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Articles 1381 - 1410 of 7555

Full-Text Articles in Architecture

Review Of Benefits Of Nature Experience For Young Children, Donger Liu, Guy Trainin Sep 2021

Review Of Benefits Of Nature Experience For Young Children, Donger Liu, Guy Trainin

Research and Evaluation in Education, Technology, Art, and Design

Progressing urbanization is having an impact on people’s lifestyles. Increasing indoor time results in the deprivation of human’s proximity to nature. Richard Louv (2008) coined the term “nature deficit disorder”, conceptualized the increasing phenomenon of children suffering from anxiety, ADHD, and obesity due to spending less time in nature and more time indoor. There is a growing body of literature focusing on the benefits of nature experience, nature exposure on young children’s physiological and psychological well-beings, such as physical health, attention, executive function, and behavioral regulation etc. This review focuses on the research articles that investigated the influence of nature …

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Introduction To Prefabrication And Automation In Construction, Luciana Debs, Jiansong Zhang, Yunfeng Chen Sep 2021

Introduction To Prefabrication And Automation In Construction, Luciana Debs, Jiansong Zhang, Yunfeng Chen

Bowen School of Construction Open Educational Resources

New developments and recent advances in construction methods have the potential to change the future of the architecture, engineering and construction industry. Prefabrication, along with modular construction, provides a safe and controlled environment for the production of building construction elements and raises the need for improved collaboration and coordination from design to manufacturing and from transportation to final assembly. Prefabrication also provides relief from the skilled construction labor shortage while opening up new opportunities for mass customization within the building industry. Prefabrication and modular construction automation are emerging expansion routes for the construction industry. In addition, integral to developing the …

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Guidelines For Structural Optimization And Sustainable Retrofitting Of Re-Purposed Buildings Using Bim, Mariam Ehab, Mina Maxi, Gehan Nagy Sep 2021

Guidelines For Structural Optimization And Sustainable Retrofitting Of Re-Purposed Buildings Using Bim, Mariam Ehab, Mina Maxi, Gehan Nagy

Civil Engineering

Nowadays energy problems resulting from the building industry become very polluting along with the high expenses of the building operation. Designers tend to propose another solution which is the refurbishment of old buildings to be energy-optimized and more efficient. As a result, some solutions are addressed to prioritize keeping the architectural theme of the city as well as reducing land use. An extensive investigation is conducted to review past research approaches regarding energy optimization requirements as well as scoping on structural optimization through building refurbishment. Structural optimization resulting from structural repurposing is not studied in depth recently, as a result, …

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The City As A Learning Lab: Using Historical Maps And Walking Seminars To Anchor Place-Based Research, Anne E. Leonard, Jason Montgomery Sep 2021

The City As A Learning Lab: Using Historical Maps And Walking Seminars To Anchor Place-Based Research, Anne E. Leonard, Jason Montgomery

Publications and Research

Information literacy, inquiry, and empirical observation skills are essential to undergraduate students’ success, supporting the development of their independent critical thinking skills. In this chapter, we discuss an interdisciplinary course that we, an architecture professor and a librarian, co-taught at New York City College of Technology. The course, Learning Places: Understanding the City, combines place-based learning with primary source research, developing students’ abilities to observe an urban site chosen for study and to document their observations, and in the process build a line of inquiry for further research. The documented observations, newly created primary sources in their own right, initiated …

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Digital Construction And Bim Research In Ireland 2016-2020, Barry Mcauley, Roger P. West, Alan V. Hore Aug 2021

Digital Construction And Bim Research In Ireland 2016-2020, Barry Mcauley, Roger P. West, Alan V. Hore

Conference papers

As the construction industry opens up post pandemic, new and significant challenges will demand considerable expertise, not least in financial viability, solving the housing crisis and facing the very significant climate change pressures to make the industry less wasteful and less carbon intensive. This presents an excellent opportunity to further inculcate aspects of lean construction, particularly BIM into many aspects of construction not traditionally associated with digital construction, provided the necessary expertise is available and known to exist. Following a well-received recent conference paper summarising BIM-related research published by academics in Ireland’s higher education institutions in 2020, this paper will …

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Adapting To Sea Level Rise: Insights From A New Evaluation Framework Of Physical Design Projects, Daniella Hirschfeld, Kristina E. Hill, Ellen Plane Aug 2021

Adapting To Sea Level Rise: Insights From A New Evaluation Framework Of Physical Design Projects, Daniella Hirschfeld, Kristina E. Hill, Ellen Plane

Landscape Architecture and Environmental Planning Faculty Publications

Designers and engineers are developing proposals for physical projects to adapt coastal sites to future sea level rise related threats. This puts pressure on local and regional decision makers to develop strategic frameworks for prioritizing, permitting and funding such projects. However, no systematic evaluation tools exist for the full range of these innovative designs. We build on the literature to develop an evaluation framework that synthesizes two different approaches to categorize these proposals and provide insight for coastal managers and decision makers. We apply this framework to physical projects that address sea level rise in their design around the San …

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Towards Creating Smart Cities In Nepal, Ambika P. Adhikari, Keshav Bhattarai Aug 2021

Towards Creating Smart Cities In Nepal, Ambika P. Adhikari, Keshav Bhattarai

Himalayan Research Papers Archive

Many urban centers in the world are seeking to become smart cities. Nepali city leaders are also aspiring to make their cities smart. A smart city basically has clever improvements made in three sectors of its operations: technological, human, and institutional. Globally, many cities have recently made impressive enhancements in at least one or more of these areas. Nepal’s National Planning Commission (NPC) in 2016 had released a concept paper on smart cities for Nepal, defining smart cities as sustainable, information and technology-based, with high quality services and replicable (NPC 2016). As most Nepali cities still operate with limited infrastructure, …

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Comparison Between Precast And Cast-In-Place Reinforced Concrete Structures In Mexico City, Santiago Rodriguez Sanchez Aug 2021

Comparison Between Precast And Cast-In-Place Reinforced Concrete Structures In Mexico City, Santiago Rodriguez Sanchez

International Programs

Both Precast and Cast-in-place reinforced concrete structures have its own advantages and disadvantages. However, Precast RC structures have more advantages than Cast-in-place RC structures. Furthermore, it has been found that, under seismic loads, Precast structures can behave similar to Cast-in-place ones. Therefore Precast structures are an optimal option in Mexico City.

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Why Concrete? Four Case Studies Of Concrete Architecture, Pei Huang Aug 2021

Why Concrete? Four Case Studies Of Concrete Architecture, Pei Huang

English Language Institute: Architecture Posters

No abstract provided.

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Emotional Architecture Under Modernism, Yi Chen Aug 2021

Emotional Architecture Under Modernism, Yi Chen

International Programs

The impression of modernist architecture is rational and emotionless. However, this is just a disguise of the modernist architects' emotional pursuit. This article aims to expose and analyze the architectural emotion in the context of modernism.

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Evaluating Prediction Models Of Creep And Drying Shrinkage Of Self-Consolidating Concrete Containing Supplementary Cementitious Materials/Fillers, Micheal Asaad, George Morcous Aug 2021

Evaluating Prediction Models Of Creep And Drying Shrinkage Of Self-Consolidating Concrete Containing Supplementary Cementitious Materials/Fillers, Micheal Asaad, George Morcous

Durham School of Architectural Engineering and Construction: Faculty Publications

Supplementary cementitious materials (SCMs) and fillers play an important role in enhancing the mechanical properties and durability of concrete. SCMs and fillers are commonly used in self-consolidating concrete (SCC) mixtures to also enhance their rheological properties. However, these additives could have significant effects on the viscoelastic properties of concrete. Existing models for predicting creep and drying shrinkage of concrete do not consider the effect of SCM/filler on the predicted values. This study evaluates existing creep and drying shrinkage models, including AASHTO LRFD, ACI209, CEB-FIP MC90-99, B3, and GL2000, for SCC mixtures with different SCMs/fillers. Forty SCC mixtures were proportioned for …

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An Architect’S Perspective On Indoor Gardens, Chanhyuk Joo Aug 2021

An Architect’S Perspective On Indoor Gardens, Chanhyuk Joo

International Programs

Started question with "How to prepare designing an indoor garden in an Architecture perspective." This poster explains requirements for indoor gardens in terms of engineering and physical design, as well as expectations for the future.

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Central Plaza Recommendations, Jim Speer Aug 2021

Central Plaza Recommendations, Jim Speer

2021 Spring Reports (Sullivan)

The City of Sullivan intends to leverage the new Central Plaza and Civic Center as key to the city. The Quality of Life plan indicates a desire to construct appealing aspects to Central Plaza. ENVI460 students were tasked with providing recommendations for a water feature and other sustainable features like a green roofing. This report reflects students’ recommendations for a sustainable water feature at Central Plaza.

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Complete Streets, Jim Speer Aug 2021

Complete Streets, Jim Speer

2021 Spring Reports (Sullivan)

The City of Sullivan enacted a Quality of Life plan to address multiple improvements to their city, including some of the city’s infrastructure. Mayor Clint Lamb’s goal is to connect the city via roadways and trail systems that are accessible for all transportation methods and attractive for community members and tourists. ENVI460 students provided recommendations based off the city’s need for improvements to road systems and attractiveness. Students recommended a new roadway design for the Main Street section, sustainable infrastructure additions and buffer zones, and green space for attraction sites.

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Mitigating Urban Heat Island Effect At Southern City Park, Jim Speer Aug 2021

Mitigating Urban Heat Island Effect At Southern City Park, Jim Speer

2021 Spring Reports (Sullivan)

The City of Sullivan indicated the southern City Park as an area of interest for redevelopment as a neighborhood area and for sustainable features. There are existing structures and habitats that they are looking to bolster. Students in ENVI 460 identified multiple components of the city park that could be updated and upgraded to provide more sustainable infrastructure and community focus. They recommended permeable pavers in two locations in the park area, green roofing on some existing structures, and adding native habitats to the overall area.

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Impervious Surfaces Mapping At City Scale By Fusion Of Radar And Optical Data Through A Random Forest Classifier, Binita Shrestha, Haroon Stephen, Sajjad Ahmad Aug 2021

Impervious Surfaces Mapping At City Scale By Fusion Of Radar And Optical Data Through A Random Forest Classifier, Binita Shrestha, Haroon Stephen, Sajjad Ahmad

Civil and Environmental Engineering and Construction Faculty Research

Urbanization increases the amount of impervious surfaces, making accurate information on spatial and temporal expansion trends essential; the challenge is to develop a cost-and laboreffective technique that is compatible with the assessment of multiple geographical locations in developing countries. Several studies have identified the potential of remote sensing and multiple source information in impervious surface quantification. Therefore, this study aims to fuse datasets from the Sentinel 1 and 2 Satellites to map the impervious surfaces of nine Pakistani cities and estimate their growth rates from 2016 to 2020 utilizing the random forest algorithm. All bands in the optical and radar …

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Sullivan Sustainable Housing Unit, Riem Rostom Aug 2021

Sullivan Sustainable Housing Unit, Riem Rostom

2021 Spring Reports (Sullivan)

Students in ENGR401 were tasked with providing recommendations for an energy efficient heating and cooling system for a housing design provided by IAD251. Students performed necessary calculations and compared information with sustainability factors. There are also further recommendations for building sustainable housing.

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The Facility Infection Risk Estimator™: A Web Application Tool For Comparing Indoor Risk Mitigation Strategies By Estimating Airborne Transmission Risk, Marcel Harmon, Josephine Lau Aug 2021

The Facility Infection Risk Estimator™: A Web Application Tool For Comparing Indoor Risk Mitigation Strategies By Estimating Airborne Transmission Risk, Marcel Harmon, Josephine Lau

Durham School of Architectural Engineering and Construction: Faculty Publications

The COVID-19 pandemic created needs for (a) estimating the existing airborne risk of infection from SARS-CoV-2 in existing facilities and new designs and (b) estimating and comparing the impacts of engineering and behavioural strategies for contextually reducing that risk. This paper presents the development of a web application to meet these needs, the Facility Infection Risk Estimator™, and its underlying Wells–Riley based model. The model specifically estimates (a) the removal efficiencies of various settling, ventilation, filtration and virus inactivation strategies and (b) the associated probability of infection, given the room physical parameters and number of individuals infected present with either …

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Challenges Of Industrial Heritage Renovations, Huiyang Gong Aug 2021

Challenges Of Industrial Heritage Renovations, Huiyang Gong

English Language Institute: Architecture Posters

No abstract provided.

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Planning, Aging, And Loneliness: Reviewing Evidence About Built Environment Effects, Yingying Lyu, Ann Forsyth Aug 2021

Planning, Aging, And Loneliness: Reviewing Evidence About Built Environment Effects, Yingying Lyu, Ann Forsyth

Geography & Planning Faculty Publications

Large numbers of people in many countries report being lonely with rates highest among the very old. Does the built environment affect loneliness among older people and if so, how? Using a scoping review, we examined associations between loneliness and built environments at the block, neighborhood, and city scales The (a) neighborhood environment has received most attention. Research has also examined (b) urban contexts, (c) housing, and (d) transportation access. Findings are mixed with the stronger evidence that local resources, walkability, overall environment quality, housing options, and nearby transportation alternatives can help combat loneliness.

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Designing Gfrp-Reinforced Tilt-Up Wall Panels, Fray F. Pozo-Lora, Marc Maguire Aug 2021

Designing Gfrp-Reinforced Tilt-Up Wall Panels, Fray F. Pozo-Lora, Marc Maguire

Durham School of Architectural Engineering and Construction: Faculty Publications

Tilt-up construction was effectively enabled on a wide scale in 1979, when the ACI committee 551 report on Tilt-up construction was published, the Recommended Tilt-Up Wall Design, aka, the Yellow Book and the subsequent ACI-SEASC Task, aka the Green Book, and another Tilt-up design and construction manual developed by the ACI in 1988. The Tilt-up Concrete Association was created in 1986 by a group of industry professionals who had the need of an organization dedicated to the industry. ACI 551 maintains a document outlining the standard practice for contemporary Tilt-up design and construction. The ACI 551 document does not consider …

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The Public Interior Space Within Louvre Abu Dhabi Dome: A Visual Reflection, Karim Musfy, Marco Sosa, Lina Ahmad Jul 2021

The Public Interior Space Within Louvre Abu Dhabi Dome: A Visual Reflection, Karim Musfy, Marco Sosa, Lina Ahmad

All Works

What defines an interior space? Is a traditional threshold the only building element considered as a clear component demarcating interiority from the outside environment? Could light or water be just as clear? How can scale challenge the identification of an internal space? Is a living space more identifiable as an interior volume? What about an internal courtyard for a family house outlining the beginning of a nation or the opposite extreme in the time-space continuum, a 24,000 square meters domed roof over a series of intimate spaces establishing a nation’s cultural intention internationally? Can a central space act as a …

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An Evolving Face-To-Face Freshman Experience Course During A Pandemic, Allen Estes, John Lawson Jul 2021

An Evolving Face-To-Face Freshman Experience Course During A Pandemic, Allen Estes, John Lawson

Architectural Engineering

With the full effect of the COVID-19 pandemic reaching the United States in March 2020, almost all colleges and universities went exclusively to virtual on-line instruction during the spring semesters and quarters. In the fall, according to the College Crisis Initiative study at Davidson College of 3000 schools, as colleges opened back up 4% were fully in person, 23% primarily in person, 21% were hybrid, 34% primarily on line, 10% fully on line and 8% either undetermined or other. Some colleges selectively reopened specific classes for face-to-face instruction with varying degrees of success and some had to quick shut down …

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1st Presbyterian Church Stained Glass, Jafet Estrada Jul 2021

1st Presbyterian Church Stained Glass, Jafet Estrada

Architecture Cultures Student Papers

In the beginning of this summer semester, we were asked to choose a church to research. My group and I chose to research the First Presbyterian Church of Marietta, or FPC Marietta. We chose this church for our research due to its beautiful architecture, location, and more importantly, its gorgeous stained-glass windows. Built in 1835, the First Presbyterian Church has been serving the people of Marietta for quite a while now. Four families originally came together in order to form the church. After some time, these four families began to move their meetings into a small frame structure. This new …

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The Architecture Of Symbolism, Jessica R. Hut Jul 2021

The Architecture Of Symbolism, Jessica R. Hut

Architecture Cultures Student Papers

The use of stained-glass windows seems like an obvious addition to a church to add color and light in the sanctuary, but they are also implemented for less obvious reasons. Including specific imagery and symbology in the windows help not only those who cannot read learn about the bible’s stories but also help bring people together to form a sense of community within the church. The stories in the bible bring people together and teach them valuable lessons so it is imperative to include them in the decoration of a sanctuary where all of God’s stories are to be shared

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More Than Four Walls And A Roof, Edwin Romero Jul 2021

More Than Four Walls And A Roof, Edwin Romero

Architecture Cultures Student Papers

Located on Church Street in Marietta, Georgia, the First Presbyterian Church has been a part of the city’s history for over one hundred and fifty years. Since its construction, it has gone through many renovations and expansions resulting from donations or even war reparations. To those involved with the church, the building is a large part of the community and has been through a lot since its creation. While the church has gone through many changes, a majority of the original sanctuary has remained unchanged for at least a hundred years.

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The Stained-Glass Windows Of Wheat And Grapes, Austin White Jul 2021

The Stained-Glass Windows Of Wheat And Grapes, Austin White

Architecture Cultures Student Papers

Throughout this course we have studied many cultures’ history and architecture during the Gothic Era. These cultures are the Indian, Chinese, Japanese, African, Native American, and Arabic cultures. Learning about these different cultures allowed for us to understand the connection these cultures have with their older architecture. As we were tasked to study an older church in the local area, we learned more about the church’s culture through the stained-glass windows and found out what each window represents. For my church, my group and I visited First Baptist Church located in Marietta, Georgia. After seeing the whole church and all …

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The History Of Church Seating, Jackson Devaughn Jul 2021

The History Of Church Seating, Jackson Devaughn

Architecture Cultures Student Papers

Seating within public areas regarding orature, such as a theater or concert hall, has been a necessity since such structures were created. It allows the audience to relax, to a degree, and take in the oral performance happening before them, without the distractions of movement around them, save for the occasional emergency. Therefore, one would be inclined to assume that since churches certainly fall under the “Oral Presentation” banner, it would make sense that they have always had seating for the public, right? This assumption, surprisingly, could not be further from the truth. In fact, “church seating did not even …

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Performance Evaluation Of A Prestressed Belitic Calcium Sulfoaluminate Cement (Bcsa) Concrete Bridge Girder, Nick Markosian, Raed Tawadrous, Mohammad Mastali, Robert J. Thomas, Marc Maguire Jul 2021

Performance Evaluation Of A Prestressed Belitic Calcium Sulfoaluminate Cement (Bcsa) Concrete Bridge Girder, Nick Markosian, Raed Tawadrous, Mohammad Mastali, Robert J. Thomas, Marc Maguire

Durham School of Architectural Engineering and Construction: Faculty Publications

Belitic calcium sulfoaluminate (BCSA) cement is a sustainable alternative to Portland cement that offers rapid setting characteristics that could accelerate throughput in precast concrete operations. BCSA cements have lower carbon footprint, embodied energy, and natural resource consumption than Portland cement. However, these benefits are not often utilized in structural members due to lack of specifications and perceived logistical challenges. This paper evaluates the performance of a full-scale precast, prestressed voided deck slab bridge girder made with BCSA cement concrete. The rapid-set properties of BCSA cement allowed the initial concrete compressive strength to reach the required 4300 psi release strength at …

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Historical Significance Of Stained-Glass At St Catherine Of Siena Catholic Church, Kennesaw Ga, Jesus Sanchez Jul 2021

Historical Significance Of Stained-Glass At St Catherine Of Siena Catholic Church, Kennesaw Ga, Jesus Sanchez

Architecture Cultures Student Papers

Over the main altar, there is a depiction of Kennesaw Mountain being washed over by giant droplets deriving from the holy cross (See fig. 5). The cross and its rain show the blessings of God falling on the community of Kennesaw. The droplets 4. “Seven Key-Points That Made John Paul II ‘The Great Pope’” 4 descend into the earth and from these droplets grow sunflowers of renewed faith. The droplets do not fall vertically but rounded, like a picture up close with a fisheye lens. The altar reflects the circular stained glass with a rounded altar sitting just below. It …

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