Architecture Commons^™

Building For Safety: Design Considerations For Refuge Areas In Tall Buildings From Quality Management Perspective, Enass. A. Salama, Heba. M. Gaber, Ahmed. M. Selim

Journal of Engineering Research

New El Alamein City is one of the largest urban projects in Egypt, and the largest project on the north coast. Tall buildings (super high-rise buildings) are considered the prevailing trend by architectural designers to obtain the maximum view of the Mediterranean Sea. The provision of safety evacuation in emergencies for these buildings’ occupants is a crucial challenge from the Quality management point of view. In contrast, there are no sufficient architectural design guidelines for the tall buildings provided by the Egyptian code for protecting buildings from fire, especially the design of the refuge areas. This study aims to investigate …

Effect Of Organic Compounds Additives For Biodiesel Fuel Blends On Diesel Engine Vibrations And Noise Characteristics, Medhat Elkelawy Prof. Dr, Eng., Hagar Alm-Eldin Bastawissi Prof. Dr. Eng., E. A. El Shenawy Prof. Dr., Mahmoud Soliman Eng.

Journal of Engineering Research

The extensive consumption of petroleum fuel directly correlates with both hazardous exhaust emissions affecting human health and contributing to global warming. Initially, biodiesel fuels were proposed as a viable alternative to address these issues. This perspective finds support in numerous published studies that highlight how the significant catalytic effect of nanoparticles allows for their integration into biodiesel blends, resulting in improved combustion characteristics, reduced exhaust emissions, and enhanced performance. This study investigates the impact of additives on biodiesel fuel properties and its effects on engine performance metrics such as brake power, brake thermal efficiency, exhaust gas concentration, engine vibration, and …

Investigation Into The Impact Of Ammonia Hydroxide On Performance And Emissions In Compression Ignition Engines Utilizing Diesel/Biodiesel Blends, Medhat Elkelawy Prof. Dr, Eng., Hagar Alm-Eldin Bastawissi, Mohammed Osama Elsamadony Dr. Eng., Abdallah Salem Abdalhadi

Journal of Engineering Research

In recent times, there has been a surge in scientific endeavors aimed at combating global warming. Various methods have been employed to address this issue, including the substitution of fossil fuels with more environmentally sustainable alternatives and the combination of different fuel types. This can be achieved through the integration of innovative injection systems and the simultaneous combustion of alternative fuels alongside fossil fuels, or by modifying fuel injection systems such as in the PCCI, RCCI, or HCCI systems. In a particular research investigation, a blend of ammonia hydroxide and diesel, with volume percentages of 7.5% and 92.5% respectively, was …

Enhancing Diesel Engine Performance By Directly Injecting Blends Of Ammonium Hydroxide And Including Liquid Petroleum Gas As A Partially Premixed Charge, Medhat Elkelawy Prof. Dr, Eng., Hagar Alm-Eldin Bastawissi, Mohammed Osama Elsamadony Dr. Eng., Abdallah Salem Abdalhadi

Journal of Engineering Research

Recently, scientists have made significant strides in addressing or mitigating environmental issues. Researchers have adopted various approaches to tackle these issues, such as replacing fossil fuels with more environmentally friendly alternatives or blending multiple fuel types. This can be achieved by either integrating these two trends through the use of new injection systems and simultaneous combustion of alternative fuels with fossil fuels or by modifying fuel injection systems, exemplified by the PCCI, RCCI, or HCCI systems. Consequently, these methods have proven effective in reducing environmental pollutants, enhancing thermal efficiency, and decreasing specific fuel consumption. In this study, ammonia hydroxide and …

Experimental Investigation On Combustion And Emission Characteristics Of Co-Combustion Of Pulverized Biomass With Diesel Fuel In An Industrial Burner, Medhat Elkelawy Prof. Dr, Eng., Hagar Alm-Eldin Bastawissi, Ahmed Abou El-Yazied Prof. Dr., Saad El-Malla Dr. Eng.

Journal of Engineering Research

This study presents the combustion and emission results obtained from a laboratory furnace equipped with a 35 kW industrial burner that utilizes co-combustion of pulverized biomass and diesel fuel. The experiment compared the co-combustion of pulverized biomass and diesel fuel with diesel fuel alone. Three different loading ratios of pulverized biomass from residual beet samples were used. Temperatures were measured at various positions inside the furnace to analyze combustion performance. It was observed that increasing the biomass loading ratios led to higher flame temperatures and improved combustion compared to diesel fuel alone. The concentrations of pollutants such as Co, HC, …

Cfd Study On Two-Phase Flow Patterns In A Pipe With 90º Elbow In Different Operating Conditions, Hagar Alm-Eldin Bastawissi, Mohammed Ahmed Khafagy, E. A. El Shenawy Prof. Dr., Ahmed M. Salem Dr

Journal of Engineering Research

Recently, CFD has offered a technological solution for modelling multi-phase flow in which we can make endless simulations with reduced expenses and effort in high accuracy results; we shall also mention that experimental studies have limitations for safety considerations when experimenting with flow in high temperature or pressure values or medium nature as in nuclear or chemical flows.In this paper, we used the ANSYS FLUENT CFD program to simulate the two-phase flow in a pipe to study the effect of attaching a 90-degree elbow fitting to the piping system, seeking to find out the change in the pattern and resulting …

مدى تطبيق معايير التصميم المعمارية بالمنشآت التعليمية (حالة دراسية: مدرسة ثانوية ابن سعدي للبنين في محافظة عنيزة) The Extent Of Application Of Architectural Design Standards In Educational Facilities (Case Study: Ibn Saadi Secondary School For Boys In Unayzah Governorate), Meshal Abdulaziz Alhrabi, Abdulaziz Alhrabi

Journal of Engineering Research

:ملخص البحث

تهدف الورقة البحثية لدراسة تطبيق معايير التصميم المعمارية في المدارس الحكومية لوجود قصور في عدم تطوير وتكامل تطبيق معايير التصميم المعمارية في المدارس الحكومية والتي تحتاج الى مراعاتها ودراسة مدى توافقها مع معايير التصميم العالمية للمدارس للحصول على بيئة تعليمية متكاملة.

أعتمدت الدراسة على المنهج الوصفي وجمع المعلومات حول المعايير التصميمة المعمارية ونماذج المدارس والمقارنة بين تلك المعايير والفراغات المعمارية وذلك من خلال تحليل المعايير التصميمة المعمارية والتعرف على أوجه القصور في تصميم مدرسة ثانوية ابن سعدي. ومن ثم استخدم المنهج التطبيقي من خلال إعداد استبيان لجمع البيانات من مستخدمي مدرسة ثانوية ابن سعدي (الطلاب – المعلمين) والإدارة …

Enhancing The Sustainability Of The Visual Scenery Elements Of Urbanism To Achieve Quality-Of-Life Standards, Sahar Said Gado, Henar A. Kalefa

Journal of Engineering Research

Abstract

The quality of life for urban areas is an idea that has recently been discussed in various studies as a response to the many problems facing cities around the world as well as in Egypt. As the city is the product of a reflection of its identity and cultural and civilised heritage that is growing and changing, and enhancing the sustainability of the elements of the visual image of the city is one of the changes that, in turn, seeks to create a suitable urban environment for the population and reach the highest rates of environmental comfort and complete …

تقنيات الاضاءة الصناعية وتأثيرها فى الفراغ السكنى على السلوك الانسانى, Samah Kamal Elfeky, Walaa Ahmad Nour, Lobna Abdelfatah Agha

Journal of Engineering Research

* Lighting is considered of main items in daily life begining from natural Lighting to industrial lighting. with all of it's different shapes . it is considerdone of the most important data that point Blank spaces and works to show architectural spaces, aesthetic values through being sharp and weak, ensure borders show texture or hide Features, suggest wideness, narrowness of space as the most beautiful design don't see beautiful without good lighting which designed carefully.Due to diversity of human activities, architictums spaces and it is wideness. Increased dependence on industrial Lighting to strengthen Job of performance, beauty of internal, external …

Reviving Cultural Heritage Identity In Historical Areas Through Leftover Spaces – Application Of A Cultural Park In Abu Ali River Region, Tripoli, Lebanon, Amna Trad, Mostafa Khalifa, Eslam M. Elsamahy, Khaled El-Daghar, Mary Felix, Ayman Afify

Architecture and Planning Journal (APJ)

Heritage being an inheritance from the past that is transmitted successively from one generation to the other plays a significant role in molding the memory of a country and forging its identity. As an element of heritage, architectural products are an expression of the cultural identity of communities. However, modern developments in historical regions ignore the presence of heritage buildings. Furthermore, the unorganized expansion of those areas led to the formation of leftover spaces. Abu Ali river is a historical region located in the city of Tripoli in Lebanon. Not long ago, this zone was considered the beating heart of …

Bim-Gis Integration An Innovative Tool To Enhance Urban Heritage Management In The Digital Era, Ali H. Misilmani, Ibtihal Y. El-Bastawissi, Hany Ayad, Samer El Sayary

Architecture and Planning Journal (APJ)

Due to the great loss of the cities’ ancient monuments and urban heritage resulting from either natural disasters or irresponsible human actions, it has become very urgent to find an innovative tool for restoring and conserving historical buildings in a smart and sustainable way. Furthermore, this tool can help in decision making regarding the selection of appropriate materials and intervention works. Such objectives have been realized through innovative integration of BIM & GIS to enhance urban heritage management. BIM data has been imported into the GIS environment to be visualized in 3D and analyse different scenarios for buildings’ sustainable development. …

Parametric Design As A Tool To Reduce Solar Penetration By Outdoor Shades In Hot Arid Climate, Rana O. Aboulfaraj, Iman O. Gawad, Mostafa Khalifa

Architecture and Planning Journal (APJ)

Conventional design methods and current tools infrequently link performance with the geometry of the design. These methods rarely enable backtracking through the design process and can't achieve full performance criteria. In this context, using both procedural geometry and information from numerical assessments and performance simulations should be discussed to support the search for effective solutions. Architects have gained control over the process of design by utilizing parametric methods to generate a sustainable design that interacts with sustainable, climatic, and environmental restrictions, particularly in hot arid zones where outdoor life is overlooked. This paper will discuss the performance-oriented design and a …

Distribution Fitting And Anova Test To Analyze Pavement Sensing Patterns For Condition Assessments, Dada Zhang, Chun-Hsing Ho

Durham School of Architectural Engineering and Construction: Faculty Publications

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to investigate the vehicle-based sensor effect and pavement temperature on road condition assessment, as well as to compute a threshold value for the classification of pavement conditions.

Design/methodology/approach – Four sensors were placed on the vehicle’s control arms and one inside the vehicle to collect vibration acceleration data for analysis. The Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) tests were performed to diagnose the effect of the vehicle-based sensors’ placement in the field. To classify road conditions and identify pavement distress (point of interest), the probability distribution was applied based on the magnitude values of …

Anti-Phishing Approach For Iot System In Fog Networks Based On Machine Learning Algorithms, Mahmoud Gad Awwad, Mohamed M. Ashour, El Said A. Marzouk, Eman Abdelhalim

Mansoura Engineering Journal

As the Internet of Things (IoT) continues to expand, ensuring the security and privacyِ of IoT systems becomes increasingly critical. Phishing attacks pose a significant threat to IoT devices and can lead to unauthorized access, data breaches, and compromised functionality. In this paper, we propose an anti-phishing approach for IoT systems in fog networks that leverages machine learning algorithms, including a .fusion with deep learning techniques We explore the effectiveness of eleven traditional machine learning algorithms combined with deep learning in detecting and preventing phishing attacks in IoT systems. By utilizing a diverse range of algorithms, we aim to enhance …

Effect Of Initial Crack Length, Cross-Head Speed, And Quenching On The Fracture Toughness Of Hdpe With And Without Uv Stabilizers, A. Koriem, R. Singer, A. M. Ollick, M. Elhadary

Mansoura Engineering Journal

In materials science and engineering, understanding the fracture toughness of polymers is essential for ensuring the reliability and safety of various applications. This paper delves into the properties of high-density polyethylene (HDPE), a widely utilized polymer known for its versatility and durability. Fracture toughness, denoting a material's resistance to crack propagation, serves as a critical parameter in assessing the structural integrity of HDPE. The investigation focuses on unraveling the intricate interplay of factors influencing fracture toughness, with particular emphasis on crosshead speed, initial crack length, and the transformative effects of quenching. By exploring the relationships between these variables, our study …

Feature Engineering And Supervised Machine Learning To Forecast Biogas Production During Municipal Anaerobic Co-Digestion, Hunter W. Schroer, Craig L. Just

Civil, Architectural and Environmental Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

Municipalities with excess anaerobic digestion capacity accept offsite wastes for co-digestion to meet sustainability goals and create more biogas. Despite the benefits inherent to co-digestion, the temporal and compositional heterogeneity of external waste streams creates operational challenges that lead to upsets or conservative co-digestion. Given the complex microbial bioprocesses occurring during anaerobic digestion, prediction and modeling of the outcomes can be challenging, and machine learning has the potential to improve understanding and control of co-digestion processes. Biogas flows are a surrogate for process health, and here, we predicted biogas production from historical data collected by a water resource recovery facility …

Characterizing Chemistry And Microbiomes During Continuous Anaerobic Codigestion Of Organics And Cattle Manure Digestate, Emily V. Schmitz, Hunter W. Schroer, Timothy E. Mattes, Craig L. Just

Civil, Architectural and Environmental Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

We characterized chemical and microbial responses to changes in the carbon-to-nitrogen ratio (C:N) and organic loading rate (OLR) during anaerobic codigestion (ACoD) of cattle manure digestate mixed with industrial organics. C:Ns of 25 and 35, both operating at OLRs ≤ 4 gVS L-1 d-1, sustained methane production averages of 0.36 ± 0.03 L gVS-1 d-1 and 0.32 ± 0.05 L gVS-1 d-1, respectively, throughout a 15-day period. Using 16S rRNA high-throughput sequencing coupled with PICRUSt2, taxonomy and predicted gene abundances were mapped to the major ACoD stages. C:N (25, 35) and the OLR (2, 4 gVS L-1 d-1) had minimal …

Assessment Of Educational Facilities In Osogobo Metropolis Nigeria, Dele S. Ogundahunsi, Martins B. Gasu, Samuel B. Adedotun, Olayiwola Olayode, Akintayo O. Ojo, Christiana Olayode

CSID Journal of Infrastructure Development

This study assessed educational facilities in the Osogbo metropolis, Nigeria, aiming to evaluate the available educational facilities, examine student and staff satisfaction levels, and analyze their availability across schools in the area. The sample consisted of 476 schools, from which 73 were randomly selected. A multistage sampling procedure was employed to sample 1,863 pupils/students and 87 teachers for questionnaire administration, complemented by observation. Data were analyzed using Mean Weighted Average, Summation of Weighted Value, and Analysis of Variance. Findings showed that 63.4% of primary schools had the listed facilities, while 75% of secondary schools reported 81% availability. Public primary school …

Root And Causes Of Skilled Labor Shortage In Construction Industry: Comprehensive Literature Review, Nicholas Hardy, Carolina Barbosa-Resende, James Kereri, Arash Taghinezhad

The Professional Constructor

The skilled labor shortage is well documented from a historical perspective via studies focusing various construction trades such as carpentry, mechanical, electric and plumbing, and tile setters. Causes of such shortages such as industry image, college as a preferred choice after high school, and construction being a last resort have been investigated extensively. Consequently, possible solutions ranging from amplifying shop classes in high school to intensifying recruiting efforts for union training programs have all been addressed throughout the last 40 years. However, recent studies have focused on identifying the magnitude and reach of the skilled labor gap while limited attention …

Sustainability Of Apparel Exporting Industry Facilities In South Asia, Sree L. Anilkuma, George H. Berghorn, M.G. Matt Syal

The Professional Constructor

The apparel industry’s contribution to the gross domestic product in South Asian countries is significant and provides livelihoods for millions of people in this region. Although this industry’s contribution towards the economy is substantial, its negative impact on the environment and the working conditions have always been critical issues of concern. The two countries of emphasis in this research, Bangladesh, and India, have experienced numerous garment factory accidents in the form of building collapses, factory fires, and boiler explosions, which have killed and injured thousands of workers. These incidents have brought attention on the need to improve poor facilities and …

Taxonomy Of Trust And Maslow’S Hierarchy Of Needsin The Construction Industry, Ann B. Lyons, Vivek Sharma, Shima Clarke

The Professional Constructor

Trust is vital in every facet of life, enabling collaborative efforts and valuing contributions from various individuals. This is particularly true in the construction industry, where teamwork is essential for success. Prior research has consistently demonstrated that heightened trust levels significantly contribute to better project outcomes and increased client satisfaction. Despite its critical role, the construction industry has yet to adopt a structured hierarchical perspective of trust that aligns with its unique demands. This study aims to fill this gap by validating a comprehensive taxonomy of trust specifically designed for the construction sector. Through literature review, this study identifies key …

Methodology To Design Eco-Friendly Fiber-Reinforced Concrete For 3d Printing, Haodao Li, Alfred Addai-Nimoh, Eric Kreiger, Kamal H. Khayat

Civil, Architectural and Environmental Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

Greater use of locally available supplementary cementitious materials (SCM) to reduce cement content and addition of fiber reinforcement can enhance the performance of 3D printing (3DP) technology in construction. In this study, three classes of eco-friendly 3D printable fiber-reinforced mixtures were targeted, namely ultra-high-performance concrete (UHPC), high-performance concrete (HPC), and conventional concrete (CC). A step-by-step methodology was proposed to maximize the substitution rate of cement with SCM and limestone filler and optimize fiber volume for the successful development of 3D printable fiber-reinforced materials. Binder combinations were initially investigated on the paste level to determine the packing density and robustness. Selected …

Comprehensive Numerical Modeling Of Prestressed Girder Bridges Under Low-Velocity Impact, Mohamed T. Elshazli, Mohanad M. Abdulazeez, Mohamed Elgawady, Ahmed Ibrahim

Civil, Architectural and Environmental Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

Accidental Collisions Involving Over-Height Trucks That Exceed Vertical Clearance Limits And Bridge Superstructures Frequently Happen, Resulting In Compromised Girders And Potential Threats To Structural Safety And Performance. The Numerical Simulation Of Large-Scale Prestressed Girder Bridge Collisions Poses Challenges Due To The Associated Nonlinearities, As Well As The Limited Availability Of Large-Scale Experimental Testing Data In The Literature Due To Cost And Complexity Constraints. This Study Introduces A Numerical Modeling Approach To Efficiently Capture The Response Of Prestressed Girder Bridges Under Lateral Impact Loads. A Finite Element (FE) Model Was Developed Using LS-DYNA And Meticulously Validated Against Experimental Data From The …

A Novel And Enhanced Calibration Of The Tilting Weir As A Flow Measurement Structure, Joseph E. Pugh, S. Karan Venayagamoorthy, Timothy K. Gates, Céline Berni, Marie Rastello

Civil, Architectural and Environmental Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

A large collection of laboratory measurements of piezometric head (h) and discharge (Q) were made over hydraulic models of a tilting weir at nine different angles, ranging from 25.7° to 90° within a 0.3-m-wide flume. These measurements were corroborated with additional laboratory data taken within a 1-m-wide flume across four inclination angles. The range of both inclination angle (θ) and flow scale examined in this study elucidate the nature of the head-discharge rating equation beyond previous work. Results show that as θ decreases under a constant Q, the h over the weir decreases in a monotonic fashion due to the …

Reconstruction Of The Neglected: Cal Poly’S Old Powerhouse, Sophie Meier, Morgan Cuthbert, Luke Zamlich

Architectural Engineering

Cal Poly’s Old Powerhouse (BLDG 76) is the only remaining building from the original Polytechnic school left on campus. It was built in 1910 and placed on the national registry in 1993. The Powerhouse used to do exactly what its name implies, provide power to campus. After it retired from its purpose, it was used for many other use cases, particularly as a space for the College of Architecture and Environmental design. Through its time, it was used as a classroom space, pottery/creative space, a workshop, and even once contained a fishpond. The building was then abandoned in 1990, a …

Building Services Engineering March/April 2024

Building Services Engineering

No abstract provided.

The Professional Constructor, Full Issue, Volume 49, Number 01

The Professional Constructor

No abstract provided.

Mixed Reality For In-Field Construction Activities: A Systematic Literature Review To Identify Challenges And Solutions, Sumanth Sai. P., Jason Lucas

The Professional Constructor

With the new industrial revolution, “Industry 4.0,” it is important to understand and incorporate the new standards and technologies evolving in the market. Industry 4.0 relies on the integrated use of big data and analytics coupled with various technologies to help make decisions and manage projects. This revolution has brought Mixed Reality (MR) into the construction field. Mixed reality (MR) offers significant benefits for smart industries, such as enhancing productivity, training, manufacturing, error correction, assembly, and packaging processes. But how feasible are Mixed Reality Technologies (MRTs) considering the high initial investment required for acquiring devices, subscribing to services, planning and …

Computer-Integrated Construction Management With Procore, Vedanth Ashoka, M.G. Matt Syal

The Professional Constructor

The construction industry faces difficulties in managing the enormous amounts of data generated at each stage of a project, impacting project coordination and decision-making. Currently the industry is facing the issue of a lack of interoperability among the multiple software programs being used for different functions. To address this lack of interoperability, there is a need for an integrated environment that allows seamless flow of data between different functions. Among the few software tools that have emerged in recent year, Procore, a cloud-based construction project management software, has emerged as a widely used solution in the industry, enabling collaboration among …

Efficacy Of Passive Ventilation With High Exhaust Demands: A Case Study Of Cal Poly Sst, Siddarth Bokka

Construction Management

The Simpson Strong Tie Demonstration Laboratory serves as a multipurpose space allowing students at the College of Architecture and Environmental Design at California Polytechnic State University to build full scale construction projects. The building features a material storage area, a high bay for construction of full-scale projects, and a mezzanine level that houses digital fabrication equipment. However, the building was never designed to house the specific equipment currently installed on the mezzanine and ventilate the exhaust fumes from them. Rather, the building relies on passive natural ventilation that is likely ineffective at properly exhausting hazardous fumes, resulting in complaints from …