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Articles 1 - 30 of 38
Full-Text Articles in Business
Revisiting The Nexus Between Job Insecurity And Employee Task Performance: Examining The Influence Of Self-Efficacy And Emotional Intelligence In A Mediation–Moderation Model, Adewale Adekiya, Umar Usman
Revisiting The Nexus Between Job Insecurity And Employee Task Performance: Examining The Influence Of Self-Efficacy And Emotional Intelligence In A Mediation–Moderation Model, Adewale Adekiya, Umar Usman
Economic and Business Review
The objective of this study was to examine the relationship between perceived job insecurity and employee task performance. In addition, the moderating influence of emotional intelligence and mediating influence of self-efficacy was examined in this relationship. Through the multi-stage sampling technique, a total of 385 employees were proportionately selected from a cluster that represents three selected Nigerian deposit money banks. Furthermore, a close-ended and structured questionnaire was utilized in a descriptive cross-sectional research design to elicit responses from these employees. A hierarchical moderated regression analysis conducted revealed that perceived job insecurity exercises a significant and negative effect on task performance. …
Effect Of Role Conflict And Role Ambiguity On Employee Creativity, Mushtaq Ahmad, Salah Ud Din Ms Lis
Effect Of Role Conflict And Role Ambiguity On Employee Creativity, Mushtaq Ahmad, Salah Ud Din Ms Lis
Library Philosophy and Practice (e-journal)
The objective of the present study was to investigate the effects of role conflict and role ambiguity on employee’s creativity. Exactly how role stress and various performances of individuals are related has received considerable attention, in which stress has been found to affect individual creativity. However, exactly how role stress (role conflict and role ambiguity) and employee creativity are related has seldom been examined empirically. A sample size of 100 was selected and standard questionnaires were distributes among the employees of three public sector universities in Peshawar KPK Pakistan. The conclusions drawn from the study were that role conflict and …
Employee Fit, Sarah Stepanek, Megan Paul
Employee Fit, Sarah Stepanek, Megan Paul
Umbrella Summaries
What is employee fit? Broadly defined, fit is said to be the “compatibility between individuals and organizations” (Kristof, 1996, p. 3). Early theories of fit proposed that alignment between individuals’ personalities and their environment would lead to greater personal success and happiness; for example, those with social personalities would find the greatest fulfillment in work roles involving helping people, such as a social worker or nurse (Holland, 1985). Since then, the idea of fit has been expanded to include not just alignment of personality, but also attitudes, values, preferences, needs, goals, knowledge, skills, and abilities (Kristof-Brown et al., 2005). Fit …
Mental Health Experiences In The Workplace, Laura L. Goff
Mental Health Experiences In The Workplace, Laura L. Goff
Doctoral Dissertations and Projects
This study examined the real life experiences in the workplace related to employees with mental health issues. It examined these experiences to evaluate differences in perspective on issues arising from the mental health conditions among the employee, the manager, and coworkers. It explored organizational efforts to support employees with mental health issues and the capabilities of those involved in the process. This is a qualitative phenomenological study in which the author explored employer experiences through interviews with HR professionals and employee perspectives through interviews with mental health professionals. The questions asked in these interviews gathered information on one or more …
Is Classifying Uber Drivers As Independent Contractors Really A Bad Thing?, Kyleigh A. Dinnien
Is Classifying Uber Drivers As Independent Contractors Really A Bad Thing?, Kyleigh A. Dinnien
Student Publications
Uber is a part of the gig economy providing individuals with the opportunity to earn cash by completing rides through the Uber platform. These drivers are classified as independent contractors, but there is a discussion on whether they should instead be determined as employees. Employees receive different types of benefits than do independent contractors which is often thought of as a good thing, but this independent contractor classification may be what is saving millions of people from being unemployed. There are reasons why Uber would like to continue classifying drivers as independent contractors and there are consequences to both categories …
Boosting Employee Motivation With Loving- Kindness, Jochen Reb, William Tov, Smu Office Of Research
Boosting Employee Motivation With Loving- Kindness, Jochen Reb, William Tov, Smu Office Of Research
Research@SMU Infographics
New research at SMU, conducted by Professor Jochen Reb and his collaborators, Assosiate Professor William Tov and PhD student Theodore Masters-Waage, shows that loving-kindness can increase employee motivation and cultivate a positive mental state. This can impact job performace and job satisfaction.
Teamwork, Satisfaction And Mediating Effect Of Affective, Continuance And Normative Commitments On Employee’S Loyalty, Thalita A. C. Nicolleti, Eduardo R. Mangini, Leonardo Aureliano-Silva, Cristiane S. Pires, Carolina A. De Freitas Dias
Teamwork, Satisfaction And Mediating Effect Of Affective, Continuance And Normative Commitments On Employee’S Loyalty, Thalita A. C. Nicolleti, Eduardo R. Mangini, Leonardo Aureliano-Silva, Cristiane S. Pires, Carolina A. De Freitas Dias
University of South Florida (USF) M3 Publishing
Teamwork, staff satisfaction, and organizational commitment on employee loyalty have been investigated by previous literature. However, the mediating effects of affective (AC), continuance (CC) and normative (NC) commitments are still a big gap present in theory. Thus, the main purpose of this paper is to explore the mediate role of AC, CC, and NC on employee loyalty. In total, 123 individuals participated in this research. The SEM technique approach was used throughout Smart PLS software version 3.0. The results supported nine hypotheses and rejected one. The theoretical and managerial implications are presented as well as research limitations and avenues for …
Organizational Constraints, Megan Paul
Organizational Constraints, Megan Paul
Umbrella Summaries
What are organizational constraints? Organizational constraints are work conditions that interfere with an employee’s motivation or ability to perform (Spector & Jex, 1998). Though the overall definition sounds quite broad, the assessment focuses on 11 specific types of constraints: inadequate training, incorrect instruction, lack of necessary information about what to do or how to do it, poor equipment or supplies, lack of equipment or supplies, organizational rules and procedures, conflicting job demands, other employees, the supervisor, inadequate help from others, and interruptions by other people (Spector & Jex, 1998). Respondents indicate how frequently these factors make it difficult or impossible …
A Third Class Of Worker: The Dependent Contractor, Lisa J. Fendrick
A Third Class Of Worker: The Dependent Contractor, Lisa J. Fendrick
Student Publications
The following research paper is intended to address the worker classification issue that has intensified due to the rise of the gig economy. After reviewing the current literature on the subject, it will be made clear that a change must be made to the binary classification system that is used in the United States, and to the methods used to categorize workers within the system. This paper proposes the addition of a ‘dependent contractor’ category, which would be a subcategory of employee, and would fall between independent contractor and employee in terms of what benefits they would be entitled to. …
Exploring Millennial Generation Employees’ And Managements’ Perspectives Of The Potential Overuse Of Smartphones In The Workplace By The Millennial Generation, Brooke Kincade
Human Resource Development Theses and Dissertations
The Millennial Generation is entering the workforce at a rapid rate. This generation has grown up with technology and many Millennials have smartphones. As a result of the Millennial Generations knowledge and desire to use a smartphone, many organizations have begun exploring ways to embrace or combat smartphone behavior; however, many organizations are still struggling to recognize and understand the implications to both the employee and the company. This research study explored the potential overuse of smartphones in the workplace by the Millennial Generation. The study described the specific use of smartphones by this Generation to better understand whether they …
How The Great Recession Affected Casino Staffing In Nevada Casinos, Toni Repetti
How The Great Recession Affected Casino Staffing In Nevada Casinos, Toni Repetti
UNLV Gaming Research & Review Journal
In service based industries, as revenue increases so does the need for employees to provide that service, but no known academic research has been conducted on what the most efficient level of that service should be for casinos. In Nevada casinos, significant results show that for each 1% increase in gaming revenue, casino employees increase 0.80%, salaries and wages increase 0.91%, and total payroll increases 0.95%. During fiscal years 2008 – 2010, what many consider the most significant recession to date for Nevada casinos, gaming divisions significantly decreased employees 11.6%, salaries and wages 8.7%, and total payroll 8.8% beyond that …
Inland Vet Supply Employee Training Manual, Jessica Crawford
Inland Vet Supply Employee Training Manual, Jessica Crawford
Agricultural Education and Communication
The purpose of this senior project was to create an informative manual that would aid new employees in learning proper store protocols at Inland Vet Supply. The project included the creation of the manual based on the wants of the employer, Tammy Horal, as well as the needs of the store itself. The manual was written in a way that could be easily understood, and quickly referred to. The intended goal for the manual was to improve the ease of learning, and to reduce the amount of confusion when teaching new employees store procedures. It is with hope that once …
Work Made For Hire – Analyzing The Multifactor Balancing Test, Ryan G. Vacca
Work Made For Hire – Analyzing The Multifactor Balancing Test, Ryan G. Vacca
Akron Law Faculty Publications
Authorship, and hence, initial ownership of copyrighted works is oftentimes controlled by the 1976 Copyright Act’s work made for hire doctrine. This doctrine states that works created by employees within the scope of their employment result in the employer owning the copyright. One key determination in this analysis is whether the hired party is an employee or independent contractor. In 1989, the U.S. Supreme Court, in CCNV v. Reid, answered the question of how employees are distinguished from independent contractors by setting forth a list of factors courts should consider. Unfortunately, the Supreme Court did not give further guidance on …
Work Made For Hire – Analyzing The Multifactor Balancing Test, Ryan G. Vacca
Work Made For Hire – Analyzing The Multifactor Balancing Test, Ryan G. Vacca
Ryan G. Vacca
Authorship, and hence, initial ownership of copyrighted works is oftentimes controlled by the 1976 Copyright Act’s work made for hire doctrine. This doctrine states that works created by employees within the scope of their employment result in the employer owning the copyright. One key determination in this analysis is whether the hired party is an employee or independent contractor. In 1989, the U.S. Supreme Court, in CCNV v. Reid, answered the question of how employees are distinguished from independent contractors by setting forth a list of factors courts should consider. Unfortunately, the Supreme Court did not give further guidance on …
Work Made For Hire – Analyzing The Multifactor Balancing Test, Ryan G. Vacca
Work Made For Hire – Analyzing The Multifactor Balancing Test, Ryan G. Vacca
Law Faculty Scholarship
Authorship, and hence, initial ownership of copyrighted works is oftentimes controlled by the 1976 Copyright Act’s work made for hire doctrine. This doctrine states that works created by employees within the scope of their employment result in the employer owning the copyright. One key determination in this analysis is whether the hired party is an employee or independent contractor. In 1989, the U.S. Supreme Court, in CCNV v. Reid, answered the question of how employees are distinguished from independent contractors by setting forth a list of factors courts should consider. Unfortunately, the Supreme Court did not give further guidance on …
The Role-Based Performance Scale: Validity Analysis Of A Theory-Based Measure, Theresa M. Welbourne, Diane E. Johnson, Amir Erez
The Role-Based Performance Scale: Validity Analysis Of A Theory-Based Measure, Theresa M. Welbourne, Diane E. Johnson, Amir Erez
Theresa M. Welbourne, PhD
This study introduces a theory-based measure of employee performance (Role Based Performance Scale, RBPS) that is supported with results from a validation study using 10 data sets from six companies. In contrast to traditional, job-related measures of employee performance, we propose an alternative measure of performance based on role theory and identity theory. Because our results support the validity of the scale, we think that the instrument can be used for future research that requires a generalizable measure of performance. The scale demonstrates diagnostic properties that make it useful for practitioners as well as researchers.
Agency Theory Implications For Strategic Human Resource Management: Effects Of Ceo Ownership, Administrative Hrm, And Incentive Alignment On Firm Performance, Theresa M. Welbourne, Linda A. Cyr
Agency Theory Implications For Strategic Human Resource Management: Effects Of Ceo Ownership, Administrative Hrm, And Incentive Alignment On Firm Performance, Theresa M. Welbourne, Linda A. Cyr
Theresa M. Welbourne, PhD
Agency theory is used to expand the research in strategic human resource management (SHRM) by viewing the construct underlying SHRM as control over all employees. We develop hypotheses on the effects of CEO ownership, administrative HRM, and incentive stock ownership on firm performance. The results indicate that administrative HRM has a negative effect on stock price. Incentive alignment via stock ownership has a positive effect on stock price and productivity. CEO ownership has a positive effect on sales but a negative impact on productivity. Implications for theory and practice are discussed.
Group Incentives And Pay Satisfaction: Understanding The Relationship Through An Identity Theory Perspective, Theresa M. Welbourne, Daniel M. Cable
Group Incentives And Pay Satisfaction: Understanding The Relationship Through An Identity Theory Perspective, Theresa M. Welbourne, Daniel M. Cable
Theresa M. Welbourne, PhD
The goal of this paper is to develop a conceptual model based on identity theory to specify the relationship between group incentives and pay satisfaction. Pay satisfaction, as currently measured, does not include items that directly assess group-based rewards, therefore, any changes in pay satisfaction associated with group incentive implementation would be the result of some spillover effect. Identity theory is employed to model this effect by delineating how group incentives tap salient work-related roles; the theory also has implications for various behavioral consequences. The research described in this paper tests two hypotheses derived from the conceptual model. These hypotheses …
Human Resource Practices, Knowledge-Creation Capability And Performance In High Technology Firms, Christopher J. Collins, Ken G. Smith, Cynthia Kay Stevens
Human Resource Practices, Knowledge-Creation Capability And Performance In High Technology Firms, Christopher J. Collins, Ken G. Smith, Cynthia Kay Stevens
Christopher J Collins
This study examines the relationship among key HR practices (i.e., effective acquisition, employee-development, commitment-building, and networking practices), three dimensions of knowledge-creation capability (human capital, employee motivation, and information combination and exchange), and firm performance. Results from a sample of 78 high technology firms showed that the three dimensions of knowledge creation interact to positively affect sales growth. Further, the HR practices were found to affect sales growth through their affect on the dimensions of knowledge-creation capability.
Employee Assistance Programs: The Return On Investment For An Eap, Joshua M. Leon
Employee Assistance Programs: The Return On Investment For An Eap, Joshua M. Leon
Senior Honors Theses
This paper examines the subject of employee assistance programs (EAP) and whether they provide a return on investment that merits their use. The historical background of the EAP will be first looked at to demonstrate its purpose and growth in the business world. Research will be presented in relation to EAP use in companies and the outcomes that resulted. Criticisms against EAP use occurs in the business world as well and therefore will be investigated in conjunction with research that supports EAP use. Finally, statistical proof for the return on investment of using an EAP will be given to conclude …
Adaptive Guidance: Effects On Self-Regulated Learning In Technology-Based Training, Bradford S. Bell, Adam Kanar, Xiangmin Liu, Jane Forman, Mila Singh
Adaptive Guidance: Effects On Self-Regulated Learning In Technology-Based Training, Bradford S. Bell, Adam Kanar, Xiangmin Liu, Jane Forman, Mila Singh
Bradford S Bell
Guidance provides trainees with the information necessary to make effective use of the learner control inherent in technology-based training, but also allows them to retain a sense of control over their learning (Bell & Kozlowski, 2002). One challenge, however, is determining how much learner control, or autonomy, to build into the guidance strategy. We examined the effects of alternative forms of guidance (autonomy supportive vs. controlling) on trainees’ learning and performance, and examined trainees’ cognitive ability and motivation to learn as potential moderators of these effects. Consistent with our hypotheses, trainees receiving adaptive guidance had higher levels of knowledge and …
Why High And Low Performers Leave And What They Find Elsewhere: Job Performance Effects On Employment Transitions, Charlie Trevor , John Hausknecht , Michael Howard
Why High And Low Performers Leave And What They Find Elsewhere: Job Performance Effects On Employment Transitions, Charlie Trevor , John Hausknecht , Michael Howard
John Hausknecht
Little is known about how high and low performers differ in terms of why they leave their jobs, and no work examines whether pre-quit job performance matters for post-quit new-job outcomes. Working with a sample of approximately 2,500 former employees of an organization in the leisure and hospitality industry, we find that the reported importance of a variety of quit reasons differs both across and within performance levels. Additionally, we use an ease-of-movement perspective to predict how pre-quit performance relates to post-quit employment, new-job pay, and new-job advancement opportunity. Job type, tenure, and race interacted with performance in predicting new-job …
Are National Exit Examinations Important For Educational Efficiency?, John H. Bishop
Are National Exit Examinations Important For Educational Efficiency?, John H. Bishop
John H Bishop
“This paper analyses effects of national or provincial exit examinations on education quality. On theoretical grounds, the paper argues that such examinations should increase high school achievement, particularly in examination subjects, and that teachers and students and parents and school administrators should focus more on academic achievement when making school-quality decisions. On the negative side, exit examinations may lead to a tendency to concentrate on learning facts, rather than understanding contexts.”
Is The Test Score Decline Responsible For The Productivity Growth Decline?, John H. Bishop
Is The Test Score Decline Responsible For The Productivity Growth Decline?, John H. Bishop
John H Bishop
[Excerpt] The test score decline between 1967 and 1980 was large (about 1.25 grade-level equivalents) and historically unprecedented. New estimates of trend in academic achievement, of the effect of academic achievement on productivity and of trend in the quality of the work force are developed. They imply that if test scores had continued to grow after 1967 at the rate that prevailed in the previous quarter century, labor quality would now be 2.9 percent higher and 1987 GNP $86 billion higher.
Some Thoughts On The Cost Effectiveness Of Graduate Education Subsidies, John H. Bishop
Some Thoughts On The Cost Effectiveness Of Graduate Education Subsidies, John H. Bishop
John H Bishop
[Excerpt] How much should doctorate training be subsidized? The answer proposed is, "Doctorate training should be subsidized to the extent and only to the extent that it produces externality or public benefits – i.e. benefits received by people other than the one receiving the diploma." This value judgment derives from three propositions: (1) In general, an adult knows better than anyone else what is best for himself; (2) the price (measured in both time and money) he is willing to pay for graduate education is the best measure of how much he values it relative to other offerings; and (3) …
On-The-Job Training Of New Hires, John H. Bishop
On-The-Job Training Of New Hires, John H. Bishop
John H Bishop
This paper presents an analysis of a unique data set containing measures of the time devoted to training during the first three months on a job and the productivity consequences of that training. The major findings derived from the analysis of the data on new hire training may be summarized as follows.
In Search Of A Niche, John H. Bishop
In Search Of A Niche, John H. Bishop
John H Bishop
"As enrollment in secondary vocational education programs declines and employers re-evaluate the attributes needed for success in today’s job market, some observers of the U.S. education system have called for schools to limit – or even eliminate – the teaching of occupational skills. Does this mean employers don’t reward such training?"
Making Vocational Education More Effective For At-Risk Youth, John H. Bishop
Making Vocational Education More Effective For At-Risk Youth, John H. Bishop
John H Bishop
"Occupationally specific vocational training pays off for disadvantaged students, but only if graduates work in the jobs they were trained for. Implication: Vocational educators must help make sure that the skills they teach are used."
What We Know About Employer-Provided Training: A Review Of Literature, John H. Bishop
What We Know About Employer-Provided Training: A Review Of Literature, John H. Bishop
John H Bishop
While the importance of on-the-job training is recognized by everyone, it is a phenomenon that is very difficult to study. Most training is informal and hard to measure and its effects on productivity are even more difficult to quantify. An elegant theory explaining how the quantity of training is determined and who pays for and benefits from it has been available for more than a third of a century (Becker 1962). However, the absence of data on the key theoretical constructs of the theory--general training, specific training, informal training and productivity growth--means that the only predictions of the theory that …
Compensation In Nonprofit Organizations, Kevin F. Hallock
Compensation In Nonprofit Organizations, Kevin F. Hallock
Kevin F Hallock
Although the nonprofit sector is enormous, we know little about how workers there are compensated. This may be due, in part, to the fact that the literature is scattered across many fields including Human Resources Management, Accounting, Economics, Finance, Organizational Behavior, Political Science, and Sociology. The paper aims to synthesize the research on nonprofits from an economics point of view, while carefully considering the work in the many other areas. In addition to using data from the U.S. census to provide a description of employment and wages in the nonprofit sector as well as a comparison with the for-profit sector, …