Digital Commons Network^™

Evaluating The Impact Of Lo-Fi Music On Concentration In Physics Learning Among Senior High School Students, Qotrunnada Haq, Tutut Pristiati, Ika Wahyu Widyawati

Journal of Innovation and Teacher Professionalism

Learning concentration is a key component of an effective learning process, particularly for students who frequently encounter various distractions. In the modern era, adolescents often listen to music while studying, and previous studies have shown that music may either enhance or hinder concentration. However, research on the specific influence of low-fidelity (lo-fi) music remains limited. This study employed a quantitative approach with a pre-experimental design involving Grade XI science students at SMAN 1 Dramaga, Bogor. A total of 70 students participated, divided evenly into experimental and control groups. Research instruments included observation sheets, detailed lesson plans (RPP), and questionnaires. The …

Ivan Pavlov’S Behaviorism Theory: Its Implementation In The Teaching And Learning Process, Rofiq Alfawwazy, Anggun Nurhidayah

Journal of Innovation and Teacher Professionalism

Ivan Pavlov’s behaviorism theory, which emphasizes the stimulus–response relationship through classical conditioning, holds a significant role in the field of education. This study examines the application of Pavlovian principles in learning through a literature review of five selected articles published between 2021 and 2025. The findings indicate that behaviorist strategies are effective in shaping students’ behavior, particularly in fostering discipline, responsibility, and task compliance, primarily through reinforcement methods such as praise, rewards, and social recognition. Nonetheless, the behaviorist approach also reveals several limitations, including rigid learning structures, diminished creativity, and overreliance on external stimuli. The implementation of behaviorist techniques differs …

Data Altruism: Eu Solution And Path Of Localization In China, Teng Wu

Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Chinese Version)

Data altruism transcends the profit-seeking, monopolistic and competitive nature of the market mechanism. It is driven by innovation and encourages data subjects and holders to share information guided by the public interest. As a new type of data application and service model, it aims to achieve a virtuous cycle of the data ecosystem while optimize the utilization of data resources. Tracing back to the source, the theoretical foundation of data altruism from the ethical theory of altruism, and the concept of its budding was supported by the data for good. Analysis shows that the specific scheme of the EU data …

Effects Of Social Support Interventions On Medical Patient Survival: A Meta-Analysis Of Non-Randomized Clinical Trials, Ksenia Illinykh-Bair, Timothy B. Smith

Faculty Publications

Background: Prior research confirms that social support promotes resilience among medical patients with chronic illness. Beyond emotional benefits, research has increasingly shown the importance of social support on physical health outcomes. Therefore, identifying and evaluating interventions that increase social support among medical patients with chronic conditions is a priority for healthcare. Methods: This meta-analysis summarized data from 39,493 medical patients across 14 non-randomized trials that had been identified by a prior review of the survival benefits of social support interventions. Results: Across four studies reporting hazard ratio data, the results failed to reach statistical significance (HR = 2.10, 95% CI …

The Use Of Artificial Intelligence In Decreasing Vaccine Skepticism And Hesitancy, Nathaniel Wolf, Nhan Nguyen, Rojelio Mejia

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Purpose of review: Recent advances in artificial intelligence (AI) coincide with decreases in confidence in vaccines. This review examines studies that analyze and mitigate vaccine skepticism by implementing artificial intelligence strategies in various ways.

Recent findings: Studies have explored public attitudes towards vaccines using AI to analyze language in social media postings and interactions, scrutinize AI responses to vaccine-related queries, and attempt to use AI to directly influence vaccine hesitancy. Findings show that AI can be effective in addressing vaccine hesitancy in various ways, including, but not limited to, directly interacting with vaccine-hesitant groups, identifying reasons for vaccine hesitancy, and …

Humanizing Online Learning Through Culturally Responsive Pedagogy: Preserving Cultural Identity And Human Connection In Digital Spaces, Michael Mills

International Journal of Teaching and Learning in Higher Education

The rapid shift to online and hybrid learning environments has highlighted the need for culturally responsive pedagogical approaches in digital spaces. While much research has explored culturally responsive teaching in traditional classrooms, less attention has been paid to how these principles can be effectively translated to online learning environments. This article examines how culturally responsive pedagogy can be meaningfully integrated into online learning spaces through intentional course design, assessment practices, and community building. Drawing from existing literature on culturally responsive teaching, online learning, and digital equity, this paper provides a framework for educators to create more inclusive and culturally sustaining …

Enhancing Deep Learning And Workload Management In Online Education: The Power Of Scaffolded Weekly Assessments, Maryam Mohammad Zadeh, Rebecca Ferrari

International Journal of Teaching and Learning in Higher Education

This study investigates the use of scaffolded weekly assessments with individual feedback in promoting deep learning and managing workload among engineering students in online education. The research focuses on how these assessment strategies shape students’ learning approaches and workload distribution. The study involved the implementation of weekly assessments aligned with intended learning outcomes, complemented by personalized feedback. Data collection comprised student surveys and qualitative feedback to assess the impact on learning approaches and workload management. The qualitative results show that 91.9% of the students adopted deep learning, where only 8.1% engaging in surface learning. Students reported that this approach not …

Doctoral Students’ Perceived Academic Research Reading Ability: A Mixed-Methods Study, Ryan Glaman

International Journal of Teaching and Learning in Higher Education

Empirical research is useful for informing educational policy and practice. However, doctoral students often struggle with reading and evaluating empirical research papers. The present study examined doctoral students’ perceptions of their ability to read and evaluate empirical research articles, both before and after an educational research methods course, as well as which course components students perceived as most impacting their ability to read and evaluate research articles. The study used a convergent mixed methods design, involving pre- and post-course survey data. Results indicated students felt they improved in their experience levels, comfort levels, interpretation ability, and evaluation ability regarding reading …

Engaging Asl-English Interpreting Undergraduates In Research: A Model For Student Engagement And Faculty Productivity, Kimberly J. Hale, Valerie Freeman

Journal of Interpretation

Engaging undergraduate ASL-English interpreting students in research yields multiple benefits beyond enhancing faculty scholarly productivity. In this innovative practices article, we first summarize scholarly literature showing that including undergraduates in research experiences supports development of career-readiness skills while simultaneously building the pipeline of future faculty. We then discuss the benefits of undergraduate research experiences and argue that research activities can be integrated throughout an interpreter education program curriculum. Using a detailed description of a course-based undergraduate research experience (CURE) and course-embedded project examples, we demonstrate how structured research experiences can be integrated into programs without creating additional burden for faculty …

The Effects Of A Nurse-Led Peace Program On Perceived Peaceful End-Of-Life And Quality Of Life Among Head And Neck Cancer Patients Undergoing Concurrent Chemoradiation, Sirinya Pimvichai, Yaowarat Matchim, Tanadej Sinthusake, Kiratiya Wongkalasin

Journal of Health Research

Background: Evidence indicates that peaceful end-of-life care programs benefit terminally ill patients, with nurses playing a central role in program delivery. However, no structured end-of-life care programs currently exist for patients with head and neck cancer (HNC), who often experience profound physical and psychological distress. A nurse-led Peaceful End-of-Life Care (PEACE) program was therefore developed. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of the PEACE program on perceived peaceful end-of-life (PEOL) and quality of life (QoL) among HNC patients undergoing concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CCRT).

Methods: A quasi-experimental, two-group time-series design was conducted with 64 HNC patients recruited from oncology wards at …

Preventive Health Behaviors Among Vegetable Farmers In Indonesia: An Application Of The Extended Theory Of Planned Behavior, Aria Gusti, Wira Iqbal, Fitrahul Afifah

Journal of Health Research

Background: Farmers in low- and middle-income countries face serious occupational and environmental health risks, including pesticide exposure, musculoskeletal disorders, and skin diseases. In Indonesia, limited evidence exists on the psychosocial factors that shape preventive health behaviors, hindering the design of effective interventions. This study applies an extended Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) framework to analyze preventive practices among vegetable farmers.

Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted among 254 vegetable farmers in Koto Laweh Village, West Sumatra, Indonesia, during July–August 2025. Data were collected using a validated TPB-based questionnaire and analyzed with Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modelling (PLS-SEM).

Results: Knowledge …

A Comparison Of Biological Therapies Vs Traditional Immunosuppressant In The Management Of Inflammatory Bowel Diseases: A Narrative Review, Umme Farwah Tahir Dr, Sadaf Noureen, Fnu Partab, Muhammad Waqas Afzal, Maham Afzal, Asad Mehmood, Fatima Afzal, Kaynat Hasan, Fnu Sameeha, Seerat Riaz, Sumyya Tariq, Abida Perveen

Journal of Community Hospital Internal Medicine Perspectives

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), encompassing Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis, is a chronic immune-mediated condition requiring long-term management. Traditional immunosuppressants, such as corticosteroids, thiopurines, and methotrexate, have been widely used but are associated with broad immunosuppressive effects and significant adverse events. The advent of biological therapies, including tumor necrosis factor (TNF) inhibitors, integrin inhibitors, and interleukin (IL)-12/23 inhibitors, has revolutionized IBD treatment by offering targeted immune modulation. Biologics have demonstrated superior efficacy in achieving and maintaining remission compared to traditional immunosuppressants, particularly in moderate to severe IBD. They provide targeted immune suppression, reducing systemic side effects, but are associated with …

Exploring The English Language Learning Strategies Preferred And Used By Jazan University Female Students, Abdul Rahman Ali Al Towity

UB Journal for Humanities

This study aimed to investigate the language learning strategies employed by Saudi university students and examine the differences in strategy use based on academic year level, motivation, and proficiency. The study was conducted at the University College of Aldayer, a female college at Jazan University, and included a sample of 125 students majoring in English. Data were collected using Oxford’s (1990) Strategy Inventory for Language Learning (SILL). The findings revealed that participants frequently used language learning strategies overall. No significant differences were found in relation to academic year level, however, sophomore and junior students tended to use language learning strategies …

Teachers’ Perceptions Towards Disruptive Behaviours Among Students In Public Secondary Schools In Tanzania, Jonas Kinanda

Tanzania Journal of Sociology

Disruptive behaviours among secondary school students adversely affect students, teachers, parents and community members. This study explores teachers’ perceptions towards disruptive behaviours among students in public secondary schools in Tanzania. This qualitative study involved 50 teachers selected from four public secondary schools from two councils, namely Mwanza City and Ukerewe District, both found in Mwanza Region, Tanzania. Data collection was done through interviews, focus group discussions, and document reviews. The analysis was thematic and MAXQDA. The findings showed that teachers perceived students’ disruptive behaviours as problematic to the teachers, peers, school administrators, parents, and the community at large. This is …

Pre-Retirement Training Programme: Is It A Panacea For Essential Life Skills To Prospective Retirees?, Geofrey Obed Siao, Boniphace Shimba Francis

Tanzania Journal of Sociology

The paper assessed the effectiveness of pre-retirement training programme in imparting essential life skills to prospective retirees at TANROADS in Dar es Salaam -Tanzania. Guided by the Human Capital Theory, the article specifically examined the kind of life skills covered in the pre-retirement programme at TANROADS and the extent to which pre-retirement training programme at TANROADS enhanced essential life skills to prospective retirees. A descriptive research design using a qualitative approach was used to collect primary data by interviewing 30 TANROAD officers who participated in pre-retirement training, and a focus group discussion was held to prospective retires in order to …

Ukijianika Utaanuliwa’1: Urban Refugees’ Self-Identity Formation And Interpersonal Communication During Dar Es Salaam Acculturation, Judith Judith

Tanzania Journal of Sociology

The research being reported here examined the self-identity formation and communication in the acculturation of urban-based refugees in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania. Because this refugees’ relationships with the host community are based on their principle of “Ukijianika Utaanuliwa” (If you show yourself, you will be exposed), urban refugees strive to hide their identities during the acculturation process. As they strive to survive in harsh living conditions outside the camps, individuals must work through their identities and develop positive interpersonal contact skills with the host to gain acceptance. Interviews with forty Congolese and Burundian refugees were conducted using targeted group discussions. …

Role Of Social Workers In Identifying Challenges And Developing Skills In Children With Learning Disabilities, Trichal Mamta

Tanzania Journal of Sociology

Social work values, ethics, and abilities are crucial for ensuring tailored care and support practice and advocacy based on human rights. For Children with learning disabilities, it is beneficial. The paper focuses on social work skills useful in helping kids with learning disabilities. It describes the main disagreements in the area, such as those over policy and practice. Additionally, it is asserted that social workers are well equipped to do research and engage in clinical treatment that advances social justice and full and meaningful involvement in society. The study's objective is to identify social workers varied supporting and rehabilitative roles …

The Need Of Online Counselling To Enhance Mental Health Among Students In Higher Learning Institutions In Tanzania, Bernadetha Gabriel Rushahu

Tanzania Journal of Sociology

This study aimed to explore the need of online counselling to enhance mental health among students in higher learning institutions. The study employed a qualitative research approach in which 40 participants were involved. These were purposefully selected from two higher learning institutions in Tanzania - 30 were students and 10 were counsellors. In-depth interviews and Focus Group Discussion were used to collect data from the respondents. The findings revealed that through online counselling, it is easy to access psychosocial therapy, maintain privacy, conduct time/cost-friendly therapy, access services, allow freedom of expression as well as allow easy feedback and follow-up. Also, …

The Psychosocial Experiences Of Unintended Pregnancies Among University Students: A Case Of University Of Dar As Salaam Female Students., Emanuel Ismael Maphie

Tanzania Journal of Sociology

Unexpected pregnancies have been reported to increase among youths particularly those in universities. The increase of unintended pregnancies among university students has culminated in a number of challenges including psychological problems. Several studies have been done on the matter but no one has trapped the psychosocial experiences particularly among university female students. The current study aimed to fill this gap by exploring the psychological experiences of unintended pregnancy among female students at the University of Dar as Salaam in Tanzania. A socio-ecological theory applied to sketch and lead the study. To achieve this, the research study used qualitative techniques particularly …

Effectiveness Of Electoral Violence Prevention Mechanisms: Insights From Malawi, Rodrick Henry

Tanzania Journal of Sociology

Elections are vital to democracy and democratic consolidation. Ideally, they are peaceful endeavours, allowing voters to express their preferences and winners to take office. However, elections in the Third Wave of democracy often exhibit violence. Election Violence Prevention (EVP) mechanisms have been employed to address conflicts between various actors. Nevertheless, their effectiveness in curbing electoral violence varies across African countries. This paper examines the effectiveness of EVP mechanisms in Malawi, focusing on the Public Affairs Committee, National Initiative for Civic Education, and Multi-party Liaison Committees. The paper argues that EVP mechanisms have been effective in preventing electoral violence. The effectiveness …

Uncovering Hidden Struggles Among Disaster Survivors In Tanzania: Are They Vulnerable Survivors Or Resilient Victims?, Egidius Kamanyi

Tanzania Journal of Sociology

Understanding experiences of disaster survivors as they struggle to bounce back from disaster-caused traumatic experiences, requires concerted and focused efforts involving scholars and practitioners. Developing countries like Tanzania accommodate people who after crisis end up living in misery and not completely recovering. Notwithstanding, however, those labeled resilient or vulnerable usually simply portray a distorted 'face value' reality of the struggles endured. Using a qualitative approach informed by a Chordal Triad of Agency Conceptualization, the paper’s main objective is to uncover hidden struggles among disaster survivors. By recapitulating on the previous study conducted in Kagera14, I extend the argument based on …

Exploration Of The Child Domestic Workers’ Lived Experiences In Dar Es Salaam, Tanzania, Magolanga Shagembe, Thomas Ndaluka

Tanzania Journal of Sociology

This qualitative study, based on a phenomenological design, explored the lived experiences of child domestic workers aged 15 to 18 years in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania. Children in this age group are above the national and international legal minimum age for admission into light work. The findings of our study indicated that although domestic work is perceived by the child domestic workers as a method for impoverished children between the ages of 15 and 18 to earn money, get experience, and learn new life skills, it also entails loneliness, challenges in assimilating into an unfamiliar social context, and child sexual …

Even A Scorpion Sting Hurts Just As Much: A Sobering Look At Men As Victims Of Intimate Partner Abuse And Violence, Nelson Mwesiga Ishengoma

Tanzania Journal of Sociology

The subject of intimate violence and abuse has piqued the interest of different groups of people, including psychologists, scholars, and human rights activists over the past 45 years. Even though the epidemiological literature has consistently shown that at least one out of every three people who experience intimate partner violence is a male partner, current initiatives have chosen to ignore this fact. Instead, the phenomenon has been described by most of its advocates as a gender-cockeyed social issue, with a man penned in an “offender” position and a woman in that of a “helpless victim”. Consequently, the exploited man and …

Side Effects Of The Coexistence Of Tradition Medicine With Biomedicine In Primary Health Service Delivery In Rural Areas Of Tanzania, Matrona Kabyemela

Tanzania Journal of Sociology

It is approximated that 60-80 per cent of Tanzanians use Traditional Medicine (TM) as their primary source of health services alongside biomedical services. However, there is little information on the side effects of the co-existence of TM with biomedical system to primary health services delivery in Tanzania. By using Helmke and Levitsky’s Model of co-existence of formal and informal institutions in comparative politics, this article argues that the coexistence of TM and biomedicine undermine the delivery of primary health services in rural areas of Tanzania due to abrupt stoppage of using biomedicine among users, concurrent use of TM and biomedicine …

The Dynamics Of Faith-Based Organisations’ Healthcare Interventions In Urban Tanzania: An Ethnographic Inquiry Of Direct Aid And Bethel Revival Temple, Mussa S. Muhoja

Tanzania Journal of Sociology

The study examines the ways the new generation of Christian and Muslim Faith-based Organisations (FBOs) have become engaged in the healthcare interventions in Urban Tanzania in recent decades. The study examines character and content of their healthcare interventions as well as religious and professional motivations for their healthcare workers, followers, beneficiaries and management. The study employs the concept of religion as a model for, and model of lived reality by Geertz (1973); and the concept of development as holistic by Bornstein (2005). Ethnographically, the study examines how religious discourses were embodied in social practices, how social and historical processes led …

The Psychosocial Experiences Of Unintended Pregnancies Among University Students: A Case Of University Of Dar As Salaam Female Students., Emanuel Ismael Maphie

Tanzania Journal of Sociology

Unexpected pregnancies have been reported to increase among youths particularly those in universities. The increase of unintended pregnancies among university students has culminated in a number of challenges including psychological problems. Several studies have been done on the matter but no one has trapped the psychosocial experiences particularly among university female students. The current study aimed to fill this gap by exploring the psychological experiences of unintended pregnancy among female students at the University of Dar as Salaam in Tanzania. A socio-ecological theory applied to sketch and lead the study. To achieve this, the research study used qualitative techniques particularly …

Role Of Social Workers In Identifying Challenges And Developing Skills In Children With Learning Disabilities, Trichal Mamta

Tanzania Journal of Sociology

Social work values, ethics, and abilities are crucial for ensuring tailored care and support practice and advocacy based on human rights. For Children with learning disabilities, it is beneficial. The paper focuses on social work skills useful in helping kids with learning disabilities. It describes the main disagreements in the area, such as those over policy and practice. Additionally, it is asserted that social workers are well equipped to do research and engage in clinical treatment that advances social justice and full and meaningful involvement in society. The study's objective is to identify social workers varied supporting and rehabilitative roles …

The Need Of Online Counselling To Enhance Mental Health Among Students In Higher Learning Institutions In Tanzania, Bernadetha Gabriel Rushahu

Tanzania Journal of Sociology

This study aimed to explore the need of online counselling to enhance mental health among students in higher learning institutions. The study employed a qualitative research approach in which 40 participants were involved. These were purposefully selected from two higher learning institutions in Tanzania - 30 were students and 10 were counsellors. In-depth interviews and Focus Group Discussion were used to collect data from the respondents. The findings revealed that through online counselling, it is easy to access psychosocial therapy, maintain privacy, conduct time/cost-friendly therapy, access services, allow freedom of expression as well as allow easy feedback and follow-up. Also, …

Effectiveness Of Electoral Violence Prevention Mechanisms: Insights From Malawi, Rodrick Henry

Tanzania Journal of Sociology

Elections are vital to democracy and democratic consolidation. Ideally, they are peaceful endeavours, allowing voters to express their preferences and winners to take office. However, elections in the Third Wave of democracy often exhibit violence. Election Violence Prevention (EVP) mechanisms have been employed to address conflicts between various actors. Nevertheless, their effectiveness in curbing electoral violence varies across African countries. This paper examines the effectiveness of EVP mechanisms in Malawi, focusing on the Public Affairs Committee, National Initiative for Civic Education, and Multi-party Liaison Committees. The paper argues that EVP mechanisms have been effective in preventing electoral violence. The effectiveness …

How Power Distancing Mentality Hinders A Citiens Readiness To Report A Witnessed Corruption Incident In Tanania., Eric Clement Mgalula, Audax Kweyamba

Tanzania Journal of Sociology

In this paper, citien’s reportage of corruption means a citien’s readiness to report a witnessed corruption incident to the anticorruption agencies. Citiens’ reportage of corruption is largely conditioned by a free will decision. In this study, the decision to report corruption or not, noted as a critical concern in anti-corruption efforts. The influence of the social-psychological factors, particularly a powerdistancing mind-set on a citizens intentional behaviour to report a corruption event, has been utilized as a method to establish factors that would affect citizens to report witnessed corruption incidents in Tanzania. A case study was used. This paper used qualitative …