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2015

History of Science, Technology, and Medicine

Selected Works

Articles 1 - 8 of 8

Full-Text Articles in History

Scholarly Communication Institutions: Transforming Scholarship With History, Shawn Martin Oct 2015

Scholarly Communication Institutions: Transforming Scholarship With History, Shawn Martin

Shawn Martin

The current scholarly communication system has developed over centuries; yet, more recently it has been breaking down.  Different disciplines have diagnosed this as an economic breakdown between libraries and publishers, a social failure among academics, and as a technological disruption.  Of course, all of these answers are true to some degree.  By combining approaches from information science and history, it may be possible to understand scholarly communication system more clearly.  Historians such as Steven Shapin in A Social History of Truth (1994) have suggested that academic dialogue rests on “trust.”  As the number of people participating became larger, that trust …

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Compte Rendu De _Worlds Without End_, Thibault Meyer Sep 2015

Compte Rendu De _Worlds Without End_, Thibault Meyer

Mary-Jane Rubenstein

No abstract provided.

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International Activity And Domestic Law, Adam I. Muchmore Aug 2015

International Activity And Domestic Law, Adam I. Muchmore

Adam I. Muchmore

This essay explores the ways States use their domestic laws to regulate activities that cross national borders. Domestic-law enforcement decisions play an underappreciated role in the development of international regulatory policy, particularly in situations where the enforcing State's power to apply its law extraterritorially is not contested. Collective action problems suggest there will be an undersupply of enforcement decisions that promote global welfare and an oversupply of enforcement decisions that promote national welfare. These collective action problems may be mitigated in part by government networks and other forms of regulatory cooperation.

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“Kabbalistic Pharmacopeia: Wellbeing In The Atlantic Jewish World”, Aviva Ben-Ur May 2015

“Kabbalistic Pharmacopeia: Wellbeing In The Atlantic Jewish World”, Aviva Ben-Ur

Aviva Ben-Ur

This article describes and analyzes a rare manuscript bearing the lead title Ta‘alumot Hokhmah and purchased at auction in 2013. The document was composed by many hands and in many lands, largely in Portuguese and Dutch, with significant portions in French and Italian, and a smattering of Spanish, English, German, and Yiddish. Most manifestly, it is a receipt book, a compendium of medical, culinary, and housekeeping recipes, sometimes mingled with kabbalistic directives; it also incorporates memoirs and biographical annotations. The multiple layers of text collectively represent the transmission of knowledge within a single family and mark the major transitions that …

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Story Of Metals, Fathi Habashi May 2015

Story Of Metals, Fathi Habashi

Fathi Habashi

Metals are not arranged according the Periodic Table or alphabetically but are arranged according to their discovery. There are two introductory chapters on metals and their history: Part 1. Metals Part 2. History of Metals and Metallurgy Part 3. Ancient Metals Part 4. Metalloids of the Alchemists Part 5. Metals from South America Part 6. Metals from the East Part 7. Eighteenth Century Metals Part 8. Metals of the Nineteenth Century Part 9. Twenty century metals The book is illustrated by many Figures mostly in color, biographies of many chemists and metallurgists, and many flowsheets of processes.

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Building The Modern World: Morrison-Knudsen Construction Company, James David Duran May 2015

Building The Modern World: Morrison-Knudsen Construction Company, James David Duran

Jim D. Duran

After working on construction projects in Boise, Idaho, Morris Hans Knudsen and Harry Morrison combined their resources and skills to form Morrison-Knudsen Company (M-K) in 1912. The two of them built a world-class construction and engineering company that, at one time, was the industry leader in their field. Their success relied upon fast, cost-effective, construction and an uncanny ability to match their company’s mission to the goals of U.S. foreign and domestic policy. When Harry Morrison moved to the position of president in 1939, he took M-K international by presenting his company as the deliverer of modernization to the developing …

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From Aristotle’S Teleology To Darwin’S Genealogy: The Stamp Of Inutility, Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan, 2015 (Pdf: Introduction)., Marco Solinas Apr 2015

From Aristotle’S Teleology To Darwin’S Genealogy: The Stamp Of Inutility, Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan, 2015 (Pdf: Introduction)., Marco Solinas

Marco Solinas

Starting with Aristotle and moving on to Darwin, Marco Solinas outlines the basic steps from the birth, establishment and later rebirth of the traditional view of living beings, and its overturning by evolutionary revolution. The classic framework devised by Aristotle was still dominant in the 17th Century world of Galileo, Harvey and Ray, and remained hegemonic until the time of Lamarck and Cuvier in the 19th Century. Darwin's breakthrough thus takes on the dimensions of an abandonment of the traditional finalistic theory. It was a transition exemplified in the morphological analysis of useless parts, such as the sightless eyes of …

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Transcribing And Digitizing Eighteenth And Nineteenth Century Letters For A Historical Digital Repository, Emily Dunster, Ms, Daniel G. Kipnis, Msi, F. Michael Angelo, Ma Jan 2015

Transcribing And Digitizing Eighteenth And Nineteenth Century Letters For A Historical Digital Repository, Emily Dunster, Ms, Daniel G. Kipnis, Msi, F. Michael Angelo, Ma

Daniel G. Kipnis

In the fall of 2011 the Scott Memorial Library purchased 53 letters belonging to an 1841 graduate of Jefferson Medical College, John Plimpton Green. The library staff transcribed and digitized the letters creating an online collection in the University institutional repository, Jefferson Digital Commons. This article will detail the process of transcribing and digitizing the collection along with sharing statistics and benefits of this project to global researchers.

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