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"Troublesome Medicine Man": Representations Of The Sword Bearer Incident In Newspaper Coverage, Cara Sue Swaim May 2025

"Troublesome Medicine Man": Representations Of The Sword Bearer Incident In Newspaper Coverage, Cara Sue Swaim

History Undergraduate Honors Theses

Newspaper coverage of Native Americans during the nineteenth century had an “artistic bias,” or a tendency to emphasize action, danger, and treachery as a part of the “Indian formula.” This meant that vast amounts of journalistic zeal was spent on instances of conflict and tension between tribes, within tribes, between tribes and white settlers, or between tribes and the U.S. military, while times of peace and instances of cooperation received miniscule amounts of attention. This was largely motivated by a desire to justify American western expansion and the need to “civilize” Native groups. This “Indian formula” was also applied in …


Feminine Felons: Violent Offenders' Intersectional Experiences In Twentieth-Century Montana, Cassidy Ann Vander Voort Jan 2025

Feminine Felons: Violent Offenders' Intersectional Experiences In Twentieth-Century Montana, Cassidy Ann Vander Voort

Graduate Student Theses, Dissertations, & Professional Papers

This paper explores the treatment of violent female offenders in Montana in both the media and prison system from 1900-1960. Women of all races faced gender discrimination from both the carceral system and popular media. Local newspapers sensationalized crimes committed by female offenders, portraying them as women who lived outside of the expectations of womanhood in the twentieth century. Newspapers and courts placed women into two categories: “mad/sad” female offenders, who received forgiveness for their crimes; or unforgivable, “bad” offenders. Crime did not determine these categorizations; instead, gender expectations of the white middle class shaped female criminals’ treatment. If these …


An Exploration Of Ethnobotanically Significant Plants To The Native American Tribes Of Montana, Margaret Magee Jan 2021

An Exploration Of Ethnobotanically Significant Plants To The Native American Tribes Of Montana, Margaret Magee

Undergraduate Theses, Professional Papers, and Capstone Artifacts

Ethnobotany is the study of the human uses of plants; for the Native Tribes of Montana these uses refer to everything from food, to ceremony, to medicine and everything in between. As a collaboration with the Payne Family Native American Center Ethnobotanical gardens, I conducted research on the various plants and their uses that are of particular significance to the 11 Tribes and 7 reservations across the state of MT. I collected information from first-hand experience working as an intern at the ethnobotanical garden, through discussions lead by Native ethnobotanists, and through extensive exploration of literature and plant identification manuals. …


Knife River Flint Distribution And Identification In Montana, Laura Evilsizer Jan 2016

Knife River Flint Distribution And Identification In Montana, Laura Evilsizer

Graduate Student Theses, Dissertations, & Professional Papers

An examination of the spatial, temporal, and functional distribution of Knife River flint in Montana, and a study in misidentification of Knife River flint in archaeological assemblages. Lithic sourcing has the potential to provide a plethora of information to archaeologists: resource procurement strategies, mobility patterns, trade networks, and the preferencing of particular lithic material types. However, without proper identification it is impossible to study the distribution of lithic materials from their source. Knife River flint, a brown chalcedony, is a particularly fascinating material, geologically occurring in a small area, but culturally distributed over a large area. I analyze the distribution …


Instream Flows And Tribal Management Goals: The Flathead Indian Reservation Litigation, Daniel F. Decker Jun 1988

Instream Flows And Tribal Management Goals: The Flathead Indian Reservation Litigation, Daniel F. Decker

Natural Resource Development in Indian Country (Summer Conference, June 8-10)

6 pages.


Montana, Blackfeet Reservation, Holy Family Mission School, 1962, John B. Tennelly, Bureau Of Catholic Indian Missions Jan 1962

Montana, Blackfeet Reservation, Holy Family Mission School, 1962, John B. Tennelly, Bureau Of Catholic Indian Missions

Montana

The Bureau of Catholic Indian Missions (BCIM) was created in 1874 as the Office of the Commissioner for Catholic Indian Missions to protect, promote, and administer the Native American mission interests of the Catholic Church in the United States. Records in this group are organized by record group and then state or territory and year. Collection organization varies very little throughout the collection, however, prior to 1921, general correspondence was organized by location. Starting with Director Hughes, general correspondence was placed as its own subgroup within the collection and is organized alphabetically. Please go to Ask An Archivist if you …


Montana, Flathead Reservation, St. Ignatius Mission School, 1962, John B. Tennelly, Bureau Of Catholic Indian Missions Jan 1962

Montana, Flathead Reservation, St. Ignatius Mission School, 1962, John B. Tennelly, Bureau Of Catholic Indian Missions

Montana

The Bureau of Catholic Indian Missions (BCIM) was created in 1874 as the Office of the Commissioner for Catholic Indian Missions to protect, promote, and administer the Native American mission interests of the Catholic Church in the United States. Records in this group are organized by record group and then state or territory and year. Collection organization varies very little throughout the collection, however, prior to 1921, general correspondence was organized by location. Starting with Director Hughes, general correspondence was placed as its own subgroup within the collection and is organized alphabetically. Please go to Ask An Archivist if you …


Montana, Crow Reservation, St. Xavier's And St. Charles Missions Schools, 1962, John B. Tennelly, Bureau Of Catholic Indian Missions Jan 1962

Montana, Crow Reservation, St. Xavier's And St. Charles Missions Schools, 1962, John B. Tennelly, Bureau Of Catholic Indian Missions

Montana

The Bureau of Catholic Indian Missions (BCIM) was created in 1874 as the Office of the Commissioner for Catholic Indian Missions to protect, promote, and administer the Native American mission interests of the Catholic Church in the United States. Records in this group are organized by record group and then state or territory and year. Collection organization varies very little throughout the collection, however, prior to 1921, general correspondence was organized by location. Starting with Director Hughes, general correspondence was placed as its own subgroup within the collection and is organized alphabetically. Please go to Ask An Archivist if you …


Montana, Northern Cheyenne Reservation, St. Labre's Mission School, 1961, John B. Tennelly, Bureau Of Catholic Indian Missions Jan 1961

Montana, Northern Cheyenne Reservation, St. Labre's Mission School, 1961, John B. Tennelly, Bureau Of Catholic Indian Missions

Montana

The Bureau of Catholic Indian Missions (BCIM) was created in 1874 as the Office of the Commissioner for Catholic Indian Missions to protect, promote, and administer the Native American mission interests of the Catholic Church in the United States. Records in this group are organized by record group and then state or territory and year. Collection organization varies very little throughout the collection, however, prior to 1921, general correspondence was organized by location. Starting with Director Hughes, general correspondence was placed as its own subgroup within the collection and is organized alphabetically. Please go to Ask An Archivist if you …


Montana, Flathead Reservation, St. Ignatius Mission School, 1961, John B. Tennelly, Bureau Of Catholic Indian Missions Jan 1961

Montana, Flathead Reservation, St. Ignatius Mission School, 1961, John B. Tennelly, Bureau Of Catholic Indian Missions

Montana

The Bureau of Catholic Indian Missions (BCIM) was created in 1874 as the Office of the Commissioner for Catholic Indian Missions to protect, promote, and administer the Native American mission interests of the Catholic Church in the United States. Records in this group are organized by record group and then state or territory and year. Collection organization varies very little throughout the collection, however, prior to 1921, general correspondence was organized by location. Starting with Director Hughes, general correspondence was placed as its own subgroup within the collection and is organized alphabetically. Please go to Ask An Archivist if you …


Montana, Crow Reservation, St. Xavier's And St. Charles Schools, 1961, John B. Tennelly, Bureau Of Catholic Indian Missions Jan 1961

Montana, Crow Reservation, St. Xavier's And St. Charles Schools, 1961, John B. Tennelly, Bureau Of Catholic Indian Missions

Montana

The Bureau of Catholic Indian Missions (BCIM) was created in 1874 as the Office of the Commissioner for Catholic Indian Missions to protect, promote, and administer the Native American mission interests of the Catholic Church in the United States. Records in this group are organized by record group and then state or territory and year. Collection organization varies very little throughout the collection, however, prior to 1921, general correspondence was organized by location. Starting with Director Hughes, general correspondence was placed as its own subgroup within the collection and is organized alphabetically. Please go to Ask An Archivist if you …


Montana, Blackfeet Reservation, Holy Family Mission School, 1961, John B. Tennelly, Bureau Of Catholic Indian Missions Jan 1961

Montana, Blackfeet Reservation, Holy Family Mission School, 1961, John B. Tennelly, Bureau Of Catholic Indian Missions

Montana

The Bureau of Catholic Indian Missions (BCIM) was created in 1874 as the Office of the Commissioner for Catholic Indian Missions to protect, promote, and administer the Native American mission interests of the Catholic Church in the United States. Records in this group are organized by record group and then state or territory and year. Collection organization varies very little throughout the collection, however, prior to 1921, general correspondence was organized by location. Starting with Director Hughes, general correspondence was placed as its own subgroup within the collection and is organized alphabetically. Please go to Ask An Archivist if you …


Montana, Northern Cheyenne Reservation, St. Labre's Mission School, 1960, John B. Tennelly, Bureau Of Catholic Indian Missions Jan 1960

Montana, Northern Cheyenne Reservation, St. Labre's Mission School, 1960, John B. Tennelly, Bureau Of Catholic Indian Missions

Montana

The Bureau of Catholic Indian Missions (BCIM) was created in 1874 as the Office of the Commissioner for Catholic Indian Missions to protect, promote, and administer the Native American mission interests of the Catholic Church in the United States. Records in this group are organized by record group and then state or territory and year. Collection organization varies very little throughout the collection, however, prior to 1921, general correspondence was organized by location. Starting with Director Hughes, general correspondence was placed as its own subgroup within the collection and is organized alphabetically. Please go to Ask An Archivist if you …


Montana, Flathead Reservation, St. Ignatius Mission School, 1960, John B. Tennelly, Bureau Of Catholic Indian Missions Jan 1960

Montana, Flathead Reservation, St. Ignatius Mission School, 1960, John B. Tennelly, Bureau Of Catholic Indian Missions

Montana

The Bureau of Catholic Indian Missions (BCIM) was created in 1874 as the Office of the Commissioner for Catholic Indian Missions to protect, promote, and administer the Native American mission interests of the Catholic Church in the United States. Records in this group are organized by record group and then state or territory and year. Collection organization varies very little throughout the collection, however, prior to 1921, general correspondence was organized by location. Starting with Director Hughes, general correspondence was placed as its own subgroup within the collection and is organized alphabetically. Please go to Ask An Archivist if you …


Montana, Crow Reservation, St. Xavier And St. Charles Schools, 1960, John B. Tennelly, Bureau Of Catholic Indian Missions Jan 1960

Montana, Crow Reservation, St. Xavier And St. Charles Schools, 1960, John B. Tennelly, Bureau Of Catholic Indian Missions

Montana

The Bureau of Catholic Indian Missions (BCIM) was created in 1874 as the Office of the Commissioner for Catholic Indian Missions to protect, promote, and administer the Native American mission interests of the Catholic Church in the United States. Records in this group are organized by record group and then state or territory and year. Collection organization varies very little throughout the collection, however, prior to 1921, general correspondence was organized by location. Starting with Director Hughes, general correspondence was placed as its own subgroup within the collection and is organized alphabetically. Please go to Ask An Archivist if you …


Montana, Fort Belknap Reservation, St. Thomas And Sacred Heart Missions, 1960, John B. Tennelly, Bureau Of Catholic Indian Missions Jan 1960

Montana, Fort Belknap Reservation, St. Thomas And Sacred Heart Missions, 1960, John B. Tennelly, Bureau Of Catholic Indian Missions

Montana

The Bureau of Catholic Indian Missions (BCIM) was created in 1874 as the Office of the Commissioner for Catholic Indian Missions to protect, promote, and administer the Native American mission interests of the Catholic Church in the United States. Records in this group are organized by record group and then state or territory and year. Collection organization varies very little throughout the collection, however, prior to 1921, general correspondence was organized by location. Starting with Director Hughes, general correspondence was placed as its own subgroup within the collection and is organized alphabetically. Please go to Ask An Archivist if you …


Montana, Fort Peck Reservation, Our Lady Of The Lourdes Mission, 1960, John B. Tennelly, Bureau Of Catholic Indian Missions Jan 1960

Montana, Fort Peck Reservation, Our Lady Of The Lourdes Mission, 1960, John B. Tennelly, Bureau Of Catholic Indian Missions

Montana

The Bureau of Catholic Indian Missions (BCIM) was created in 1874 as the Office of the Commissioner for Catholic Indian Missions to protect, promote, and administer the Native American mission interests of the Catholic Church in the United States. Records in this group are organized by record group and then state or territory and year. Collection organization varies very little throughout the collection, however, prior to 1921, general correspondence was organized by location. Starting with Director Hughes, general correspondence was placed as its own subgroup within the collection and is organized alphabetically. Please go to Ask An Archivist if you …


Montana, Rocky Boy Reservation, St. Mary's And St. Anthony's Missions, 1960, John B. Tennelly, Bureau Of Catholic Indian Missions Jan 1960

Montana, Rocky Boy Reservation, St. Mary's And St. Anthony's Missions, 1960, John B. Tennelly, Bureau Of Catholic Indian Missions

Montana

The Bureau of Catholic Indian Missions (BCIM) was created in 1874 as the Office of the Commissioner for Catholic Indian Missions to protect, promote, and administer the Native American mission interests of the Catholic Church in the United States. Records in this group are organized by record group and then state or territory and year. Collection organization varies very little throughout the collection, however, prior to 1921, general correspondence was organized by location. Starting with Director Hughes, general correspondence was placed as its own subgroup within the collection and is organized alphabetically. Please go to Ask An Archivist if you …


Montana, Fort Peck Reservation, Immaculate Conception Mission School, 1960, John B. Tennelly, Bureau Of Catholic Indian Missions Jan 1960

Montana, Fort Peck Reservation, Immaculate Conception Mission School, 1960, John B. Tennelly, Bureau Of Catholic Indian Missions

Montana

The Bureau of Catholic Indian Missions (BCIM) was created in 1874 as the Office of the Commissioner for Catholic Indian Missions to protect, promote, and administer the Native American mission interests of the Catholic Church in the United States. Records in this group are organized by record group and then state or territory and year. Collection organization varies very little throughout the collection, however, prior to 1921, general correspondence was organized by location. Starting with Director Hughes, general correspondence was placed as its own subgroup within the collection and is organized alphabetically. Please go to Ask An Archivist if you …


Montana, Blackfeet Reservation, Holy Family Mission School, 1960, John B. Tennelly, Bureau Of Catholic Indian Missions Jan 1960

Montana, Blackfeet Reservation, Holy Family Mission School, 1960, John B. Tennelly, Bureau Of Catholic Indian Missions

Montana

The Bureau of Catholic Indian Missions (BCIM) was created in 1874 as the Office of the Commissioner for Catholic Indian Missions to protect, promote, and administer the Native American mission interests of the Catholic Church in the United States. Records in this group are organized by record group and then state or territory and year. Collection organization varies very little throughout the collection, however, prior to 1921, general correspondence was organized by location. Starting with Director Hughes, general correspondence was placed as its own subgroup within the collection and is organized alphabetically. Please go to Ask An Archivist if you …


Montana, Blackfeet Reservation, Holy Family Mission School, 1959, John B. Tennelly, Bureau Of Catholic Indian Missions Jan 1959

Montana, Blackfeet Reservation, Holy Family Mission School, 1959, John B. Tennelly, Bureau Of Catholic Indian Missions

Montana

The Bureau of Catholic Indian Missions (BCIM) was created in 1874 as the Office of the Commissioner for Catholic Indian Missions to protect, promote, and administer the Native American mission interests of the Catholic Church in the United States. Records in this group are organized by record group and then state or territory and year. Collection organization varies very little throughout the collection, however, prior to 1921, general correspondence was organized by location. Starting with Director Hughes, general correspondence was placed as its own subgroup within the collection and is organized alphabetically. Please go to Ask An Archivist if you …


Montana, Rocky Boy Reservation, St. Mary's And St. Anthony's Missions, 1959, John B. Tennelly, Bureau Of Catholic Indian Missions Jan 1959

Montana, Rocky Boy Reservation, St. Mary's And St. Anthony's Missions, 1959, John B. Tennelly, Bureau Of Catholic Indian Missions

Montana

The Bureau of Catholic Indian Missions (BCIM) was created in 1874 as the Office of the Commissioner for Catholic Indian Missions to protect, promote, and administer the Native American mission interests of the Catholic Church in the United States. Records in this group are organized by record group and then state or territory and year. Collection organization varies very little throughout the collection, however, prior to 1921, general correspondence was organized by location. Starting with Director Hughes, general correspondence was placed as its own subgroup within the collection and is organized alphabetically. Please go to Ask An Archivist if you …


Montana, Northern Cheyenne Reservation, St. Labre's Mission School, 1959, John B. Tennelly, Bureau Of Catholic Indian Missions Jan 1959

Montana, Northern Cheyenne Reservation, St. Labre's Mission School, 1959, John B. Tennelly, Bureau Of Catholic Indian Missions

Montana

The Bureau of Catholic Indian Missions (BCIM) was created in 1874 as the Office of the Commissioner for Catholic Indian Missions to protect, promote, and administer the Native American mission interests of the Catholic Church in the United States. Records in this group are organized by record group and then state or territory and year. Collection organization varies very little throughout the collection, however, prior to 1921, general correspondence was organized by location. Starting with Director Hughes, general correspondence was placed as its own subgroup within the collection and is organized alphabetically. Please go to Ask An Archivist if you …


Montana, Blackfeet Reservation, Browning, Little Flower Mission, 1959, John B. Tennelly, Bureau Of Catholic Indian Missions Jan 1959

Montana, Blackfeet Reservation, Browning, Little Flower Mission, 1959, John B. Tennelly, Bureau Of Catholic Indian Missions

Montana

The Bureau of Catholic Indian Missions (BCIM) was created in 1874 as the Office of the Commissioner for Catholic Indian Missions to protect, promote, and administer the Native American mission interests of the Catholic Church in the United States. Records in this group are organized by record group and then state or territory and year. Collection organization varies very little throughout the collection, however, prior to 1921, general correspondence was organized by location. Starting with Director Hughes, general correspondence was placed as its own subgroup within the collection and is organized alphabetically. Please go to Ask An Archivist if you …


Montana, Fort Belknap Reservation, St. Thomas And Sacred Heart Missions, 1959, John B. Tennelly, Bureau Of Catholic Indian Missions Jan 1959

Montana, Fort Belknap Reservation, St. Thomas And Sacred Heart Missions, 1959, John B. Tennelly, Bureau Of Catholic Indian Missions

Montana

The Bureau of Catholic Indian Missions (BCIM) was created in 1874 as the Office of the Commissioner for Catholic Indian Missions to protect, promote, and administer the Native American mission interests of the Catholic Church in the United States. Records in this group are organized by record group and then state or territory and year. Collection organization varies very little throughout the collection, however, prior to 1921, general correspondence was organized by location. Starting with Director Hughes, general correspondence was placed as its own subgroup within the collection and is organized alphabetically. Please go to Ask An Archivist if you …


Montana, Flathead Reservation, St. Ignatius Mission School, 1959, John B. Tennelly, Bureau Of Catholic Indian Missions Jan 1959

Montana, Flathead Reservation, St. Ignatius Mission School, 1959, John B. Tennelly, Bureau Of Catholic Indian Missions

Montana

The Bureau of Catholic Indian Missions (BCIM) was created in 1874 as the Office of the Commissioner for Catholic Indian Missions to protect, promote, and administer the Native American mission interests of the Catholic Church in the United States. Records in this group are organized by record group and then state or territory and year. Collection organization varies very little throughout the collection, however, prior to 1921, general correspondence was organized by location. Starting with Director Hughes, general correspondence was placed as its own subgroup within the collection and is organized alphabetically. Please go to Ask An Archivist if you …


Montana, Fort Peck Reservation, Our Lady Of The Lourdes Mission, 1959, John B. Tennelly, Bureau Of Catholic Indian Missions Jan 1959

Montana, Fort Peck Reservation, Our Lady Of The Lourdes Mission, 1959, John B. Tennelly, Bureau Of Catholic Indian Missions

Montana

The Bureau of Catholic Indian Missions (BCIM) was created in 1874 as the Office of the Commissioner for Catholic Indian Missions to protect, promote, and administer the Native American mission interests of the Catholic Church in the United States. Records in this group are organized by record group and then state or territory and year. Collection organization varies very little throughout the collection, however, prior to 1921, general correspondence was organized by location. Starting with Director Hughes, general correspondence was placed as its own subgroup within the collection and is organized alphabetically. Please go to Ask An Archivist if you …


Montana, Fort Peck Reservation, Immaculate Conception Mission School, 1959, John B. Tennelly, Bureau Of Catholic Indian Missions Jan 1959

Montana, Fort Peck Reservation, Immaculate Conception Mission School, 1959, John B. Tennelly, Bureau Of Catholic Indian Missions

Montana

The Bureau of Catholic Indian Missions (BCIM) was created in 1874 as the Office of the Commissioner for Catholic Indian Missions to protect, promote, and administer the Native American mission interests of the Catholic Church in the United States. Records in this group are organized by record group and then state or territory and year. Collection organization varies very little throughout the collection, however, prior to 1921, general correspondence was organized by location. Starting with Director Hughes, general correspondence was placed as its own subgroup within the collection and is organized alphabetically. Please go to Ask An Archivist if you …


Montana, Crow Reservation, St. Xavier's And St. Charles Schools, 1959, John B. Tennelly, Bureau Of Catholic Indian Missions Jan 1959

Montana, Crow Reservation, St. Xavier's And St. Charles Schools, 1959, John B. Tennelly, Bureau Of Catholic Indian Missions

Montana

The Bureau of Catholic Indian Missions (BCIM) was created in 1874 as the Office of the Commissioner for Catholic Indian Missions to protect, promote, and administer the Native American mission interests of the Catholic Church in the United States. Records in this group are organized by record group and then state or territory and year. Collection organization varies very little throughout the collection, however, prior to 1921, general correspondence was organized by location. Starting with Director Hughes, general correspondence was placed as its own subgroup within the collection and is organized alphabetically. Please go to Ask An Archivist if you …


Montana, Flathead Reservation, St. Ignatius Mission School, 1958, John B. Tennelly, Bureau Of Catholic Indian Missions Jan 1958

Montana, Flathead Reservation, St. Ignatius Mission School, 1958, John B. Tennelly, Bureau Of Catholic Indian Missions

Montana

The Bureau of Catholic Indian Missions (BCIM) was created in 1874 as the Office of the Commissioner for Catholic Indian Missions to protect, promote, and administer the Native American mission interests of the Catholic Church in the United States. Records in this group are organized by record group and then state or territory and year. Collection organization varies very little throughout the collection, however, prior to 1921, general correspondence was organized by location. Starting with Director Hughes, general correspondence was placed as its own subgroup within the collection and is organized alphabetically. Please go to Ask An Archivist if you …