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Articles 1 - 6 of 6
Full-Text Articles in Arts and Humanities
Ensuring The Preservation Of Submerged Treasures For The Next Generation: The Protection Of Underwater Cultural Heritage In International Law, Lowell Bautista
Ensuring The Preservation Of Submerged Treasures For The Next Generation: The Protection Of Underwater Cultural Heritage In International Law, Lowell Bautista
Lowell Bautista
In a historic moment that culminated almost a decade of negotiations, the Convention on the Protection of the Underwater Cultural Heritage (UCH Convention) was adopted on 2 November 2001.2 The UCH Convention is the fourth international instrument dealing with cultural heritage adopted under the aegis of the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) and the first one specifically addressing the protection of underwater cultural heritage (UCH) in international law.3 The UCH Convention is the first universal instrument that exclusively deals with the preservation of UCH in international waters. The UCH Convention builds upon and addresses the gaps of …
The Historical Context And Legal Basis Of The Philippine Treaty Limits, Lowell Bautista
The Historical Context And Legal Basis Of The Philippine Treaty Limits, Lowell Bautista
Lowell Bautista
The Philippines, on the basis of historic right of title, claims that its territorial sea extends to the limits set forth in the colonial treaties, which define the extent of the archipelago at the time it was ceded from Spain to the U.S. in 1898. The line drawn around the archipelago marks the outer limits of the historic territorial seas of the Philippines, which will be referred to here as the Philippine Treaty Limits. The Philippine Treaty Limits are contested in international law because they evidently breach the twelve-mile breadth of the territorial sea provided for in the Law of …
Bioprospecting Or Biopiracy: Does The Trips Agreement Undermine The Interests Of Developing Countries?, Lowell Bautista
Bioprospecting Or Biopiracy: Does The Trips Agreement Undermine The Interests Of Developing Countries?, Lowell Bautista
Lowell Bautista
The Agreement on Trade Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights (TRIPS) created within the framework of the World Trade Organization (WIO) poses a contentious discord between developed and developing nations. The criticism that TRIPS is nothing more than a modern vehicle of western imperialism encapsulates the perception that the TRIPS is inimical to the interests of developing countries. The ostensible failure of the wro regime to raise the living standards of developing countries, a centerpiece putative effect of economic liberalization heralded in the Uruguay Round, miserably highlighted the fundamental social, cultural and widening economic differences between the two bipolarized camps.
The Philippine Treaty Limits And Territorial Water Claim In International Law, Lowell Bautista
The Philippine Treaty Limits And Territorial Water Claim In International Law, Lowell Bautista
Lowell Bautista
The fundamental position of the Philippines regarding the extent of its territorial and maritime boundaries is based on two contentious premises: first, that the limits of its national territory are the boundaries laid down in the 1898 Treaty of Paris which ceded the Philippines from Spain to the UnitedStates; and second, that all the waters embraced within these imaginary lines are its territorial waters. The position of the Philippine Government is contested in the international community and runs against rules in the Law of the SeaConvention, which the Philippines signed and ratified. This situation poses two fundamental unresolved issues of …
Thinking Outside The Box: The South China Sea Issue And The United Nations Convention On The Law Of The Sea (Options, Limitations And Prospects), Lowell Bautista
Thinking Outside The Box: The South China Sea Issue And The United Nations Convention On The Law Of The Sea (Options, Limitations And Prospects), Lowell Bautista
Lowell Bautista
The South China Sea issue is a geopolitical tinder box waiting to explode.2 It is clear that the primary reason for the claims is based on its strategic location and its hydrocarbon potential,3 However, this is more than a simple conflict over resources.4 The issue goes beyond the question of territorial sovereignty and natural resource jurisdiction.s This 1S more than a legalquestion of ownership.
Philippine Territorial Boundaries: Internal Tensions, Colonial Baggage, Ambivalent Conformity, Lowell Bautista
Philippine Territorial Boundaries: Internal Tensions, Colonial Baggage, Ambivalent Conformity, Lowell Bautista
Lowell Bautista
The territorial boundaries of the Philippines, inherited from Spain and the United States in 1898, are disputed in international law. The boundaries of the Philippines are not recognised by the international community for two principal reasons: first, because of the fundamental position of the Philippines that the limits of its national territory are the boundaries laid down in the 1898 Treaty of Paris which ceded the Philippines from Spain to the United States; and second, is its claim that all the waters embraced within these imaginary lines are its territorial waters. The Philippine Government is not unaware of these issues …