Open Access. Powered by Scholars. Published by Universities.®

Architecture Commons™

Open Access. Powered by Scholars. Published by Universities.®

Journal

Discipline
Institution
Keyword
Publication Year
Publication
File Type

Articles 391 - 420 of 6101

Full-Text Articles in Architecture

Pluralism In Architecture, Wahda Shuker Al-Hinkawi Apr 2026

Pluralism In Architecture, Wahda Shuker Al-Hinkawi

Iraqi Journal of Architecture and Planning

When studying the concepts that form architecture through analyzing its results along the time, the tension of intellect between the spiritual and intellectual aspects arises.The human civilizations through the history was always attempting to alien between the spiritual and metaphysical research , and the pure scientific research considering the first as studying the mysterious pheno nena , while science deals with what is researchable subject to analysis which provides a concrete base for discussion as it offers clear facts that could be experimented and tested , because science demands from human beings to deal with the universe and the facts …

Go to article

Mechanisms For The Retrieval Of Meanings In Urban Renewal, Khales Hasan Al-Ashaab, Maysoun Mouhy Hlal Apr 2026

Mechanisms For The Retrieval Of Meanings In Urban Renewal, Khales Hasan Al-Ashaab, Maysoun Mouhy Hlal

Iraqi Journal of Architecture and Planning

The Urban strategies organized t}re materialism and formalism characteristicsof the urban fabric limiting types and distribution the activities. And the nature oftheuse despite the difference of nature ofthese strategies but they work away to:l - Limitate the size of the city and its expansion, for the aim ol decrease the costs ofsupply the services levels, to improving the administrative systems, and preventthe social disintegration by protecting the environmental and social characteristicsto it.2- To recognize the land use to ensure the environmental and functional ability, tocontrol the traffic and the main movement and its branchs. Commonly, the urbanstrategy declares on itself …

Go to article

Characteristics Of Urban Housing Units And Their Relation To The Economic And Social Characteristics Of Their Residents - A Field Study On The City Of Mosul, Mumtaz Hazim Aldauji Apr 2026

Characteristics Of Urban Housing Units And Their Relation To The Economic And Social Characteristics Of Their Residents - A Field Study On The City Of Mosul, Mumtaz Hazim Aldauji

Iraqi Journal of Architecture and Planning

Iraqi cities have a rapid growth in their urban area with explosive populationincrease. This growth is accompanied with advent of various residential pattems. Thephenomenon is conspicuously explicit in Mosul as the major urban center in the northregion of Iraq.The hypothesis which states that residential pattems -by means of their physicalfeatures and location within urban area- are correlated with the occupants'characteristics including demographic, socio-economic, ethnic, cultural . . etc. isadopted and to be tested in order to determine the nature and scope ofthis relationshipin Mosul.

Go to article

Specialty Of Concept "Creativity " In Architecture, Maysoon Safi Yaser Apr 2026

Specialty Of Concept "Creativity " In Architecture, Maysoon Safi Yaser

Iraqi Journal of Architecture and Planning

Architecture is one of the most effective changing methods in society. It's a cultural phenomena that reveal thoughts and believes of its society through its production. That production must have the power to introduce the unique, and which never been known. To achieve that is what could be named "Creativity". The object of this research is concerned with clarifying the concept "Creativity" in general, and its specialty in Architecture. The method which have been followed was by: l. Clarifying the concept in philosophy and linguistics theories because of itsinfluence on Architecture. 2. Clarifuing the concept in different theoretical attitudes and …

Go to article

The Relation Between Spatial Organization Of The City And Its Function, Wahda Shuker Al-Hinkawi Apr 2026

The Relation Between Spatial Organization Of The City And Its Function, Wahda Shuker Al-Hinkawi

Iraqi Journal of Architecture and Planning

The city , is one of the expanded and most complex systems that the human beings ever known, as it exist through continuous development and changing process through time. Each generation extends substitutes , re-arranges and adopts what it inherits before passing with to the new generation, therefore the city can be called ina moment of time as a group of dynamic processes more than being constant facts. The city is a product ofa large number of resolutions within its reality, having the small and large measurement to be connected with the social structures and ideological constructions of its occupant, …

Go to article

Preferences An Office In Commercial Administration, Khalil Ibrahim Ali, Oday Abbas Abood Apr 2026

Preferences An Office In Commercial Administration, Khalil Ibrahim Ali, Oday Abbas Abood

Iraqi Journal of Architecture and Planning

This speech resemble the Identity ofArchitecture. A task which makes busy the thinkersand educated class people in general and the Alchitectures in special, on a basic that theIdentity resembles thoughts which are as a kind of eagemess and retuming back for the pasttill the point of resembling, as to be an expression for its role to achieve Identity this researchdeals with through two axis the first relate in describing the dimension and sides ofthereferences in general sight and in Architecture in special sight. The research discusses theArchitecture through explaining the linguistic and Idiomatic dimensions the philosophicalside enlighten this reality and …

Go to article

Local Environment Analysis In Urban Design Studies, Adel Said Hadi Apr 2026

Local Environment Analysis In Urban Design Studies, Adel Said Hadi

Iraqi Journal of Architecture and Planning

The absence of clear understanding and awareness of local urban environmentanalysis and its impact on urban design studies, in addition to the influence ofnew westemarchitectural theories and ideas, had led to the problems ofcopying and repeating urbandesign solutions by some professional architects and students .This paper discusses the impact of local environmental analysis in preparing efficienturban design projects.It aimes at clarifying the importance of carrying out urban environment field studiesto bridge the gap between theory and practice in the urban design ideology.It presents a proposed methodology to diagnose environmental problems and to findpossible solutions in the urban design projects.

Go to article

The Design Concepts Of "Shanashel", And Its Effect On Functional And Environmental Performance, Saba Jabar Niema Apr 2026

The Design Concepts Of "Shanashel", And Its Effect On Functional And Environmental Performance, Saba Jabar Niema

Iraqi Journal of Architecture and Planning

The design concepts of uaditional architecture have had greet potentiality throughtime for all social and environmental needs of the place and its inhabitance.And the idea of analyzing their contents and meaning to understand their effects inarchitecture on it both sides (theory and practice), in order to adapt their beneficial parametersfor modem architecture is so important for environmental design.This research concems with one of the design concepts of the traditional houses in theold fabric of the city which is the (Shanashel), and discuses their geometrical configuration,formal look, and material effect to show its functional and environmental performance(climate and acoustics). And has …

Go to article

Comparative Features In Islamic Architecture, Kabila Fares Al-Maliki, Nadia Abdel-Majeed Al-Salam, Taghrid Zuhair Najib Al-Zubaidi Apr 2026

Comparative Features In Islamic Architecture, Kabila Fares Al-Maliki, Nadia Abdel-Majeed Al-Salam, Taghrid Zuhair Najib Al-Zubaidi

Iraqi Journal of Architecture and Planning

Most of the recent architectural studies direct?d towered the necessity of using the architectural characterization of the cultural inherited of the Islamic Architecture in the futurist designs, in away that unified the contemporary architecture with the historical roots.The contemporary architecture environment of the types and styles various in functions , forms and goals pushing on limitation of copying these types of traditional architectural elements , but trying to study and realize the cognitional meanings and using architectural solutions that had specific characterizations which connected with the theoretical believes which came from the cultural environment of the Islamic community in the …

Go to article

Evaluation Of The Metaphorical Image In Architecture : A Study Of The Elements Of A Good Metaphor In The Iraqi Cultural Environment, Ali Haidar Aljameel, Naam Behnam Minouna Apr 2026

Evaluation Of The Metaphorical Image In Architecture : A Study Of The Elements Of A Good Metaphor In The Iraqi Cultural Environment, Ali Haidar Aljameel, Naam Behnam Minouna

Iraqi Journal of Architecture and Planning

The metaphorical image represented in the architectural works was subjected toevaluation by different social sectors perceiving them in the society. Despite thediversity in the studies related to metaphorical image. In addition, the specialstandards forwarded for metaphorical image were dependent on selective formula asthey were conjugated with the cultural context to which the critic belongs giving suchinterpretations. These studies.could not formulate a theoretical framework comprisedcultural contexts. Its methodology concentrated ontheconstructionof atheoreticalframework, the isolation of the variables related its main aspects, the clarification ofits measurements and the performance of a selected field study which includes themain aspects of the evaluation process.This papers …

Go to article

Western And Arabic Islamic Architecture Discourse, Akram Jassim Alakkam Apr 2026

Western And Arabic Islamic Architecture Discourse, Akram Jassim Alakkam

Iraqi Journal of Architecture and Planning

Many literatures concentrated on the issue of architecture discourse which identified by thespace of conceptual thought that has essential characteristics based on knowledge foundations anddistinctive historical, cultural, religious, and social dimensions. These literatures pointed to westemarchitecture discourse elements and Arabic Islamic architecture discourse and cultural,environmental and doctrinal reference, But these literatures didn''t present clear comparative picturefor those discourses.

Go to article

Building The Measure Of The Coherence Of Space Organization As A Social Phenomenon, Bahjat Rashad Shahin, Wadah Abdu Lsaheb Al-Musouy Apr 2026

Building The Measure Of The Coherence Of Space Organization As A Social Phenomenon, Bahjat Rashad Shahin, Wadah Abdu Lsaheb Al-Musouy

Iraqi Journal of Architecture and Planning

The sequence of values and sociality labilies fill with meanings and sample, and itsreflects the nature ofreaotion between a man and nature, because man doesn't part his urbainand Social nature from each other.From that, we can considered the spatial organization as a social phenomena, becauseit's more than collecting spatials, but it's represent a social fact, it's an Expression oftheSocial behavior for persons and groups who live it.So in Spatial organization we can see the bond between each person, and we candinguses the Social relations, and we oan see the Social problem through it.And although of the previous studies and researches …

Go to article

The Theory And Its Reflection Research About The Theory Of Architecture, Asaad Yacoob, Oday Abbas Abood Apr 2026

The Theory And Its Reflection Research About The Theory Of Architecture, Asaad Yacoob, Oday Abbas Abood

Iraqi Journal of Architecture and Planning

The theoretical side is very important in Architecture because the Architecture in one of itsannouncements is just material acumilate which reflects a thoughtfut dimension to know moreabout effect and affect, we have to make clear the theoretical sides that reflects on and reflectsfrom it according to that theoretical dimension which takes it effects and its role in definingmore clear the image of Architecture in future. we have to explain exchanged effects andaffects between the Architecture and the theoretical side in the frame of a completedimensions for both ofthem the material and the theorical'.

Go to article

Displacement In Architecture An Analytical Study In Contemporary Mosques Design, Parizat Q. Hussein Fehmi Fehmi, Nada Khteer Al‐Nouaimi, Anwar Subhi Ramdan Al-Qaraghuli Apr 2026

Displacement In Architecture An Analytical Study In Contemporary Mosques Design, Parizat Q. Hussein Fehmi Fehmi, Nada Khteer Al‐Nouaimi, Anwar Subhi Ramdan Al-Qaraghuli

Iraqi Journal of Architecture and Planning

Previous architectural studies have presented new concems for contemporarydesign of mosques. These concems were raised on both academic and professionallevels. what is significant is to elaborate on special aspects of these concems, instead of limited understanding without it being comprehensive enough to utilizc the mentaland intellectual content in the local meliue.Displacement represents a major concern specially its relationship to conceptsand forms; and what the design process aims at to achieve uniqueness in expression. It is possible to enterprite unique qualities in ideas expressed architecturally as adisplacement of current types, which is founded on a deep design problem.This paper discusses displacement …

Go to article

Measurement Of Beauty In Architecture, Sahar Najeeb Karrufa Apr 2026

Measurement Of Beauty In Architecture, Sahar Najeeb Karrufa

Iraqi Journal of Architecture and Planning

Several years ago an attempt was made to measure the beauty of thearchitectural design. The objective was to prepare the design for evaluation by acomputer. It was found that such measurement was very complicated and requiresmuch more research. Several more attempts were made to fill in ih" gup. but the totalpicture remained unclear. This paper attempts to draw a map for futuri work.The object of beauty in architecture depends on content and form. Contentincludes function and symbol. But the subject is complicated by the fact that beauty issubjective and changes according to viewer, time, and place.

Go to article

The Technological Indicators Of The Relationship Between Structure And Form In Contemporary Interior Spaces, Akram Jassim Alakkam, Hazim Al-Tek, Rand Hazim Agha Apr 2026

The Technological Indicators Of The Relationship Between Structure And Form In Contemporary Interior Spaces, Akram Jassim Alakkam, Hazim Al-Tek, Rand Hazim Agha

Iraqi Journal of Architecture and Planning

Some studies concentrated on the technology subject in architecture and specificallybetween form and structure in contemporary interior space. It has hypothesized the influenceof technology on relationship between structure and form is structurally and meaningfully.But that studies hasn't explain the significance degree ofthat relationship indicators.The aim of the research is to explore the significance degree ofthe technologicalrelationship indicators between form and structue in contemporary interior spaces. Theresearch's hypothesis that the significance degree of the indicators are varied.In order to tackle the investigation problem, the research employ (28tb) interior spacesas research setting, and, (10'n) respondents. The data was gathered through checklist andthrough …

Go to article

Change Of The Aesthetical And Functional Meaning In Deconstractive And Post-Modern Architecture, Akram Jassim Alakkam, Ayad Ahmed Elhyti Apr 2026

Change Of The Aesthetical And Functional Meaning In Deconstractive And Post-Modern Architecture, Akram Jassim Alakkam, Ayad Ahmed Elhyti

Iraqi Journal of Architecture and Planning

Some studies focused on the meaning of function and aesthetics, and its' changingmechanism in contemporary architecture. These studies aimed to explore the changingfoundations of formal relationships, which leads to change meaning in contemporaryArchitecture. Some studies didn't explain the significance of changing values or the activitydegree that associated formal relationships.The aim ofthc research is to explore the significance values ofchanging esthetical andformal meaning indicators, and to explore the activity of formal relationships associating inbuilding structural foundation that changing eslhetical and functional meaning indeconstractivism and post modernism architecture.It was hypothesized the variation of structural and semantical foundations that changeesthetical meaning in deconstractivism …

Go to article

Development Of The Form And Meaning Relationship In Architecture, Akram Jassim Alakkam, Ayad Ahmed Elhyti Apr 2026

Development Of The Form And Meaning Relationship In Architecture, Akram Jassim Alakkam, Ayad Ahmed Elhyti

Iraqi Journal of Architecture and Planning

Many architectural literatures and studies emphasized on the relationship between Form and meaning. Ihat relationship varied through historical periods as a result of the natureof thinking changes reflecting specifically on that relationship. The research aims to verify the nature of relationship between form and meaning through historical and philosophical approaches in architecture. The research hypothesizedvariation of structural principles of that relationship To achieve the research's aim, It was subdivided into three parts. The first, historical dealt with a greek, gothic, romanesque, renaissance, and Baroque architecture, While the second part displayed the modern and contemporary architecture (post-modernsim and deconstractivism).

Go to article

The Effect Of The Geometrical Relations Of The Opera Spaces On The Acoustical Performance, Saba Jabar Al-Khafaji, Peter Khammu Mety, Sara Munther Al-Khoja Apr 2026

The Effect Of The Geometrical Relations Of The Opera Spaces On The Acoustical Performance, Saba Jabar Al-Khafaji, Peter Khammu Mety, Sara Munther Al-Khoja

Iraqi Journal of Architecture and Planning

The discuss which ,houses buildings-opera of type specific a about is study This that performs and audience the of space closed the in limits acoustics architectural of aspects  .rfonnance. acoustical the on effect great have that parameters geomeüical upon depend  acoustical the on spaces opera of relations geometrical the of effect the improve To  and hall of space conceming relations geometrical (6) obsetving by done wa,S performance  predict to used be could that formulas final extract to mathematically them testing and ,stage  the of efficiency the improve can which parameters acoustical important most the performance.

Go to article

Accumulization In Contemporary Architecture, Khalil Ibrahim Ali, Amaal Abdulhusein Al-Hejaj Apr 2026

Accumulization In Contemporary Architecture, Khalil Ibrahim Ali, Amaal Abdulhusein Al-Hejaj

Iraqi Journal of Architecture and Planning

Accumulization, in contemporary Architecture, gained significance during the last decadeof 20th century. It represents an attempt in changing the receiver imagination and to reinforcehis role in reading and interpreting an architectural text which contains multiple layers ofrepeat; condensation and differences to achieve cultural continuity'Accumulization has been used to mean intertextuality to link traditions in Post_ ModernArchitecture and what follows, after modernism had failed to utilize repetition, whichrepresent an archetype of accumulation.This paper deals, primarily, in Post- Modern and De- construction architecture, toexplore how these two movement had reacted to accumulation; though definingaccumulization, in order to establish framework, a set ofconclusions …

Go to article

Sources Of The Architectural Form And Its Specialization In Iraqi Architectural Education, Suha Haddan Aldahwia Apr 2026

Sources Of The Architectural Form And Its Specialization In Iraqi Architectural Education, Suha Haddan Aldahwia

Iraqi Journal of Architecture and Planning

Many studies have concentrated on form sources in architecture according to manylundamentals in classification, which have been graduated from generality to specialty ofsubject. They have consisted of: Iheories of fbrm ,design kinds . design constraints ,designconceptual ipproaches , sources belongation and degrec of common source which hasproduled many different sources according to these studiesTl.rese many approaches about architecture form sources and misunderstanding them in1.aqi architecturai-teachinghave led to appearance of the research problem (There is_ n^o clearidea about the nature ofdlpendent souries { from students} to drive the architectural form inlraqi architectural schools). The research objective is to define an comprehensive …

Go to article

The Morphology Of The City Of Jerusalem And The Israeli Strategies To Judaize The City, Muamal Alaaaldeen Ibrahim Apr 2026

The Morphology Of The City Of Jerusalem And The Israeli Strategies To Judaize The City, Muamal Alaaaldeen Ibrahim

Iraqi Journal of Architecture and Planning

The Jewish state worked swiftly and effectively to erase and deny the Arab and Islamic past of Jerusalem, giving it a Jewish character within strategic plans at the regional level, encompassing Greater Jerusalem and the Old City. The Arabs failed to develop any plan to counter the Zionist scheme, and most Arab studies and research addressing the topic were historical, descriptive, and selective. This research examines the planning principles and urban references of Jerusalem, comparing them with other Arab and Islamic cities to refute Zionist claims regarding the origins and historical context of the holy city. The study reveals a …

Go to article

Housing In Cost, Quality, Appearance Constraints, Ali Mohsen Jaafar Al-Khafaji Apr 2026

Housing In Cost, Quality, Appearance Constraints, Ali Mohsen Jaafar Al-Khafaji

Iraqi Journal of Architecture and Planning

A suitable and comfortable house is one of the main aims of man's life. Recently,many problems emerged in balancing many factors like cost, quality, appearance; particularlyin identiffing criteria that are related to this field. The objective of this research are concernedwith naming relevant criteria that are effected in perfonring low cost housing. Researchmethodology is locused on handling , identifying low cost criteria and analyzing theconstruction process in traditional building. The study condition is concern in providingvarious knouledge about reducing building rnaterials, tinre and cost ; also, increasingefficiency of housing rvithout neglecting aesthetical principles that effects the perfonrranceof low cost housing …

Go to article

Empirical Continuity Or Relational Secession, Hashim Adnan Al-Azzawi Apr 2026

Empirical Continuity Or Relational Secession, Hashim Adnan Al-Azzawi

Iraqi Journal of Architecture and Planning

Empiricism and Relationalism, the fl^,o main trends ofphilosophical thought each taking a different and contradictive stance towards the nature ofhuman knowledge resources and the data ofthe explicit and implicit facts ofthe uorld. These trvo trends continue to have a mutual effect, either individually or together on the role ofexperience or reason in interpreting the relationship between these facts and the absolute truth. This paper aims to clarifi and diagnose the differential components ofthe notions of continuity and secession in each of the previous trends leading to clarify the Arab-Islamic thought which is based upon the notions ofcontinuity and secession, and …

Go to article

Simple Method For Achieving The Balance Between Design And Clidieatic Requirements, Miqdad Haidar Al-Jawadi, Younis Saleem Apr 2026

Simple Method For Achieving The Balance Between Design And Clidieatic Requirements, Miqdad Haidar Al-Jawadi, Younis Saleem

Iraqi Journal of Architecture and Planning

In this paper simple method were presented to assist architect to be closer and suitable inhis design to the climate of Iraq.For that reference models presented and given as a guide, so that as much as his design becloser to the basis of the design of the model. his design become more efficient from climaticpoint of view.In this stage the presented reference models are not the ideal models, but they can beconsidered as a possible level of design could be achieved by ordinary designers. Architectsqualified in climatic design do not need to have reference models.

Go to article

Corner Joint In Architecture Basic Concepts, Atef Muharb Al-Sauhairy Apr 2026

Corner Joint In Architecture Basic Concepts, Atef Muharb Al-Sauhairy

Iraqi Journal of Architecture and Planning

It can be said that any human creation, including architecture, requires two complementary types of action: theoretical action and practical action. The former represents ideas and feelings, while the latter represents the ability to materially embody these ideas. The dialectical relationship between them is one of the foundations of architectural development and, at any level, represents the "joint." There are several levels of joints in architecture, and this research focuses on identifying the dimensions and levels of the corner joint. The topic is approached through an inductive study aimed at establishing the fundamental concepts for dealing with this joint. As …

Go to article

The Effect Of Design Treatments Of Building Barriers On Providing Visual Blocking In Residential Homes, Miqdad Haidar Al-Jawadi, Adeeb Noori Apr 2026

The Effect Of Design Treatments Of Building Barriers On Providing Visual Blocking In Residential Homes, Miqdad Haidar Al-Jawadi, Adeeb Noori

Iraqi Journal of Architecture and Planning

Many modern residential buildings lack visual barriers between their interior spaces to provide privacy, such as those created by doors and other openings. This is due to a lack of consideration for the placement of these openings. This research aims to explore design treatments that enhance visual barriers between spaces. Visual barriers are understood through visual connection and lack of visual connection, according to the research concept. The study examines several residential building plans of different styles and identifies the elements of visual barriers within these buildings. The degree of visual barrier for each architectural design treatment is measured by …

Go to article

The Communicative Act In Architecture, Muamal Alaaaldeen Ibrahim, Salah Al.Deen Yaseen Apr 2026

The Communicative Act In Architecture, Muamal Alaaaldeen Ibrahim, Salah Al.Deen Yaseen

Iraqi Journal of Architecture and Planning

The pleasure of architecture does not result from the absence of its laws, but rather from breaking them. One must realize that language is not a rigid material like stone. It is a human invention, and therefore it is charged with the cultural heritage of cultural groups, but it is only built through difference... The recent period has witnessed clear changes in thought and the expressive languages ​​that embody it towards building new ways of understanding and communication among humanity. Several philosophical approaches have emerged that focused on the revolution of difference in the structure of their philosophical discourse, including …

Go to article

The Impact Of The Change Structural, Muamal Alaaaldeen Ibrahim, Badeaa Ali Mohammed Apr 2026

The Impact Of The Change Structural, Muamal Alaaaldeen Ibrahim, Badeaa Ali Mohammed

Iraqi Journal of Architecture and Planning

Architecture, like language, aims to convey meaning, and since no meaning comes out of it as a system, change becomes an inherent characteristic of it as one of the most important characteristics of any system... and from that, architecture changes from one period to another and its meaning changes. Events of change in architecture are associated with giving a role to the recipient in interpreting it, as its change simulates his intellectual ability when the mind is surprised by an architecture whose characteristics are not known in advance, which makes the recipient a participant of the creator in the process …

Go to article

Ferrocement Structural Elements In Building/Housing Applications, Wail N. Al-Rifaie Apr 2026

Ferrocement Structural Elements In Building/Housing Applications, Wail N. Al-Rifaie

Iraqi Journal of Architecture and Planning

The use of ferrocement in pre-fabrication of building/housing offers numerous advantages in temrs oflightness ofrveight and ease ofhandling. low labour cost and a durable material requiring little maintenance.A considerable amount of laboratory testing research and prototype constructions have been completed at the Building and Construction Eng. Dept. of University of Technology for the production of ferrocement members that would be used in the roof/floor/wall of building/housing. The present .paper describes the applications of ferrocement to housing/building constructions.

Go to article

First Prev Next Last