Open Access. Powered by Scholars. Published by Universities.®
- Institution
- Keyword
-
- 6. International political economy, globalisation and social activism (15)
- 1. The current crisis and economic policies (14)
- 2. Economic growth and innovation (13)
- Innovation (10)
- 3. Inequality, distribution and innovation (6)
-
- 4. Technology and employment (6)
- 5. Analysis of innovation (6)
- Employment (6)
- Globalisation (6)
- Social Movements (6)
- Inequality (5)
- Productivity (4)
- Technology (3)
- Wages (3)
- Capitalismo (2)
- Growth (2)
- Apprendimento (1)
- Cicli (1)
- Crisi (1)
- Crisi economica (1)
- Decline (1)
- Demand (1)
- Economic policy (1)
- Emerging Countries (1)
- Europa (1)
- Europe (1)
- European crisis (1)
- Imprese (1)
- Industria (1)
- Industrial policy (1)
Articles 31 - 59 of 59
Full-Text Articles in Business
Guest Editors' Introduction For Special Issue On "Inequality: Mechanisms And Effects", Mario Pianta, Maurizio Franzini
Guest Editors' Introduction For Special Issue On "Inequality: Mechanisms And Effects", Mario Pianta, Maurizio Franzini
Mario Pianta
Innovation And Wage Polarisation In Europe, Mario Pianta, Elisabetta Croci Angelini, Francesco Farina
Innovation And Wage Polarisation In Europe, Mario Pianta, Elisabetta Croci Angelini, Francesco Farina
Mario Pianta
Firm Size And Innovation In European Manufacturing, Mario Pianta, Andrea Vaona
Firm Size And Innovation In European Manufacturing, Mario Pianta, Andrea Vaona
Mario Pianta
The paper investigates the differences between small, medium-sized and large firms regarding their performance in the introduction of new products and processes. After a review of the relevant literature, two models are proposed and tested in search for different business strategies and innovation inputs connected to product and process innovations. The empirical analysis uses innovation survey (CIS 2) data at the industry level for 22 manufacturing sectors, broken down in three firm size classes, for eight European countries. Special attention is devoted to tackling the issues of possible endogeneity of the regressors and of unobserved sectoral heterogeneity. The results – …
Innovations, Profits And Wages, Mario Pianta, Massimiliano Tancioni
Innovations, Profits And Wages, Mario Pianta, Massimiliano Tancioni
Mario Pianta
New Process And New Products In Europe And Italy, Mario Pianta, Francesco Crespi
New Process And New Products In Europe And Italy, Mario Pianta, Francesco Crespi
Mario Pianta
Innovation After Lisbon: New Ideas For Innovation Policies In Europe, Mario Pianta, Andrea Vaona
Innovation After Lisbon: New Ideas For Innovation Policies In Europe, Mario Pianta, Andrea Vaona
Mario Pianta
Demand And Innovation In Productivity Growth, Mario Pianta, Francesco Crespi
Demand And Innovation In Productivity Growth, Mario Pianta, Francesco Crespi
Mario Pianta
The labour productivity impact of demand and innovation is investigated in this paper combining insights from the Kaldorian and Schumpeterian traditions. After a review of studies in such traditions, a general model is proposed for explaining productivity growth in European manufacturing and service industries in the late 1990s, followed by two distinct specifications for the industries oriented toward product innovation, and for those where process innovation dominates. The empirical analysis is based on the match of the SIEPI-CIS2 database developed at the University of Urbino and Eurostat Input–Output Tables at the industry level, for 22 manufacturing sectors and 10 services …
Diversity In Innovation And Productivity In Europe, Mario Pianta, Francesco Crespi
Diversity In Innovation And Productivity In Europe, Mario Pianta, Francesco Crespi
Mario Pianta
The diversity in innovation patterns across manufacturing and service industries and in their outcomes in terms of hourly labor productivity are investigated in this article considering six European countries. The Schumpeterian insights into the variety of innovation are developed in this work by identifying different innovation–performance relationships for industries and countries, relying either on the dominant role of product innovation, or on the diffusion of process improvements. Moreover, the “push” effect of innovation is combined with the “pull” effect of demand, by considering the impact of the dynamics of consumption and investment at the sectoral level. The results point out …
Innovation And Productivity In European Industries, Mario Pianta, Andrea Vaona
Innovation And Productivity In European Industries, Mario Pianta, Andrea Vaona
Mario Pianta
The labour productivity impact of innovation is investigated in this paper combining neo-Schumpeterian insights on the variety of innovation with the importance of industrial structures and firm size; two models are proposed for explaining productivity and export success in European manufacturing industries and firm-size classes. The empirical estimates are based on data from the European innovation survey (CIS 2), covering Austria, France, Italy, the Netherlands, and the UK, broken down by 22 sectors and for large, medium, and small firms. The econometric results, obtained adopting cross-sectional estimation methodologies able to account for unobserved industrial characteristics, show that productivity in Europe …
Innovazione E Occupazione, Mario Pianta
Demand And Innovation In European Industries, Mario Pianta, Francesco Crespi
Demand And Innovation In European Industries, Mario Pianta, Francesco Crespi
Mario Pianta
After the decade-old debate between demand-pull and technology-push perspectives, demand seems to have fallen out of fashion. In this paper two models are proposed on the determinants of general innovative activities and on the market impact of product innovations. The models combine the supply and demand engines of innovation, and qualify the type of innovative efforts, distinguishing between those oriented towards cost reductions or towards technological competitiveness. The models are tested at the industry level for 22 manufacturing sectors and 17 services sectors in six European countries. The results show that efforts at technological competitiveness, product oriented strategies and the …
Commercio Con L'Estero E Tecnologia In Italia Negli Anni Cinquanta E Sessanta, Mario Pianta, Matteo Gamellini
Commercio Con L'Estero E Tecnologia In Italia Negli Anni Cinquanta E Sessanta, Mario Pianta, Matteo Gamellini
Mario Pianta
Il commercio con l’estero ha svolto un ruolo centrale nello sviluppo economico italiano del secondo dopoguerra. Il rapido aumento dell’export ha contribuito all’accelerazione dei tassi di crescita dell’economia, ha stimolato le attività tecnologiche, ha disegnato l’orientamento della struttura produttiva italiana e la sua collocazione sui mercati europei e internazionali. La crescita impetuosa delle importazioni ha permesso l’acquisizione dall’estero di conoscenze e beni essenziali per il paese. Negli anni Cinquanta e Sessanta l’Italia assume le caratteristiche di un’economia aperta, segnata dall’importanza della domanda estera e della competitività internazionale: si delineano in questo periodo aspetti destinati a diventare una caratteristica permanente dell’economia …
Industria, Mario Pianta
Industria, Mario Pianta
Mario Pianta
Le trasformazioni dell'economia hanno al centro il ruolo dell'industria, che nei primi anni del 21° secolo è stata caratterizzata da processi di innovazione tecnologica, di internazionalizzazione della produzione e di diffusione delle attività industriali in numerosi Paesi in via di sviluppo. Nei Paesi più avanzati e in Italia tali processi hanno portato a una concentrazione del controllo di produzioni svolte su scala internazionale, a una forte crescita delle attività finanziarie, a una progressiva deindustrializzazione, con il calo dell'occupazione nel settore e la crescita del peso dei servizi.
Global Justice Movements. The Transnational Dimension, Mario Pianta, Raffaele Marchetti
Global Justice Movements. The Transnational Dimension, Mario Pianta, Raffaele Marchetti
Mario Pianta
No abstract provided.
Comercio Y Trabajo: Asimetrias En El Gobierno Global, Mario Pianta
Comercio Y Trabajo: Asimetrias En El Gobierno Global, Mario Pianta
Mario Pianta
No abstract provided.
Un World Summits And Civil Society. The State Of Art, Mario Pianta
Un World Summits And Civil Society. The State Of Art, Mario Pianta
Mario Pianta
No abstract provided.
Innovation And Employment, Mario Pianta
Innovation And Employment, Mario Pianta
Mario Pianta
The relationship between innovation and employment is a complex one and has long been a topical issue in economic theory. Moving from the classical question ‘‘does technology create or destroy jobs?’’ recent research has investigated the impact of different types of innovation and the structural and institutional factors affecting the quantity of employment change. Quality aspects have received increasing attention, with questions of ‘‘what type of jobs are created or destroyed by innovation?’’ This line of research has asked, ‘‘how does the composition of skills change’’ and ‘‘how does the wage structure change,’’ leading to a large literature on skill …
The Impact Of Innovation On Jobs, Skills And Wages, Mario Pianta
The Impact Of Innovation On Jobs, Skills And Wages, Mario Pianta
Mario Pianta
Unemployment, skill polarisation and growing wage inequality are major problems in advanced countries. Technological change - in particular the emergence of Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs) - has often been called into question as a factor in such labour market developments. This article investigates the impact innovation has on jobs, skills and wages, discussing the concepts for analysis, reviewing the evidence of major studies and providing recent empirical evidence for European countries.
Globalisers From Below. A Survey On Global Civil Societ Organisations, Mario Pianta, Federico Silva
Globalisers From Below. A Survey On Global Civil Societ Organisations, Mario Pianta, Federico Silva
Mario Pianta
No abstract provided.
Innovation And The Economy, Mario Pianta, J. Michie, C. Oughton
Innovation And The Economy, Mario Pianta, J. Michie, C. Oughton
Mario Pianta
Unemployment has remained at relatively high levels across most European countries for a generation now. There have been a number of suggested explanations for this, with correspondingly different policy implications. Two of the major hypotheses relate, first, to the impact on the European economies from increased international competition, and `globalisation’ more generally, and, secondly, to the effects of new technology and innovation. The effects of both globalisation and technology on growth and employment in Europe have been researched over the past two years through an EU-funded project, the results of which, relating in particular to innovation, are reported in this …
Employment Effects Of Product And Process Innovations In Europe, Mario Pianta, Tommaso Antonucci
Employment Effects Of Product And Process Innovations In Europe, Mario Pianta, Tommaso Antonucci
Mario Pianta
This paper develops a model of the employment impact of innovation considering, on the one hand, the interactions with demand and labour costs and, on the other, the variety of patterns of technological change. Different technological strategies are considered. First, a search for technological competitiveness is based on product innovation and productivity rooted in quality advantages; second a strategy of active price competitiveness has productivity growth rooted in process innovation-based restructuring; third a passive price competitiveness strategy is pursued by noninnovators relying on cost-cutting. The new European innovation database drawn from the Community Innovation Survey 1994-96, merged with structural and …
Innovation, Demand And Employment, Mario Pianta
Innovation, Demand And Employment, Mario Pianta
Mario Pianta
The paper examines the link between technological change and demand and their impact on employment in manufacturing industry. The specific nature of innovation, mainly oriented towards product or process innovations, is considered, in the light of the competitive strategies of firms and industries. An interpretative model is proposed and an empirical analysis is carried out, using the data of the European Innovation Surveys for five countries. The results of cross-industry regressions show that demand, structural change and orientation toward product innovations have a positive impact on employment change in the 1990s, while the intensity of innovative expenditure (including R&D, design, …
Globalizzazione Dal Basso. Economia Mondiale E Movimenti Sociali, Mario Pianta
Globalizzazione Dal Basso. Economia Mondiale E Movimenti Sociali, Mario Pianta
Mario Pianta
No abstract provided.
Trade And Labour, Mario Pianta
Parallel Summits Of Global Civil Society, Mario Pianta
Parallel Summits Of Global Civil Society, Mario Pianta
Mario Pianta
No abstract provided.
Technological Specialization And Economic Performance In Oecd Countries, Mario Pianta, Valentina Meliciani
Technological Specialization And Economic Performance In Oecd Countries, Mario Pianta, Valentina Meliciani
Mario Pianta
The paper investigates the growing sectoral specialization in technological activities of OECD countries (measured using patent data) and its impact on countries' innovative and economic performance in the 1975-1990 period. Aggregate indicators of sectoral specialization are introduced, showing the extent to which countries concentrate their innovations in few fields, or spread them across several sectors. A general positive relationship is found between the degree of specialization in technology and higher rates of growth, while specialization in electronics-related fields is not associated to better economic or technological performances. The position of individual countries in these patterns is also examined, showing that …
Measuring Technological Change Through Patents And Innovation Surveys, Mario Pianta, Daniele Archibugi
Measuring Technological Change Through Patents And Innovation Surveys, Mario Pianta, Daniele Archibugi
Mario Pianta
This article provides an overview of recent research using innovation surveys and patent data as indicators of technological activity. The conceptual and methodological problems of 'measuring' technology are discussed, with a classification of the types of information which can be drawn from patent databases and from surveys of both innovations and the innovative efforts of firms. The findings and the methodological strengths and weaknesses of such studies are reviewed, considering first the evidence at the firm level, second the analysis of the industrial structure and finally the evidence at the country level and the process of globalization. The overview shows …
Aggregate Convergence And Sectoral Specialization In Innovation, Mario Pianta, Daniele Archibugi
Aggregate Convergence And Sectoral Specialization In Innovation, Mario Pianta, Daniele Archibugi
Mario Pianta
Over the last 20 years OECD countries have converged in terms of their innovation, in parallel to the process of economic convergence and catching-up in technology. However, this has not led to a similarity in the sectoral strenghts of the majority of countries. Applying a measure of "technological distance" between pairs of countries based on patents, it is shown that nations have increased their technological specialization (i.e their sectoral differences) over the 1980s. An apparent paradox is pointed out, as countries converge by becoming more different and grow by becoming more specialized.
Specialization And Size Of Technological Activities In Industrial Countries: The Analysis Of Patent Data, Mario Pianta, Daniele Archibugi
Specialization And Size Of Technological Activities In Industrial Countries: The Analysis Of Patent Data, Mario Pianta, Daniele Archibugi
Mario Pianta
The determinants and directton of the technological specialization of advanced countries are investtgated in thus paper using patent counts and citations as technology indicators.