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2015

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Epidemiology Of Latency And Relapse In Plasmodium Vivax Malaria, Andrew A. Lover Dec 2014

Epidemiology Of Latency And Relapse In Plasmodium Vivax Malaria, Andrew A. Lover

Andrew Lover

Malaria is a major contributor to health burdens throughout the regions where it is endemic. Historically, it was believed that there was limited morbidity and essentially no mortality associated with Plasmodium vivax; however, evidence from diverse settings now suggests that infections with P. vivax can be both severe and fatal. This awareness has highlighted a critical gap: the vast majority of research has been directed towards P. falciparum, leading to a decades-long neglect of epidemiological and clinical studies of P. vivax. There exists a large body of historical data on human experimental infections with P. vivax; these studies in controlled …

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Agency Boundaries And Network Neutrality, Tejas N. Narechania Dec 2014

Agency Boundaries And Network Neutrality, Tejas N. Narechania

Tejas N. Narechania

The Federal Communications Commission’s latest network neutrality regulations, released in 2015, have been the subject of compliment and critique by a varied set of politicians, industry leaders, and scholars. But a potentially surprising font of criticism for these new rules lies within the administration itself: During the FCC’s rule-making proceeding, the Federal Trade Commission cautioned that the FCC could undermine the FTC’s authority to sanction unfair and anticompetitive conduct in broadband industries by activating its powers under Title II of the Communications Act. Simultaneously, members of the FTC argued that it, rather than the FCC, was better suited to address …

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Considerations For Comprehensive Analyses Of Sporozoite-Based Controlled Human Malaria Infection Studies, Andrew A. Lover Dec 2014

Considerations For Comprehensive Analyses Of Sporozoite-Based Controlled Human Malaria Infection Studies, Andrew A. Lover

Andrew Lover

There has been renewed interest in the use of sporozoite-based approaches for controlled human malaria infections (CHMIs), and several sets of human challenge studies have recently completed. A study undertaken in Tanzania and published in 2014 found dose dependence between 10,000 and 25,000 sporozoite doses, as well as divergent times-to-parasitemia relative to earlier studies in European volunteers, with important implications for planning future studies. Analysis of time-to-event data has had extensive development in recent years, but these methods have had limited exposure outside biostatistics. Expansion of the published analyses to include recent methodological approaches optimized for the types of data …

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Short Report: Study Variability In Recent Human Challenge Experiments With Plasmodium Falciparum Sporozoites (Pfspz Challenge), Andrew A. Lover Dec 2014

Short Report: Study Variability In Recent Human Challenge Experiments With Plasmodium Falciparum Sporozoites (Pfspz Challenge), Andrew A. Lover

Andrew Lover

There has been renewed interest in the use of sporozoite-based approaches for malaria vaccination and controlled human infections, and several sets of human challenge studies have recently completed. A study undertaken in Tanzania and published in 2014 found dose-dependence between 10,000 and 25,000 sporozoite doses, as well as divergent times-to-parasitemia relative to earlier studies in European volunteers. However, this analysis shows that these conclusions are based upon suboptimal analytical methods; with more optimal analysis, there is no evidence for dose-dependence within this dose range; and more importantly, no evidence for differences in event times between Dutch and Tanzanian study sites. …

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The Economics Of Diabetes, Diet Quality And Obesity, Sven Anders, Christiane Schroeter Dec 2014

The Economics Of Diabetes, Diet Quality And Obesity, Sven Anders, Christiane Schroeter

Christiane Schroeter

No abstract provided.

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The Face Of Our Wartime, Sharon Sliwinski Dec 2014

The Face Of Our Wartime, Sharon Sliwinski

Sharon Sliwinski

This paper considers a turn toward portraiture amongst contemporary photojournalists who have covered the War on Terror. A series of wartime faces is examined in order to consider the way prolonged conflict flattens our visual landscape.

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Inventing Human Dignity, Sharon Sliwinski Dec 2014

Inventing Human Dignity, Sharon Sliwinski

Sharon Sliwinski

Are human beings endowed with an inviolable dignity? Or is dignity something that is lost and won? One of the most significant assertions made in the 1948 Universal Declaration of Human Rights (UDHR) is the statement that every individual possesses an inalienable dignity simply by virtue of belonging to the “human family.” This chapter aims to make a modest contribution to the emerging scholarship on the history and meaning of dignity as it pertains to universal human rights. My goal is to trace how this particular quality came to be affixed to the human …

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Promoting The Growing Field Of Dynamic Decision Making, Andreas Fischer, Daniel V. Holt, Joachim Funke Dec 2014

Promoting The Growing Field Of Dynamic Decision Making, Andreas Fischer, Daniel V. Holt, Joachim Funke

Joachim Funke

A new journal is starting with this page, and we – the editors – hope that this launch will be a successful one! Before we start with the normal course of the editorial business, let us explain why we made the decision to start a new journal. Most decisions in our everyday lives are part of dynamic decision making processes. They usually are not isolated acts but take place in a context, with a history of events leading up to the decision and a future unfolding after the decision has been taken shaping our options for later decisions. Additionally our …

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Laypeople's Risky Decisions In The Climate Change Context: Climate Engineering As A Risk-Defusing Strategy?, Dorothee Amelung, Joachim Funke Dec 2014

Laypeople's Risky Decisions In The Climate Change Context: Climate Engineering As A Risk-Defusing Strategy?, Dorothee Amelung, Joachim Funke

Joachim Funke

This study explores the development of laypeople’s preferences for newly emerg- ing climate engineering technology (CE). It examines whether laypeople perceive CE to be an acceptable back-up strategy (plan B) if current efforts to mitigate CO2 emissions were to fail. This idea is a common justification for CE research in the scientific debate andmay significantly influence future public debates. Ninety-eight German participants chose their preferred climate policy strategy in a quasi-realistic scenario. Participants could chose between mitigation and three CE techniques as alternative options.We employed a think-aloud interview technique, which allowed us to trace participants’ informational needs and thought processes. …

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Does Visualization Enhance Complex Problem Solving? The Effect Of Causal Mapping On Performance In The Computer-Based Microworld Tailorshop, Michael Öllinger, Stephanie Hammon, Michael Von Grundherr, Joachim Funke Dec 2014

Does Visualization Enhance Complex Problem Solving? The Effect Of Causal Mapping On Performance In The Computer-Based Microworld Tailorshop, Michael Öllinger, Stephanie Hammon, Michael Von Grundherr, Joachim Funke

Joachim Funke

Causal mapping is often recognized as a technique to support strategic decisions and actions in complex problem situations. Such drawing of causal structures is supposed to particularly foster the understanding of the interaction of the various system elements and to further encourage holistic thinking. It builds on the idea that humans make use of mental maps to represent their environment and to make predictions about it. However, a profound theoretical underpinning and empirical research of the effects of causal mapping on problem solving is missing. This study compares a causal mapping approach with more common problem solving techniques utilizing the …

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Losing Ground: Urban Sacrifice Zones In The Mississippi River Basin, Shelby Elizabeth Doyle Dec 2014

Losing Ground: Urban Sacrifice Zones In The Mississippi River Basin, Shelby Elizabeth Doyle

Shelby Elizabeth Doyle

The term sacrifice zone derives from the study of traditional agricultural practices where cultivators deliberately degraded one area to increase productivity in another area. The term has been appropriated into political and economic discourse and used to describe areas degraded by modern industrial societies in the pursuit of economic gain.

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Surviving The Streets Of New York: Experiences Of Lgbtq, Ymsm, And Ywsw Youth Engaged In Survival Sex, Brendan M. Conner Esq. Dec 2014

Surviving The Streets Of New York: Experiences Of Lgbtq, Ymsm, And Ywsw Youth Engaged In Survival Sex, Brendan M. Conner Esq.

Brendan M. Conner

In 2011, researchers from the Urban Institute launched a three-year study of lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and queer or questioning (LGBTQ) youth; young men who have sex with men (YMSM); and young women who have sex with women (YWSW) engaged in survival sex in New York City. Working in partnership with the New York City–based organization Streetwise and Safe (SAS), researchers trained youth leaders to conduct in-depth interviews with a total of 283 youths who engaged in survival sex in New York City and identified themselves as LGBTQ, YMSM, or YWSW. During these interviews, youth were asked a wide range …

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Measuring The Research Readiness Of Academic And Research Librarians: A Project Report Of The Institute For Research Design In Librarianship, Kristine R. Brancolini, Marie R. Kennedy Dec 2014

Measuring The Research Readiness Of Academic And Research Librarians: A Project Report Of The Institute For Research Design In Librarianship, Kristine R. Brancolini, Marie R. Kennedy

Kristine R. Brancolini

The Institute for Research Design in Librarianship (IRDL) is a continuing education program designed to help academic and research librarians improve their research skills and increase their research output. Funded by a grant from the Institute of Museum and Library Services (IMLS), the centerpiece of the project is a nine-day workshop on research design each summer for three years, 2014–2016. Twenty-one participants each year will leave the IRDL with increased knowledge of research skills and with a viable research proposal to be conducted during the following academic year. Project assessment is carried out each of the three years with input …

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Specialized Standards Of Review, Jonas Anderson Dec 2014

Specialized Standards Of Review, Jonas Anderson

J. Jonas Anderson

ABSTRACT The applicable standard of review on appeal is governed by a simple rule: appellate courts review questions of law de novo, questions of fact for "clear error, " and questions of discretion for "abuse of discretion.

Despite the apparent simplicity of the rule, its application has been uneven, to state it mildly. Scholars have written extensively about the application of the rule, but have yet to consider whether the traditional rule of "deference " should be altered when the appellate court is a specialized court. Despite the dearth of legal scholarship on specialized deference, the Supreme Court is keenly …

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Influence Of Extrinsic And Intrinsic Rewards On Employee Engagement (Empirical Study In Public Sector Of Uganda), Peter Adoko Obicci Esq. Dec 2014

Influence Of Extrinsic And Intrinsic Rewards On Employee Engagement (Empirical Study In Public Sector Of Uganda), Peter Adoko Obicci Esq.

Peter Adoko Obicci

Considerable attention has been given to the identification of key forms of reward and its linkage to employee engagement. For this purpose following study aims to uncover the influence of extrinsic and intrinsic rewards on employee engagement in the public sector of Uganda. A sample of 184 public sector employees was randomly selected and taken from Gulu district. A quantitative approach based survey in form of closed ended Five Point Likert-Scale questionnaire was designed and used to implore responses from participants. 184 questionnaires was distributed, 180 were returned, processed and only 176 were found usable. Data collected were then analyzed …

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Effect Of Workplace Bullying On Employee Performance In The Public Sector, Peter Adoko Obicci Esq. Dec 2014

Effect Of Workplace Bullying On Employee Performance In The Public Sector, Peter Adoko Obicci Esq.

Peter Adoko Obicci

Workplace bullying presents a serious problem causing substantial damage to the employees, the organization and the society as a whole. The focus of this research is two-fold: to find out if workplace bullying exists in Uganda, and to examine its effects on employee performance. By using a questionnaire survey, data was collected from 180 public employees in Uganda. The results indicate that bullying is present in workplaces in Uganda and poses a serious problem for the respondents affecting their performances adversely. The research contributes to the literature on workplace bullying by developing a comprehensive framework that examines its existence and …

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Corporate "Human Rights" To Intellectual Property Protection, J. Janewa Osei Tutu Dec 2014

Corporate "Human Rights" To Intellectual Property Protection, J. Janewa Osei Tutu

J. Janewa Osei-Tutu

The global intellectual property system protects the interests of intellectual property owners, sometimes to the detriment of competing interests like public health or access to knowledge. Some scholars have proposed a human rights framework for intellectual property as a way to inject balance into the current system. However, the assertion that human rights will bring balance is often coupled with the assumption that corporations are, by definition, excluded from human rights-based intellectual property claims. Yet, corporations have used, and are likely to continue to use, human rights law to ground their intellectual property claims. Since multinational corporations were a major …

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Revisiting The Unesco Debate On A New World Information And Communication Order: Has The Nwico Been Achieved By Other Means?, Carrie Buchanan Dec 2014

Revisiting The Unesco Debate On A New World Information And Communication Order: Has The Nwico Been Achieved By Other Means?, Carrie Buchanan

Carrie Buchanan

At the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) in the 1970s and 1980s, the central debate concerned the New World Information and Communication Order (NWICO). While the NWICO movement died stillborn in the mid-1980s, this paper examines whether the world has achieved, by alternative means, at least part of what was envisioned. The widespread availability of cellular telephones, the rise of the internet, and the new phenomenon of citizen journalism have changed the communication landscape significantly since the 1980s. So have the many non-governmental organizations (NGOs) that have taken on the cause, moving the campaign from the intergovernmental …

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Qrseh Pubble April 2016.Pdf, Rebecca Busanich Dec 2014

Qrseh Pubble April 2016.Pdf, Rebecca Busanich

Rebecca Busanich

No abstract provided.

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A Meta-Analysis On Involvement In Learning Outcomes Across On-Ground, Online, And Hybrid Classroom Settings, An H. Dang, Hannah L. Smith, R. M. Mueller Dec 2014

A Meta-Analysis On Involvement In Learning Outcomes Across On-Ground, Online, And Hybrid Classroom Settings, An H. Dang, Hannah L. Smith, R. M. Mueller

Reed M. Mueller, Ph.D.

In this meta-analysis we investigate the influence of psychological sense of community (PSOC) on post-secondary students’ outcomes. When comparing the OG and FO settings, the Hedges’s g of .343 (p = .003) indicated that on-ground courses have a moderate, positive effect on student involvement in learning outcomes when measured by CCS than those in fully online courses. The When comparing the OG and Hy settings, there was no significant difference between students in these groups with regard to self-reported student involvement in learning [Hedges’s g = .164, p = .362)].

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An Economic Analysis Of Liability And Compensation For Harm From Large-Scale Solar Climate Engineering Field Research, Jesse Reynolds Dec 2014

An Economic Analysis Of Liability And Compensation For Harm From Large-Scale Solar Climate Engineering Field Research, Jesse Reynolds

Jesse Reynolds

Solar climate engineering is under increasing consideration as a potential means to reduce climate change risks. Its field research may generate knowledge to reduce climate risks to humans and the environment and will, at sufficient scales, pose its own risks, some of which will be transboundary. Liability or compensation for harm is frequently referenced as a possible component of international regulation of solar climate engineering but has been insufficiently elaborated. This article offers an economic analysis of the possible interrelated roles of rules, liability, and compensation in the future international regulation of large-scale solar climate engineering field research. Notably, the …

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Counterproductive Communication Patterns, Pa Der Vang Dec 2014

Counterproductive Communication Patterns, Pa Der Vang

Pa Der Vang, PhD, MSW, LICSW

No abstract provided.

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Hmong, Mental Health, And Acculturation, Pa Der Vang Dec 2014

Hmong, Mental Health, And Acculturation, Pa Der Vang

Pa Der Vang, PhD, MSW, LICSW

Early studies of Hmong refugees in the U.S. indicated high rates of mental distress related
to post-migration stressors such as grief and loss, poverty, and social adversity. This study
explores the mental health status of two generations of Hmong Americans 38 years after
their first migration. The relationship between acculturation and mental health of 191 1st
and 2nd generation Hmong are reported. Results indicated relatively low reports of
depressive symptoms and medium to high rates of acculturation to American society. The
results are unrelated to demographic factors indicating resilience and adaptation to
Western society despite age and generational status and …

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Hair-Oriented Data Model For Spatio-Temporal Data Mining, Abbas Madraky, Zulaiha Ali Othman, Razak Hamdan Dec 2014

Hair-Oriented Data Model For Spatio-Temporal Data Mining, Abbas Madraky, Zulaiha Ali Othman, Razak Hamdan

Abbas Madraky

Spatio-temporal data are complex in terms of number of attributes for spatial and temporal values, and the data are changing towards time. Traditional method to mining the spatio-temporal data is the fact that the data is stored in data warehouse in un-normalization form as union of spatial and temporal data know as tabular data warehouse. A Hair-Oriented Data Model (HODM) has been proved as a suitable data model for spatio-temporal data. It has reduced the file size and decreased query execution time. The spatio-temporal data stored using the HODM known as Hair-Oriented Data warehouse. However, this paper aims to presents …

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Law Abiding Drones, Henry H. Perritt Jr., Eliot O. Sprague Dec 2014

Law Abiding Drones, Henry H. Perritt Jr., Eliot O. Sprague

Henry H. Perritt, Jr.

Law Abiding Drones

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Making Civilian Drones Safe: Performance Standards, Self-Certification, And Post-Sale Data Collection (With Albert J. Plawinski), Henry H. Perritt Jr. Dec 2014

Making Civilian Drones Safe: Performance Standards, Self-Certification, And Post-Sale Data Collection (With Albert J. Plawinski), Henry H. Perritt Jr.

Henry H. Perritt, Jr.

Making Civilian Drones Safe: Performance Standards, Self-Certification, and Post-Sale Data Collection (with Albert J. Plawinski)

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No Endowment Effect When People Transact Secondhand Goods Over The Internet, Sergio Da Silva, Raul Matsushita, Eliza Silveira Dec 2014

No Endowment Effect When People Transact Secondhand Goods Over The Internet, Sergio Da Silva, Raul Matsushita, Eliza Silveira

Sergio Da Silva

We set up a field experiment of the endowment effect by considering thrift shops in Facebook chat rooms and college chat rooms dedicated to secondhand goods transactions. Owners of goods held for use are generally expected to show the endowment effect, but here we show these very owners (most of them females) switch to a trader-like behavior when conducting transactions in the thrift shops and, as a result, the endowment effect vanishes.

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Handedness And Digit Ratio Predict Overconfidence In Cognitive And Motor Skill Tasks In A Sample Of Preschoolers, Sergio Da Silva, Bruno Moreira, Newton Da Costa Jr Dec 2014

Handedness And Digit Ratio Predict Overconfidence In Cognitive And Motor Skill Tasks In A Sample Of Preschoolers, Sergio Da Silva, Bruno Moreira, Newton Da Costa Jr

Sergio Da Silva

In a sample of 141 preschoolers, ages 4 to 6, we find children display overconfidence in cognitive and motor skill tasks, a result that replicates that of adults. Both set of findings suggest the bias may not be learned behavior. Moreover, we find right-handed children to display more overconfidence in the cognitive task, whereas low digit-ratio children show more overconfidence in fine and gross motor skill tasks. Handedness polymorphism has been linked to neurological differences, and in literature low digit ratios are commonly associated with high fetal testosterone.

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Some Statistical Properties Of The Mini Flash Crashes, Guilherme Demos, Sergio Da Silva, Raul Matsushita Dec 2014

Some Statistical Properties Of The Mini Flash Crashes, Guilherme Demos, Sergio Da Silva, Raul Matsushita

Sergio Da Silva

We present some properties of the data from the recent mini flash crashes occurring in individual stocks of the Dow Jones Industrial Average. The top five are: 1) Gaussianity is absent in data; 2) the tail decay of the return distributions follow power laws; 3) chaos and logperiodicity cannot be dismissed at first; 4) chaos and logperiodicity are not good models for the data on second thoughts; and 5) a threshold GARCH fit can also describe the data well, but fails to detect the power law tail decay of most distributions of returns.

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Anchoring Heuristic Messes With Inflation Targeting, Evelin Da Silva, Sergio Da Silva Dec 2014

Anchoring Heuristic Messes With Inflation Targeting, Evelin Da Silva, Sergio Da Silva

Sergio Da Silva

We evaluate recent inflation-targeting using Brazilian data and also consider the framework of the macroeconomic model of adaptive learning blended with a cognitive psychology approach. We suggest that forecasters interpret the inflation target as an anchor, and adjust to it accordingly. As current inflation increases above the target level, a central bank loses credibility, and forecasters start the adjustment from the top because they expect an even higher future inflation. Then, they move back to the core target within a range of uncertainty, but the adjustment is likely to end before the core is reached, as predicted by the psychological …

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