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Articles 31 - 60 of 869
Full-Text Articles in Business
The Great Resignation, Unemployment, And Underemployment In The Us: A Study Of Labor Market Segmentation, Thomas E. Lambert
The Great Resignation, Unemployment, And Underemployment In The Us: A Study Of Labor Market Segmentation, Thomas E. Lambert
Faculty Scholarship
During 2021 and 2022 many news media outlets have been reporting that millions of workers in the US have been quitting their jobs in record numbers. In a global economy rebounding from the economic downturn caused by the Covid-19 outbreak and demanding more workers, a high rate of resignations has exacerbated labor shortages and may be aggravating underemployment rates if many workers are choosing not to be part of the labor force or only to work part time. Many reasons have been offered to explain this “Great Resignation” including high day care costs for working parents which may in turn …
Dampak Pinjaman Mikro Terhadap Kesejahteraan Rumah Tangga Perempuan Pengusaha Mikro Dan Kecil, Dewi Ratna Sjari M, Bonar M. Sinaga, Nunung Kusnadi, Yusman Syaukat
Dampak Pinjaman Mikro Terhadap Kesejahteraan Rumah Tangga Perempuan Pengusaha Mikro Dan Kecil, Dewi Ratna Sjari M, Bonar M. Sinaga, Nunung Kusnadi, Yusman Syaukat
Jurnal Ekonomi dan Pembangunan Indonesia
This study aims to examine how credit lending can improve MSEs performance, its impact on women micro and small entrepreneurs (PPMK) household welfare, and the determinants of their disinterest in subsidised loans. Using a sample of 82 PPMK households in Depok City and Bogor Regency with the Propensity Score Matching (PSM) method, the results showed loans could boost business income. Still, the government’s credit with low-interest rates is not the primary choice due to limited knowledge, an obligation for collateral, and religious issues such as usury. This study also shows government credit assistance can improve the welfare of MSE households.
Prevalence Of Duesenberry’S Relative Income Hypothesis In Nepalese Economy, Rajendra Adhikari
Prevalence Of Duesenberry’S Relative Income Hypothesis In Nepalese Economy, Rajendra Adhikari
International Review of Business and Economics
Present paper examines the prevalence of Duesenberry’s relative income hypothesis in Nepalese economy during 1974/75-2019/20 through ARDL bound tests under DEF and Davis-SK specifications. The ARDL under DEF specification is found to be not valid. However, the ARDL bound test under Davis-SK specification is found valid. There exists cointegration among average propensity to consume, demonstration effect and ratchet effect. The coefficient of demonstration effect is found to be negative and that of ratchet effect to be positive as reported by ARDL models. The error correction model also implies that short run shocks significantly affect long run relations among the variables. …
Reskilling And Upskilling : To Stay Relevant In Today’S Industry, Rhea Sawant, Bryan Thomas, Swati Kadlag
Reskilling And Upskilling : To Stay Relevant In Today’S Industry, Rhea Sawant, Bryan Thomas, Swati Kadlag
International Review of Business and Economics
The rapid modernization and influx of various new technologies and methodologies currently being employed today greatly and continuously changes the definition of professional competence expected of employees that work for companies that are directly or indirectly impacted because of these advancements or changes, this creates a demand for new jobs requiring new skill sets and so, one finds that in order to keep relevant to the workforce, refreshing and adding to one’s skill set has become a necessity. Candidates thinking about entering the job market need to possess the right kind of skills for the right kind of job and …
Inaccessible Interpolated Imagery: How Coffee Farmers In The State Of Chiapas Might Access Political Economic Opportunity Through Representation, Paolo Fiann Bicchieri
Inaccessible Interpolated Imagery: How Coffee Farmers In The State Of Chiapas Might Access Political Economic Opportunity Through Representation, Paolo Fiann Bicchieri
Master's Theses
Here is a useful parable to boil down the idea of this project and set the tone: when one goes to the bar to tell a story about a fight at the bar, they would never venture to place themselves as the hero of the brawl, taking out three drunkards in a single punch, unless they were really in the bar, at that time, fighting a good fight. One would never do this as the bartender, locals, and regulars would all know if this were the case or not. Yet transnational corporations, governments, and even consumers do this all the …
The Great Resignation: A Content Analysis Of News Sources' Portrayals Of The Covid-19 Labor Shortage., Mackenzie Williams
The Great Resignation: A Content Analysis Of News Sources' Portrayals Of The Covid-19 Labor Shortage., Mackenzie Williams
College of Arts & Sciences Senior Honors Theses
When workers left the labor market in large numbers during the COVID-19 pandemic, proclamations of a labor shortage emerged extensively throughout the news. In this study, I analyze the coverage of the worker shortage among three news sources with different political orientations. Several themes emerged from analyzing a total of 75 articles. The findings showed that the perspective shown in the article, the cause of the labor shortage, restaurant worker portrayal, support of solutions, and opinion of the labor shortage all differed based on the political identity of the news source. This research supports previous findings that show there is …
Strengthening The Southern Nevada Workforce Pipeline, Katie M. Gilbertson
Strengthening The Southern Nevada Workforce Pipeline, Katie M. Gilbertson
Student Research
Workforce development has been a keystone in the discussion of economic diversification of Las Vegas for decades. The leisure and hospitality industry is the lifeline for the Southern Nevada economy due to the reliance on tourism as the city’s main economic driver. The leisure and hospitality industry requires physical labor and more face-to-face customer interaction than other employment sectors. Thus, these jobs often do not require high educational attainment, but rather sharp soft skills like effective listening, nonverbal communication, and negotiation strategies. While these are valuable traits, the lack of educational attainment within the leisure and hospitality workforce suppresses employees’ …
Labor Market Institutions And The Incidence Of Payroll Taxation, Jinyoung Kim, Seonghoon Kim, Kanghyock Koh
Labor Market Institutions And The Incidence Of Payroll Taxation, Jinyoung Kim, Seonghoon Kim, Kanghyock Koh
Research Collection School Of Economics
Despite the unambiguous predictions of the canonical model of a competitive labor market, empirical studies of the labor market effects of payroll taxation provide conflicting evidence. We estimate the labor market impacts of payroll taxation in Singapore, the country with the most competitive and flexible labor market among the countries investigated in the literature. By exploiting the sharp reduction in payroll tax rate when workers turn 60, we find that the reduced payroll tax rate in Singapore has a large effect on wages without changes in employment. Our meta-analysis shows consistent evidence that varying degrees of labor market competitiveness across …
Worth In The Workforce: How To Reform The Fair Labor Standards Act 14(C) Provisions For Persons With Disabilities, Todd Robatin
Worth In The Workforce: How To Reform The Fair Labor Standards Act 14(C) Provisions For Persons With Disabilities, Todd Robatin
Helm's School of Government Conference - 2021-2024
No abstract provided.
Would An India-Us Trade Agreement Be Beneficial For India?, Neetu Kaushik, Niloufer Sohrabji
Would An India-Us Trade Agreement Be Beneficial For India?, Neetu Kaushik, Niloufer Sohrabji
International Review of Business and Economics
This paper examines the potential impact of an India-U.S. FTA on India’s trade. We use two approaches to estimate trade effects, compound annual growth analysis and Gravity model estimation. Our sample spans the period from 1992 to 2019 and consists of seven bilateral trade agreements and three multilateral trade agreements which include 24 countries as our treatment group. In both cases we compare the impact on India’s trade following a trade agreement with a control group which we create by including those countries whose trade share exceeds one percent of India’s total trade (in 2019). Our CAGR analysis shows that …
Corporate Characteristics And Implementation Of Integrated Reporting Framework Of Listed Oil And Gas Firms In Nigeria, Muyiwa E. Alade, Olubunmi M. Odugbemi
Corporate Characteristics And Implementation Of Integrated Reporting Framework Of Listed Oil And Gas Firms In Nigeria, Muyiwa E. Alade, Olubunmi M. Odugbemi
International Review of Business and Economics
The demand for better corporate information by various stakeholders across the globe has necessitated a paradigm shift from the traditional financial reporting to more comprehensive financial and non-financial information in a single report, known as integrated reporting. The aim of this study is to empirically investigate the effect of corporate characteristics (firm size, board size, share ownership structure and profitability) on the implementation of integrated reporting framework in listed oil and gas firms in Nigeria. A census sampling technique was adopted, using the total population of eleven (11) oil and gas firms listed on the Nigerian Stock Exchange as of …
How The Past Of Outsourcing And Offshoring Is The Future Of Post-Pandemic Remote Work: A Typology, A Model, And A Review, Chris Erickson, Peter Norlander
How The Past Of Outsourcing And Offshoring Is The Future Of Post-Pandemic Remote Work: A Typology, A Model, And A Review, Chris Erickson, Peter Norlander
School of Business: Faculty Publications and Other Works
Information and communication technology (ICT) challenges traditional assumptions about the capacity to manage workers beyond organizational and physical boundaries. A typology connects a variety of non-traditional work organizations made possible by ICT, including offshoring, outsourcing, remote work, virtual companies, and platforms. A model illustrates how new technology serves as a proximate cause for a revision of social contracts between capital, labor and government reached through bargaining, and how external shocks such as the COVID-19 pandemic, the institutional environment, and limitations in practice influence how technology changes the organization of work. An historical case illustrates the general features of the model, …
Cross-Cultural Examination Of Vacation Policy On Employee Satisfaction And Happiness, Ketan D. Parekh
Cross-Cultural Examination Of Vacation Policy On Employee Satisfaction And Happiness, Ketan D. Parekh
CMC Senior Theses
With the advent of technological advancement, entrepreneurship, and a higher emphasis on meritocracy, societies across the globe have experienced intense competition to outdo one another. This has pushed companies to place increased importance on worker productivity; large and small companies want to see their employees work harder, longer, and faster. With this increased demand for work, companies today are making sure they have suitable reward systems to ensure worker satisfaction and quality work production. However, what these reward systems look like and how they function contrast significantly across cultures, especially as it pertains to corporate leave policies. This thesis examines …
The Transforming Importance Of Social Skills In The Labor Market In The 2010s, Andrew Bradjan
The Transforming Importance Of Social Skills In The Labor Market In The 2010s, Andrew Bradjan
CMC Senior Theses
The growing importance of social skills has led to an increase in returns to wages and employment for workers specializing in social skill-intensive occupations. Between 2012 and 2019, social skill-intensive occupations grew by 3 percentage points as a share of the U.S. labor force. Math-intensive occupations also grew by a similar amount during this time. To analyze these patterns, I utilize a model of team production where workers trade tasks to exploit their comparative advantage. Social skills reduce coordination costs between workers and allow them to specialize and cooperate with other workers more effectively by trading tasks. This model predicts …
How A Supply Chain Stumble Changes A Company’S Policies And Progress 20 Years Later: A Case Study Of Gap Inc., Alexandra Futterman
How A Supply Chain Stumble Changes A Company’S Policies And Progress 20 Years Later: A Case Study Of Gap Inc., Alexandra Futterman
CMC Senior Theses
Gap Inc. is the third-largest American retailer. Founded in 1969, Gap Inc. holds four brands, Gap, Banana Republic, Old Navy and Athleta. In the late 1990s and early 2000s Gap Inc. made headlines for child labor abuses along with many other large brands. After this negative attention, Gap Inc. began developing policies and practices to combat ethical supply chain issues. These policies included a Human Rights Policy, a Code of Vendor Conduct, working conditions standards, and even capacity building programs that boarded company reaches into communities they touch. In conjunction with the policies Gap Inc. has published several social responsibility …
Search, Technology Choice, And Unemployment, Constantine Angyridis, Haiwen Zhou
Search, Technology Choice, And Unemployment, Constantine Angyridis, Haiwen Zhou
Economics Faculty Publications
Technology variations among countries account for a significant part of their income differences. In this paper, a firm's technology choice is embedded in a search theoretic framework for unemployment. More advanced technology is assumed to have a higher setup cost, but it is more productive. The model is tractable and the following results are derived analytically. An increase in the unemployment benefit leads to an increase in the equilibrium wage rate, giving an incentive to firms to choose a more advanced technology. Thus, this result regarding unemployment insurance in models with wage posting carries through with Nash bargaining as well. …
Evaluating The Impact Of Off-Farm Decisions On Federal Government Program Utilization And Financial Success For Missouri's Beginning Farmers, Lyndsey Ann Parker
Evaluating The Impact Of Off-Farm Decisions On Federal Government Program Utilization And Financial Success For Missouri's Beginning Farmers, Lyndsey Ann Parker
MSU Graduate Theses
Farmers and ranchers will have to increase production by approximately 70% by the year 2050 according to the American Farm Bureau Federation (2017). People in the agriculture industry face several challenges from start-up costs to limited land availability (Ahearn, 2011). There are federal and state government programs available to assist with some of these challenges but bring their own hardships as well. This study measures off-farm decisions that affect financial performance and utilization of government programs for Missouri’s farmers and ranchers. Three types of financial performance of Missouri farms are prioritized in this study, liquidity (current ratio), solvency (debt-to-asset ratio), …
Database Formation Of Labor Profiles In Upskilling And Reskilling Programs To Prepare The Philippine Labor Force For The 4ir, Breanna Michaela S. Alaras, Malakai Rei F. Feliciano, Salian Idhanth, Abijah Kathryn B. Sta Ana
Database Formation Of Labor Profiles In Upskilling And Reskilling Programs To Prepare The Philippine Labor Force For The 4ir, Breanna Michaela S. Alaras, Malakai Rei F. Feliciano, Salian Idhanth, Abijah Kathryn B. Sta Ana
Angelo King Institute for Economic and Business Studies (AKI)
The policy focuses on data management of opportunities for upskilling/reskilling and the profile management of individual laborers’ professional information to effectively integrate the influence of technology on day-to-day life (Schwab, 2016). Laborers that register onto the platform will be matched with programs that can help them meet demands that emerged due to the evolution of their job description. The registration is done to make workers capable of integrating new technologies of the Fourth Industrial Revolution (4IR) into their workflow. Reskilling and upskilling can evolve operators of the past into “smart operators” that can work with augmented reality, virtual reality, and …
From Tasks To Riches: A Task-Based Approach To The Determinants Of Wages, Brian Daguman, Samantha Victoria Abordo Baradas, Aileen Abigail D. Co, Martha Louise Delos Santos
From Tasks To Riches: A Task-Based Approach To The Determinants Of Wages, Brian Daguman, Samantha Victoria Abordo Baradas, Aileen Abigail D. Co, Martha Louise Delos Santos
Angelo King Institute for Economic and Business Studies (AKI)
In most written literature on labor, wages are determined by labor market supply and demand factors. With this, what a person can control to increase their wages is to focus on their skill endowments, particularly honing skills. These skills this paper will be focusing on are those occupational-specific, which pertains to the tasks and activities that a worker does in their job. That being said, it is important for an average worker to improve their skills through human capital (i.e., internships and on-the-job training) identified in this study as cognitive-interactive, Information and Communications Technology (ICT), and computational skills are found …
Police Union Contracts And Impediments To Accountability: A Case Study Analysis Of Ppa Bargaining Agreements, Elizabeth Ott
Police Union Contracts And Impediments To Accountability: A Case Study Analysis Of Ppa Bargaining Agreements, Elizabeth Ott
University Honors Theses
Despite a growing widespread recognition that police unions represent a major component of policing and have major influences on aspects of policing such as disciplinary procedures, day-to-day management, and police-community relations, they have until recently been largely ignored by police scholars. In light of significant gaps in knowledge regarding police unions and the impacts that they have on law enforcement behavior and police accountability, this paper utilizes a case study approach to analyze all existing union contracts between the Portland Police Association (PPA) and the City of Portland in order to explore the prevalence of particular contract provisions that critics …
Creative Occupations And The Precipitating Factors Of Burnout, Natasha E. Koval
Creative Occupations And The Precipitating Factors Of Burnout, Natasha E. Koval
Honors Projects
Creativity is an intrinsic part of the human life; however, it is one of the most challenging concepts to be understood. In this paper, I am examining occupations driven by creativity, their economic significance, and how sustainable these occupations are for the creative employees. I will be particularly looking at burnout and its precipitating factors as a way to understand the wellness of the creative workforce. Creative occupations, if fostered properly, can lead to job growth, increased income, and potential for investment in vulnerable communities. This makes them valuable resources for urban economic development goals. Literature suggests that there is …
Wage Theft, Economic Conditions, And Market Power: The Case Of H-1b Workers, Peter Norlander, Jed Devaro
Wage Theft, Economic Conditions, And Market Power: The Case Of H-1b Workers, Peter Norlander, Jed Devaro
School of Business: Faculty Publications and Other Works
This study explores what determines employers’ violations of the wage contracts of workers on H-1B temporary work visas, which occur when firms pay those workers below the promised prevailing or “market” wage. A theoretical framework is proposed that predicts more violations during economic downturns, fewer violations when firms have more labor-market power, and more violations by subcontractor firms. Empirical analysis is based on a firm-level matched dataset of wage and hour violations and the firms that sponsor H-1Bs. Higher labor market power, measured by the Herfindahl-Hirschman Index, is associated with fewer violations. Higher unemployment rates and subcontractor firms are associated …
Are Small Businesses The Framework For A Successful U.S. Economy?, Carson Clevenger
Are Small Businesses The Framework For A Successful U.S. Economy?, Carson Clevenger
Accounting Undergraduate Honors Theses
This thesis will investigate the impact of small businesses on the United States’ economy. I will be assessing several impact areas including gross domestic product, employment, and local economy contribution. This thesis will cover a study from the time periods of 1998-2014 of the gross domestic product and employment levels and will use numbers from the years of 2018- present for other impact areas. Furthermore, I will be analyzing certain sectors of the economy, comparing small businesses contribution to corporate contribution, in order to discuss if small businesses are necessary for our country’s successful economy.
How The Level Of Job Complexity Impacts The Gender Wage Gap Across Occupations, Zytlaly Magaña Corona
How The Level Of Job Complexity Impacts The Gender Wage Gap Across Occupations, Zytlaly Magaña Corona
Electronic Theses, Projects, and Dissertations
The present study focused on unpacking the social and structural aspects of job complexity to better understand its effects on the gender wage gap. Previous research on the job complexity-compensation dynamic has primarily focused on cognitive complexity. Job complexity across occupations were examined using work activity data from O*NET and merging it with the Current Population Survey data sponsored by the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics (N=67,003). Results revealed that higher complexity jobs in this study yielded greater wage disparities across different occupations as predicted. Furthermore, physical activities and gaining knowledge from the Generalized Work Activities were the two most …
Memorial Notice For Professor Emeritus, Dr. Charles Scontras, Bureau Of Labor Education. University Of Maine
Memorial Notice For Professor Emeritus, Dr. Charles Scontras, Bureau Of Labor Education. University Of Maine
Bureau of Labor Education
Dr. Scontras was a tireless advocate for workers and for the preservation Maine’s history of working class struggle. For more than half a century Dr. Scontras addressed the history and present condition of labor in Maine. His work appeared in the op-ed pages of Maine’s newspapers, in six volumes of Maine labor history covering the period from 1636 to the present, in presentations at labor halls and in his determination to make the historical records of Maine labor unions available at the University of Maine Fogler Library Labor Archives.
The Relationship Between Antecedent Variables And Collective Organizational Engagement In U.S. Manufacturers, Kristoffer Carlos Garringer
The Relationship Between Antecedent Variables And Collective Organizational Engagement In U.S. Manufacturers, Kristoffer Carlos Garringer
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
Manufacturing leaders face challenges that influence organizational outcomes such as, collective organizational engagement. Because of the complexities in the U.S. manufacturing industry, manufacturing leaders must identify resources and strategies that influence collective organizational engagement levels. Grounded in employee engagement theory and resource management theory, the purpose of this quantitative correlational study was to examine the relationship between motivating work design, human resource management practices, strategic implementation, and collective organizational engagement. The sample included 123 participants from large manufacturing organizations within the U.S. Mid-Atlantic region who held non-executive titles. The results of the multiple linear regression were significant, F(3, 122) = …
Employer Strategies For Military Spouse Retention, Shanna Smith
Employer Strategies For Military Spouse Retention, Shanna Smith
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
Employee turnover is extremely costly to organizations, which concerns business leaders in the United States because organizations invest time and money in resources such as recruiting, hiring, onboarding, and training. Grounded in systems theory, the purpose of this multiple case study was to explore strategies employers use to retain military spouse talent. The sample consisted of nine business leaders from large companies in San Antonio, Texas, known for successful talent retention initiatives for military spouses. Data were collected from semistructured interviews with business leaders and publicly available organizational documents. Data analysis was guided by thematic analysis, member checking, and methodological …
The Effect Of Low Skill Job Opportunities On Postsecondary Enrollment, Mallory Radesic
The Effect Of Low Skill Job Opportunities On Postsecondary Enrollment, Mallory Radesic
Williams Honors College, Honors Research Projects
This research examines the effect that low skill job opportunities have on the probability of enrollment in postsecondary institutions between men and women, namely the construction and manufacturing industries. The research is based on the human capital investment theory, which states that individuals will enroll in postsecondary institutions when the perceived benefits outweigh the costs. More job opportunity heightens the opportunity cost of enrollment, hence lowering the probability of enrollment. After running a probit model, there is evidence that enrollment is countercyclical and that enrollment decisions do not vary significantly between men and women. I find that a 1 percent …
Employee Ownership And Moral Hazard: How Broad-Based Equity Sharing Can Lower Agency Costs And Reduce Inequality, Colin Clinton Hudson
Employee Ownership And Moral Hazard: How Broad-Based Equity Sharing Can Lower Agency Costs And Reduce Inequality, Colin Clinton Hudson
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Providing incentives to top managers by offering equity has become the norm; this practice, however, does not hold for all levels of employees. After tax incentives for employee ownership were introduced through the Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974, there has been little legislative support to encourage companies to implement broad-based equity sharing programs. Moreover, decades of neoliberal policies have incentivized the pursuit of short-term profits and speculation, which contribute to economic instability and explain the growing gap between productivity and real wages observed since the late 1970s. Developments in the literature contend that employee ownership aligns the goals …
Fixed Costs And The Division Of Labor, Haiwen Zhou
Fixed Costs And The Division Of Labor, Haiwen Zhou
Economics Faculty Publications
How market size and the level of coordination costs determine the degree of specialization is studied in an infinite horizon model with the amount of capital determined endogenously. Firms producing the same intermediate good engage in oligopolistic competition and choose the degree of specialization of their technologies to maximize profits. A more specialized technology is a technology with a lower marginal cost, but a higher fixed cost. Interestingly, the relationship between the level of coordination costs and a firm’s degree of specialization is ambiguous. A firm in a country with a larger market size, more patient citizens, or a higher …