African History Commons^™

Fraternity, Martyrdom And Peace In Burundi: The Forty Servants Of God Of Buta, Jodi Mikalachki

Journal of Global Catholicism

During Burundi's 1993-2005 civil war, students at Buta Minor Seminary were ordered at gunpoint to separate by ethnicity—Hutus over here, Tutsis over there! They chose instead to join hands and affirm their common identity as children of God. The forty students killed were quickly proclaimed martyrs of fraternity. Their costly solidarity defused the cry for reprisals and continues to inspire Burundians and others on the path of reconciliation. Drawing on fifty interviews with survivors, parents of martyrs, neighbors, religious leaders and other Burundian intellectuals, this essay examines how Burundian Catholics understand the significance of the Buta martyrdom to their …

Amjambo Africa! (December 2021), Kathreen Harrison

Amjambo Africa!

In this Issue

Film: .......................................2/3

Le Intersection/Le Carrefour Zamzam Elmoge Black Owned Maine/Amjambo Holiday Gift Guide. ...........4/5

Editorial......................................6

Healthcare in Chad ...................8

French • Kinyarwanda Portuguese • Somali • Spanish Swahili

Poetry: My version of the American dream ......................13

Hermenegildo Paulo and Mathilde Micomyiza...............14

Diversity Calendar project.....16

Finance/All about cars............18

Columns. ............................18/19

Preble Street • MIRC • ILAP Maine Equal Justice • IntWork

5 New Mainers celebrate holidays...............................20-29

French • Kinyarwanda Portuguese • Somali • Spanish Swahili

Community Health Workers/CHOWs....................28

New Voices...............................29

Rupal Ramesh Shah • Roseline Souebele

Humanitarian crisis in Maine.31

Amjambo Africa! (November 2021), Kathreen Harrison

Amjambo Africa!

In this Issue

Afghanistan................................2

Anti-racism. ...............................3

Wabanaki Alliance. ...................5

Allan Monga. .............................6

Translations .......9-13, 30/31, 33

French • Kinyarwanda

Portuguese • Somali

Spanish • Swahili

Africa/COVID.........................13

Banyamulenge....................13/14

Burundi/UN. ...........................14

Tigray........................................14

Rebels........................................14

Market Basket..........................15

Azerbaijani women.................18

Health & Wellness. ............20-29

Diabetes | COVID In English & translation

Columns .......................19, 32/33

Maine Equal Justice

ILAP – IntWork

Let’s Talk • Beautiful Blackbird

New Voices ..................34/35/37

Dr. Abdullahi Ahmed

Rupal Ramesh Shah

Nsiona Nguizani

Coco McCracken

Gashi

Kifah Abdulla

Financial Literacy. ...................36

Tips & Info ...39

Amjambo Africa! (October 2021), Kathreen Harrison

Amjambo Africa!

In this Issue

Afghanistan................................2

Refugees......................................3

Freedom & Captivity...........3/39

Election special. .....................4-7

Editorial/Xenophobia ...............8

Translations...............9-13/30-31

News from Burundi ................14

Fishermen feeding Mainers...15

Beautiful Blackbird Festival ...17

Hope Acts.................................17

Education............................18/19

Dr. Abdullahi Ahmed

Valerie Laure Bilogue

Bez Mendelsohn

Health&Wellness ...............20-28

Substance abuse & addiction Covid and Delta In English & translation

New Voices columns ...16/34/35

Rupal Ramesh Shah (16),

Roseline Souebele

Nsiona Nguizani

Coco McCracken

Shay Stewart-Bouley

Zabrina Richards

Columns ............................29/32

Maine Equal Justice ILAP• MIRC

Business Insurance

Financial literacy... ............33

ProsperityME ....................36/37

Landmine Removal In Post-Conflict Rwanda: The Connection Between Demining, Reconstruction, And Reconciliation, Riley Hinklin

Independent Study Project (ISP) Collection

Landmine contamination negatively impacts the health, safety, and economic potential of the affected community. As such, removal of landmines, or demining, is an essential part of post-conflict recovery. Tied to this idea, is the idea of mine action, which goes beyond just demining to include other measures such as education and assistance to help the communities impacted by mines. This study looks at the application of the principles of mine action in Rwanda, a country which saw landmines used during the civil war and 1994 Genocide Against the Tutsi. From there, the study explores possible connections between mine action and …

A Hidden Emergency: Transgenerational Inheritance In The Next Generation Of Rwandans, Neila Gross

Independent Study Project (ISP) Collection

Cases of physiological and psychological health disorders in the generation succeeding generation of the 1994 genocide are rising at an alarming pace. The presented work herein details a qualitative and quantitative approach to understanding the transmission of trauma from the surviving population of the 1994 Genocide Against Tutsi in their offspring using the APA PTSD System Scale-Interview (PSS-I). Several variables including age, gender and background were employed in this study. The results indicate that offspring born of targeted survivors of the 1994 Genocide Against Tutsi show increased trends of experiencing PTSD symptoms with children born in 1994 exhibiting the greatest …

The Modern-Day Sand War: A New Dimension Of The Morocco-Algeria Conflict Explored Through Youth, Alec Stimac

Independent Study Project (ISP) Collection

Since the 1963 Sand War, there has been a constant progression of tension between the countries of Morocco and Algeria. From physical space–the Western Sahara and border denotation–to diplomatic relations, Morocco and Algeria may never be the same after their colonization in the early 19th century. Due to the rise in extremist rhetoric, political accusations, economic instability, and social violence, the Moroccan-Algerian relationship can only get worse from here. Do these signs point to a modern-day Sand War approaching? This paper seeks to examine the existence of a modern-day Sand War and its consequences, specifically through the lens of youth …

Book Review: Fighting For Honor: The History Of African Martial Arts In The Atlantic World, Dylan B. Mcelroy

South Carolina Libraries

Dylan McElroy reviews Fighting for Honor: A History of African Martial Art Traditions in the Atlantic World, written by T. J. Desch-Obi.

Amjambo Africa! (September 2021), Kathreen Harrison

Amjambo Africa!

In this Issue

Afghanistan..........................2/39

Burundi/Cameroon.....3/34 - 35

Education . ...........................4 - 9

Publshers Editorial Afghanistan.........................10

Translations........................11-13

World Market Basket........14/15

African Weddings...................16

Beautiful Blackbird Children’s Festival.................................17

Columns...18/19/31

New!

Health&Wellness...............22-30 Covid-19 and Delta variant In English & translation

New!

New Voices.........................32/33

Columnists

Kifah Abdullah,

Rupal Ramesh Shah,

Roseline Souebele

Nsiona Nguizani

Gashi

In honor of National Hispanic Heritage Month!......................39

Maine organizations serving Spanish speakers...

Spanish coming in October!

Amjambo Africa! (August 2021), Kathreen Harrison

Amjambo Africa!

In this Issue

Murder in Chad.....................2

Healthcare ..............................2

Attacks in Burundi................3

“I Wish My Teacher Knew...” 4

Weddings & Community ....6

Remote Theater Project......12

World Market Basket..........14

Housing in Lewiston .....16/17

Call me Coach Steph! .........18

Tips & Info. ..........................20

Zamzam Elmoge .................22

Dental care. ..........................31

Columns

Rupal Ramesh Shah. ...........13

Kirsten Cappy. .....................19

Financial literacy. ................21

Roseline Souebele................24

Nsiona Nguizani..................24

Theo (our newest columnist!).

24 MIRC ....................................25

ILAP......................................25

Northern Light. ...................26

Insurance..............................26

Maine Equal Justice ............29

Translations

French .....................................8

Swahili ....................................9

Somali. ..................................10

Kinyarwanda........................22

Portuguese............................23

Spanish coming soon!

Amjambo Africa! (July 2021), Kathreen Harrison

Amjambo Africa!

In this Issue

Juneteenth..................................2

Beautiful Blackbird Festival.....3

Publisher’s Editorial..................6

Immigration & the workforce.11

Finding freedom from Trauma Part II..................................12/19

World Market Basket .............14

Food for All Mobile Market

African beef & sauce with Eugénie Kipoy

Nouveaux Romans: reviews of recent novels by Francophone authors A partnership with Bates College .......................15/16/17

Sending money home ............20

Finance.....................................21

Columns. ......................24/25/26

Nigeria bans Twitter ...............27

Bombay Mahal ........................28

Tips&Info for Maine ..............29

ICE in Maine..................30/31

Translations

French .................................8

Swahili ................................9

Somali ...............................10

Kinyarwanda.....................22

Portuguese.........................23

Challenges Of Repatriation: Asante Artifacts At The American Museum Of Natural History, Abdul-Alim Farook

Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects

Inspired by calls for the repatriation of famous artifacts like the Benin Bronzes and the Elgin Marbles, for this capstone project, I have analyzed and catalogued 250 sampled Asante artifacts at the American Museum of Natural History (AMNH). Through this analysis, I discuss the many ways museums in North America acquired their collections. By doing so, I explore the difficulties that arise in debates surrounding repatriation due to the manner in which these artifacts were acquired. I argue that due to the many different types of donors of the Asante artifacts to the American Museum of Natural History, the Asante …

The Ill-Treatment Of Their Countrywoman: Liberated African Women, Violence, And Power In Tortola, 1807–1834, Arianna Browne

Master's Theses

In 1807, Parliament passed an Act to abolish the slave trade, leading to the Royal Navy’s campaign of policing international waters and seizing ships suspected of illegal trading. As the Royal Navy captured slave ships as prizes of war and condemned enslaved Africans to Vice-Admiralty courts, formerly enslaved Africans became “captured negroes” or “liberated Africans,” making the subjects in the British colonies. This work, which takes a microhistorical approach to investigate the everyday experiences of liberated Africans in Tortola during the early nineteenth century, focuses on the violent conditions of liberated African women, demonstrating that abolition consisted of violent contradictions …

Amjambo Africa! (May 2021), Kathreen Harrison

Amjambo Africa!

In this Issue

Chad’s president dies.........2/3

Corruption in Africa.........2/3

Maine & slave trade..............5

Vaccine pause/editorial .......6

Portland Empowered..........12

Onyx Emelo photo essay ...13

Liberation Farms photo essay.......................14

A taste of Jamaica................15

Support for AAPIcommunity........................17

Midcoast Literacy................18

Amran Osman.....................19

Minorities in Healthcare....20

Finance.................................21

Guest Columnists/community voices.....................24/25/26

Ekhlas Ahmed.....................27

Ryan Adams.........................28

Cynthia McGuirl.................28

Navigating benefits.............29

Racial justice........................31

Translations

French..................................7

Swahili.................................8

Somali..................................9

Kinyarwanda.....................22

Portuguese.........................23

Shifting Sands., Rachid Tagoulla

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Shifting Sands is a re-exploration of the presentation of North Africans in colonial postcards, an examination of identity, and a critique of the modern Western museum. Since the inception of photography, colonizers used this medium- especially in the form of postcards- to categorize and exoticize Eastern peoples in order to more easily subjugate them. Shifting Sands is a series of reconstructed colonial postcards which challenges colonial-era stereotypes of North African peoples. The colonial gaze, represented by the camera lens, is subverted through a lensless image-making process in which sand is used to remove the subject from the colonial gaze and …

Afn 121 Yoruba Tradition And Culture, Remi Alapo

Open Educational Resources

A class presentation as part of the discussion on West Africa about the instructor’s Yoruba Heritage, Research, Tradition and Culture in the AFN 121 course: History of African Civilizations on April 20, 2021.

Amjambo Africa! (April 2021), Kathreen Harrison

Amjambo Africa!

In this Issue

COVID-19 denial in Burundi and Tanzania.....................2

Cameroonian deportations..3

In Her Presence .................4/5

Health care

Vaccine Q&A

Amjambo’s 3rd birthday.......6

MEBIC..................................10

Dr. Shah on vaccine safety.11

Magufuli of Tanzania..........12

World Market Basket..........14

Farming

African donuts

Soil safety..............................15

Baking Academy.................18

Bikes for all Mainers...........19

Childcare..............................20

Finance................................21

Columns & letters..............................24/25/26/27

Bangor/DEI..........................28

Novruz Festival....................29

Gisele Mukundwa...............31

Musical diversity.................31

Translations

French..................................7

Swahili.................................8

Somali..................................9

Kinyarwanda.....................22

Portuguese.........................23

For [Redacted], Lalini Shanela Ranaraja

Vázquez-Valarezo Poetry Award

This poem was written following the attempts of a close friend and myself to create awareness for the ongoing genocide in Tigray, Ethiopia in particular, and in reaction to activism in the age of social media in general. The digital age and related phenomena, such as hashtag activism and cancel culture, has enabled certain social justice movements to gain rapid traction while other equally worthy movements struggle to find a foothold. Simultaneously, standards of accountability and ethics continue to decline among global news media, with non-Western countries such as Ethiopia and my own home country of Sri Lanka bearing the …

الأمن الروحي نموذج للتعاون جنوب جنوب بين المملكة المغربية ودول أفريقيا جنوب الصحراء, عبد الله استيتو

Dirassat

Title : Spiritual security is a model for south-south cooperation between the Kingdom of Morocco and sub-Saharan Africa

Spiritual security is one of the most defining features of the south-south cooperation between the kingdom of Morocco and sub-Saharan African countries. Many social and religious factors. This policy of South-souoth cooperation has many economic advantages for the kingdom of Morocco. It strengthens win-win partnership between the kingdom of Morooco and many sub-sahran African countries to eradicate religious extremism and guarding spiritual equilibrium in the face of the sprawling Shiite aspiration and Evangelical missionaries.

Amjambo Africa! (March 2021), Kathreen Harrison

Amjambo Africa!

In this Issue

Museveni of Uganda..........2/3

College applications andscholarships ........................4/5

Publisher’s Editorial/BetterDays Ahead? ..........................6

Translations

French ............................7/24

Swahili............................8/24

Somali ............................9/24

Kinyarwanda...............20/24

Portuguese ...................21/24

Influential Black leaders .....10

Community masks fromTracey Sesselberg.................11

World Market Basket ..........12

Fishermen feed MainersHealthy cooking with Yvonne ElingaOrganization updates .........13

Burundi Star.........................14

Messan Jordan Benissan inCamden ................................15

Photo essay/Onyx Emelo ...16

Helping kids in Angola.......17

News from Africa................18

Avoiding scams & fraud .....19

Biden proposes immigration changes .................................27

Amjambo Africa! (February 2021), Kathreen Harrison

Amjambo Africa!

In This Issue

buyoya’s legacy ............................2/3

lockdown in Tchad .....................2/3

lewiston equity Committee .......4/5

editorial ...........................................6

News from africa ..........................10

MlK Day ..................................10/15

Diversity Northern light .............11

World Market basket ...................12

basbousa with Nahla alsafarSomali cooperativesyouth programming ...............13/24

‘Temperature’ by Zoza ................14

Jalali to release new book ............15

Immigration reform ......................16

Help with tax season ....................19

Columns ...................................22/23

Pam leo .........................................26

Translations

French ...........................................7

Swahili ..........................................8

Somali ...........................................9

Kinyarwanda .............................20

Portuguese ................................21

The Nana Yaa Asantewaa War: Analysis Of The Political Institutions Of The Asante During The War Of The Golden Stool And The Existing Narratives, Angela Danso Gyane

Senior Independent Study Theses

The War of the Golden Stool was the last in the Anglo-Asante Wars, where the Asante fought against the British colonial agenda. According to the Asante oral history, Nana Yaa Asantewaa was at the forefront of this war. She was the commander, but most of the literature to not reflect this oral history. Therefore, this study seeks to address two essential questions: how did gender dynamics in the Asante Kingdom's political system shape their Resistance against the British in 1900- 01? Moreover, how does the analysis of oral histories from the matrilineal culture of the Asante decenter Western narratives of …

A Devised Ethnodrama: Conscious Voices, Sonia Pasqual

Master of Liberal Studies Theses

Using techniques of storytelling, dance, poems, and monologues in the process of re-enacting life stories, the ensemble display issues that may be impeding society’s growth—discrimination against body image, blackness, females, and LGBTQ individuals. In addition, engagement in storytelling and performance can help the audience increase their cognitive skills, empathy, and ability to live a communal life. This evidence-based practice can transform lives and society. It has the potential of continuing to other faculties and with other departments, such as film, musical, and additional narratives. This specific work could be extended out beyond art and education into populations of any communities …

Amjambo Africa! (January 2021), Kathreen Harrison

Amjambo Africa!

In This Issue

COVID and women......................2/3

Reza Jalali..........................................4

Editorial............................................6

Translations

French ............................................7

Swahili............................................8

Somali ............................................9

Kinyarwanda...............................20

Portuguese..................................21

News from Africa..........................10

Scholarship.....................................11

Year in Review..........................12/13

Celebrating Diversity....................16

Finance .............................................9

Insurance........................................22

Roseline Souebele.........................22

Rupal Shah.....................................23

Dora Mills.......................................23

Long Hungry Winter.....................24

Education Academy ................26/27

The Birth Of Exceptionalism: American Newspaper Coverage In The Revolutionary Era, Benjamin R. Smith

Theses and Dissertations

This thesis explores American exceptionalism through the lens of American newspapers during the Revolutionary era. As American newspapers covered the revolutions in France, Haiti, and Latin America, unique narratives developed around controversial leaders like Thomas Paine, Toussaint Louverture, and Simón Bolívar. Although at first newspapers covered the events in France and Latin America with glee, their coverage gradually began to change over time, increasingly finding flaws large and small in revolutions other than their own—chaos and violence in France and Haiti, and failures in the realization of republicanism in Latin America. If Americans initially believed their revolution was responsible for …