Digital Commons Network^™

Spezialpropaganda: The East German Military’S Covert Information-Warfare Program, Joe Cheravitch

The US Army War College Quarterly: Parameters

This article details the East German military’s extensive, innovative covert-propaganda program, which was designed to influence West German attitudes for almost two decades during the Cold War. Unlike existing scholarship that primarily addresses intelligence-led disinformation, this study exclusively analyzes military-led information warfare. The article uses previously classified East German military records to examine capabilities and tactics ranging from fake conscription notices to radio broadcasts. The findings offer contemporary US military planners and practitioners insight into the complexities of integrating information-warfare capabilities, measuring the effectiveness of propaganda, and understanding adversarial influence campaigns, with direct implications for current Joint Force planning and …

Strategic Theory And Clausewitz’S Trinitarian Test, Lukas Milevski

The US Army War College Quarterly: Parameters

Carl von Clausewitz’s trinity represents a qualitative test for strategy in both theory and practice. With the trinity, Clausewitz transforms competing influences into a mark of theoretical quality. Synthesizing several translations of Clausewitz’s On War and interpretations by experts such as Hew Strachan, Antulio J. Echevarria II, and Frank G. Hoffman, this article suggests that Clausewitz believed that good theory encompasses and accounts for all fundamental forces of war, whereas bad theory emphasizes the extremes of one force. The trinity compels mandatory considerations for students of theory, war planners, and practitioners.

Fragments, Editors Of Fragments

Fragments

No abstract provided.

Review Essay—"Spoiling Victory: How Weaker Fleets Win": Deterrence And Denial: The Power Of Fleets In Being, Norman Friedman, S.C.M. Paine

Naval War College Review

No abstract provided.

“Let Sleeping Dogs Lie”—The Impact Of Naval Air Warfare During The Spanish Civil War On The Royal Navy, 1936–1939, Néstor Cerdá

Naval War College Review

The landscape of modern warfare is one of constant metamorphosis caused by a variety of factors, from technological advancement to shifting combat terrains. The Royal Navy’s experience with German airpower while enforcing nonintervention during the Spanish Civil War set uneven expectations for the role of naval airpower in the war to come.

Research & Debate—Operation Sledgehammer Reconsidered: Disaster Averted Or Opportunity Lost?, Gary Giumarra

Naval War College Review

No abstract provided.

Countering Intelligence, Surveillance, And Reconnaissance In The Pacific—Mobile Missile Launcher Survivability Against The People’S Liberation Army, Ben Wermeling

Naval War College Review

With the survivability of mobile missile launchers in question for newly established U.S. Army and U.S. Marine Corps multidomain task forces and Marine littoral regiments, the role of countering intelligence, surveillance, and reconnaissance in the Pacific may prove crucial to preventing sea denial from the land in future conflicts.

People’S Republic Of China Stratagems And Surprise Attacks—Implications For The Defense Of Taiwan, Ian Easton

Naval War College Review

As the People’s Republic of China continues to amass military forces across the strait from Taiwan, Chinese military doctrine holds the keys to preparing for potential conflict. Elements of surprise and deception, akin to those used by Russia during the invasion of Ukraine, may drive strategy and preparation for a potential invasion of Taiwan.

From The Editors - Winter 2026, Sam J. Tangredi Editor In Chief

Naval War College Review

No abstract provided.

Winter 2026 Full Issue, The U.S. Naval War College

Naval War College Review

No abstract provided.

The Role Of Optical And Synthetic Aperture Radar Satellites In Military Intelligence, Khalifa Alnaqbi

Student Research Symposium (SRS)

The objective of this paper is to demonstrate that while optical and Synthetic Aperture Radar satellites are the two most powerful remote sensing tools in military intelligence, neither is sufficient on its own. This research aims to articulate their distinct operational roles and argue that their synergistic integration, together with other intelligence assets such as unmanned aerial vehicles, signals intelligence, and human intelligence, is essential for achieving comprehensive situational awareness in modern warfare. To establish this, the paper will first analyze the role of optical satellites in target identification and Synthetic Aperture Radar satellites in persistent detection and monitoring, detailing …

The Indiana Statesman, March 5, 2026, Indiana State University

Student Newspaper

Winners: Olivia & Campbell for S.G.A. Pres & V.P.; Wear-Wolves takes first place in Indiana State Business Pitch Competition; Help Residential Life celebrate university faculty!

Book Review: The Ageless Call To Serve: Rethinking Military Service For A Changing World, Richard M. Yates

Parameters Bookshelf – Online Book Reviews

Author: Lieutenant Colonel Lanny Snodgrass, MD, PhD

Reviewed by: Commander Richard M. Yates, faculty instructor, Department of Command, Leadership, and Management, US Army War College

At age 63, psychiatrist Lanny Snodgrass defied convention by joining the Army, challenging long-held beliefs about age and military readiness. Drawing on decades of clinical experience with veterans and young soldiers, he exposes the psychological toll of sending teenagers to war while advocating for the wisdom and resilience older recruits can bring. This provocative and inspiring book reimagines military service for a modern world, urging a shift from age-based limits to capability-based inclusion.

©2026 Richard …

Book Review: Hard Broke: Asymmetric Warfare, Great Power Competition, And Institutional Paralysis, Eric H. Haas

Parameters Bookshelf – Online Book Reviews

Author: Matthew D. Matter

Reviewed by: Colonel Eric H. Haas, US Army

Institutional inertia can be as dangerous as enemy fire—discover why rapid adaptation remains critical for future conflicts. From IEDs to unmanned systems, this analysis asks: Can the Army evolve fast enough to meet tomorrow’s threats?

Book Review: The Airborne Mafia: The Paratroopers Who Shaped America’S Cold War Army, Jason A. Yanda

Parameters Bookshelf – Online Book Reviews

Author: Robert F. Williams

Reviewed by: Jason A. Yanda, assistant professor, US Army Heritage and Education Center, US Army War College

In this gripping organizational history, Robert F. Williams reveals how a tight-knit group of World War II paratroopers rose to dominate the US Army’s leadership and reshape its doctrine during the Cold War. Through bold innovation and a fiercely held airborne culture, figures like Ridgway, Taylor, and Gavin transformed civil-military relations, atomic warfare planning, and airmobile strategy. The Airborne Mafia uncovers how subcultures can wield extraordinary influence, leaving a legacy that still echoes through today’s military institutions.

©2026 Jason …

Book Review: Who Will Defend Europe?: An Awakened Russia And A Sleeping Continent, Darrell Driver

Parameters Bookshelf – Online Book Reviews

Author: Keir Giles

Reviewed by: Dr. Darrell Driver, director, warfighter studies, Department of Military Strategy, Planning and Operations, US Army War College

As Russia re-arms and the US retreats from its traditional role, Europe faces a chilling question: Can it defend itself against a rising threat? Keir Giles delivers a forceful wake-up call, exposing decades of complacency and the urgent need for renewed leadership and military investment. This gripping analysis warns that without decisive action, the continent risks sleepwalking into disaster.

©2026 Darrell W. Driver

Book Review: War Ethics: Theory, Practice, And Memoir, Geoff Bailey

Parameters Bookshelf – Online Book Reviews

Edited by Brian Orend

Reviewed by: Chaplain (Colonel) Geoff Bailey, PhD, US Army War College chaplain and director of ethical development, Department of Command, Leadership, and Management, US Army War College

Blending philosophical insight, real-world application, and personal reflection, this volume offers a comprehensive exploration of the ethics of war. From just war theory to the lived experiences of soldiers and civilians, it bridges the gap between abstract principles and battlefield realities. It is a compelling resource for scholars, practitioners, and anyone grappling with the moral dimensions of armed conflict.

Iran-Aligned Foreign Terrorist Organizations: An Ncite Report On New Fto Designations, Martha Crenshaw, Mackenzie Harms

Reports, Projects, and Research

As the Department of Homeland Security’s center of excellence focused on counterterrorism, NCITE’s mission is to work with homeland security partners to provide scientific insights on terrorists and other illicit actors that pose a threat to U.S. homeland security and defense. The intent of this report is to support government, law enforcement, and policymakers tasked with protecting the U.S. from terrorism and related threat actors with information on: 1) the threat actors and characteristics associated with Iran-aligned foreign terrorist organizations; 2) the tactics, technology, and innovation they use to cause harm; and 3) the types of targets they may attack, …

Neuromodulating Mammals For Military Operations: Ethical Responsibility And Governance In Security Domains, Elise Annett, James Giordano

Strategic Insights

This commentary examines ethical and governance challenges associated with the potential use of neurotechnology to influence the behavior of marine mammals for military purposes. While the use of dolphins and sea lions in naval operations has historical precedent, reports suggesting that advanced neurotechnologies may be used to modulate or control the behavior of orcas represent a significant ethical and legal inflection point. Invasive neuromodulation techniques, such as implantable neural interfaces, pharmacological modulation, or remote stimulation raise serious concerns about animal welfare, agency, and the potential dual-use implications of neurotechnology. Stronger governance frameworks, including international dialogue, Department of War policy guidance, …

Artificial Sentience: The Other Side Of The Story, Amanda Sharkey

Animal Sentience

There is another side to the story of the account of artificial sentience — one that makes the possibility of artificial sentience unlikely: the fundamental difference between living bodies and artificial systems.  Sentience occurs in strongly embodied, living entities, and not in disembodied artificial systems, nor in robots. The appearance of sentience is exacerbated by deceptive behaviour and anthropomorphism. The risks of keeping an open mind about the required underlying substrate are in wasted efforts to protect systems that cannot suffer, and in placing inappropriate trust in their abilities.

The Due Diligence Standard For Preventing Trans Boundary Cyber Harm: Expectation Or Obligation?, Dafina Bucaj

Penn State Journal of Law & International Affairs (2012 - Present)

No abstract provided.

Impact Of Laser Energy On The Synthesis And Antibacterial Performance Of Cdo Nanomaterials, Ali Yousif, Thikra Mejbel, Kadhim Aadim, Wasan Kadhem

Engineering and Technology Journal

The objective of the current work is to evaluate the antibacterial efficiency of cadmium oxide nanomaterials (CdO NPs) produced through pulsed laser ablation in liquid (PLAL) with laser energy ranging from 400 to 600 mJ. Several characterization techniques, including X-ray diffraction (XRD), UV-Vis spectroscopy, and atomic force microscopy (AFM), were harnessed to analyze synthesized CdO NPs. The nanoparticles had a spherical shape and a size distribution that reduced with higher laser energy. The XRD study confirmed a polycrystalline cubic structure, while AFM measurements disclosed a drop from 133 to 84 nm in the particle size as laser intensity rose. UV-Vis …

Documents On German Foreign Policy, 1918-1945, From The Archives Of The German Foreign Ministry., AuswäRtiges Amt Germany

Hannah Arendt Marginalia - All

Washington : U.S. Govt. Print. Off., 1949-< 1983>

Call #: JX691 .A45

Contains underlining and marginal lining

PDF information: 31 Pages - 12MB

Founding Mothers: How Women Shaped The American Revolution, Rosemarie Zagarri

Rondel V. Davidson Endowed Lecture Series

This talk discusses the legal and political status of women prior to the American Revolution, followed by a discussion of their activities and mobilization in support of the American Revolution. Particular attention is paid to specific women such as Phillis Wheatley, Esther DeBerdt Reed, and the women of New Jersey who were allowed to vote under the NJ Constitution of 1776.

Co-Electrospinning Polyacrylonitrile (Pan) / Polymer Of Intrinsic Microporosity-1 (Pim-1) For Electrochemical-Based Sensor For Pyridine Detection And Absorption, Samar A. Salim

Nanotechnology Research Centre

The electrospinning of the polymer of intrinsic microporosity-1 (PIM-1) poses challenges due to its limited solubility and tendency to form bead-like structures at high concentrations. This work details the synthesis and analysis of electrospun composite fibers made from polyacrylonitrile (PAN) and PIM-1 for electrochemical applications. The data analysis confirmed the successful incorporation of PIM-1 into the PAN matrix. The fiber characteristics were significantly influenced by PIM-1 loading (1–10%), resulting in fiber diameters ranging from 0.8 to 1.7 μm. A 10% concentration of PIM-1 results in the formation of macropores with diameters ranging from 0.5 to 1.7 μm. Optical analysis using …

Bruen As Heller: Text, History, And Tradition In The Lower Courts, Leo Bernabei

Fordham Law Review Online

The Constitution and conventional wisdom suggest that lower courts must follow the most persuasive interpretations of U.S. Supreme Court precedent. But that does not always happen. Scholars recognize judicial under enforcement of Supreme Court precedent in several fields. This Essay contributes to this scholarship by analyzing lower court applications of New York State Rifle & Pistol Ass’n v. Bruen, in which the Supreme Court held that firearm laws must be consistent with the nation’s historical tradition of firearm regulation. The lower courts vary widely in their approaches to analyzing gun laws under this standard. On one end, a small …

Taking The Profit Out Of War: Why International Law Requires Restitution Of Nazi-Looted Art, Raymond J. Dowd

Fordham Law Review Online

No abstract provided.

A Framework For Biological Weapons Deterrence, Center For The Study Of Weapons Of Mass Destruction

Research and Case Studies

The United States faces a growing range of biological threats, including the potential use of increasingly sophisticated biological weapons. As advances in science and technology expand the scope of these risks, deterring biological attacks has become an urgent national security challenge. This study examines the U.S. Government's current approach to biological weapons deterrence, assesses existing tools and capabilities, and identifies key challenges to developing a more effective strategy. Drawing on research, expert interviews, and roundtable discussions, the paper argues that deterring biological threats requires a coordinated whole-of-government approach that integrates the capabilities and expertise of multiple federal agencies. This NDU …

Utilization Of National Guard Cyber Forces In Title 32 Status For National Cyber Missions, David A. Schroeder

Dissertations

There has been a debate for more than a decade in the United States about the precise role National Guard and Reserve military forces, and the National Guard in particular, can and should play in cyberspace operations. There are legal, policy, doctrinal, organizational, cultural, and bureaucratic issues that must be overcome or understood to employ National Guard forces for national cyber operations. Leaders in Congress, U.S. Cyber Command, and the National Guard have clearly articulated the need to leverage the cyber expertise in the National Guard in defense of the nation. Papers, articles, and hearings have repeatedly examined the existing …

Cataclysm Within The Court: The Bosnian Genocide Case And Its Implications On Historical Understanding Of Calamity, Alexandria Currier

The Kennesaw Journal of Undergraduate Research

The Bosnian Genocide remains one of the most challenging cases within the history of modern conflict and calamity. As the first occurrence in which the International Court of Justice applied the Convention on the Prevention and Punishment of the Crime of Genocide to a state, the International Court of Justice's legal proceedings on the Bosnian Genocide set a new standard for the obligations of the international community to act in the occurrence of genocide. This research aims to clarify the nature of the 1992-1995 conflict between the nations of Serbia-Montenegro and Bosnia-Herzegovina using primary source documentation, modern commentary, and the …