Arts and Humanities Commons^™

Private Lorraine J. Turnbull, Alyse Beauchemin, Hailey Hammick

Selected Student Research from 2019

Pvt. Lorraine Turnbull was one of the thousands of American women to enlist in the Marine Corps Women's Reserve (MCWR) during the Second World War. Turnbull was one of the 500 women Marines selected out of a pool of 8,000 Women Reservists serving in the field of aviation for duty in Hawaii. Using hundreds of the letters written by Turnbull during her war experience, one is able to piece together the true impact of the war upon WWII military women. Using select letters written by Turnbull, this research project focuses on the elements of sexism women experienced in the MCWR, …

U.S. Presidential Leadership And Crisis Rhetoric, Robert Mccabe

Honors Projects in History and Social Sciences

My capstone project seeks to determine what are U.S. presidents attempting to accomplish in (or with) their speeches? This matters because presidential responses to crises can reflect how a president’s leadership abilities are perceived by the people he serves. This perception plays a large role in determining how much political strength the president has to accomplish his agenda. I address this research question by analyzing four different speeches: President Kennedy’s Address to the American Society of Newspaper Editors on the Bay of Pigs, President Kennedy’s Address on the Cuban Missile Crisis, President Bush’s National Cathedral Speech after the September 11th …

Nathaniel Mowry Cemetery Transcriptions And Condition Reports, Cara Callahan, Casey Marak

Nathaniel Mowry Lot

This cemetery contains 9 burials. Transcriptions here include all of the markings on each stone located within the cemetery. Additionally, if stones were illegible a rubbing of the stone was completed. Both headstones and footstones are included in the transcription report.

An Historical Analysis Of The Role Of Accounting For The Japanese Internment Camps During World War Ii, Midori Knowles

Honors Projects in Accounting

On December 7th, 1941, the United States was the victim of a tragic attack on a naval base in Pearl Harbor, Hawaii. This resulted in the United States’ entry into World War II, including the declaration of war against the country of Japan. On February 19th, 1942, just two months after the attacks, President Franklin D. Roosevelt signed Executive Order 9066, which permitted the War Relocation Authority (WRA) to relocate over 110,000 Japanese- American citizens. The forced relocation sent these Japanese-Americans to ten relocation centers spread throughout the west and mid-west of the country. The government declared that this relocation …

The Status Of Women In America : Addresses At The Bryant College Academic Symposium And Convocation

Historical Documents of Bryant University (1863-present)

No abstract provided.

Letter Written By William Judson Clark To Mrs. Ruth S. Clark Dated January 17, 1946, William Judson Clark

Clark, Dorothy Audrey Six and William Judson

[Transcription begins]:

Wednesday, 0900

Dear Mom,

Well here I am a Papa! Dottie is doing fine, and so is Leslie. Gosh she’s so cute, she looks just like me. Dottie started to have small labor pains Saturday morning, But they were very mild. About ten o’clock Saturday night they started getting worse so I called Doctor Feulner and he said to take her to the hospital. We walked over, it’s only about half a block. As soon as we got her to bed the pains really began to come, and by one o’clock she was in hard labor. They sent …

Letter Written By William Judson Clark To Mrs. Ruth S. Clark Dated January 9, 1946, William Judson Clark

Clark, Dorothy Audrey Six and William Judson

[Transcription begins]:

Monday, 1300

Dear Mom,

It sure was swell to hear your voice New Year’s Eve honey, I hadn’t realized how long it had been. We didn’t do anything that night we were so beat. I want to thank you all at home for the swell Christmas you gave Dottie and I. Give my thanks to everyone for their lovely gifts.

The weather here has been pitiful. It’s been raining like hell down here for a long time, the Alabama River is about to flood. (Selma is right on the River). There’s no danger however as we are now …

Letter Written By Dorothy A. Six Clark To Mrs. Ruth S. Clark Dated January 7, 1946, Dorothy A. Six Clark

Clark, Dorothy Audrey Six and William Judson

[Transcription begins]:

525 Lamar Avenue

Selma, Alabama

Monday

Dear Mom,

At long last we’re all settled. Been trying to write every day but somehow couldn’t get around to it.

It was really wonderful to hear your voice on the phone New Year’s Eve. Golly, it’s been such a long time since we talked with you. We were both so sorry to hear that you were all alone—

Remember we mentioned going to the movin’ pitchers. That’s as close as we got. We were both so tired from moving we just waited for 12 o’clock & after a weak “Happy New …

Letter Written By Dorothy A. Six Clark To Mrs. Ruth S. Clark Dated December 28, 1945, Dorothy A. Six Clark

Clark, Dorothy Audrey Six and William Judson

[Transcription begins]:

Moss Haven

Selma, Alabama

Friday

Dear Mom,

Merry Christmas! What did you do? Doesn’t seem possible a year ago that we were in Brooklyn. Time sure flies. Remember how we went for the day & stayed & stayed & stayed? We thought of all the fun we had & kept wishing all day that you could have been down here or we up there.

You should see our little tree. We couldn’t get many ornaments & used painted walnuts. What a mess it was. We managed to get paint all over the wall & everything. Then we died …

Letter Written By William Judson Clark To Mrs. Ruth S. Clark Dated December 18, 1945, William Judson Clark

Clark, Dorothy Audrey Six and William Judson

[Transcription begins]:

Monday

1330

Dear Mom,

Well here it is almost Christmas, I can hardly believe it! Gosh remember last Christmas, that doesn’t seem a year ago does it.

I’m sorry I’ve been so lousey [sic] about writing honey but with the Christmas rush and History, etc. both of us have been pretty busy.

I’m at work right now in the first free period I’ve had in several days. The weather has been bad down here and consequently everyone flies the link then. I’m getting to like it more everyday. It’s fun teaching this stuff.

We got a …

Letter Written By William Judson Clark To Mrs. Ruth S. Clark Dated November 6, 1945, William Judson Clark

Clark, Dorothy Audrey Six and William Judson

[Transcription begins]:

Sunday

2130

Dear Mom,

Gosh honey, I’m so sorry that I’ve been so lousey [sic] about writing, but I’m trying to get this History finished as soon as possible, I won’t be able to take the course if I’m discharged.

How is everyone at home? How are you, my angel? Those “Grapes” ain’t bothering you anymore are they? How’s Ace doing in his new civilian life? Gosh, I envy him. Oh, before I forget, could you ask him if he’s going to use his shortcoat anymore? I could use one and I’ll buy his if he …

Letter Written By Edith Speert To Victor A. Speert Dated August 8, 1945, Edith Speert

Speert, Edith and Victor A.

[Translation begins]

Wednesday – 6:45 p.m.

8/8/45 – In bed-

Sweetheart darling-

Gee, I’m awfully tired tonight, but also, very, very happy, because today I rec’d your air mail dated 8/3. Isn’t that terrific time? Also, I rec’d your v-mail 7/30 + 8/1 + two “full” letters. I heard from Cpl. Fred L. today - - he just got his new stripe!! I rec’d mail from Harold + Alma who are now in Quincy, Mass. Harold is going to school at Hingham- only 6 mo. from where they live. They are sharing an apt with another couple.

Everyone thought the …

Letter Written By Lorraine Turnbull To John Turnbull Dated June 6, 1945, Lorraine Turnbull

Turnbull, Lorraine

[Envelope:]

Pfc L. J. Turnbull MCWR

WRS 14 MCAS Navy 61

c/o F. P. O. S.F., Calif.

John Turnbull

Rockdale,

Wisconsin

[Transcription begins]

6 June 45

Dear Johnny & Mom,

How was your trip to Minneapolis? I’ll bet Jeanne showed you a grand time. This noon I got your letter, Mom, written at the Curtis. Write & tell me all about it. Did Jean decide to finish school?

Be sure to tell me about that newsreel Wardie was supposed to be seen in. I can’t help but think about it all day long. I think it very stupid of Jean …

Letter Written By William Judson Clark To Mrs. Ruth S. Clark Dated April 6, 1945, William Judson Clark

Clark, Dorothy Audrey Six and William Judson

[Transcription begins]:

ARMY AIR FORCES

Thursday

1930

Dear Mom,

Well here I am back in the wilds! And am I P.O.’d. They told me at Craig that I had to report here today so I climb in a plane this morning a[nd] fly down, and somebody took the plane back. Then I found out that there was a mistake. I didn’t have to be here until tomorrow. I could have had the whole day with Dottie, too. Boy am I discusted [sic].

I guess I leave for Texas Saturday. There are two other fellows and two instructors going …

Letter Written By Mrs. Ruth S. Clark To William Judson Clark Dated April 5, 1945, Ruth S. Clark

Clark, Dorothy Audrey Six and William Judson

[Transcription begins]:

Tuesday night

Dearest Judd and Dottie:

I have certainly enjoyed your sweet letters and most interesting. Always tell me in detail what you are doing as I love to hear.

It was wonderful talking to you and Dottie Easter Sunday, just like talking to the “angels” you were dear to think of me and I appreciate it very much, could have talked for hours.

Dot was so pleased to have you call her too. Congratulations on your fine score in aerial gunnery, I am very proud of you. Let me know when you go to Texas—you will enjoy …

Letter Written By Dorothy E. Weidler To Dorothy A. Six Clark Dated April 3, 1945, Dorothy E. Weidler

Clark, Dorothy Audrey Six and William Judson

[Transcription begins]:

FENNELLY, LOWENSTEIN, ENGELHARD & PITCHER

25 BROAD STREET, NEW YORK 4

Dearest Kids—

The small cards are wedding present ones. The single card was in a box containing crystal ash trays and a darling bowl and ladles to be used as a condiment set—you know, mustard & mayonnaise, etc. the two cards were in a joint gift of a crystal bowl—taller than the other—I presume a table vase. Be sure you acknowledge them as soon as possible, also attend to the hospitalization at once.

All my love and take good care of you both for all of us. …

Letter Written By Mrs. Dorothy E. Weidler To Dorothy A. Six Clark Dated March 26, 1945, Dorothy E. Weidler

Clark, Dorothy Audrey Six and William Judson

[Transcription begins]:

March 26, 1945

Dearest Babies—

Hi!, Rex sends love, Paw sends love, Grandmaw sends love and me, too. I mean, no one sends me except you two. It was thrilling to hear your voice on the telephone. Scurried around like the Easter bunny—(please give a big kiss to Mr. O’Leery from his grandmother)—and telephoned everyone except the Pope and King George and Hirohito to let them know about it.

Everyone is looking forward to your leaves (being man and wife I feel sure that that is proper) and I guess all of Pelham and New Rochelle will welcome …

Letter Written By Mrs. Ruth S. Clark To William Judson Clark Dated March 22, 1945, Ruth S. Clark

Clark, Dorothy Audrey Six and William Judson

[Transcription begins]:

March the 22^nd

My dear sweet kids:

I was so happy to receive your letters yesterday, was beginning to wonder where my wandering children were. I was surprised to hear that you Judd, were in Florida, what a hole that must be from your description. It is too bad you have to be separated but nothing can be done about it, I hope the time will go swiftly by and you will not be too lonely without your Judd, Dottie.

Am glad you have a room and that you like Selma. You have nothing on us when …

Letter Written By Mr. Harry W. Six To Dorothy A. Six Dated March 20, 1945, Harry W. Six

Clark, Dorothy Audrey Six and William Judson

[Transcription begins]:

Mar. 20, 1945

Dear Dorothy & Judson,

Received your letter yesterday and I am sorry that you had trouble in getting a room in the hotel. Use your charm the next time it may help.

I am glad that you are so happy and I know you will continue to be so if you both meet each other half way with every thing that you do.

We had a very nice trip, just one big party from Atlanta to N. Y. All we did was eat & drink with very little sleep. We had just as much fun …

Letter Written By William Judson Clark To Mrs. Ruth S. Clark Dated February 26, 1945, William Judson Clark

Clark, Dorothy Audrey Six and William Judson

[Transcription begins]:

ARMY AIR FORCES

Sunday

1400

Dear Mom,

Well it won’t be long now honey, two more weeks. I’ve got 64 hours now; flew 3 ½ today, formation and instruments.

Thanks ever so much for the check honey. It sure helped.

I got the wedding rings last night. They’re being sized now, they’ll be ready a week from tomorrow. Boy I’m glad that’s settled, I was afraid I wouldn’t be able to get them in time. I got plain bands, nothing fancy, but they’re not the usual type. They’re not round, sort of square with a grooved ridge along …

Letter Written By William Judson Clark To Mrs. Ruth S. Clark Dated February 23, 1945, William Judson Clark

Clark, Dorothy Audrey Six and William Judson

[Transcription begins]:

UNITED STATES

ARMY AIR FORCES

Thursday

1830

Dear Mom,

What weather! It’s been lousey [sic] all week. I haven’t flown since Monday. It sure gets on your nerves when you don’t fly.

Well, all we’ve been doing all week is going to ground school or shooting skeet. That’s a lot of fun, we have to take it to develop our eye to allow for a moving target which requires lead. I’m getting pretty good too! I broke 20 out of 24 today, in the rain, no less. We all got soppin’ wet. But we had to …

Letter Written By William Judson Clark To Mrs. Ruth S. Clark Dated February 20, 1945, William Judson Clark

Clark, Dorothy Audrey Six and William Judson

[Transcription begins]:

UNITED STATES

ARMY AIR FORCES

Monday

1900

Dear Mom,

It was so swell to talk to you Saturday honey. You sounded wonderful.

Well I’ve got 56 hours now, only 14 more to go, but they’ll be the toughest, most instruments and they are really rough around here. We’re allowed a variation of 3° in heading and 10 feet in altitude. Anything over that is failing.

I’m so sorry to hear about Ken. I’m glad he’s better though.

That sounds like a swell set up Nan & Joe have. I envy them, it must be swell to have a …

Letter Written By William Judson Clark To Mrs. Ruth S. Clark Dated February 16, 1945, William Judson Clark

Clark, Dorothy Audrey Six and William Judson

No abstract provided.

Letter Written By William Judson Clark To Mrs. Ruth S. Clark Dated February 13, 1945, William Judson Clark

Clark, Dorothy Audrey Six and William Judson

[Transcription begins]:

UNITED STATES

ARMY AIR FORCES

Monday

1230

Dear Mom,

I’m SO sorry I haven’t written you this week honey, but it’s been a mad one.

I flew Thursday night until 2:30 in the morning and I’ve got to fly again tonight for fifteen minutes to finish up my night transition to clear me for night cross countries, which I’ll start Wednsday [sic] night.

I went over and got some of my clothes today. They’re really sharp. I’ve cut down on what I’m getting to save money. I’m only going to get about $190 worth. That will …

Letter Written By Joan Lapalme To Marjorie Lapalme Dated February 8, 1945, Joan Lapalme

LaPalme, Marjorie

[Transcription begins]

Feb. 8, 1945

Dear Sis.

Mom got you[r] three letters. [S]he got 2 yesterday and one today. In my other letter I told you that my dog Ginger[,] she is a brown dog and she had pups. [S]he had 3 black ones and one white one. [M]om said that I could have the white one. [I]t is so fat so I named it Butterball[,] that’s what Norm used to call [M]om, remember[?] I do, don’t you?

Isn’t it funny that Ginger didn’t have any brown pup[s] like [indecipherable]. Did you just heard [sic] about …

Letter Written By William Judson Clark To Mrs. Ruth S. Clark Dated February 6, 1945, William Judson Clark

Clark, Dorothy Audrey Six and William Judson

[Transcription begins]:

U. S. ARMY AIR FORCES

Monday

1700

Dear Mom,

It’s raining like hell right now, but very hot and sultry. I’ll bet you’d like some of this heat, it must be terribly cold at home right now.

I didn’t do anything this weekend, I only had until nine o’clock Saturday night because we were supposed to fly Sunday. Went to the movies on the post, saw two stinkin’ pictures, I’ve even forgotten what they were. I went last night again though and saw Fred MacMurray and Claudette Colbert in “Practically Yours” it was quite good and very funny. …

Letter Written By Joan Lapalme To Marjorie Lapalme Dated February 5, 1945, Joan Lapalme

LaPalme, Marjorie

[Transcription begins]

Feb. 5, 45

Dear Marge

Mom rec[e]ived your letters today. [S]he was supprised [sic] as she [h]as not heard from you since a [month] now. I got a valentine for you and the rest of the kids. In your letter you said that I didn’t grow[,] well I don’t [blame] you but I think [I grew] a tweeny bit but not to[o] much. Guess what? [M]y dog had pup[p]ies about a [couple] weeks ago. [S]he had 3 black ones and one white one with a black ear and a black spot on its back. You know …

Letter Written By William Judson Clark To Mrs. Ruth S. Clark Dated February 2, 1945, William Judson Clark

Clark, Dorothy Audrey Six and William Judson

[Transcription begins]:

U. S. ARMY AIR FORCES

Thursday

1900

Dear Mom,

This has been a mad week they’ve been flying the tail off us. I’ve got 30 hours now.

This week was all cross country work. I took my low altitude X-C Teusday [sic] That was really terrific, legal buzzing! I was pulling up for cows. The next one I took was to Tallahassee & Jacksonville, and today I took a short 200 mile one to Butler, Ga.

Teusday [sic] night I was up until 12 o’clock, we had a meeting at Flight Operations asking for …

Letter Written By William Judson Clark To Mrs. Ruth S. Clark Dated January 29, 1944, William Judson Clark

Clark, Dorothy Audrey Six and William Judson

[Transcription begins]:

U. S. ARMY AIR FORCES

Sunday

2115

Dear Mom,

I’ve got a hangover honey and I love it. This weekend I went to Valdasta with my bottle of Scotch to see Steve. He’s fine and sends his best to you honey. He really thinks you’re tops, and he’s sure right.

We didn’t do much. I saw all the boys from Stewart it was a lot of fun. We got a hotel room and got a little high.

Yesterday I reserved your room honey at the Colquitte. I got two double rooms with twin beds. I figured that you …

Letter Written By Victor A. Speert To Edith Speert Dated December 31, 1944, Victor A. Speert

Speert, Edith and Victor A.

[Transcription begins]

31 December 1944

Somewhere’s [sic] in Belgium

My adorable sweetheart,

Today was a mail-less day for me but you can’t hit the jackpot all the time, I suppose. However, as long as no mail is distributed throughout the Bn I don’t mind, but when others get it and I don’t, I scream.

Today the weather warmed up a bit and sure enough we had a glimpse of snow flurries.

It seems that nearness to the front doesn’t alter military justice so I’ve got my hands full again with another court martial case—this one from another battalion.

Nothing new …