Architecture Commons^™

The Design Of An Agricultural Youth-Centered Rural Development Program In Rwanda, Laetitia Igiraneza Sinyigenga

Honors Program: Senior Projects (Public)

Rwanda is primarily a rural, young, and agriculture-based country. The referred variables- agriculture, rural population, and youth- can be creatively merged to engage and empower youth for rural development. This paper indicates the utilization of cross-disciplinary knowledge to design an agricultural youth-centered rural development program in Rwanda. The program uses the interdependence of economic sectors (agriculture and education) with resources (environmental & natural resources and human resources) to boost rural community development. The program’s main activities- mentorship, agribusiness training, tutoring, exposure visits, and community work- highly reflect the requirement for advancing the selected main economic sectors and resources. There is …

Components’ Exchanges Between Recycled Materials And Asphalt Binders In Asphalt Mixes, Eslam Deef-Allah, Magdy Abdelrahman, Mohyeldin Ragab

Civil, Architectural and Environmental Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

The focus of this study was to explore the components' exchanges between recycled asphalt shingles (RAS) or reclaimed asphalt pavement (RAP) and virgin asphalt binders (VABs) in the asphalt mixes and to establish their effect on the rutting resistance of the extracted asphalt binders (EABs). Twelve plant mixes and twelve field mixes were gathered as examples of four Superpave mixes containing RAP or RAS. The plant mixes were reheated and compacted in the lab. The field mixes were collected as cores within 2 weeks after the ending of the construction process. The exchanged components were investigated using Fourier transform infrared …

Beriah Brown House: Anne Baker's Journal - Typescript Version Of Original Manuscript

Documentation

Typescript version of Anne Baker’s handwritten original manuscript of the Beriah Brown House providing an architectural history and survey of the house as it was in 1972. Baker’s journal offers a daily account of the dismantling process in June 1972.

Beriah Brown House: Anne Baker's Journal

Documentation

Anne Baker’s handwritten journal of the Beriah Brown House providing an architectural history and survey of the house as it was in 1972. Baker describes the interior rooms and features of the house as well as the condition of the walls, summer beam, joists, girts, posts, framing and windows. Upon completion of the survey, a decision was made to dismantle the house in order to preserve it on a permanent location. Baker’s journal offers a daily account of the dismantling process in June 1972.

Kemar Hats Head Orientation Directivity, Samuel D. Bellows, Timothy W. Leishman

Directivity

This directivity data set for a KEMAR head head-and-torso simulator (HATS) includes head orientations in 14 directions in 5° steps starting from 0° to 40° and then in 10° steps from 40° to 90°. The full spherical measurements followed at an a = 0.97 m radius with the mouth aperture at the spherical center. The sampling density and distribution followed the AES 5° dual-equiangular sampling standard, omitting the south pole (θ = 180°). Thus, each spherical directivity assessment included 36 polar-angle θ samples and 72 azimuthal-angle ϕ samples. The presented data include 22 1/3-octave bands, ranging from 80 Hz …

Bc-Dunet-Based Segmentation Of Fine Cracks In Bridges Under A Complex Background, Tao Liu, Liangji Zhang, Guoxiong Zhou, Weiwei Cai, Chuang Cai, Liujun Li

Civil, Architectural and Environmental Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

Crack is the external expression form of potential safety risks in bridge construction. Currently, automatic detection and segmentation of bridge cracks remains the top priority of civil engineers. With the development of image segmentation techniques based on convolutional neural networks, new opportunities emerge in bridge crack detection. Traditional bridge crack detection methods are vulnerable to complex background and small cracks, which is difficult to achieve effective segmentation. This study presents a bridge crack segmentation method based on a densely connected U-Net network (BC-DUnet) with a background elimination module and cross-attention mechanism. First, a dense connected feature extraction model (DCFEM) integrating …

Influence Of Phosphorus Sources On The Compressive Strength And Microstructure Of Ferronickel Slag-Based Magnesium Phosphate Cement, Cuirong Yan, Hongyan Ma, Zhongqiu Luo, Xintao Zhou, Luxing Wang

Civil, Architectural and Environmental Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

Electric furnace ferronickel slag (EFS) is a typical magnesium-rich industrial by-product discharged from the manufacture of nickel and iron-nickel alloys. The approach to use it as the raw material for the preparation of magnesium phosphate cement (MPC) has potential and proves effec-tive. In this study, three different phosphorus sources (PS) including phosphoric acid (H3 PO4, PA), sodium dihydrogen phosphate (NaH2 PO4, SDP) and potassium dihydrogen phosphate (KH2 PO4, PDP) were used to react with EFS to prepare the EFS-based MPC (EMPC), and the effects of raw material mass ratio (EFS/PA, EFS/SDP, EFS/PDP) on the compressive strength, early hydration temperature and …

M&S Highlight: De Larrard Et Al. (1998) Fresh Concrete: A Herschel-Bulkley Material, Dimitri Feys

Civil, Architectural and Environmental Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

No abstract provided.

Understanding Effects Of Permafrost Degradation And Coastal Erosion On Civil Infrastructure In Arctic Coastal Villages: A Community Survey And Knowledge Co-Production, Min Liew, Ming Xiao, Louise Farquharson, Dmitry Nicolsky, Anne Jensen, Vladimir Romanovsky, Jana Peirce, Lilian Alessa, Christopher Mccomb, Xiong Zhang, Benjamin Jones

Civil, Architectural and Environmental Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

This paper presents the results of a community survey that was designed to better under-stand the effects of permafrost degradation and coastal erosion on civil infrastructure. Observations were collected from residents in four Arctic coastal communities: Point Lay, Wainwright, Utqiaġvik, and Kaktovik. All four communities are underlain by continuous ice-rich permafrost with varying degrees of degradation and coastal erosion. The types, locations, and periods of observed permafrost thaw and coastal erosion were elicited. Survey participants also reported the types of civil infrastructure being affected by permafrost degradation and coastal erosion and any damage to residential buildings. Most survey participants reported …

Spatiotemporal Analysis Of Urban Road Congestion During And Post Covid-19 Pandemic In Shanghai, China, Pengfei Xu, Weifeng Li, Xianbiao Hu, Hangbin Wu, Jian Li

Civil, Architectural and Environmental Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) has become one of the most serious global health crises in decades and tremendously influence the human mobility. Many residents changed their travel behavior during and after the pandemic, especially for a certain percentage of public transport users who chose to drive their owned vehicles. Thus, urban roadway congestion has been getting worse, and the spatiotemporal congestion patterns has changed significantly. Understanding spatiotemporal heterogeneity of urban roadway congestion during and post the pandemic is essential for mobility management. In this study, an analytical framework was proposed to investigate the spatiotemporal heterogeneity of urban roadway congestion in …

Revealing Bluff-Body Aerodynamics On Low-Rise Buildings Under Tornadic Winds Using Numerical Laboratory Tornado Simulator, Ryan Honerkamp, Guirong Grace Yan, John Van De Lindt

Civil, Architectural and Environmental Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

Tornadoes result in death and property loss in communities around the world. To quantify the actions of tornadoes on civil structures, researchers have built physical laboratory tornado simulators to simulate tornadoes in the lab environment and tested building models in the simulated tornadic wind field, which is similar to wind tunnel testing when quantifying the wind effects induced by straight-line winds. Unfortunately, physical tornado simulators are much less common than straight-line wind tunnels, leading to the lack of research on bluff-body aerodynamics on civil structures under tornadic winds. Considering that it is expensive to conduct experimental testing in physical tornado …

Simplified Analytical Model To Assess Key Factors Influenced By Fiber Alignment And Their Effect On Tensile Performance Of Uhpc, Le Teng, Huanghuang Huang, Kamal Khayat, Xiaojian Gao

Civil, Architectural and Environmental Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

The increase in single-fiber pullout strength usually improves tensile strength and toughness of UHPC. An increase in fiber orientation angle (θ) up to 45° to the direction of pullout load was found to enhance the single-fiber pullout strength. However, such increase in predominant θ value along tensile strength specimens led to a reduction in tensile strength of UHPC. In order to elucidate this controversial observation, analytical models combined with experiments were carried out to assess the key factors influencing the tensile properties of UHPC due to variations of fiber orientation. The test parameters involved the evaluation of the effect of …

Solving The Negative Earnings Dilemma Of Multistage Bidding In Public Construction And Infrastructure Projects: A Game Theory-Based Approach, Muaz O. Ahmed, Islam H. El-Adaway, Kalyn T. Coatney

Civil, Architectural and Environmental Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

With the tremendous increase in spending on public projects, contractors need to employ efficient and effective bidding strategies to cope with the competitive bidding environment. Usually, general contractors carry a portion of the work and subcontract other parts to eventually submit a holistic joint bid. This bidding setting is referred to as multistage bidding where subcontractors submit their quotations/bids to the general contractor, after which the general contractor submits a final joint bid for the whole project. In a multistage bidding environment, general contractors may be faced with an increase in the probability of negative or below normal profits. Despite …

A Case Study Of Community-Engaged Design: Creating Parametric Insurance To Meet The Safety Needs Of Fisherfolk In The Caribbean, Daniel B. Oerther

Civil, Architectural and Environmental Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

The creation of the Caribbean Ocean and Aquaculture Sustainability faciliTy (COAST) is used as a case study of community-engaged design addressing safety needs. COAST is a parametric insurance product, sold to national governments, which was designed to meet the food and nutrition security of small- and medium-scale fisherfolk. The design of COAST is an example of convergence research, where the discipline of engineering was integrated with another discipline to solve pressing societal needs of Caribbean fisherfolk. This case study demonstrates that community-engaged design helps to (1) identify and include historically underrepresented stakeholders, (2) emphasize the importance of professional responsibility for …

Five Key Points In The Ipcc Report On Climate Change Impacts And Adaptation, Lisa Schipper, Vanessa Castan Broto, Winston T. L. Chow

Research Collection College of Integrative Studies

The latest report from the UN’s Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) looks at the impacts, adaptation and vulnerabilities associated with the climate crisis, and we are three of the 270 scientists and researchers who wrote it. The document reports stark new findings on the way current global warming of 1.1℃ is impacting natural and human systems, and on how our ability to respond will be increasingly limited with every additional increment of warming.

Presas Efímeras Of New Mexico, José A. Rivera Ph.D.

Faculty Publications

The main title of this paper mimics a groundbreaking investigation by anthropologist Teresa Rojas Rabiela and ethnohistorian Ignacio Gutiérrez Ruvalcaba titled: Las presas efímeras mexicanas, del pasado y del presente (Ephemeral diversion dams of Mexico, past and present). Their study inspired the addition of counterpart cases from Nuevo México, a former Mexican province directly north of the Juarez-El Paso border. The work here describes the traditional dams of the northern Río Grande region and also serves as a guide to future research and the development of historic preservation projects. After introducing readers to Las presas efímeras mexicanas, …

Design, Dynamic Performance And Ecological Efficiency Of Fiber-Reinforced Mortars With Different Binder Systems: Ordinary Portland Cement, Limestone Calcined Clay Cement And Alkali-Activated Slag, Wu Jian Long, Zhuorui Wu, Kamal Khayat, Jingjie Wei, Biqin Dong, Feng Xing, Jinrui Zhang

Civil, Architectural and Environmental Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

The dynamic mechanical properties and ecological efficiency of cement-based composites are of vital importance to the development of green building materials and dynamic loadings resistance. In this study, the dynamic mechanical properties, ecological and economic efficiency of fiber-reinforced mortars (FRMs) made with different binder systems, including ordinary Portland cement (OPC), limestone calcined clay cement (LC3), and alkali-activated slag (AAS), were compared. In addition, different rheological parameters were designed to evaluate the dynamic mechanical properties of FRMs. The fiber pull-out testing, Barrett-Joyner-Halenda (BJH) testing, and scanning electron microscope (SEM) were used to reveal the difference in the dynamic mechanical properties of …

Ahp Based Multi Criteria Decision Analysis Of Success Factors To Enhance Decision Making In Infrastructure Construction Projects, Solomon Belay, James D. Goedert, Asregedew Woldesenbet, Saeed Rokooei

Durham School of Architectural Engineering and Construction: Faculty Publications

The study presents analytical data-based multi-criteria approach of critical success factors of infrastructure construction projects analyzed in the Ethiopian construction industry. This multi-criteria technique helps to improve the decision capabilities and ultimate performance of construction processes in various low-income countries of the East African region. The aim of this paper is to establish a logical relationship and interdependencies of success-related factors for enhancing decision making for various project teams and identify priorities while taking into account all known construction organizational constraints. A structured hierarchical matrix was developed based on a pre-identified success-related factors, and initially evaluated by experienced professionals as …

Vincent House: Artifact Inventory Sheets

Documentation

Vincent House Artifact Inventory Sheets from the Archaeological testing and salvage operations done at the Vinson Family House in Edgartown, Massachusetts in 1977.

Vincent House: A Proposal For Archaeological Testing And Salvage Operations At The Vinson Family House, Edgartown, Martha's Vineyard, Massachusetts

Documentation

Vinson House Archaeological Testing and Salvage Operations Proposal prepared for Anne Baker by Myron Stachiw. Dated July 8, 1977.

Dynamical Properties Of Environmental High-Performance Composites With Calcined Clay, Jingjie Wei, Wu Jian Long, Kamal Khayat, Biqin Dong, Liu Mei, Feng Xing

Civil, Architectural and Environmental Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

Concrete structures may be exposed to dynamic loadings within short periods such as earthquakes and vehicles load, resulting in substantial damage to human life and property because of the collapse of concrete structures. The research achievements on dynamic properties of high-performance composites with LC3 (HPC-LC3) are limited, although dynamic loadings are commonly encountered in infrastructure. The study aims to develop a new-green concrete product (HPC-LC3) with high dynamical properties and promote its mass use in a vibration service environment by investigating dynamical properties of HPC-LC3. Dynamical properties of structure can be promoted at material level by means of enhancing the …

Law School News: National Housing Advocate Named To Lead Rwu's New Real Estate Initiatives 02/08/2022, Roger Williams University School Of Law

Life of the Law School (1993- )

No abstract provided.

Vincent House: Baker Letter To C. Stuart Avery, December 29, 1978

Documentation

Concerning work to be completed on the Vincent House.

Vincent House: Newspaper Articles May - August 1977

Documentation

Photocopies of newspaper articles from May - August, 1977. No newspaper name given. Articles: Historic Preservation Society Will Restore Vincent House, One of the Vineyard's Oldest Houses, Dating Clues Are Sought, and Vinson House Move Planned for August: Work Begins

Characteristic Analysis Of The Built Environment Of Ferry Terminals: A Case Study Of Mokpo, South Korea, Hwayoung Kim, Jungyeon Choi, Yunwoo Nam, Jong-Hoon Youn

Community and Regional Planning Program: Faculty Scholarly and Creative Activity

Ferry terminals are an essential facility for those frequently commuting between islands or towns ashore. Therefore, it is crucial to ensure a smooth and efficient flow of passengers and vehicles while guaranteeing safety and convenience at the ferry terminal. This study investigates and evaluates the walking path environment and determines the passengers’ walkability and walking satisfaction of ferry terminals in Korea. As a case study, to measure the passenger’s overall perception and satisfaction of the built environment of the ferry terminal, we conducted an importance–performance analysis for two ferry terminals located in Mokpo city of Korea. The segments of the …

"Green Enough Ain't Good Enough:" Public Perceptions And Emotions Related To Green Infrastructure In Environmental Justice Communities, Mahbubur Meenar, Megan Heckert, Deepti Adlakha

Geography & Planning Faculty Publications

The concept of biophilic urban planning has inspired neighborhood greening projects in many older urban communities in the USA and beyond. The strengths (e.g., environmental management, biodiversity, heat island mitigation) and challenges (e.g., greenwashing, green gentrification) of such projects are well-documented. Additional research on the relationship between these projects and various social factors (e.g., public perceptions, feelings, and mental health and well-being) is necessary to better understand how people adapt to said projects while struggling to navigate other more pressing socioeconomic issues, especially in communities facing environmental injustice and health inequity. In this article, we focus on one aspect of …

Salem-Gateway Asset-Based Community Development, Portland State University. Center For Public Interest Design, Sergio Palleroni, Todd Ferry, Kaylyn Berry, Hannah Lopez, Danette Papke, Sean Silverstein

Center for Public Interest Design Projects

The Salem-Gateway project, developed by Community Development Partners (CDP), will address the community’s need for high-quality, affordable housing. The project aspires to support an intergenerational community for all ages (CFAA) and an intercultural community. The project will be a hub for residents and the broader Salem-Gateway community by providing a large community center with robust programming. The abundant green space provides outdoor amenities and recreational opportunities at the heart of the site, echoing a Central Park sentiment to be enjoyed by residents and surrounding neighbors.

As an initiative of the Center for Public Interest Design (CPID), this report aims to …

An Investigation Into The Causes Of Pedestrians' Walking Difficulties In Cairo Streets, Joy Magdy, Rania Rushdy Moussa, Usama Konbr

Architectural Engineering

This paper intends to focus on Cairo streets from the pedestrian-use perspective. It aims to explore and examine the factors that make Cairo streets better places for walking. Moreover, it intends to contribute to the limited qualitative research on walkable streets and pedestrians' walking experience, specifically in Cairo. In addition, it provides a conceptual framework for understanding the walkability of streets and the experience of pedestrians, built on both empirical field study and prevailing theoretical models reviewed in the literature. To closely examine the factors that determine Cairo streets to be walkable and therefore pedestrian-friendly, the research investigates the status …

Evaluating The Effect Of Adding Sugarcane Bagasse To The Fire Clay Brick's Properties, Rania Rushdy Moussa, Amany Micheal Dr.

Architectural Engineering

Due to the increase in population density, the waste and its by-products produced by industry, housing, and agriculture have increased. Waste accumulation causes several environmental problems and contaminates natural resources such as air, soil, and water. Moreover, it threatens human public health and increases the number of epidemics and medical pandemics. The percentage of organic waste increases daily. Almost 60% of the waste collected from the housing sector is organic waste, in addition to the agricultural wastes that are also considered organic waste. In developing countries, there are no clear waste management systems. The waste is poorly managed, it is …

Developing Mix Proportions For Class C Fly Ash-Based Alkali-Activated 3d-Printed Concrete Mixtures, Fareh Abudawaba, Eslam Gomaa, Ahmed Gheni, Mohamed Elgawady

Civil, Architectural and Environmental Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

This study investigated the use of class C fly ash (FA) as a precursor for alkali-activated mortar (AAM) for 3D-printed concrete (3DPC). AAMs with different water-to-FA (W/FA), alkaline activator-to-FA (Alk/FA), and sodium silicate-to-sodium hydroxide (SS/SH) ratios were examined to develop mixtures that can be tailored for different structural applications of 3DPC. The fresh properties, including extrudability and buildability, were evaluated through the open time (OT) and immediate deformation tests, respectively. Different cycle times (CTs) were applied to achieve a strain limit state necessary to maintain the printed shape. The strength of AAMs in different directions at different CTs was examined. …