History Commons^™

Foucauldian Biopolitics And Nation Making In General Juan Velasco’S Peru, 1968-1975, Hayley M. Serpa

FIU Undergraduate Research Journal

This brief academic article examines the military government of General Juan Velasco Alvarado in Peru from 1968 through 1975 via the lens of Michel Foucauld’s foundational concepts of biopolitics and biopower. It analyzes a variety of primary and secondary sources, including legal documents from Velasco’s government, state propaganda posters, economic appendixes, historiographical analyses from the time, and other important documents. By examining this varied set of documents, we are able to get a better understanding of how biopower was utilized by Velasco’s government, as best seen through the discourse they maintained, to legitimize their undemocratic hold on power. This comprehensive …

The Final Straw: The Battle For Puerto Rico, Samantha N. Marrero

Theses

The Common Wealth of Puerto Rico has undergone tremendous amounts of oppression. The capstone will evaluate the policies imposed on the commonwealth by the United States, and the actions revolutionaries or independentistas took to have a liberated Puerto Rico

The Jewish “Other” In Argentina: Antisemitism, Exclusion, And The Formation Of Argentine Nationalism And Identity In The 20th Century And During Military Rule (1976-1983), Marcus Helble

Honors Projects

Throughout the 20th century, Argentine leaders and social actors attempted to shape distinct national identities and a sense of nationalism that corresponded to their respective political ideologies. Beginning in the first couple decades of the 20th century, the formation of a Jewish “other” would be central to the construction of both Argentine national identity and nationalism. This thesis argues that the military dictatorship that led the country from 1976 to 1983 built on this othering of the Jewish community as military leaders sought to forge a national identity linked to Catholicism. It focuses first on three separate periods of the …

Saving The Vicuña: The Political, Biophysical, And Cultural History Of Wild Animal Conservation In Peru, 1964–2000, Emily Wakild

History Faculty Publications and Presentations

This article examines national efforts to protect wildlife in the twentieth century. Its focus is the vicuña, a small llama-like species native to the Andes, which nearly went extinct due to the high economic value of its wool. Instead, the Peruvian national government—despite significant regime shifts—intervened to put in place and then perpetuate a series of conservation measures, including trade restrictions and a territorial reserve, that protected the population and allowed it to rebound. Using a combination of cultural, economic, political, and biological methods to understand the animals and people concerned about them, this article argues that conservation reoriented relationships …

Claiming The Remains Of The Past: The Return Of Cultural Heritage Objects To Colombia, Mexico, And Peru, Pierre Losson

Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects

My research explores the reasons why three Latin American states (Colombia, Mexico, and Peru) claim the return of cultural heritage objects from holding institutions in the Western World, such as museums and universities. The literature on returns and restitutions, which focuses on questions of ownership and possession of objects, opposes two conceptions of cultural heritage: on the one hand, the internationalists argue that the location of a cultural object must be decided according to the interests of science and education, for the benefit and in the name of humankind; on the other hand, the nationalists consider that cultural heritage is …

Us And The Cold War In Latin America, Thomas Field

Publications

The Cold War in Latin America had marked consequences for the region’s political and economic evolution. From the origins of US fears of Latin American Communism in the early 20th century to the collapse of the Soviet Union in the early 1990s, regional actors played central roles in the drama. Seeking to maximize economic benefit while maintaining independence with regard to foreign policy, Latin Americans employed an eclectic combination of liberal and anti-imperialist discourses, balancing frequent calls for anti-Communist hemispheric unity with periodic diplomatic entreaties to the Soviet bloc and the nonaligned Third World. Meanwhile, US Cold War policies toward …

Los Chinos De La Chinesca: Destabilizing National Narratives And Uncovering The Forgotten History Of The Chinese In Mexico, Mya Hansel Gelber

Senior Projects Spring 2018

Senior Project submitted to The Division of Social Studies of Bard College.

Creating The Ideal Mexican: 20th And 21st Century Racial And National Identity Discourses In Oaxaca, Savannah N. Carroll

Doctoral Dissertations

This investigation intends to uncover past and contemporary socioeconomic significance of being a racial other in Oaxaca, Mexico and its relevance in shaping Mexican national identity. The project has two purposes: first, to analyze activities and observations of cultural missionaries in Oaxaca during the 1920s and 1930s, and second to relate these findings to historical and present implications of blackness in an Afro-Mexican community. Cultural missionaries were appointed by the Secretary of Public Education (SEP) to create schools throughout Mexico, focusing on the modernization of marginalized communities through formal and social education. This initiative was intended to resolve socioeconomic disparities …

Nationalism And The Public Sphere: Tracing The Development Of Nineteenth-Century Latin American Identities, Lisa Ponce

Masters Theses 1911 - February 2014

Through the combined usage of primary source documents and secondary source research, this thesis seeks to discern how the individual national identities of Argentina and Mexico came to fruition. This thesis will demonstrate that the early national period of each region was directly influenced by the colonial context out of which Argentina and Mexico arose. Additionally, this thesis is focused on the ways that a national identity is developed within the public sphere, and how the public sphere might be defined beyond printed newspaper accounts.

Nationalism And Its Expression In Cuba’S Art Music: The Use Of Folklore In Mario Abril’S “Fantasia (Introduction And Pachanga)” For Clarinet And Piano, Nikolasa Tejero

University of Kentucky Doctoral Dissertations

In the centuries since the colonization of the New World, the people of Cuba created a strong musical tradition. Initially, their music mirrored the European composition canons of structural, melodic and harmonic order. The eventual confluence of its distinct cultural elements (i.e. the European, African, and, to a lesser extent, Amerindian) led to the emergence of a new, distinctly Cuban musical tradition.

The wars for independence that began in the United States and Europe in the eighteenth century created a surge towards political and cultural autonomy that swept across the Latin American colonies, generating a wave of nationalism during the …

El Regimen De Stroessner (1954-1989), Robert Andrew Nickson

Robert Andrew Nickson

Este capítulo describe las tres etapas principales del régimen de Stroessner: fase de consolidación (1954-1967); fase de expansión (1968-1981); y fase de descomposición (1982-1989), y las circunstancias de su caída. Posteriormente abarca los tres pilares del régimen: el Partido Colorado, las Fuerzas Armadas y el mismo Stroessner en su calidad de Jefe de Estado, Comandante en Jefe de las Fuerzas Armadas y Presidente Honorario del Partido Colorado. Se analiza cinco mecanismos cruciales que le permitieron mantenerse en el poder durante tanto tiempo: una fachada democrática, un sistema de represión eficaz, la corrupción institucionalizada, el uso de la ideología nacionalista, y …

After Spanish Rule: Book Review, Charlotte M. Gradie

History Faculty Publications

Book review by Charlotte Gradie.

Thurner, Mark and Andrés Guerrero, eds. After Spanish Rule: Postcolonial Predicaments of the Americas. Durham: Duke University Press, 2003.

Arnulfo Árias: A Study In Nationalism, Charles A. Moya

Latin American Studies ETDs

This paper is an endeavor to present a just and impartial narration of the events as well as the interpretation of the facts that in some way conditioned the colorful political career of one of the most controversial and dynamic nationalists of contemporary Latin America.

Arnulfo Árias is a relatively young man, and while presently barred from holding public office, his many followers are confident that his exoneration and political rehabilitation are only a matter of time. If and when his civil rights are restored, it is quite possible that his political tactics will have shown some basic modifications. The …

Nationalism: A Search For Unity, The Role Of The Mexican Government In Sponsoring Contemporary Fine Arts, Katharine Ferris Nutt

History ETDs

The following discussion is in part the history of nationalism in the fine arts of Mexico, as a spontaneous expression and as one artificially stimulated. Of equal concern, however, are the State's endeavors to channel nationalism by controlling the bellas artes through subsidy, decree, and law, and finally by the creation of a national institute or theater. The writer has endeavored to reveal both the advantageous and disadvantageous aspects of the government's control and to render some idea as to the extent to which cultural nationalism may forge permanent unity among the Mexicans.

Carlos Chávez: Exponent Of Nationalism, Katharine Ferris Nutt

History ETDs

The purpose of this thesis is to present an account of the endeavors of Carlos Chávez to reveal Mexican nationalism through music. The study begins with a brief survey of Mexico's history with emphasis upon the presence of caciquismo and caudillismo. Politically, Mexican nationalism is a blend of the dynastic nationalism of sixteenth century Spain and the popular nationalism of the late eighteenth century. Ethnologically, Mexican Nationalism includes elements of Spanish, Indian, and mestizo culture. During the century following Independence as well as during Spanish domination the art and music of both Indians and mestizos were thrust aside in favour …

The Effects Of The War On Our Latin-American Relations (Part Ii), Francis Mairs Huntington-Wilson

World War I Era Documents, 1914-1918

Part II of a draft article entitled, "The Effects of the War on our Latin-American Relations". Huntington-Wilson continues discussing what he believes should be the route the United States follows in terms of nationalism and making sure the US stays a dominating force on the world stage.

America And The War, August 1914, Francis Mairs Huntington-Wilson

World War I Era Documents, 1914-1918

A typed draft of an essay entitled "America and the War". Written a few months after the official start of World War I, Huntington-Wilson lays out his opinions on how America should proceed. The essay is divided into three parts: Patriotic duty, diplomatic questions and America's attitude and interests.