Landscape Architecture Commons^™

A Bridge Between Earth & Sky: How The Natural World Shaped The Civilizations Of Ancient And Early-Modern Persia, Sophia Cabana

Senior Honors Projects, 2010-2019

This project seeks to investigate the ways in which nature shaped the culture of ancient Persia through technology, architecture, agriculture, and art. Furthermore, this project investigates how the symbols and mentalities of ancient Persia were carried forward into the early-modern period. Achaemenid Persia and Babylon are studied as societies which influenced one another and combined to create the foundation of Persian culture as it is currently understood, which then combined in later centuries with other Middle Eastern and Central Asian cultural movements to produce the Safavid and Mughal Empires. The Safavids and Mughals imitated and revived Persian culture in order …

Incorporating Natural Play Spaces Into Elementary Playgrounds For Child Developmental Benefits, Ariel L. Wright

All Graduate Plan B and other Reports, Spring 1920 to Spring 2023

Play environments are crucial to providing developmental opportunities for children and natural playgrounds provide a developmentally rich play environment. This study compared elementary school playgrounds and nature explore classrooms to determine what natural play spaces can be implemented into an elementary school playground for developmental benefits. The playgrounds were evaluated on safety, ADA requirements and what developmental affordances are encouraged through different play components. A Nature Playground Play Spaces List and handouts were developed, and a playground design exploration was conducted as an example for how the play spaces list can be used and to show what benefits can be …

Assessing The Impacts Of Laep Extension At Usu: Development Of A Model Framework, Jason G. Parkinson

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Over several decades, USU’s Landscape Architecture and Environmental Planning (LAEP) Department and Extension specialists have engaged Utah’s rural communities through several design-based outreach activities. These activities are intended to benefit both community partners interested in learning how design can positively impact the community in tangible ways, and students, who are given the opportunity to engage with real-world projects. This study documents, evaluates, and assesses outcomes of community engagement projects undertaken by LAEP Extension to better understand the program’s impact over time and come up with approaches that will enhance the impact of future community engagement projects.

This research develops a …

Classification Of Urban Forms And Their Relationship With Vegetation Cover In Cache County, Utah, Stephen J. Peaden

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

As residential urban development increases in the western United States, few studies have shown how different urban forms influence vegetation cover. The two studies in this thesis examine how to define and measure urban form in order to understand the relationship between urban form characteristics and vegetation cover.

In the first study, urban form was defined by using past methods of identifying and measuring urban sprawl. Past studies showed the most essential metrics that define residential urban form are building density, centrality, connectivity, land use mix, and parcel size. This study reviews these metrics and proposes revised unified definitions and …

The Genesis And Development Of Deathscapes In America -- A Story Of How Chicago And Louisville Cemeteries Demonstrate The Shifting Rationale Of Cemetery Placement During The 19th And 20th Centuries., Thomas D. Cleven

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Today, most construction projects require a systematic site qualification based on a suitability analysis utilizing parameters such as slope, soil type, elevation, distance to open water, and distance to transportation. The proper siting determines the success of a project in terms of project stability and longevity. However, has this suitability analysis exist for one of the most significant phases of humanity – death. Historically dead bodies seem to have been placed without suitable qualification being many cemeteries have created environmental problems for the living. Hence, with which placement rationale has been used comes to mind. With a varied array of …

Proposal For A Visual Resource Stewardship Specialist Certificate Program, Robin E. Hoffman, Richard Smardon

Visual Resource Stewardship Conference

The Visual Resource Stewardship (VRS) Conference gathers visual resource stewardship professionals from around the world. Their expertise includes methods, theories and policies that inform the practice of visual impact assessment (VIA). Therefore, the 2019 VRS Conference provides an ideal forum to gather input for the development of a Visual Res

Victories In Scenic Conservation And The Road Ahead, Mark Falzone

Visual Resource Stewardship Conference

This presentation will give an overview of legislative victories and efforts in scenic conservation. Topics covered will include the Reviving America's Scenic Byways Act of 2019 and the upcoming surface transportation reauthorization. What ideas do you think should become law, regulation, or policy? This session will be interactive and solicit your feedback. Scenic America is the only national nonprofit dedicated solely to preserving and enhancing the visual character of the country.

The Community Preferences Method For Landscape Quality Assessment, Andrew Lothian

Visual Resource Stewardship Conference

For centuries, philosophers of aesthetics believed that beauty lay in the object, a physical entity. It was not until the 18th century, that British and German philosophers realized that beauty lay in the eyes of the beholder, in our mind rather than in the object. Contemporary theories of landscape aesthetics derive from an evolutionary perspective, what humans prefer is survival enhancing. The rapidity of aesthetic judgments, and the similarity of judgments across different individuals, reinforces its innate basis. Yet early attempts to measure scenic quality relied on measuring the characteristics of the landscape in the belief that somehow its scenic …

Managing The National Landscape: Opportunities And Challenges, Martin Pasqualetti

Visual Resource Stewardship Conference

This plenary presentation summarized the principal landscape challenges and opportunities that accompany the human need for energy. Drawing from 50 years’ examining what I call “energy landscapes,” this presentation focused on land use conflicts resulting during the development of four types of renewable energy (solar, wind, geothermal, hydro), fossil fuels (mainly coal), and nuclear power (particularly siting of waste repositories and the decommissioning of generating stations). Many of the challenges derive from inherent resource characteristics, some from differences to cultural mores and histories, varying public perceptions of risk and fairness, demographic patterns, as well as jurisdictional and political differences. Many …

Visual Resource Stewardship – An International Perspective, Andrew Lothian

Visual Resource Stewardship Conference

An international perspective to visual resource stewardship is presented in this paper. It examines the history of Great Britain’s love affair with its landscapes, then summarizes the more recent development of the European Landscape Convention, which has been embraced across much of Europe. The recognition of outstanding landscapes under the World Heritage Convention is then covered and the international Protected Areas program, which includes landscapes, is briefly summarized. Programs in several countries are reviewed. As the United States is very adequately covered in this and the 2017 conference, this paper mainly addresses other countries.

Welcome, Robert Sullivan, Richard Smardon, Robin E. Hoffman

Visual Resource Stewardship Conference

The 2019 Visual Resource Stewardship Conference: Seeking 20/20 Vision for Landscape Futures was held in October 27-30, 2019 at the Argonne National Laboratory. Four technical training workshops were offered on the first day of the conference, which was the first time for that format. Seventy-five technical papers and visual case studies were presented over 2-1/2 days with single audience format in the mornings and concurrent sessions in the afternoons.

The 2019 conference end session began with an overview that included three objectives for the session, a summary of the literature about the need for formal education in visualization, and the …

Visual Resource Stewardship Conference 2019, Conference Proceedings

Visual Resource Stewardship Conference

Contains 15 papers 17 visual case studies and seven abstracts from the Visual Resource Stewardship Conference: Seeking 20/20 Vision for Landscape futures held at Argonne National Laboratory in Lemont, Illinois on October 27-30, 2019. The material covers topical themes related to federal and state agency programs and policies, theories and concepts, visual quality assessment, visual impact and mitigation, as well as visual resource management tools and technology.

Sustainability, Resiliency And Authenticity Of Rural Landscapes. The Forced Relocation Of Inhabitants At A Port In Terraba Sierpe Wetlands, Costa Rica, And The ‘Un-Ruled’ Practices In The Abandoned Landscape Of Penyagolosa Mountain, Spain., Juan A. García-Esparza, Ofelia Sanou

ISCCL Scientific Symposia and Annual General Meetings // Symposiums scientifiques et assemblées générales annuelles de l'ISCCL // Simposios científicos yy las Asambleas Generales Anuales

The poster presented hereby is intended to establish a lively debate on the eventual interpretation of the dynamics in two specific rural landscapes and how their analysis depends on the ability to appropriately select and assimilate the transformations of the place. The two cases expose potential problems that arise when interpreting and managing these rural landscapes. Interpretations can be ‘colonial’ or ‘indigenous’. These approaches, therefore, aim to question why space is sometimes constructed under ‘conscious’ and ‘unconscious’ interpretations of imaginaries, behaviours, expressions, and adaptations which result in characteristic experimentations and transformations of the rural landscape.

In this realm, the approach …

Kc 5.1: Traditional Systems And Methods Of Rural Landsconservation In Mali And Africa // Systemes Et Methodes Traditionnels De Preservations Des Paysages Ruraux Au Mali Et En Afrique, Alpha Diop, L. Cisse, M. Dembele

ISCCL Scientific Symposia and Annual General Meetings // Symposiums scientifiques et assemblées générales annuelles de l'ISCCL // Simposios científicos yy las Asambleas Generales Anuales

Rural landscapes in Africa and elsewhere constitute a precious heritage for rural communities, which have since the onset of time been able to develop endogenous techniques, systems and practices for the development and preservation of natural and cultural landscapes. Within African territorial entities, culture and nature are harmoniously interconnected and their management and preservation are based on systems created and transmitted from generation to generation according to socio-cultural environments and contexts.

Based on ancestral social and religious practices, traditional systems and methods for preserving rural landscapes are more focused on a community-oriented approach.

Several traditional methods, systems, practices and approaches …

Panel 12. Paper 12.3: El Camino Tierra Adentro As A Rural Landscape, Graciela Mota, Pilar Rincón Mtra., Sara E. Narvaez Martínez Ph.D

ISCCL Scientific Symposia and Annual General Meetings // Symposiums scientifiques et assemblées générales annuelles de l'ISCCL // Simposios científicos yy las Asambleas Generales Anuales

Camino Real de Tierra Adentro was the Royal Inland Road, also known as the Silver Route. The inscribed property consists of 55 sites and five existing World Heritage sites lying along a 1400 km section of this 2600 km route, that extends north from Mexico City to Texas and New Mexico, United States of America. The route was actively used as a trade route for 300 years, from the mid-16th to the 19th centuries, mainly for transporting silver extracted from the mines of Zacatecas, Guanajuato, and San Luis Potosí, and mercury imported from Europe. Although it is a route that …

Panel 12. Paper 12.2: Public Policies, Cultural Landscape And Rural Development, Cecilia Calderón-Puente Dr., Zazanda Salcedo Gutierrez Msc

ISCCL Scientific Symposia and Annual General Meetings // Symposiums scientifiques et assemblées générales annuelles de l'ISCCL // Simposios científicos yy las Asambleas Generales Anuales

This panel incorporates two case studies of cultural landscapes and their management in Mexico and Bolivia. According to a new vision of government after the Mexican Revolution, it’s established in Mexico, in addition to the “ejidos”, a policy of production and settlement in rural areas, based on the generation of irrigation systems. Thus, from 1926 to 1940, “agricultural cities” are designed in the country, among which is founded, in the southern area of the northern state of Chihuahua, a city named Delicias, whose main objective was the production of vine and cotton. However, by 1960, there was a change in …

Panel 12. Paper 12.1: Rural Landscapes And Urban Development In Latin America, Leonardo B. Castriota, Betina Adams Msc

ISCCL Scientific Symposia and Annual General Meetings // Symposiums scientifiques et assemblées générales annuelles de l'ISCCL // Simposios científicos yy las Asambleas Generales Anuales

Within the expansion of the concept of heritage, in the last decades, some new ideas have gained a decisive and innovative role. "Cultural landscapes", for instance, adopted by UNESCO since the early 1990s, inextricably combines the material and immaterial aspects of the heritage concept, that formerly was often thought separately. It also enhances the significant interactions between man and the natural environment. Thus, this concept seems to offer a rich perspective when applied to the traditional ideas in the field of conservation. Considering the historical centres, for example, its’ perspective could be significantly broadened, allowing interpretations that focus on the …

Between Agriculture And Delight: Villas, Gardens And Agricultural Landscape In Northern Italy, Raffaella Laviscio, Lionella Scazzosi, Laura Pelissetti, Renata Lodari

ISCCL Scientific Symposia and Annual General Meetings // Symposiums scientifiques et assemblées générales annuelles de l'ISCCL // Simposios científicos yy las Asambleas Generales Anuales

The villa-garden as core of agricultural enterprise spreads in the North of Italy particularly since the second half of the XVII century. Throughout the eighteenth century, there was the flowering of large stately villas that, in addition to villas of delight, are configured as "centers of capitalist investment in the land economy and as centers for reorganization of the agricultural landscape in large rural estates" (Sereni 1961, p.289). Thus, some of the Royal House's Residences in Piemonte also affect the structure of the surrounding land where the gardens and parks became the core of the land shape to improve the …

Panel 5 Paper 5.3 Rural Intangible Cultural Heritage And Ethnic Tourism: Experiences Of Yunnan, China, Junjie Su

ISCCL Scientific Symposia and Annual General Meetings // Symposiums scientifiques et assemblées générales annuelles de l'ISCCL // Simposios científicos yy las Asambleas Generales Anuales

China is an active player in the international arena of intangible cultural heritage (ICH). While China is transforming from an agricultural country to an industrial country, rural heritage, either tangible or intangible, is facing tremendous challenges and opportunities. Among Chinese provinces, Yunnan in Southwest of China can be regarded as the best case to investigate the issues of protection, use and transmission of rural heritage as Yunnan is a unique province of China because of its ethnic cultural diversity and geographic diversity. Based on literary studies and fieldworks, this paper illustrates history, cases, theories and practices in the protection and …

Panel 5 Rural Intangible Cultural Heritage, Junjie Su, Mohamed Badry Kamel Basuny Amer M.A., Xuanlin Liu

ISCCL Scientific Symposia and Annual General Meetings // Symposiums scientifiques et assemblées générales annuelles de l'ISCCL // Simposios científicos yy las Asambleas Generales Anuales

Rural areas is the place where rural intangible heritage is found rich and diverse, whereas vulnerable to fast social, cultural, political and economic transformations, in particular in developing and underdeveloped areas. Although the concept of Intangible Cultural Heritage (ICH) has been established in UNESCO and accepted by many ICH Convention signatories, it has not been consistently adopted and implemented from international level to local level without divergencies. An analysis of rural ICH is to analyse how rural traditional culture, memories and past are used by different stakeholders for current society. (Re)defining rural ICH is a way to both rethink and …

Panel 11. Paper 11.3: Views Through Rose-Colored Glasses: The Need For Diverse Lenses To Support Rural Landscape Heritage, Steve H. Brown Dr, Cari Goetcheus

ISCCL Scientific Symposia and Annual General Meetings // Symposiums scientifiques et assemblées générales annuelles de l'ISCCL // Simposios científicos yy las Asambleas Generales Anuales

The ICOMOS-IFLA Principles Concerning Rural Landscape as Heritage (the Principles; 2017) provide a comprehensive outline of the fields and work required to better recognise and safeguard rural landscape heritage. The Principles acknowledge that the field of heritage conservation cannot sustain rural places and traditional rural heritage landscapes on their own, but must engage with a diverse breadth of disciplines to support and safeguard these spaces. The Principles seek to address loss and adverse changes to rural landscapes and their associated communities through the recognition, safeguarding, and promotion of their heritage values. They aim to promote an appropriate balance between economic, …

Panel 4 Paper 4.1: Icomos Perspective On Addressing Culturenature Integration In The Implementation Of The Sdgs, Ege Yildirim

ISCCL Scientific Symposia and Annual General Meetings // Symposiums scientifiques et assemblées générales annuelles de l'ISCCL // Simposios científicos yy las Asambleas Generales Anuales

Rural landscapes with interconnected CultureNature heritage value have much to contribute to the resilience and sustainability of food production, use of renewable natural resources and overall well-being of communities. Rural landscapes are addressed in the UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) in SDG 11 as a type of ‘human settlement’ and Target 11.4 calls for 'strengthening efforts ‘to protect and safeguard the world’s cultural and natural heritage.’ Even so, to date, the contributions of rural landscapes have had limited recognition within the global framework for the UN SDGs and some reference in the UN-Habitat New Urban Agenda.

This paper will provide …

Panel 3 Paper 3.3: Māori Ancestral Landscapes And The Celebration Of Prowess In Cultivation And Resource Gathering: Digesting Natural Heritage As An Expression Of Culture, Xavier Forde

ISCCL Scientific Symposia and Annual General Meetings // Symposiums scientifiques et assemblées générales annuelles de l'ISCCL // Simposios científicos yy las Asambleas Generales Anuales

The provision of food and other natural resource for subsistence is celebrated in the histories of Māori tribes, in episodes relating to the ancestors who brought crops from Hawaiki in their migration to Aotearoa New Zealand, or who demonstrated prowess in the cultivation or gathering of resource. The oral histories of these ancestors and their feats of provision are still evidenced in aetiological stories, place names, and expansive archaeological fields, and artefacts that shape cultural landscapes, map out the natural resource around the country, and continue to act as a repository of indigenous knowledge today.

Kc 1.1: Cultural Heritage And Climate Change: Exploring The Impacts And Issues, Elizabeth Brabec, Andrew Potts, Julianne Polanco

ISCCL Scientific Symposia and Annual General Meetings // Symposiums scientifiques et assemblées générales annuelles de l'ISCCL // Simposios científicos yy las Asambleas Generales Anuales

As noted at the 2017 ICOMOS Assembly in Delhi, cultural heritage is both under threat from climate change, and an asset in our attempts to adapt to and mitigate its impacts. The Paris Agreement emphasizes the need for urgency about climate change; cultural heritage can play a central role in this effort. For example, iconic sites at risk from storms, coastal erosion, wildfires or permafrost thaw can alert public to the very real impacts and costs of climate change.

World Heritage Sites (WHS) around the world play a key role in alerting the public to the impacts of local climate …

Panel 8. Paper 8.3: Address Flood Threats To Protect Rural Landscape Heritage And Enhance Cultural Tourism, Dexell Aita, Diane Menzies

ISCCL Scientific Symposia and Annual General Meetings // Symposiums scientifiques et assemblées générales annuelles de l'ISCCL // Simposios científicos yy las Asambleas Generales Anuales

Apia has repeatedly been hit by floods exacerbated by climate change. Apia is the capital of the small island nation of Samoa, in the Pacific. The floods from three watersheds start high in the steep rural areas through which the streams traverse. The streams become rushing torrents, destroying the subsistence farms, soils, homes, crops and properties upstream. Downstream flooding impacts buildings, businesses and tourism in the small city as well as the ecology of the harbour, through repeated silt deposits.

A flood management project, which binds Fa’a Samoa, (Samoan cultural practices) to technical landscape management practice, can also lead to …

Living Landscapes: Combining Education And Ecology For A More Resilient New York Harbor, Murray Fisher, Brad Howe

Year on Climate Change: Events

This session will highlight a unique partnership between a landscape architecture firm, an environmental group, and a public high school that are working together in New York Harbor to increase the area’s resiliency as the climate changes, and to engage and train the next generation of environmental and Harbor stewards.

Historic Trading Routes In Kosovo And Albania And Their Potential In Improving Rural Tourism Through Cross National Approaches, Arnisa Kryeziu, Caroline Jaeger Klein

ISCCL Scientific Symposia and Annual General Meetings // Symposiums scientifiques et assemblées générales annuelles de l'ISCCL // Simposios científicos yy las Asambleas Generales Anuales

Trading routes have been aligning different parts of the world since prehistoric times, transporting scarce commodities from one area to another. Primarily, the majority of these routes had military character used during wars in enlarging territories but with the flourishing of trade in agriculture, craftsmanship, and mining, they gained important economic value. Parallel to this exchange of goods, these communication systems expedited influences and cultural exchange in cuisine, traditions, religion, crafts, arts and architecture.

Main centers of present day Kosovo and Albania were part of this dense communication network for trading activities, for example Via Egnatia, Via de Zenta and …

Digitally-Mediated Practices Of Geospatial Archaeological Data: Transformation, Integration, & Interpretation, Heather Richards-Rissetto, Kristin Landau

Department of Anthropology: Faculty Publications

Digitally-mediated practices of archaeological data require reflexive thinking about where archaeology stands as a discipline in regard to the ‘digital,’ and where we want to go. To move toward this goal, we advocate a historical approach that emphasizes contextual source-side criticism and data intimacy—scrutinizing maps and 3D data as we do artifacts by analyzing position, form, material and context of analog and digital sources. Applying this approach, we reflect on what we have learned from processes of digitally-mediated data. We ask: What can we learn as we convert analog data to digital data? And, how does digital data transformation impact …

Intermodal Transit Terminal: Integrating The Future Of Transit Into The Urban Fabric, Guy Vigneau

Masters Theses

The very foundation of transportation relies on its ability to efficiently move people and goods through a transitional space. Transportation hubs are key to achieving this goal. However, many transit terminals are outdated or poorly designed to fit the needs of the modern world. At the core of this thesis are two overarching questions. First, how do we design intermodal transit terminals so that they successfully integrate into an existing urban fabric? Second, how do we design for innovative modes of transportation, such as hyperloop technology? This thesis explores how architectural design can recover existing transit connections within an urban …

Centerville City Parks Master Plan, Paul Stead

All Graduate Plan B and other Reports, Spring 1920 to Spring 2023

This Plan B Thesis is a comprehensive update to Centerville City’s Parks Master Plan. The document seeks to provide stability and continuity to Centerville’s open space infrastructure. Since the last update in 1993, the Parks Master Plan has been without regular updates to reflect the community’s needs and values. As a result, the Plan has largely been ignored and Centerville has lacked a unified vision regarding parks planning. The objective of this thesis project is to help promote a unique recreational identity that assists the community in positively differentiating itself from other communities on the Wasatch Front.

The Inventory and …