultural setting is increasingly common for human performance technology (HPT) practitioners and researchers. Planning to conduct interviews in a culture that the practitioner may not be familiar with requires additional methodological and ethical considerations. In this article, we draw from published scholarly works on cross-cultural interviewing practices across disciplines to develop evidence-based recommendations HPT professionals can utilize in their own cross-cultural interview project.

A Formative Evaluation Of A Master's-Level Career-Coaching Course For Performance Improvement Students, Steven W. Villachica, Vicki Stieha, Lisa Giacumo, Lesa Becker, Jo Ann Fenner

Organizational Performance and Workplace Learning Faculty Publications and Presentations

The authors conducted a formative evaluation of an iteratively evolving career-coaching course. All 11 master's students who had enrolled in the course between Winter 2016 and Fall 2017 participated in the evaluation. Our evaluation addressed three research questions: (1) To what extent does participation in the career-coaching course affect participant confidence? (2) To what extent did participants attain their stated course goals? (3) To what extent did career coaching contribute to participants' current job situation? Analysis of quantitative and qualitative survey responses indicated that participants consistently reported increased levels of confidence after career coaching in terms of their ability to …

An Exploration In Accountable Care Organization Structure, Contingency And Performance, 2015-2017, Siriporn P. Satjapot

Theses and Dissertations

The Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act of 2010 enacted one of the most significant reforms seen in the United States healthcare landscape. The Center for Medicare and Medicaid (CMS) led transformation efforts in regulatory reform and coverage expansion across the U.S. population. Since 2010, care delivery systems have been shifting from episodic, decentralized and fee-for-service models to value-based population health models, like accountable care organizations (ACO). ACOs have been specifically primed for local response to improve the health of their communities. ACO research has traditionally focused on performance measures like mortality, readmissions, quality outcomes and savings. ACO organizational characteristics …

Risk Factors For Workplace Encounters With Weapons By Hospital Employees, James Blando, Chalsie Paul, Mariana Szklo-Coxe

Community & Environmental Health Faculty Publications

Objective:The specific aim of this study was to determine which risk factors were associated with frequent weapons confiscation in a healthcare facility. This study investigated the hypothesis that hospital-related factors impact the frequency of weapons confiscation.

Study design:Cross-sectional.

Methods:A cross-sectional survey was administered on-line to hospital security directors and assessed the associations of organizational factors with the frequency of weapons confiscation.

Results:It was found that hospitals with metal detectors were more than 5 times as likely to frequently confiscate weapons, suggesting this intervention is effective. It was also found that hospitals with psychiatric units were more likely to have frequent …

Supporting Safety Culture In Academia: Safety Communication Barriers, Emily Faulconer, Chelsea Lenoble

Publications

In the last decade, we have heard of multiple disturbing academic laboratory accidents resulting in significant injury and property damage. When these hit headlines, it can spur self-reflection across academic institutions. The unfortunate truth is that safety in academia tends to be problematic. Accidents happen regularly even if they do not make headlines, with post-accident analyses typically revealing systematic safety failures. As a result, the concept of safety culture has come into the spotlight.

How Efficient Is Market Pricing: Can Investors Beat The Market? Further, Are Prices Always Right As Stated In The Efficient Market Hypothesis?, Porter M. Mcmanus

Honors Theses and Capstones

The Efficient Market Hypothesis is a widely accepted economic theory developed by economist Eugene Fama. The theory states that at any given time, an asset’s price reflects all available public information and will always trade at fair value. The motivation for this research is derived from the content taught in undergraduate finance courses. In undergraduate academia finance students are introduced to the idea of market efficiency, as it is a building block for future theory and application. However, this theory is rarely questioned in the world of undergraduate academia, rather just taken as fact by students.

The underlying research in …

Impact Of Sanctions And Awareness On Intention To Comply With Information Security, Kevin Fitzgerald

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Employees in higher education are likely to violate information security policies because of the open nature of academic institutions. Policy violations can lead to data breaches and identity theft that can cause harm to businesses and individuals. The purpose of this quantitative, correlational, cross-sectional study based on general deterrence theory and neutralization theory was to analyze the relationships between the independent variables, severity of sanctions, vulnerability to sanctions, and awareness of consequences, and the dependent variable, intention to comply with information security policy. Participants (n=100) who work in a higher education institution with an information security policy completed an online …

Organizational Capacity-Building To Battle Addiction In The Oneida Community, Anita F. Barber

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Oneida Nation community members created a new and developing organization The Healing Society (fictious name) operated by a volunteer board. The board needed strategic direction to build organizational capacity and sustainability to address the lack of awareness in the community about the increase in opioid and heroin abuse after a well-known community member died from an overdose. The purpose of this postpositivist constructionist qualitative case study was to gather empirical data from the perspectives of internal and external stakeholders through a SWOT analysis focused on their perspectives. Their answers addressed: (a) the organizational strengths and weaknesses of The Healing Society …

High-Performance Organizational Culture And Corporate Success, Alexander Lapshun

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Some Singapore global corporation business leaders experience difficulties building a high-performance culture. Building a high-performance culture encourages high performance, promotes excellence, and nurtures a continuous improvement climate. Grounded in Gilbert's behavioral engineering model, the purpose of this qualitative mini ethnography single case study was to explore strategies midlevel managers in Singapore use to create a high-performance organizational culture. Six midlevel managers representing a Fortune 500 information technology firm in Singapore participated in the study. Data collection included semistructured interviews followed by member checking, direct observations, and a review of the company's documents. Marshall and Rossman's 5-step data analysis process identified …

Relationship Between Nonprofit Leadership Intention, Leadership Development Programs, And Succession Planning Documentation, Denise March

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Understanding the importance of efficient and effective leadership transition to retain organizational intelligence can mitigate the risks of significant disruption. The problem for nonprofits is the potential loss of organizational intelligence, funding, and continuity as baby boomers retire and transition out of their leadership roles without effectively addressing leadership transition and an impending leadership deficit. The purpose of this quantitative descriptive correlational study was to examine the relationship between leadership intention factors, succession planning documentation, and leadership development programs. The research questions pertained to the relationship between leadership intention factors, succession planning documentation, and leadership development programs. Ajzen’s theory of …

Emotional Intelligence, Turnover Intention, And Commitment Among Nonprofit Employees, Tabitha Brewster

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Employee turnover is a persistent problem contributing to financial issues and declining

productivity in nonprofit organizations. Nonprofits cannot fulfill their core missions of

providing services to people in need when managing staffing disruptions. Measuring

employee turnover intention can determine the probability of employee turnover, and a

potential predictor of turnover intention is emotional intelligence, an area unstudied in the

nonprofit sector. This study was designed to explore this relationship, in addition to the

employee's commitment to the organization. The population consisted of 273 nonprofit

employees older than 18 years, working in a nonsupervisory capacity. They completed an

online survey consisting …