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Refugee Extractivism: Law And The Mining Of A Human Commodity In The Republic Of Nauru, Julia Morris Apr 2020

Refugee Extractivism: Law And The Mining Of A Human Commodity In The Republic Of Nauru, Julia Morris

Saint Louis University Law Journal

No abstract provided.

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The Efficacy Of Hand Washing And Cleaning And Disinfecting Methods, Christina J. Amoruso Apr 2020

The Efficacy Of Hand Washing And Cleaning And Disinfecting Methods, Christina J. Amoruso

Virtual 2020 Spring Student Showcase for Research and Creative Inquiry

Potentially pathogenic microorganisms are often used in teaching laboratories. Several different cleaning methods are available and implemented in these laboratories. This project was originally aimed to determine the most efficient method of cleaning lab surfaces and student hands. The topic of this investigation became even more relevant due to the recent development with the COVID-19 pandemic. Efficient hand washing and cleaning methods are more important now than ever. The purpose of hand washing is to reduce the number of microorganisms from the hands (Michaels, 2002). Proper hand washing with friction and soap is necessary to decontaminate hands (Miller, 2011).

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Attitude And Use Of Online Public Access Catalogue By Students Of Kwara State University, Malete, Kwara State, Nigeria, Kennedy Arebamen Eiriemiokhale Phd, Sodiq Olayinka Oladimeji Apr 2020

Attitude And Use Of Online Public Access Catalogue By Students Of Kwara State University, Malete, Kwara State, Nigeria, Kennedy Arebamen Eiriemiokhale Phd, Sodiq Olayinka Oladimeji

Library Philosophy and Practice (e-journal)

This paper examined the attitude and use of online public access catalogue (OPAC) by students of Kwara State University, Malete. The objectives of the study were to: (i) examine the attitude of Kwara State University students towards OPAC; and (ii) ascertain student’s frequency of use of OPAC. Descriptive research design was adopted for the study. The population of the study was 11, 855 undergraduate students in Kwara State University. Sample size of 378 was drawn from the population using a multi-staged sampling approach of proportional and simple random sampling techniques. Three hundred and seventy eight (378) copies of the questionnaire …

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Wangari Maathai, Tabitha M. Kanogo Apr 2020

Wangari Maathai, Tabitha M. Kanogo

Ohio University Press Open Access Books

Wangari Muta Maathai is one of Africa’s most celebrated female activists. Originally trained as a scientist in Kenya and abroad, Professor Maathai returned to her home country of Kenya with a renewed political consciousness. There, she began her long career as an activist, campaigning for environmental and social justice while speaking out against government corruption. In 2004, Maathai was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize for her leadership of the Green Belt Movement, a conservation effort that resulted in the restoration of African forests decimated during the colonial era.

In this biography, Tabitha Kanogo follows Wangari Maathai from her modest, rural …

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Mission As A Dialogue Between Communities And Religions: Experiences In Mombasa And Netherlands, Marielle Beusmans Apr 2020

Mission As A Dialogue Between Communities And Religions: Experiences In Mombasa And Netherlands, Marielle Beusmans

Spiritan Horizons

No abstract provided.

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Disseminated Carcinomatosis Of Bone Marrow In An African Man With Metastatic Descending Colon Carcinoma, Harrison Chuwa, Nadeem Kassam, Casmir Wambura, Omar Sherman, Salim Surani Apr 2020

Disseminated Carcinomatosis Of Bone Marrow In An African Man With Metastatic Descending Colon Carcinoma, Harrison Chuwa, Nadeem Kassam, Casmir Wambura, Omar Sherman, Salim Surani

Internal Medicine, East Africa

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is ranked third worldwide and seventh in Tanzania. The liver and lungs are the most commonly involved sites. Disseminated carcinomatosis of the bone marrow (DCBM) from colorectal carcinoma is rare and typically indicates widespread disease and poor prognosis. We report a case of a 40-year-old African male, who presented to us with abdominal distension, weight loss, fever and change in bowel habit over the past month. He underwent colonoscopy which revealed a necrotic mass in the descending colon. Biopsies were taken, and histopathology confirmed the presence of poorly differentiated mucin-producing adenocarcinoma. The patient suffered a colonic perforation …

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World Transit Research April 2020 Newsletter, Institute Of Transport Studies Monash University Apr 2020

World Transit Research April 2020 Newsletter, Institute Of Transport Studies Monash University

World Transit Research Newsletter

No abstract provided.

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Genetic Diversity Among Tilapia Species Farmed At Chita In Kilombero, Morogoro Region, Tanzania, Mussa G. Mndeme, Amon P. Shoko, Samwel M. Limbu, Chacha J. Mwita Mar 2020

Genetic Diversity Among Tilapia Species Farmed At Chita In Kilombero, Morogoro Region, Tanzania, Mussa G. Mndeme, Amon P. Shoko, Samwel M. Limbu, Chacha J. Mwita

Tanzania Journal of Science

The development of aquaculture industry in Tanzania cannot cope with the expected substantial increase in demand for fish and fish products due to several bottlenecks including unavailability of good quality feeds and fingerlings. Fish farmers often complain about slow growth rate of the farmed fish necessitating genetic characterization. This study identified and determined the genetic diversity of tilapia species farmed in Kilombero Districts at Chita earthen ponds. Fish samples were collected from nine earthen ponds belonging to small-scale fish farmers for genetic characterization. Total DNA was extracted by using the phenol-chloroform technique. The genetic diversity was calculated by using the …

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Evaluation Of The Potential Of Freshly Bred Orange-Fleshed Sweet Potato Varieties In Combating Vitamin A Deficiency, Badi M. Bao, Leonard W.T. Fweja Mar 2020

Evaluation Of The Potential Of Freshly Bred Orange-Fleshed Sweet Potato Varieties In Combating Vitamin A Deficiency, Badi M. Bao, Leonard W.T. Fweja

Tanzania Journal of Science

Orange-fleshed sweet potato (OFSP) is advocated as a rich and readily accessible source of vitamin A. This study was done to evaluate the potential of the newly bred OFSP varieties in combating vitamin A deficiency. OFSP varieties and white fleshed sweet potato (WFSP) varieties were used for the study. β-carotene was extracted with acetone and  its spectrophotometric reading at 450 nm used to calculate its concentration. The optimum amount of OFSP required to meet vitamin A needs for children of different age groups were established. Results indicate that β-carotene was below detection levels in WFSP varieties but was detectable in …

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A Survey Of Fish Parasites From Pangani Catchment And Lake Kitangiri In Singida, Tanzania, Fred D. Chibwana, Johnson G. Mshana, Jestina V. Katandukila Mar 2020

A Survey Of Fish Parasites From Pangani Catchment And Lake Kitangiri In Singida, Tanzania, Fred D. Chibwana, Johnson G. Mshana, Jestina V. Katandukila

Tanzania Journal of Science

Inland water fisheries are a significant source of dietary protein to human populations, and consequently they are essential economic activities worldwide. However, both natural waters and aquaculture systems, which form the freshwater fisheries are faced with a problem of fish parasitic diseases which may result in reduced productivity and market value. The present study, therefore, carried out a survey on fish parasites from the Pangani catchment (Nyumba ya Mungu dam and Lake Jipe) and Lake Kitangiri in Singida Region in Tanzania to seal the gap of occurrence, diversity and abundance of helminths. Three species of fish viz. 111 African sharptooth …

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Density And Aboriginal Uses Of Wild Tree Species In Milawilila Forest Reserve In Morogoro Region, Tanzania, David Sylvester Kacholi Mar 2020

Density And Aboriginal Uses Of Wild Tree Species In Milawilila Forest Reserve In Morogoro Region, Tanzania, David Sylvester Kacholi

Tanzania Journal of Science

This study assessed density and local uses of wild tree species in Milawilila forest reserve, Morogoro rural district. A total of six transects were set in the forest for assessing density and diversity of trees. In each transect, three plots of 20 m x 20 m were established and all trees with Diameter at Breast Height (DBH) ≥ 10 cm were identified, counted and DBH recorded in each plot. A semi structured questionnaire was used to obtain data on the use of tree species by the locals. Data were analyzed using Microsoft Excel and Statistical Package for Social Science software. …

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Assessment Of The Phytotoxic Effects And Ecological Risks To Phaseolus Vulgaris Planted On Crude Oil Spiked Soils, Doris F. Ogeleka, Patrick C. Bokolo, Gloria O. Omoregie Mar 2020

Assessment Of The Phytotoxic Effects And Ecological Risks To Phaseolus Vulgaris Planted On Crude Oil Spiked Soils, Doris F. Ogeleka, Patrick C. Bokolo, Gloria O. Omoregie

Tanzania Journal of Science

Crude oil can contaminate environmental matrices during extraction, production, refining, loading and offloading. This study evaluated the phytotoxic effects and ecological risks to beans (Phaseolus vulgaris) planted on native soils spiked with concentrations of crude oil with a secondary aim to phytoremediate the soil. The results showed a decrease in plant heights (60.80 ± 2.11 to 25.30 ± 1.10 cm), leaf areas (40.00 ± 1.70 to 23.60 ± 1.40 cm2), leaf number (14.00 ± 0.00 to 8.00 ± 0.00), and stem girth (1.57 ± 0.06 to 1.33 ± 0.06 cm) with increasing crude oil concentrations. The total petroleum hydrocarbons (TPH) …

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Spore Germination For Three Edible Zimbabwean Mushrooms Using Biostimulants, Melody Pamire, Wilson Parawira Mar 2020

Spore Germination For Three Edible Zimbabwean Mushrooms Using Biostimulants, Melody Pamire, Wilson Parawira

Tanzania Journal of Science

Spores play critical roles in the population and community development of ectomycorrhizal fungi (EMF), which grow naturally in the presence of host plants. EMFs have not been cultivated commercially in most countries including those in Africa. In vitro germination of their spores is refractory and has been witnessed only in the presence of stimulants. In this study, germination of spores for three wild ectomycorrhizal fungi commonly collected in Zimbabwe was investigated under the influence of three biostimulants in Murashige and Skoog (MS) and Potato Dextrose Agar (PDA) media for the first time. The stimulatory capacity of tomato or potato roots …

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Isodon Diterpenoids, Derivatives And Their Pharmacological Potentials-A Review, Monica M. Ndoile Mar 2020

Isodon Diterpenoids, Derivatives And Their Pharmacological Potentials-A Review, Monica M. Ndoile

Tanzania Journal of Science

The searches of various literatures have shown the genus Isodon to be a source of different compounds with interesting biological activities. The genus has provided many efficacious herbal medicines that are used in various countries including China; therefore, it has become the centre of attention to phytochemistry and pharmacology researchers. There are many reports on chemical and biological aspects of Isodon species, especially in China and other parts of the world; however, reports on African Isodon species are scanty. Since the literature indicates the genus to be rich in diterpenoids with potential therapeutic activities as revealed herein, with African species …

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The Application Of Late Acceptance Heuristic Method For The Tanzanian High School Timetabling Problem, Allen R. Mushi Mar 2020

The Application Of Late Acceptance Heuristic Method For The Tanzanian High School Timetabling Problem, Allen R. Mushi

Tanzania Journal of Science

High School timetabling is the problem of scheduling lessons of different subjects and teachers to timeslots within a week, while satisfying a set of constraints which are classified into hard and soft constraints. This problem is different from university course timetabling problem because of the differences in structures including classroom allocations and grouping of subject combinations. Given the scarce education resources in developing countries, high school timetabling problem plays a very important role in optimizing the use of meager resources and therefore contribute to improvement of quality of education. The problem has attracted attention of many researchers around the world; …

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Geochemical Characterization Of The Paleoproterozoic Massif-Type Anorthosites From The Ubendian Belt, Tanzania, Nelson Boniface Mar 2020

Geochemical Characterization Of The Paleoproterozoic Massif-Type Anorthosites From The Ubendian Belt, Tanzania, Nelson Boniface

Tanzania Journal of Science

Paleoproterozoic massif-type anorthosites occur in Southern Ubendian Belt (Upangwa Terrane) in Tanzania, mainly as mafic-plutons (meta-anorthosite and meta-gabbro) associated with ultramafic stocks and titaniferous magnetite bodies. Variably metamorphosed silicic granitoids are also recorded in the area. This article presents geochemical characteristics of meta-anorthosites, meta-gabbros and the associated granitoids in order to determine their genetic links and geotectonic settings. The meta-anorthosites, meta-gabbros and meta-tonalite have indistinguishable chondrite normalized REE patterns displaying LREE-enriched patterns (e.g., (La/Sm)N = 1.97–6.10) and negatively sloping HREE ((La/Yb)N = 4.05–47.06) suggesting continental crustal affinity. The trace element patterns of the studied meta-anorthosites are characterized by enrichments of …

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Bayesian Estimation Of Regression Quantiles In The Presence Of Autocorrelated Errors, Ayoade I. Adewole, Olusoga A. F Fasoranbaku Mar 2020

Bayesian Estimation Of Regression Quantiles In The Presence Of Autocorrelated Errors, Ayoade I. Adewole, Olusoga A. F Fasoranbaku

Tanzania Journal of Science

This is a study of  Bayesian quantile regression that broadly considered the estimation of regression quantiles in the presence of autocorrelated error. Regression models are based on several important statistical assumptions upon which their inferences rely. Autocorrelation of the error terms violates the ordinary least squares regression assumption that error terms are uncorrelated which invalidate Gauss Markov theorem. This study designed schemes for estimation and making inference of regression quantiles in the presence of autocorrelated errors using Bayesian approach. Bayesian method to quantile regression models regards unknown parameters as random variables and the parameter uncertainty was taken into account without …

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Mapping Of The Geological Structures Using Digital Elevation Model (Dem)-Derived Flow Direction: A Case Study Of Rungwe Volcanic Province, Southwest Tanzania, Elisante Elisaimon Mshiu Mar 2020

Mapping Of The Geological Structures Using Digital Elevation Model (Dem)-Derived Flow Direction: A Case Study Of Rungwe Volcanic Province, Southwest Tanzania, Elisante Elisaimon Mshiu

Tanzania Journal of Science

This study aimed to assess the potentiality of Digital Elevation Model (DEM)-derived flow direction in mapping geologic structures, specifically in areas with thick overburden of soil or volcanic materials such as in the Rungwe Volcanic Province, SW Tanzania. Clustering of flow directions based on trends of structure sets found in the study area was applied and it successfully revealed a large number of geological structures through demarcated tectonic blocks from patterns created by flow directions. Northwest–southwest (NW-SE) and NE-SW- trending lineaments are the dominant structural sets in the area whereas N-S and E-W-trending lineaments constitute the minor sets. Moreover, the …

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Epidemiological Significance Of Parasitic Infections In Olive Baboons (Papio Anubis) At Gombe National Park, Tanzania, Jared S. Bakuza Mar 2020

Epidemiological Significance Of Parasitic Infections In Olive Baboons (Papio Anubis) At Gombe National Park, Tanzania, Jared S. Bakuza

Tanzania Journal of Science

Several parasites of significant health importance have been observed in baboons at Gombe National Park in western Tanzania.  However, little is known on impacts these infections have on baboon health. Baboon stools were examined for parasites using formol-ethyl technique and their health and troop membership associated with parasitic infections. Observed nematode parasites were; Streptopharagus sp., Physaloptera sp., unidentified nematodes, hookworms and Trichuris sp. Trematode parasites included Schistosoma mansoni and unidentified trematode, with the latter’s intensity being highest in DB troop baboons. Parasite egg counts (epg) for nematodes ranged from 9 to 12, and that of trematodes from 4 to 40 …

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Monodisperse Polystyrene Microspheres: Studies On The Effects Of Reaction Parameters On Particle Diameter And Colloidal Stability, Ikhazuagbe H. Ifijen, Esther U. Ikhuoria Mar 2020

Monodisperse Polystyrene Microspheres: Studies On The Effects Of Reaction Parameters On Particle Diameter And Colloidal Stability, Ikhazuagbe H. Ifijen, Esther U. Ikhuoria

Tanzania Journal of Science

The synthesis of highly monodisperse polystyrene (PS) microspheres via surfactant-free emulsion polymerization process was successfully carried out. Various reaction conditions such as initiator amount, monomer amount, reaction temperature and stirring speed were varied with a view to studying the effects of these polymerization parameters on the particle diameter and colloidal stability of the synthesized PS microspheres. Microscopic analysis revealed that the as-synthesized particles are spherical in shape without any form of agglomeration. Thermo-gravimetric analyzer (TGA) analysis revealed that the prepared PS sample completely degrades at 465 °C. DLS analysis showed a reduction in the average particle diameters of the as-synthesized …

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Agricultural Information Sources, Channels And Strategies For Sharing Agricultural Research Findings Among Farmers In Iringa District In Tanzania, Andrew Malekani, Christian Mubofu Mar 2020

Agricultural Information Sources, Channels And Strategies For Sharing Agricultural Research Findings Among Farmers In Iringa District In Tanzania, Andrew Malekani, Christian Mubofu

Library Philosophy and Practice (e-journal)

The aim of this research was to investigate the agricultural information sources and strategies for disseminating agricultural research findings to farmers in Iringa District, Tanzania. A total of 90 farmers were interviewed by using self-administered questionnaire. The statistical Package for Service Solutions (SPSS) software and Spreadsheet were used as instruments to analyse the findings. Results of this study indicate that radios, church leaders, village leaders and seminars are the main channels of information used by extension officers to disseminate agricultural information to farmers. With regard to strategies the study revealed that, the use of religious leaders and government officials; use …

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The “Indo” In The “Indo-Pacific”—An Indian View, Yogendra Kumar, Probal K. Ghosh Mar 2020

The “Indo” In The “Indo-Pacific”—An Indian View, Yogendra Kumar, Probal K. Ghosh

Naval War College Review

While some security arrangements exist in the Indo-Pacific, there is no overall regional security architecture, geopolitical headwinds are causing existing arrangements to wobble, and loose groupings of countries are emerging either to strengthen or to weaken those arrangements. India’s strategic stakes are growing, but it faces capacity and capability issues that impose prioritization constraints.

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Religious Beliefs, Social Pressure, And Stigma: Rural Women’S Perceptions And Beliefs About Vasectomy In Pwani, Tanzania, Eunice Pallangyo, Agnes Msoka, Sharon Brownie, Eleanor Holroyd Mar 2020

Religious Beliefs, Social Pressure, And Stigma: Rural Women’S Perceptions And Beliefs About Vasectomy In Pwani, Tanzania, Eunice Pallangyo, Agnes Msoka, Sharon Brownie, Eleanor Holroyd

School of Nursing & Midwifery, East Africa

Despite being a reliable and cost effective family planning method, vasectomy remains underutilized in many low resource settings such as East Africa. We explored rural women’s perceptions and beliefs regarding barriers to vasectomy use in the low resource setting of Pwani, Tanzania. The qualitative study used in-depth semi-structured interviews to obtain data. Purposive sampling was used to recruit 20 married/cohabiting women with two or more children. Thematic analysis guided the data analysis, with qualitative data reporting informed by COREQ guidelines. Most participants were Muslim and had between two and six children. Most had completed primary-level education and were engaged in …

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Pilot Study: Educational Tool Reduces Parental Stress At Home Post Pediatric Cardiac Surgery, Rachel Barsella Mar 2020

Pilot Study: Educational Tool Reduces Parental Stress At Home Post Pediatric Cardiac Surgery, Rachel Barsella

College of Science and Health Theses and Dissertations

Congenital heart disease is a prevalent health issue in patients around the world. Approximately 8 in 1,000 live births are complicated by congenital heart disease (Ndile & Kohi, 2011). Increased levels of stress and anxiety have been reported by parents of children with congenital heart disease throughout the process of cardiac surgery, hospitalization, and especially discharge home (Brown & Smith, 2018). This pilot research study utilized pre-intervention and post-intervention survey methodology to examine the impact of an educational tool on parental stress while caring for their child at home post cardiac surgery. The educational tool created by the researcher was …

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Neutrophil Infiltration Into The Cervical Compartment Is Suppressed By Hiv Infection, Madeline Maschka Mar 2020

Neutrophil Infiltration Into The Cervical Compartment Is Suppressed By Hiv Infection, Madeline Maschka

Honors Program: Senior Projects (Public)

Human Papillomavirus (HPV), is a small circular dsDNA virus with at least 200 different genotypes; each genotype is identified by at least 10% difference at the DNA level in the L1 capsid gene. Each HPV genotype affects the body in different tissues, either mucosal or cutaneous. Mucosal HPVs type 16 and 18 are known as high-risk strains, since HPV infection is the most common cause of cervical cancer and plays a central role in formation of precancerous lesions. Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) damages the body’s immune system by targeting CD4+ T cells. Once CD4+ T cells are infected, the body …

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Blockchain: A Disruptive And Transformative Technology Of The Fourth Industrial Revolution, Mark J. Mwandosya, Matthew L. Luhanga Mar 2020

Blockchain: A Disruptive And Transformative Technology Of The Fourth Industrial Revolution, Mark J. Mwandosya, Matthew L. Luhanga

Business Management Review

The blockchain, a technology that is variously described as Web 3.0 or the internet of value, is expected to play a disruptive and transformative role in the Fourth Industrial Revolution (4IR). As a digital platform, it is disrupting legacy business models and creating new ones. While much work is currently being undertaken on the advances and utilization of this nascent technology, there is a paucity of scholarly output, particularly from African centers of learning. This paper describes the evolution and development of the technology, its positive elements, and barriers to its application. Suggestions are made on opportunities available to African …

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The Impact Of Entrepreneurship Education And Entrepreneurial Attitude On Entrepreneurial Intentions Among Undergraduate Students In Uganda, Moses Kisame Kisubi, Michael Korir, Ronald Bonuke Mar 2020

The Impact Of Entrepreneurship Education And Entrepreneurial Attitude On Entrepreneurial Intentions Among Undergraduate Students In Uganda, Moses Kisame Kisubi, Michael Korir, Ronald Bonuke

Business Management Review

The study aimed at establishing the impact of entrepreneurship education and attitude on students ' entrepreneurial intentions using Liñán ' s entrepreneurial intention model. To attain the objective of the study, a cross sectional and explanatory survey approach were employed. Systematic sampling technique was utilized to collect data from a sample of 458 final year undergraduate students from Makerere and Kyambogo Universities in Uganda. Data was analyzed using Hayes (2018) Process macro vs3.2 (Model 4). Study findings indicate that there is no significant difference in the entrepreneurial intentions between business and non-business students. Entrepreneurship education and attitude were found to …

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Hospitality Employment Perceptions Among Non-Hospitality Management Students And Their Implications For Subsequent Job Hire In The Industry, John J. Sanga Mar 2020

Hospitality Employment Perceptions Among Non-Hospitality Management Students And Their Implications For Subsequent Job Hire In The Industry, John J. Sanga

Business Management Review

This paper analyses the implications for hiring non-hospitality students in the hospitality industry. Specifically, it focuses on their perceptions and intentions. It also examines the role industry exposure plays in shaping the students ' perceptions and intentions towards hospitality employment. The data was collected from final year students studying business management programmes at the University of Dar es Salaam in Tanzania. Results show that in general, business management students negatively perceive the tourism industry and associated career prospects. On the other hand, the nature of work, pay and benefits and physical work conditions were found to be insignificant and powerful …

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Organizational Justice And Job Satisfaction Among Different Employee Groups: The Mediating Role Of Trust, Jacqueline Ngeleshi, Theresia Dominic Mar 2020

Organizational Justice And Job Satisfaction Among Different Employee Groups: The Mediating Role Of Trust, Jacqueline Ngeleshi, Theresia Dominic

Business Management Review

In an increasingly volatile labor market, organizations need to find ways to improve employees ' trust in order to retain them. This study uses data from 212 employees from the Tanzania Revenue Authority (TRA) in Tanzania to examine the effect of organizational justice and level of trust on job satisfaction across different groups of employees by gender and tenure. The study proposed that the level of trust would mediate the influence of organizational justice on job satisfaction levels of all employees and within employee sub-groups categorized by gender and tenure. The study then confirms the hypotheses by using structural equation …

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The Effect Of Mobile Money Uses On Rudimentary Financial Literacy In Tanzania, Regina Nyakale, Deogratius M.B. Rugaimukamu, Rocky J. Akaro Mar 2020

The Effect Of Mobile Money Uses On Rudimentary Financial Literacy In Tanzania, Regina Nyakale, Deogratius M.B. Rugaimukamu, Rocky J. Akaro

Business Management Review

Understanding the relationship between mobile money financial services and rudimentary financial literacy could greatly inform strategies towards the improvement of financial services. This paper examines the effect of mobile money financial services on the rudimentary financial literacy of household members in Mbeya and Dodoma regions. The study specifically intended to jointly model the prevalence of mobile money financial services and rudimentary financial literacy by employing the bivariate probit regression model. A questionnaire was used to obtain data from 384 household members aged at least 18 years who were engaged in economic activities in 2018. The results show that age, education …

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