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Articles 241 - 270 of 6029

Full-Text Articles in Architecture

The Effect Of Sur On Zubair City Form, Khalil Ibrahim Ali, Ali Mosa, Lina Hato Alloush Apr 2026

The Effect Of Sur On Zubair City Form, Khalil Ibrahim Ali, Ali Mosa, Lina Hato Alloush

Iraqi Journal of Architecture and Planning

Most available studies lacked an understanding of the architectural aspects of zubair as a city; especial with relevance to the role of the sur (fortification) on the city form and how it had conserved this form. This study tries to follow up the formal transformation in planning, land use, and Urban life, To understand the role of thesur which was erroded through various stages of its history, the location and the geometry of this sur must be determined depending on up to date techniques. previous descriptive studies were analysed in compares on to other for tified cities With an emphasis …

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The Role Of Shape Grammar In Analyzing Architectural Compostion [A Study In The Arab-Islamic Palaces], Asmaa M. H. Al- Moqaram Apr 2026

The Role Of Shape Grammar In Analyzing Architectural Compostion [A Study In The Arab-Islamic Palaces], Asmaa M. H. Al- Moqaram

Iraqi Journal of Architecture and Planning

The shape grammar technique appeared in the seventies of the last century at different levels of knowledge. The application of the technique in architecture focused on two main goals، which have become as approaches: the first is the analytical one[reading and analyzing the architectural antecedent and explore their languages and using them in future designs]، the second is the original designs،[producing novel designs]. Most of researches lacked to clarify the sufficient aspects relating to shape grammar especially the analytical methods with regard of Islamic architecture ، the research problem concentrated on this as stipulated [Lack of sufficient visualization of the …

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The Impact Of Laws And Regulations In Urban Land Management And Urban Baghdad - A Case Study, Hadeel Mowaffaq Mahmood Apr 2026

The Impact Of Laws And Regulations In Urban Land Management And Urban Baghdad - A Case Study, Hadeel Mowaffaq Mahmood

Iraqi Journal of Architecture and Planning

To business management and operational control of reconstruction in the city of Baghdad, carried out through the legislative system consists of a set of laws, regulations and decisions issued by the various destinations and on successive phases, these laws had a direct impact on urban land use and urban development.And urban planning has a number of dimensions, including the legal dimension and the dimension of administrative and executive Urban in Iraq is subject to a number of dimensions by the departments and bodies and institutions is determined by regulations and the laws of multiple and conflicting with each other often, …

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Sustainability Of Infrastructure For Iraqi City Analytical Study For Baghdad City, Shaimaa Mutashar Hamza Apr 2026

Sustainability Of Infrastructure For Iraqi City Analytical Study For Baghdad City, Shaimaa Mutashar Hamza

Iraqi Journal of Architecture and Planning

The infrastructure is an important element in the growth and development of the city;they determine the city optimum size.When the city's infrastructure is efficient the city is efficient, and competitive with other cities, and linked with modern information systems. The infrastructure system of the city, mainly overlap with each other to provide a better human life, so the city must be efficient economically and socially integrated. Environmentally must be capable to protect itself. The concepts of sustainability have many dimensions ,economic, social, and environmental their purpose the human being.Sustainability have emerged in many fields, including infrastructure and relied on the …

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The Effect Quantitative Transformation In The Products Of Local Architecture, Asma Niazy Taher, Jameelah Abdul-Kareem Luaibi Apr 2026

The Effect Quantitative Transformation In The Products Of Local Architecture, Asma Niazy Taher, Jameelah Abdul-Kareem Luaibi

Iraqi Journal of Architecture and Planning

The concept of time is clearly in the architecture , but the elements of time alone is not enough to get into the production architect , so came this research in order to clarify the relationship shifts architectural -time in the local architecture , which are either as or Kiva but will be here to emphasize time quantitative exclusively as part of propositions lexical and scientific , philosophical and artistic as well as architectural and then be described within the transformations timetable in local architecture , hence emerged the research problem of the " there was a lack a knowledge …

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The Effect Of Religious Monuments In The Plan Of The Arabianislamic City Samarra City – Case Study, Asma Niazy Taher, Mahdi Saleh A.H. Al-Ataabi, Zaid Mohammed Al-Abbasi Apr 2026

The Effect Of Religious Monuments In The Plan Of The Arabianislamic City Samarra City – Case Study, Asma Niazy Taher, Mahdi Saleh A.H. Al-Ataabi, Zaid Mohammed Al-Abbasi

Iraqi Journal of Architecture and Planning

Religious monument is considered as one of the most distinguished elements which form one of the components of architectural structure, religious monument’s importance stands out from the religious affiliation of the city’s people (Spiritual affiliation). Also considered one of the distinguished architectural elements and recognized architectural identity, which have drawn the mental image for the formation of religious cities in people’s memory. The research depends on studying the plans of the religious cities specifically the Arabian Islamic cities; for its religious importance and the clearness of the religious factor’s impact in its creation and planning, and from reviewing the previous …

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Architecture Design Methods According To Advance Human's Intellect & Technology, Ahmed Talib Hameed Haddad Apr 2026

Architecture Design Methods According To Advance Human's Intellect & Technology, Ahmed Talib Hameed Haddad

Iraqi Journal of Architecture and Planning

This paper explain design method as a ring or relationship link between theory and applied , and it discuss the important developments in the field of architectural design methods according to advance human's intellect & his technology ; firstly from intuition thinking ( according to try and error ) to the industrial revolution that is followed mathematical and rational limitation thinking , and this thought go directly to un-limitation thinking that’s followed new scientific revolution , and it is arrive to contemporary digital revolution . Beside this that paper search for a development relationship between architectural form and architectural design …

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Thermal Effect Of External Cladding Materials On The Microclimate In Urban Environment, Miqdad Haidar Al-Jawadi, Ahmed Hani Rasheed Al-Tamim Apr 2026

Thermal Effect Of External Cladding Materials On The Microclimate In Urban Environment, Miqdad Haidar Al-Jawadi, Ahmed Hani Rasheed Al-Tamim

Iraqi Journal of Architecture and Planning

It has been found recently, that many architects are using new imported materials for external cladding, which might cause an increase in air temperature of the urban environment, and creating new microclimate thermally differ from other places according to the type of cladding materials used on building façade , especially in commercial streets, which is believed that most people feels changes in thermal difference in commercial streets more than the difference in residential districts, where people are usually indoors. So due to the lack of information about the effect of such material on urban environment, the paper aimed to contribute …

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Moving Architecture The Impact Of Position Movement Of Architectureon The Recipient, Basim Hasan Al Majid, Mariam Mohmmedaltaee Apr 2026

Moving Architecture The Impact Of Position Movement Of Architectureon The Recipient, Basim Hasan Al Majid, Mariam Mohmmedaltaee

Iraqi Journal of Architecture and Planning

The moveable building is considered to be one of the most recent productions of the era which is related to the concepts of the benefit, beautyand the technique. These concepts have great impact on the movement of society and human being through his awareness to his recent needs that are changing through the time, which effect the role of techniques that related to the humans services through spotlighting the relationship between these effects from one side and the human from the other side to get anew architectural product represented through the moveable building. This product interacts with the humans existance …

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Effect Of Virtual Reality Technology On The Accomplishment Of The Natural Self-Existing In Virtual Interior Space, Ibrahim Jawad Kadhim Al-Yousif, Zahra Mohamed Mosa Apr 2026

Effect Of Virtual Reality Technology On The Accomplishment Of The Natural Self-Existing In Virtual Interior Space, Ibrahim Jawad Kadhim Al-Yousif, Zahra Mohamed Mosa

Iraqi Journal of Architecture and Planning

Due to the major technological development happened in the last 20 years, technology had great role in changing the architectural constants and classifying its priorities. Many studies focused on technology notion and its application in architecture. But they did not focus on the rule of technology to realize Human reliance on internal and external spaces in which the people spend most of their time in.The information technology with its developments has great impact on actions & behaviors of human beings. Here the research idea in “Lack of sufficient scientific knowledge about the impact of technology of virtual reality to achieve …

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Revivalist Translation In Contemporary Arabic Architecture, Suha Haddan Aldahwia, Marwa Munther Sameen Apr 2026

Revivalist Translation In Contemporary Arabic Architecture, Suha Haddan Aldahwia, Marwa Munther Sameen

Iraqi Journal of Architecture and Planning

Translation lead in general a prominent role to transfer different sciences , knowledge and cultures, particularly in keeping up with scientific and literary developments. Because of the importance of translation and its relationship to architecture led to the identification of general axis of the research, which represents the “Employment translation in architecture”. The research discussed the previous Architectural Studies that related to concept of translation and show that there was a difference in dealing with the translation of various movements in architecture, and the appearance of several employments can be identified with differences, pluralism, revivalism, interpretation, paradox, then the research …

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The Effect Of Urban Street Planting On Improving The Climate Of Baghdad City, Miqdad Haidar Al-Jawadi, Ali Hussain Al-Bayati Apr 2026

The Effect Of Urban Street Planting On Improving The Climate Of Baghdad City, Miqdad Haidar Al-Jawadi, Ali Hussain Al-Bayati

Iraqi Journal of Architecture and Planning

The aim of this research is to study the effect of tree planting on the reduction of thermal load of solar radiation falling on the area of Baghdad city and its contribution to weather treatments; since the temperature of green mass of trees is less than the human body and higher than air temperature in winter, so one expects condense tree plantation and foliage may participate in reducing air temperature in summer and could make the climate of the city to approach near the human temperature comfort limits .The impetus to encourage the authors to undertake the research is the …

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Interchanging Interaction Between Heritage And Technical In The Local Architectural Practice: An Empirical Study Of The Heritage Elements In Baghdad, Rana Mazin, Enas Salim Apr 2026

Interchanging Interaction Between Heritage And Technical In The Local Architectural Practice: An Empirical Study Of The Heritage Elements In Baghdad, Rana Mazin, Enas Salim

Iraqi Journal of Architecture and Planning

An architectural local practice facing a crisis associated with losing the local intermediated feature for local heritage and rapid development, which is a feature of the current era. The research focuses on the case of intermediation in expression between heritage privacy (as it cannot be denied the whole heritage or accept the whole) and the expression of the spirit of the times and new techniques to ensure the continuity of architectural output achieved in time and space thus The research problem absented of equilibrium expressionist architectural output arises between the ancient and the modern..Proceeding from the need Establishment the successes …

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Developing Green Infrastructure For Baghdad City, Najeel Kamal Abdul Razzaq, Mayasa Farkad Abdul Raheem Apr 2026

Developing Green Infrastructure For Baghdad City, Najeel Kamal Abdul Razzaq, Mayasa Farkad Abdul Raheem

Iraqi Journal of Architecture and Planning

The public green spaces in Baghdad city have an obvious shortage and doesn’t fulfill and meet the needs of the population and the required open space criteria, moreover these green spaces are disjointed, disconnected and does not function as a unified system, that is why it suffers from neglect which contributes to deterioration of the city’s environment and increasing air pollution. Human beings depended on nature into providing clean air and good health, with the growth of the population and the urban areas, there has been negative influence on the natural environmental system. A new term lately appeared “Green Infrastructure”especially …

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Effectiveness Of Sustainable Urban Projects In The City Of Baghdad A Comparative Study Of Sustainable Development Projects In Adhamiya And Kadhimiya District, Wadhah Abdul Sahib Hussein, Zaynab Radi Abaas Apr 2026

Effectiveness Of Sustainable Urban Projects In The City Of Baghdad A Comparative Study Of Sustainable Development Projects In Adhamiya And Kadhimiya District, Wadhah Abdul Sahib Hussein, Zaynab Radi Abaas

Iraqi Journal of Architecture and Planning

This research comes in an attempt to evaluate and compare between the efficiency of a selected sustainable urban projects from Baghdad city (Al Adhamiya and Al Kadhimiya areas) through applying the criteria ofurban sustainability and compared using SWOT analyses model(represents one strong word: S = strengths, W = weaknesses, O = opportunities, T = threats.), this done by examine the most important strategies which targeted to extrapolate the urban form as a vital sustainable structure, and has become a standard which could measure and evaluate the impact of the application for sustainable criteria. These strategies know as Smart Growth Strategies …

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Minarets Of Baghdad: Monuments Of Architectural Identity, Hassan Mahmood Haj Kasim Apr 2026

Minarets Of Baghdad: Monuments Of Architectural Identity, Hassan Mahmood Haj Kasim

Iraqi Journal of Architecture and Planning

Minarets are distinctive architectural elements which defines the architectural identity of the Islamic cities both old and new through its vertical appearance ... The skyline of Baghdad -as one of the oldest Islamic capitals – is distinguished by set of minarets dating back to different eras ... These minarets seem as important elements that determine the place identity of Baghdad in drawings and photographs of foreign travelers ... The heritage minarets of Baghdad had architectural features that distinguish it from other minarets of other Islamic cities, despite the succession of periods and foreign influences. In the modern era, many minarets …

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Policies To Develop Transportation Systems: Alawi Region In Baghdad City, Nasma Maan M., Assda Abdulhamed A., Basma Abdulnafi S. Apr 2026

Policies To Develop Transportation Systems: Alawi Region In Baghdad City, Nasma Maan M., Assda Abdulhamed A., Basma Abdulnafi S.

Iraqi Journal of Architecture and Planning

Al-Alawi region is the most important transportation center of Al- Karkh district in the city of Baghdad, its importance to this district the same as the beating heart for the human body, where it has a number of privileges including association of all axes destinations movement that lead to important government institutions, such as building of the Iraqi Museum, the train station, government buildings and others. Many inside transportation vehicles move out and back to this center as well the external transportation vehicles do, either to the northern, southern, eastern and western sides of Iraq, or to the outskirts of …

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Sound Environment Of Cities: A Comparison Study For Sound Environment Between Modern And Traditional Urban Fabric In Baghdad City, Susan Abd Hassan Apr 2026

Sound Environment Of Cities: A Comparison Study For Sound Environment Between Modern And Traditional Urban Fabric In Baghdad City, Susan Abd Hassan

Iraqi Journal of Architecture and Planning

The sound environment in the Traditional Baghdad city specified with sound elements and relationships between sounds that define human sound environment, and had the greatest impact where natural sounds as human voice, animal and natural sound in addition to the voices of the traditional industries and the old means of transportation.The Recent changes in the traditional urban fabric that accompanied with the requirements of contemporary life. Of transportation, machinery and various industries affected in the structure of the traditional Baghdad urban fabric and Incision straight roads to the movement of vehicles and concentration height buildings on both sides of these …

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The Application Of Fengshuiin The Design Of Contemporary Architecture And Its Environment, Areej Kareem Al-Sadkhan, Lena Auday Hatem Apr 2026

The Application Of Fengshuiin The Design Of Contemporary Architecture And Its Environment, Areej Kareem Al-Sadkhan, Lena Auday Hatem

Iraqi Journal of Architecture and Planning

This research discuss a scientific vision about the natural components of the environment and its effect on the urban environment and human in particular, all this will be discussed within the framework of an ancient discipline known in China as the art to determine the best conditions for the construction of buildings or development of cities, called "FengShui".It is a practical technique, designed to find the right place, good direction, good shape, good proportion and good arrangement for designing the best environment in which to live. "FengShui" is a mean of assessing the environment and provides the techniques for local …

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Urban Integration Of Historic Centers: Analytical Study Of The Factors Of Urban Integration At Al-Karkh Historic Center, Ibrahim Jawad Kadhim Al-Yousif, Mohammed Mahdi Hussein Apr 2026

Urban Integration Of Historic Centers: Analytical Study Of The Factors Of Urban Integration At Al-Karkh Historic Center, Ibrahim Jawad Kadhim Al-Yousif, Mohammed Mahdi Hussein

Iraqi Journal of Architecture and Planning

Historic centers are considered one of the tangible forms of civilization in terms of depicting the extensions of the past. They form one of the intensively proposed controversies in the modern field in regard to the possibility of dealing with them, the objectives of development and conserving them as they represent the merge of the old and the new. This is manifested in the merger of contradictions and the changing value resulting from urban interference in order to link the historic centers with other parts of the city through linear streets that penetrate its urban structure and divide its urban …

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Cave System Technique As One Of The Most Important Applications Of Virtual Reality In Architecture, Aula Muhammed Abd Alkareem, Younis Saleem Apr 2026

Cave System Technique As One Of The Most Important Applications Of Virtual Reality In Architecture, Aula Muhammed Abd Alkareem, Younis Saleem

Iraqi Journal of Architecture and Planning

Virtual reality technology is the most important techniques reached by the technological revolution in the last decades of the twentieth century. It had a significant impact in various fields of life, especially in the field of architecture through the presentation and realizing the product of architecture, The improve in technology and virtual reality techniques, including CAVE system was depend on how to understand the third dimension of space and sense of it. So it was necessary to keep pace with this development locally in Iraq and try to show its impact on this evolution in the perception of space and …

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The Effect Of Teaching Technologies Used In Theories Of Architecture Lectures In Students' Performance Mosul University As A Model, Rana Mahfooth, Niam B. Mannona, Ali H. Al-Jameel Apr 2026

The Effect Of Teaching Technologies Used In Theories Of Architecture Lectures In Students' Performance Mosul University As A Model, Rana Mahfooth, Niam B. Mannona, Ali H. Al-Jameel

Iraqi Journal of Architecture and Planning

Recently, educational technologies have become an important issue thanks to the vast developments in the fields of information and digital technologies as new means were introduced to become essential parts of teaching methods. Because of their role in promoting education in general and the architectural education specifically, as they are new means for introducing knowledge in the theoretical lectures to accelerate the process of learning, it seems essential to provides scientific knowledge about their efficiency intended educational goals. On the other hand, Theories of Architecture is one of the principal lectures in architectural schools as the knowledge introduced in them …

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Consumption In Architecture(Study In The Formulas For Dealing With Consumption In The Local Architecture), Ibrahim Jawad Kadhim Al-Yousif, Ahmed Salem Khalaf Apr 2026

Consumption In Architecture(Study In The Formulas For Dealing With Consumption In The Local Architecture), Ibrahim Jawad Kadhim Al-Yousif, Ahmed Salem Khalaf

Iraqi Journal of Architecture and Planning

Architectural trends and their developments witnessed new ideas at many levels; one of these ideas is known as consumption, which is one of the new themes in an old concept and in its presence, which takes place effective today in the field of architecture. And plays a role in changing the architectural constants targets, and plays a role in changing the architectural constants targets, or classification of priorities. Every body tries to search for new and evolving architecture through what is available has advanced technological methods. This will be directed Search, make the process of change and evolution in architecture …

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The Effect Of Spatial And Visual Configuration Of Museums In The Formation Of Visiting Patterns. (A Comparative Study Between Iraqi And International Museum Buildings), Miqdam A. M. Alkurukchi Apr 2026

The Effect Of Spatial And Visual Configuration Of Museums In The Formation Of Visiting Patterns. (A Comparative Study Between Iraqi And International Museum Buildings), Miqdam A. M. Alkurukchi

Iraqi Journal of Architecture and Planning

Museums add cultural and social values to their societies, by transferring knowledge to the visitors through their exhibits. Accordingly, movement/visibility relation is considered as a crucial aspect in explaining spatial manners of museums, and direct operator in the formation of visiting patterns. The relation between both faces of museum's spatial configuration (movement axes, and visibility network), represents phenomena that lacks adequate research endeavors, despite its importance in the formation of visiting experiment patterns. Accordingly, the study aims to explain this relation. Using the comparative analysis methodology between Iraqi and international museum buildings. The results show full coincidence of the most …

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Wall Between The Structure Of The Intent And Mechanics Of Writing In Architecture, Abdullah Saadoon Salman Almaamoori, Abbas Ali Hamza Al Greiza, Laheib Ali Abdulhussain Al-Sayigh Apr 2026

Wall Between The Structure Of The Intent And Mechanics Of Writing In Architecture, Abdullah Saadoon Salman Almaamoori, Abbas Ali Hamza Al Greiza, Laheib Ali Abdulhussain Al-Sayigh

Iraqi Journal of Architecture and Planning

The current search trying to study deeply the semantic relations generated from the adoption of mechanisms written with a certain intent on the board (the wall), as a means of displaying architectural text which is of semantically cumulative as it described as a traces .Where the Architected text is the writing about a topic not attaching pictures of the past and heritage. To establish by the search the structure of conceptual and assume to that a wall is not physically dividing line between inside and outside of the space but dialogue bridge between the designer and his intellectual reference at …

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Fractal Rhythm In Local Architectural Facades, Enas Salim, Venus S.A. Zangana Apr 2026

Fractal Rhythm In Local Architectural Facades, Enas Salim, Venus S.A. Zangana

Iraqi Journal of Architecture and Planning

The research focuses on local architectural facades in Baghdad and the chaos and confusion ,Loosing the balance and order that these facades suffered from, due to random and irresponsible architectural practices, with the emergence of the idea of fractional rhythm as a regulatory tool achieves that exciting balance back between the extremes (contextual and disorder), the research problem has Defined that there is no study diagnosed this confusion and anarchy in local architectural facades in Baghdad based on the idea of fractional rhythm, on that base the research's goal is to Identify practical procedures to reach to facades with fractional …

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Cort Program After Use In The Development Of Creative Thinking For Students Of Architecture, Sura Kassim Apr 2026

Cort Program After Use In The Development Of Creative Thinking For Students Of Architecture, Sura Kassim

Iraqi Journal of Architecture and Planning

Meditator notes the reality of contemporary Arab architecture in general and Iraq in particular, the absence of systematic rules of the Organization, it has become theoretically and practically the scene of a mixture of perceptions and visions of "individual" case resulting from the intellectual, cultural and social conditions. The observation of the reality of architectural education and academic in general, manifested the need to review a comprehensive methodology at the level of principles and rules. So the idea of the research problem, which is summarized (the development of creative thinking skills among students in architecture using CORT) The aims of …

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Green Architecture As Continuous Phenomena, Rana Mazin, Zainab Hussein Rauof Apr 2026

Green Architecture As Continuous Phenomena, Rana Mazin, Zainab Hussein Rauof

Iraqi Journal of Architecture and Planning

Architects today interest about "Green architecture as continuous phenomena" deals with problems today throw haring so many system treat this problems. So this research is attempt to study both conceptual and practical levels for green architecture to significant its style. So research problem represented by (there was no image about what considers make green architecture as continuous phenomena). So the research goal is (significant the considers which makes green architecture as continuous phenomena) the hypotheses of research is (Green architecture in its conceptual and practical level has some and vocabulary with confirm green architecture as continuous phenomena).

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The Impact Of Angle Tilted Glass Panels On Solar Energy Gained In Different Buildings Function, Rawaa Fawzi Naom Abbawi, Younis Saleem Apr 2026

The Impact Of Angle Tilted Glass Panels On Solar Energy Gained In Different Buildings Function, Rawaa Fawzi Naom Abbawi, Younis Saleem

Iraqi Journal of Architecture and Planning

Tilted of glass panels of windows is one of the solutions to reduce the solar energy gain depending on the angle of solar radiation and transmittance of glass panel. The variance of hour's usage of the different functional spaces (residential, administrative, and educational), requires different treatment due to the different amount of energy gain. This determined the research problem as: the absence of a clear vision about tilted of windows glass panels and its impact on solar energy for different buildings. The research aim is to determine the appropriate tilted of glass panels of windows according to the period of …

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The Effect Of Landscape In Sustainability Of Schools, Sanaa Sati Abbas, Aseel Jafer Jasem Apr 2026

The Effect Of Landscape In Sustainability Of Schools, Sanaa Sati Abbas, Aseel Jafer Jasem

Iraqi Journal of Architecture and Planning

The landscape in sustainable schools acquires great importance in the knowledge era, which is of essential development. This era deals with the components of educational system, concentrates on the educator, transfers teacher from the impart teacher to a trainer teacher, and ensure on selfeducation activity to achieve the aim of modern education, which visualize by sustainable teaching or teaching to the sake of sustainable development. Therefore, it is necessary to adopt the Environment school with the new educational needs, which ask to the development of the relationship between teachers and students and the openness on outdoor environment. So the aim …

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