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Full-Text Articles in Arts and Humanities
“By Her Needle Maintain Herself With Reputation:” Philadelphia Quaker Women And The Materiality Of Piety, 1758-1760, Laura Earls
“By Her Needle Maintain Herself With Reputation:” Philadelphia Quaker Women And The Materiality Of Piety, 1758-1760, Laura Earls
Madison Historical Review
From the garments that they made to the ways that they spoke, Quakers grappled with the outward trappings of piety. Unofficial Quaker guidance enumerated some vague criteria for plain garments around the turn of the eighteenth century, but aside from this, pious members largely decided for themselves what was or was not plain. This paper utilizes a close study of the diaries and possessions of women including Elizabeth Sandwith Drinker, Grace Peel Dowell Parr, Hannah Callender Sansom, and their contemporaries to argue that, rather than represent lapses of faith, their material worlds represented individual interpretations of plainness within rigid social …
Cuba’S Use Of Political Imagery In Creating Societal Gender Norms: 1940-1980, Matthew Wingfield
Cuba’S Use Of Political Imagery In Creating Societal Gender Norms: 1940-1980, Matthew Wingfield
Masters Theses, 2020-current
The gendering of Cuba began during the power imbalance during the colonial era. Gender is an important way in which the relationship of Cuba to Spain, to the United States, and of 1959 Cuban revolution has been expressed. However, the practice of the United States gendering Cuba became commonplace after the end of the Spanish-American War. During this period Cuba was often portrayed in US popular culture as a gendered Orientalized other in ways that reflect what scholar Edward Said defined as Orientalism elsewhere. This will be defined later in the introduction. Gender intersected with racial ideologies in many of …
Bringing The Norm To The ‘Burgs: Gender And Design At Two Virginia Normal Schools 1908-1928, Inga H. Gudmundsson
Bringing The Norm To The ‘Burgs: Gender And Design At Two Virginia Normal Schools 1908-1928, Inga H. Gudmundsson
Senior Honors Projects, 2010-2019
The purpose of this presentation is to compare James Madison University and the University of Mary Washington from their start with the passing of a 1908 General Assembly bill creating state normal schools for women in Harrisonburg and Fredericksburg, Virginia. The focus is on the two schools from their creation, with an emphasis on how gender contributed to the architectural styles of both campuses and how Southern cultural ideals and Progressive Era ideals of the early 20th century shaped the experiences of the women during the first two decades of the two institutions' histories.
Making An Impression: Butter Prints, The Butter Market, And Rural Women In Nineteenth-Century Southeastern Pennsylvania, Jennifer L. Putnam
Making An Impression: Butter Prints, The Butter Market, And Rural Women In Nineteenth-Century Southeastern Pennsylvania, Jennifer L. Putnam
Madison Historical Review
Pre-industrial butter-making was an arduous process, involving milking, churning, proper storage, printing, and, sometimes, transport to market. The 19th-century economy in Philadelphia was forever changed by the practice of rural women selling their surplus butter as a response to the rise of consumerism. Butter-making provided rural women with the means to earn their own income, providing economic agency and increasing their independence by allowing them to work outside of the home. Butter prints emerged as a way to brand one’s butter with a signature trademark. A print’s size and shape, the materials and methods used in its construction, and the …
Defying Civility: Female Writers And Educators In Nineteenth-Century America, Tess Evans
Defying Civility: Female Writers And Educators In Nineteenth-Century America, Tess Evans
Masters Theses, 2010-2019
This thesis project investigates how northern American women in the nineteenth-century defied civility and what the consequences were. Primary and secondary source research of poetry, prose, letters, government documents, and personal accounts reveal that these women were able to step out of the domestic sphere to create a new world for themselves without the aid of males. This paper and accompanying online exhibit, Civil War Successes, explores how defying the notions of a civil woman paved the way for an earlier women’s movement than the twentieth-century. A nation torn apart by civil war saw women creating outlets for their …
Revolutionary Era Women In War: A Move For Societal Reform, Claire Williams
Revolutionary Era Women In War: A Move For Societal Reform, Claire Williams
Senior Honors Projects, 2010-2019
As tensions grew in the British colonies in the late eighteenth century, colonists began expressing their new hopes for an independent nation. While the call to action for the physical fight against the British was directed toward men, women could not help but respond in kind. After centuries of domestic confinement and the new Enlightenment period showing possibilities for secondary roles, women used the coming war as a showcase for their capabilities. Some chose to act on the home front, boycotting British goods and fundraising for the soldiers, while others stepped outside of their bounds and participated in battle. Later …
Fort Lipstick And The Making Of June Cleaver: Gender Roles In American Propaganda And Advertising, 1941-1961, Samantha L. Vandermeade
Fort Lipstick And The Making Of June Cleaver: Gender Roles In American Propaganda And Advertising, 1941-1961, Samantha L. Vandermeade
Madison Historical Review
This article discusses the ways in which government propaganda and corporate advertising during the 1940s and 1950s made a concerted effort to mitigate the increased sexual, economic, and social freedoms of women engendered by the circumstances of the war years. While Rosie the Riveter and others like her became the picture Americans often associate with women in World War II, advertising firms and the government deliberately created Rosie and her fellows to reinforce female participation in the war effort only through their pre-ascribed dichotomous roles as either socially tamed sexual objects or mothers. Then, as the war drew to a …
Political Aspirations Of Colonial Women: The Correspondence Of Mercy Otis Warren And Abigail Smith Adams, Jillian Larue Viar
Political Aspirations Of Colonial Women: The Correspondence Of Mercy Otis Warren And Abigail Smith Adams, Jillian Larue Viar
Masters Theses, 2010-2019
This thesis seeks to understand how women could become politically active during the War for Independence. As I began researching women of the period, I grew aware of the connection between Abigail Smith Adams and Mercy Otis Warren through the letters they left behind which developed into the following work. Though both women were better educated than a majority of women of the time, their conversations give a unique window into viewing the world women lived in. Their letters especially highlight how they not only became invested in the cause of independence but also how they sought to express their …