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Successful Aging Among Midlife Black Women: A Latent Class Analysis, Joshua Christian Julian Lewis Jan 2023

Successful Aging Among Midlife Black Women: A Latent Class Analysis, Joshua Christian Julian Lewis

All ETDs from UAB

Successful aging (SA), as outlined by Rowe and Khan, with its objective focus on disease and disability avoidance, maintaining high physical and cognitive function, and sustaining engagement in social and productive activities, was meant to be a benchmark for assessing health and aging. However, given its rigid criteria virtually no one “ages successfully” despite being in otherwise relatively good health. The assumption of unsuccessful aging in populations who experience a higher prevalence of chronic disease, illness, disability, and other health disparities, is implicit in the SA framework outlined by Rowe and Khan and would preclude many Black women from being …


Family Members' Education And Cognitive Functioning Among Older Adults: Investigating The Mediating Role Of Health Behaviors, Lu Tian Jan 2023

Family Members' Education And Cognitive Functioning Among Older Adults: Investigating The Mediating Role Of Health Behaviors, Lu Tian

All ETDs from UAB

Despite a well-established relationship between education and cognitive performance in later life, few studies have considered the effects of educational attainment of the family. The education of one's parents can help prevent cognitive decline, as parents (G1) with more education can transfer more health knowledge, teach health literacy, and cultivate healthy lifestyles. This downward spillover between parental education (G1) and older adults’ (G2) cognitive health is well documented. For the downstream effect, attention is often given to maternal education rather than paternal education. Another line of research examined intergenerational transmissions from children (G3) to parents (G2), finding that having well-educated …


Nero's Eastern Policy And The Peace Of Rhandeia, Henry Smith Jan 2023

Nero's Eastern Policy And The Peace Of Rhandeia, Henry Smith

All ETDs from UAB

This thesis will argue that Corbulo’s campaigns in Armenia and the subsequent Peace of Rhandeia were reflective of a longstanding foreign policy which had been adopted in the aftermath of the ambush at Teutoburg Forest and continued under Augustus’ successors. Nearly every aspect of the campaign, from the composition of the army, to the strategy employed by Corbulo, was an expression of the post-Augustan shift from expansion to defense. In place of conquest, the maintenance of prestige and the projection of power became the primary objectives of the Roman emperors, including Nero. The war in Armenia was fought to maintain …


Characterizing A Unique Oprm1 Expressing Neuronal Population In The Rat Nucleus Accumbens, Emma Andraka Jan 2023

Characterizing A Unique Oprm1 Expressing Neuronal Population In The Rat Nucleus Accumbens, Emma Andraka

All ETDs from UAB

Opioid-related overdose deaths have increased drastically in the past three decades, and especially since the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic, due to the addictive, analgesic, and euphoric properties of the drugs. To produce these effects, opioids bind to the mu opioid receptor (MOR) in GABAergic neurons. The MOR is encoded by the Oprm1 gene and is expressed in multiple brain regions that regulate reward and motivation, such as the nucleus accumbens (NAc). Previous studies of Oprm1 knockdown in medium spiny neurons (MSNs) of the mouse NAc have shown that these neuronal populations are involved in reinforcing reward-context pairing as well …


Examination Of The Bidirectional Relationship Between Anhedonia And Vaporized Cannabis Use In Adolescents: A Longitudinal Cohort Analysis, Cynthia Estrella Ortiz Jan 2023

Examination Of The Bidirectional Relationship Between Anhedonia And Vaporized Cannabis Use In Adolescents: A Longitudinal Cohort Analysis, Cynthia Estrella Ortiz

All ETDs from UAB

Cannabis is the most commonly used illicit substance in the United States, and the prevalence of cannabis use has increased in recent years following changes in. One method that has become increasingly popular among adolescents is vaporized cannabis. Current research appears to be contradictory, whereas some studies indicate that vaporized cannabis use can boost mood, other investigations have indicated that vaporized cannabis use is associated with an increase in depressive symptoms. A limited number of research studies have also identified a relationship between cannabis use and anhedonia, however, this relationship is unclear, particularly among adolescents. Due to the reported adverse …


Increasing Naloxone Access For Persons Who Use Opioids: An Online Recruitment And Training Approach To Opioid Overdose Education And Naloxone Distribution, Michelle L. Sisson Jan 2023

Increasing Naloxone Access For Persons Who Use Opioids: An Online Recruitment And Training Approach To Opioid Overdose Education And Naloxone Distribution, Michelle L. Sisson

All ETDs from UAB

Drug overdose is the primary cause of accidental death in the United States, with a majority of those fatalities involving opioids. Annual rates of fatal opioid overdoses have exponentially increased over the past two decades, leading to the declaration of the current opioid epidemic. The severity of the epidemic has increased due to an upsurge in the use of heroin, synthetic opioids (e.g., fentanyl), and the lacing of other substances with synthetic opioids. As such, federal agencies have made recommendations aimed at combating fatal opioid overdose including the enhancement of naloxone distribution. Administration of naloxone has been expanded from emergency …


Uncovering The Mental World Of Children: Attachment Quality, Mentalization, And Children’S Drawings, Holly Rosen Jan 2023

Uncovering The Mental World Of Children: Attachment Quality, Mentalization, And Children’S Drawings, Holly Rosen

Selected Full Text Dissertations, 2011-

Although we have long been aware of the widespread benefits of drawing for children (Goodenough, 1926), there is much to learn from a clinical perspective about children’s attachment patterns and mentalization capacities in analyzing their drawings. The present study utilized archival data to uncover trends associated with children’s drawing characteristics, attachment qualities, and mentalization capacities. This study further explored the extent to which mentalization mediates the relationship between attachment quality and Formal Elements (FE) scores as well as the relationship between attachment quality and Content scores of children’s drawings. Two samples of 5–12-year-old children and their caregivers were recruited: one …


Is The Relationship Between Adverse Childhood Experiences And Adult Belief In Paranormality Moderated By Locus Of Control?, Michelle Alessia Cardone M.S., M.A. Jan 2023

Is The Relationship Between Adverse Childhood Experiences And Adult Belief In Paranormality Moderated By Locus Of Control?, Michelle Alessia Cardone M.S., M.A.

Selected Full Text Dissertations, 2011-

Research has established a relationship between adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) and belief in paranormal phenomena (Lawrence et al., 1994). In the present study, I sought to replicate this finding in more detail by examining seven dimensions of paranormality. Further, the current study investigated whether locus of control moderated the relationship between ACEs and paranormal belief. I hypothesized that ACEs positively correlated with paranormal belief. Further, I hypothesized that the relationship between ACEs and paranormal belief would be moderated by locus of control, such that, the stronger the internal locus of control, the weaker the relationship between ACEs and paranormal belief. …


The Effect Of A Discrete Higher Education Student Success Program On Feelings Of A Sense Of Belonging, Alexandra Sophia Cruz Jan 2023

The Effect Of A Discrete Higher Education Student Success Program On Feelings Of A Sense Of Belonging, Alexandra Sophia Cruz

Selected Full Text Dissertations, 2011-

This mixed methods case study examined how a student success program at a private four-year college in the eastern region of the United States may enhance student success and students’ associated feelings of a sense of belonging. Results and findings add to the overall student success literature and may benefit other institutions in higher education through viewing sense of belonging as a gateway to retaining students. The researcher used an explanatory sequential mixed method design that involved collecting quantitative data first through a University Belonging Questionnaire (UBQ) and then explaining the quantitative results through in-depth qualitative data acquired through zoom …


An Exploration Of Ell Teachers’ Conception Of Metacognition And Its Use In Elementary School Classrooms, Arete Galanis Jan 2023

An Exploration Of Ell Teachers’ Conception Of Metacognition And Its Use In Elementary School Classrooms, Arete Galanis

Selected Full Text Dissertations, 2011-

Metacognitive instruction and pedagogy have been linked to self-aware, independent, and successful learning. A particular student population that may benefit from a focus on metacognitive instruction are English Language Learners (ELL). This Q methodology study uses a mixed methods approach to examine the dominant viewpoints, beliefs, and opinions of ELL teachers on metacognition, metacognitive instruction, and pedagogy. Data were analyzed from 25 suburban New York public school ELL teachers located in Nassau and Suffolk counties concerning their beliefs regarding the metacognition, metacognitive instruction, and pedagogy. In addition, demographics, and exposure to metacognition as a topic were assessed using a baseline …


Shared Screens: A Qualitative Study Of Therapist Self-Disclosure Over Telehealth, Nathan Fordsham M.S. Jan 2023

Shared Screens: A Qualitative Study Of Therapist Self-Disclosure Over Telehealth, Nathan Fordsham M.S.

Selected Full Text Dissertations, 2011-

The following qualitative study explored how psychodynamic clinicians approach and use self-disclosure with patients over telehealth platforms. There is an abundance of research on therapist self-disclosure, with discussion of this topic dating back as early as Freud (1912) and Ferenczi (1933), and since spanning the spectrum of theoretical orientation and practice. There is some literature on psychotherapy over telehealth, with a recent surge in research as a response to the COVID-19 pandemic. There is less research on psychodynamic therapy or psychoanalysis over telehealth (Wolson, 2021), and to the author’s knowledge, no research on therapist self-disclosure and telehealth. This study aimed …


The Perceptions Of Teachers Regarding Mindfulness Training As A Means To Foster Growth And Academic Success In The Classroom, Brian T. Nolan Jan 2023

The Perceptions Of Teachers Regarding Mindfulness Training As A Means To Foster Growth And Academic Success In The Classroom, Brian T. Nolan

Selected Full Text Dissertations, 2011-

Mindfulness-based training of educators in our schools is a necessary skill for the success of young children. As a professional educator and a parent of three children, my interest is in exploring this topic and uncovering the why behind student executive functioning skills and the mindfulness-based strategies incorporated into their learning capabilities. As a necessity to learning, students benefit from having self-regulatory abilities in order to tackle the inherent stressors and adversities of their evolving lives. Our schools have steadily become centers of learning in which students are taught fundamental strategies to benefit their scholastic journey. Teachers and school staff …


Guidance And Support For One-To-One Paraprofessionals: A Multiple Regression Analysis, Amanda A. Agurkis Jan 2023

Guidance And Support For One-To-One Paraprofessionals: A Multiple Regression Analysis, Amanda A. Agurkis

Selected Full Text Dissertations, 2011-

Research has focused on methods to support, train, and prepare one-to-one paraprofessionals from perspectives of administrators and teachers. This quantitative study extended research by investigating perspectives of one-to-one paraprofessionals on preparation, support, communication, feedback, and involvement in planning. These variables were investigated using 20 statements on a Likert-scale survey. Demographic information of participants include age, gender, age level of student, passage of the Assessment of Teaching Assistant Skills (ATAS), years of experience in education, type of class student is in, and professional preparation were surveyed as well. A convenience sample of 50 participants responded to the survey. Pearson’s correlation coefficients …


Does Perceived Emotional Invalidation Moderate The Relation Between Occupational Stress And Mental Health Outcomes In Law Enforcement Officers?, Sahar Jaafar M.S.; M.A. Jan 2023

Does Perceived Emotional Invalidation Moderate The Relation Between Occupational Stress And Mental Health Outcomes In Law Enforcement Officers?, Sahar Jaafar M.S.; M.A.

Selected Full Text Dissertations, 2011-

Police officers are exposed to operational stressors while on duty, including child abuse, domestic violence, car crashes, and homicides (Jetelina et al., 2020). Repeated exposure to these stressors is associated with the development of mental illness (Jetelina et al., 2020). Organizational stressors, including lack of support/validation, demand, job pressure, administrative/organizational pressure, and long working hours, may be an even greater source of stress for police officers (Purba & Demou, 2019). Exposure to such organizational stressors can result in psychological distress, burnout, and suicidal ideation (Purba & Demou, 2019). However, there is a dearth of research on invalidation and the role …


Heaven Education: Utilizing Mixed Methods To Analyze Why Gifted Education Is Culturally Relevant For Chinese Americans, Julie M. Milner Jan 2023

Heaven Education: Utilizing Mixed Methods To Analyze Why Gifted Education Is Culturally Relevant For Chinese Americans, Julie M. Milner

Selected Full Text Dissertations, 2011-

This mixed methods study examined why gifted education is culturally relevant to Chinese Americans and why parents desire gifted education for their children. At a time when accelerated learning is at odds with equity ideals, parents from the communities comprising the Asian umbrella have mobilized to fight to keep these academic opportunities for their children. These parents have been labeled as ‘white adjacent’ in order to shut them down as ‘racists’ when they speak out. The large number of Asian students in accelerated education has led to the accusation of them being ‘resource hoarders’. Even gifted education scholars have used …


Psychologists' Experiences Providing Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy (Cbt) To Children Via Telehealth, Carly Apar M.S. Jan 2023

Psychologists' Experiences Providing Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy (Cbt) To Children Via Telehealth, Carly Apar M.S.

Selected Full Text Dissertations, 2011-

Due to COVID-19, psychologists were forced to rapidly transition to telehealth. While about 1% of American Psychological Association (APA) clinicians used telehealth for most clients pre-pandemic, 92% used telehealth post-pandemic onset (APA, 2020). However, research has not yet thoroughly assessed psychologists’ experiences providing child teletherapy. This study fills that gap by exploring psychologists’ experiences providing virtual child cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT). This study is important for teletherapy’s potential use for children lacking access to care. Eighteen clinical psychologists who provided CBT to children (ages 7-12) were recruited by sending a flyer to the researcher’s graduate program’s alumni and training sites, child …


Transgender Family Transitions: A Sibling Perspective, Mariessa Robles M.S. Jan 2023

Transgender Family Transitions: A Sibling Perspective, Mariessa Robles M.S.

Selected Full Text Dissertations, 2011-

As more families are seeking professional help to navigate issues surrounding gender, there is a growing need for clinicians who can assist in the family transition that accompanies an individual’s gender transition process (Coolhart, Ritenour, & Grodzinski, 2018). While family therapy literature is currently expanding to address families with a transgender member, existing psychological thought mostly centers therapeutic focus on the identified transgender individuals and their parents, neglecting the roles and experiences of siblings in this process (Blumer, Green, Knowles, & Williams, 2012). The purpose of this qualitative study was to explore the experiences of those who had a sibling …


Faculty Perceptions And Beliefs About Utilizing Social Media As A Teaching Tool In Higher Education: A Q Methodology Study, April Robinson Jan 2023

Faculty Perceptions And Beliefs About Utilizing Social Media As A Teaching Tool In Higher Education: A Q Methodology Study, April Robinson

Selected Full Text Dissertations, 2011-

The purpose of this study was to examine college faculty’s perceptions, beliefs, and attitudes concerning the use of social media as a teaching and learning tool, and to determine possible factors that may influence their perceptions, beliefs, and attitudes about social media use in the classroom. For this purpose, Q Methodology which is a mixed-methods approach was used to study the subjectivity of the participant’s perceptions and beliefs objectively. Q methodology systematically can reveal the shared perceptions and beliefs of college faculty. Data were analyzed from 19 teaching faculty in Long Island, New York. This study identified and examined the …


Spilling The Tea, Memoir Of A Future's Past: A Scholarly Personal Narrative, Dominique Jerome Hector Jan 2023

Spilling The Tea, Memoir Of A Future's Past: A Scholarly Personal Narrative, Dominique Jerome Hector

All ETDs from UAB

Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Transgender, and Questioning (LGBTQ) individuals and topics have been at the precipice of media coverage and policy decisions for decades. With the passage of same sex marriage by the Supreme Court in 2015, this ushered in a new era of unearthing narratives that are unique to LGBTQ+ identities. Although this is a huge advancement for this population here within the United States, scholars have posited how these identities intersecting with other social constructs such as race, gender, socioeconomic status, and social justice have reimaged how LGBTQ+ identities are viewed and treated in the country. Although there is …


Physical Activity And Related Social Cognitive Theory Constructs By Major Depression Status In Persons With Multiple Sclerosis, Catherine Danielle Jones Jan 2023

Physical Activity And Related Social Cognitive Theory Constructs By Major Depression Status In Persons With Multiple Sclerosis, Catherine Danielle Jones

All ETDs from UAB

Major depressive disorder (MDD) is highly prevalent among the 1 million per-sons living with multiple sclerosis (MS) in the United States. The prevalence of MDD is nearly 1.7 times higher in persons with MS than in the general population. MDD is associated with negative outcomes in MS, including worse neuropsychological functioning, lower quality of life (QOL), and worse disability. Higher levels of physical activity (PA) are associated with lower depressive symptoms in MS and participation in moderate to vigorous physical activity (MVPA) has been recommended for managing depression se-verity in the general population. However, the rates, patterns, and behavioral correlates …


Respiratory Symptoms And Psychological Distress In Farmers Living With Copd, Prasert Kham-Ai Jan 2023

Respiratory Symptoms And Psychological Distress In Farmers Living With Copd, Prasert Kham-Ai

All ETDs from UAB

Farmers are susceptible to both Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) and psychological distress. It is known that psychological distress is associated with increased respiratory symptoms and triggers COPD exacerbation. Therefore, farmers who have COPD may experience worsening respiratory symptoms as a result of psychological distress. Since no known studies revealed the association between the frequency of respiratory symptoms and the level of psychological distress among farmers with COPD, this study aimed to explore (1) the frequency of respiratory symptoms and the level of psychological distress, (2) the factors related to increased respiratory symptoms and psychological distress, and (3) the association …


Investigating Scientific Self-Concept In The General Chemistry Laboratory While Performing Course-Based Undergraduate Research Throughout A Pandemic, Josh Forakis Jan 2023

Investigating Scientific Self-Concept In The General Chemistry Laboratory While Performing Course-Based Undergraduate Research Throughout A Pandemic, Josh Forakis

All ETDs from UAB

Climate change, waste management crises, and global pandemics emphasize the need for a thriving science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) workforce, and one of the jobs of STEM educators is to provide meaningful educational experiences that engage STEM students in scientific practices, broaden their worldview, and prepare them for a future career in the scientific field. Undergraduate research experiences have been shown to benefit STEM students, but few students can participate, especially at early stages in their undergraduate studies. To broaden participation in undergraduate research, an honors general chemistry laboratory course was converted into a course-based undergraduate research experience (CURE) …


Physical Activity Promotion In Persons Newly Diagnosed With Multiple Sclerosis, Le Thao Trinh Huynh Jan 2023

Physical Activity Promotion In Persons Newly Diagnosed With Multiple Sclerosis, Le Thao Trinh Huynh

All ETDs from UAB

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a prevalent immune-mediated, neurodegenerative disorder, affecting approximately 1 million people in the United States. MS onset is commonly between 20 and 40 years of age, and persons with MS often live a long life with the disease resulting from the early initiation of disease-modifying therapies and comorbidity-managing approaches. Notably, physical activity is promising for disease modification and symptoms and comorbidity management in MS. Yet, physical activity has been initiated quite late during the disease course. Further, early MS could be a “window of opportunity” for initiating physical activity to maximize its health benefits for symptom management …


An Examination Of Clinical Pain Severity, Sleep Quality, And Neighborhood Disadvantage In A Racially/Ethically Diverse Sample Of Adults With Symptomatic Knee Osteoarthritis, Cesar Emmanuel Gonzalez Jan 2023

An Examination Of Clinical Pain Severity, Sleep Quality, And Neighborhood Disadvantage In A Racially/Ethically Diverse Sample Of Adults With Symptomatic Knee Osteoarthritis, Cesar Emmanuel Gonzalez

All ETDs from UAB

Knee osteoarthritis (OA) is often accompanied by insomnia symptoms, character-ized by difficulty falling asleep, maintaining sleep, or both. Among individuals with knee OA, up to 31% report significant difficulty falling asleep, 81% have difficulties staying asleep, and up to 77% report any sleep problem. However, the sleep and pain relationship has also rarely been evaluated using objective and subjective sleep measures. Thus, this study attempted to characterize objective and subjective sleep variables in a diverse sam-ple of individuals with symptomatic knee OA. Further, the impact of objective and sub-jective sleep quality on clinical pain severity, movement-evoked pain, and physical func-tion …


International Graduate Students In A Master Of Public Health Program: A Mixed Methods Study To Identify Challenges And Needed Supports, Melinda S. Harrison Jan 2023

International Graduate Students In A Master Of Public Health Program: A Mixed Methods Study To Identify Challenges And Needed Supports, Melinda S. Harrison

All ETDs from UAB

The increase in international graduate students (IGSs) in the United States in recent years has created additional linguistic and cultural diversity in graduate programs, thus, spotlighting the existence of these students’ unmet challenges. Although much research has been conducted on the experiences of international students in U.S. higher education contexts, very little research has focused on IGSs’ transition experiences to and through academic and professional university programs by way of pathway language support programs. Applying activity theory, I designed and conducted this case study with explanatory sequential mixed methods to investigate IGSs’ experiences as they transitioned into and through a …


Aging With Hiv And Comorbid Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease, Jun Yeong Byun Jan 2023

Aging With Hiv And Comorbid Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease, Jun Yeong Byun

All ETDs from UAB

Older adults with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) experience a high prevalence of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Considering having either HIV or COPD is related to worse health outcomes in older adults, aging with both HIV and COPD may synergistically and negatively affect the health outcomes of older people with HIV (PWH) and comorbid COPD. The purpose of this dissertation was to explore the aging of PWH with COPD. This purpose was accomplished through three articles: 1) an adaptation of a gerontological model investigating what is known about the aging of PWH and people with COPD and extrapolating that to …


Effects Of Mindfulness-Based Intervention On Mental Health Outcomes In Youth Who Are Underserved, Melanie Grace Albright Jan 2023

Effects Of Mindfulness-Based Intervention On Mental Health Outcomes In Youth Who Are Underserved, Melanie Grace Albright

All ETDs from UAB

olescence, a period of rapid brain maturation and development coincides with the development of mental health disorders. Many teens in the United States with diagnosable mental health conditions lack mental health treatment due to limited access and provider availability, particularly affecting adolescents who are underserved. School-based interventions, including those centered around mindfulness-based stress reduction (MBSR) have shown promise in their effectiveness among adolescents. This study examines the impact of an in-school MBSR-based program, MindUP, on mental health outcomes, including depressive symptomology, anxiety symptomology, and perceived stress, in adolescents who are underserved. Additionally, focus group discussions were conducted with students participating …


Taking Corrigibility Seriously, Dora Klein Jan 2023

Taking Corrigibility Seriously, Dora Klein

Faculty Articles

This article argues that the Supreme Court's creation of a category of "irreparably corrupt" juveniles is not only an epistemological mistake but also a tactical mistake which has undermined the Court's express desire that only in the "rarest" of cases will juveniles be sentenced to life in prison without the possibility of parole.


Medical Emergency Preparedness Among Undergraduate Students, Savannah L. Finigan Jan 2023

Medical Emergency Preparedness Among Undergraduate Students, Savannah L. Finigan

Honors Theses

Knowing how to respond to a medical emergency is a valuable life skill that college students ought to have the opportunity to attain in order to save lives. This study aims to understand how prepared and confident local students are to respond to a medical emergency. Participants consisted of undergraduate students who had no healthcare or nursing school experience. A survey was distributed that asked students to rank and describe their own confidence to respond to medical emergencies. The survey also questioned how much former training or experience they had with medical emergencies. The results of the survey show that …


Rates, Presentation, & Effects Of Public Autism Stigma, Monica Abdul-Chani Jan 2023

Rates, Presentation, & Effects Of Public Autism Stigma, Monica Abdul-Chani

All ETDs from UAB

Limited availability of resources regarding developmental issues, health literacy, linguistic-sensitivity (i.e., use of linguistically appropriate resources and measures), structural barriers (i.e., appointment length, transportation), and cultural values and beliefs are commonly-cited barriers in identifying Latine autistic children. Stigma may also play a role, as it is negatively related to both knowledge/awareness within ASD and to acculturation in other disorders (i.e., HIV). Stigma can have detrimental, pervasive effects on daily living for those stigmatized and their families. Limited research examined the rate, presentation, and effect of ASD stigma within the Latine community, and all available studies explored stigma as reported by …