Digital Commons Network^™

Who's Got The Floor? Successful Interruptions In Dyadic Conversation In The Candor Corpus, Josie Steen

Electronic Theses and Dissertations Archive

Conversational exchanges are frequently marked by overlap. Some forms include backchanneling and both unsuccessful and successful attempts to take the floor. To further understand their role in discourse, 81 half-hour virtual conversations between strangers from the CANDOR corpus (Reece et al., 2023) were analyzed for instances of successful interruptions, whereby one member of a dyad takes the floor away from the other. Nearly six hundred such episodes were identified and analyzed for underlying systematicity. Regarding demographic characteristics of the speakers, gender was not related to successful interruptions. However, older speakers were more likely to successfully interrupt, suggesting that a speaker’s …

Addressing The Hidden Curriculum Through Trauma-Informed And Culturally Responsive Teaching For Multilingual Learners, Gabrielle Moeggenborg

Masters Projects

Multilingual learners (MLLs), including refugee, transient, and culturally and linguistically diverse students, often enter schools with experiences of trauma that impact academic performance, behavior, and sense of belonging. Additionally, the hidden curriculum in U.S. schools reinforces inequities for these students. The purpose of this project was to develop a high-quality, research-based educational handbook integrating trauma-informed practices with culturally responsive teaching to better support MLLs and mitigate the effects of the hidden curriculum. This project involved an extensive review of peer-reviewed and interdisciplinary research on learning theories, trauma, culturally responsive teaching, and multilingual education. Historical and contemporary literature was synthesized to …

Increasing Reading Motivation And Engagement Of Students In Upper Elementary And Middle School, Emmalene K. Scheffler

Masters Projects

Reading motivation and engagement contribute to reading achievement, but many students do not experience them (Barber & Klauda, 2020). With roots in the Self-Determination Theory (Deci & Ryan, 2000),  this project aims to employ reading teachers of grades  five through eight with practices that bolster reading motivation and engagement by supporting students' psychological needs for autonomy, self-efficacy, and collaboration. Much research has been done regarding reading motivation, but until recently these studies have been focused on elementary school students. Research on upper elementary and middle school reading motivation is both innovative and necessary because intrinsic motivation to read declines as …

Exercise Behavior Determinants Of The United States Military And Veterans, Ira Seth

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Despite organizational policy and access to physical activity facilities, the U.S. Department of Defense has observed an increase in the prevalence of service members classified as overweight or obese. Guided by the social-ecological model, this quantitative study investigated the work-related exercise determinants within the U.S. military community. Voluntarily recruited current and former service members from Stars and Stripes completed the Office Exercise Behavior Determinant Scale and the International Physical Activity Questionnaire, along with demographic and biometric questions, to identify physical activity behavior and potential barriers. Findings revealed statistical significance related to exercise duration and military variables (e.g., occupation, race/ethnicity), as …

Covid Minds: A Thematic Review Of The Pandemic On Neural Mechanisms And Political Polarization, Madison Jeffries

Honors Projects

This paper analyzes how the COVID-19 pandemic influenced political polarization in the United States by examining the interactions between social system disruption, psychological stress, and underlying neurological behaviors. While previous research has extensively discussed pandemic's influence on public health and societal breakdowns, studies fail to examine how these disruptions shaped political divisions. This study synthesizes interdisciplinary literature on pandemic-induced stressors and analyzes factors, including institutional mistrust and social isolation, and how these experiences shape political behavior and perspectives. Applying research from psychology and neuroscience, the paper argues that prolonged exposure to pandemic-related stressors changed neurological and behavioral patterns in response …

Feasibility Of Nationwide Remote Chronic Neural Data Collection From Recording-Enabled Deep Brain Stimulation Systems, Kasra A Mansourian, Ajay D Gandhi, Jonathan H Bentley, Kalman A Katlowitz, Danika L Paulo, Nisha Giridharan, Mohammed A Hasen, Tommy B Liu, Zain U Naqvi, Sarah S Soubra, Thomas A Hamre, Rick R Hanish, Eric A Storch, Wayne K Goodman, Sameer A Sheth, Nicole R Provenza

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Introduction: Bidirectional deep brain stimulation (DBS) devices can continuously record neural activity while delivering stimulation. Due to memory limitations on the implanted device on which data are stored, frequent data downloads are required to prevent data loss. In this study, we present a novel collaborative data collection method utilizing a nationwide network of device representatives to allow frequent data transfer that reduces data loss without imposing travel burden on patients.

Methods: We collected chronic neural data from nine patients with severe obsessive-compulsive disorder who received ventral capsule/ventral striatum DBS treatment between May 2023 and August 2024. We included patients implanted …

Beyond Symptoms: A Narrative Counseling Interpretation Of First-Year Student Anxiety In Indonesian Higher Education, Azizah Abdullah, Rizky Andana Pohan, Ramtia Darma Putri, Triyono Triyono, Marimbun Marimbun, Rahmi Dwi Febriani

Buletin Konseling Inovatif

The transition to higher education is a critical period in which first-year students face new academic demands, financial pressures, social adjustment challenges, and uncertainty about the future. However, limited research has examined how freshmen make sense of and narrate their anxiety, particularly in the Indonesian context. This study aimed to explore the main domains of anxiety among first-semester students in Indonesian public universities and to interpret these experiences through a narrative counseling lens. The study employed a qualitative online survey design with an interpretivist orientation. Data were collected from 199 first-semester students through open-ended questions addressing anxiety-provoking situations, sources of …

Phenomenological Analysis Of The Interior Space Reconstructed For Post-War Traditional Houses In Old Mosul City, Abdula Alsarraf, Fawzia Irhayyim Hussein

Iraqi Journal of Architecture and Planning

This study examines the lived experiences of residents of Mosul’s old city within reconstructed traditional houses following the war, addressing the gap in analyzing post-war residential spaces. It examines how reconstruction influences residents’ perceptions, sensory experiences, and attachment to place by comparing pre- and post-war conditions. Using a phenomenological approach, the study draws on concepts such as familiarity, pleasure, spirituality, human scale, natural lighting, spatial organization, functionality, color harmony, symbolism, nostalgia, decoration, and perceived height. Data were collected through a questionnaire involving 40 residents who were involved in the reconstruction of four traditional houses. Findings indicate that while renovations improve …

The Role Of Contemporary Technological Techniques In Drawing Scenarios For Future Urban Housing In Iraq, Zainab Mehdi Kzar, Ameera Jaleel Ahmed

Iraqi Journal of Architecture and Planning

Iraq faces major housing challenges due to the absence of strategic planning. Meanwhile, global technological advances offer new opportunities, as modern technologies prove effective in shaping future housing. These tools can offer sustainable solutions that address diverse societal needs. This research examines the role of contemporary technologies in shaping future housing scenarios in Iraq, addressing the problem: “The role of contemporary technologies in shaping future housing scenarios in Iraq.” The objective is to develop future visions for the urban housing sector by utilising technologies such as artificial intelligence, 3D printing, and robotics. An analytical methodology was adopted to examine key …

The Role Of City Brand Equity Effectiveness In Baghdad’S Branding, Shireen Kamil Zedan, Asmaa M. H. Al- Moqaram

Iraqi Journal of Architecture and Planning

Urban branding has emerged as a contemporary strategy that significantly enhances the competitive advantage and global positioning of cities. This study examines the role of branding in attracting diverse stakeholders, such as residents, investors, and tourists, by analyzing the process of building brand equity in the context of implementing urban branding in Baghdad. The study employed a quantitative approach, focusing on data collection techniques centered around a survey directed at experts in urban design and development from various departments of architecture and engineering in Iraqi universities, as well as urban development experts from outside Iraq. The study's results demonstrated the …

Rethinking Baghdadi Coffee Shops And Their Sustainability Through Digital Technology, Vian Abd Al-Baseer M. Hasan, Enas Salim, Enas Ali Salman

Iraqi Journal of Architecture and Planning

Baghdadi Coffee Shops have been a foundation for building interconnected social and cultural relationships over time and have been considered spatial behavioural patterns that express the culture of Baghdadi society. The current research focuses on integrating emerging digital technology into their physical structure to keep pace with life's developments and changes, raising the following question: "What are the transformations that Baghdadi Coffee Shops are witnessing as a result of emerging digital technology, and what is its impact on their sustainable role?" To answer this question, the research adopted an analytical approach that included revealing the architectural features of the transformations …

Achieving Healthy Upbringing Through School Design: A Case Study Of Iraqi School Buildings, Tuqa Abbas Alqari, Ibrahim Jawad Kadhim Al-Yousif, Enas Salim

Iraqi Journal of Architecture and Planning

Children worldwide face critical health challenges, including obesity, physical inactivity, poor awareness of healthy lifestyles, and the spread of infectious diseases during the school year, affecting their future well-being. Given the vital role of school buildings in children's development—by providing supportive environments that enhance physical, mental, and social well-being—the concept of "health-promoting schools" has gained research attention. This study reviews global literature to identify key design considerations and indicators for such schools, analyzing successful international models. It also examines the current state of local schools, both existing and newly constructed, along with proposed designs from the Engineering Affairs Unit of …

Proposed Treatment Strategies For Aging Residential Complexes: Zayouna Residential Complex In Baghdad As A Case Study., Thanaa Hussein Rudaini, Rana Mazin

Iraqi Journal of Architecture and Planning

The rapid development of residential complexes and the renovation of aging areas have become urgent issues in contemporary communities. The complexes built in the 1980s are gradually deteriorating and showing signs of aging, making it challenging to meet residents' needs. This study aims to clarify proactive and curative scenarios for dealing with the aging of residential complexes through treatment strategies and define strategies and mechanisms to be followed according to time frames. This article analyzes the Zayouna Residential Complex in Baghdad as a case study of physical aging, supported by field surveys and interviews. It includes a SWOT matrix and …

The Role Of Aporia In The Production And Reading Of Architectural Texts, Ghusoon Najm Abdulzahra, Abbas Ali Hamza Al Greiza

Iraqi Journal of Architecture and Planning

The concept of Aporia has been explored from various perspectives and epistemological frameworks in critical and rhetorical studies, particularly in analyzing and theorizing architectural texts. This research delves into Aporia and its related aspects across various fields of knowledge, examining how it can be employed as an intellectual framework for both producing and interpreting architectural texts. It is closely tied to the concept of the creative text and its perception through a series of semiotic processes aimed at understanding and interpreting meanings, enhancing knowledge, and uncovering latent meanings within the text. The research adopts a qualitative, descriptive, and analytical methodology …

Using Heritage Buildings To Shape The Image Of The Place, Samaa Alaqbi, Ibrahim Jawad Kadhim Al-Yousif, Saad F. Al-Nuaimi

Iraqi Journal of Architecture and Planning

The architectural image of the place is formed through the use of architecture, which consists of buildings with cultural value and carrying historical meanings and symbols. The new use of historical buildings includes re-adapting the buildings to meet the needs and requirements of the place. The disappearance of the old function leads to the building being neglected and destroyed. Therefore, the reuse of historical buildings preserves their architectural value and the meanings they carry and achieves an emotional link to the place. The research seeks to form the architectural image of the place through its reuse. The research relied on …

Impacts Of Design Features In Urban Green Spaces On Place Attachment And Visitors' Experience, Abuhayya Mahmoud, Albert Fekete

Iraqi Journal of Architecture and Planning

This study aims to investigate the influence of perceived design features of Urban Green Spaces (UGSs) on visitors' place attachment, motivation to visit, happiness, and health benefits. A cross-sectional survey design was employed, and data were collected from visitors to four UGSs in Gaza City using a systematic sampling approach. The survey instrument incorporated established items from previous studies and underwent rigorous expert review to ensure validity and reliability. The findings highlight the importance of specific design elements in enhancing UGSs attractiveness and fostering place attachment. While perceived UGSs design showed weak associations with motivation, happiness, and health outcomes, it …

The Role Of Technology In The Environmental And Formal Response To Architecture, Fatimah Jumah Idan, Ibrahim Jawad Kadhim Al-Yousif, Saad F. Al-Nuaimi

Iraqi Journal of Architecture and Planning

As a result of what the world witnessed in the emergence of technological developments and their irrational use and the resulting environmental crises that affected life, architects must propose architecture capable of responding to environmental influences in local architecture. Thus, the research goal is to identify the multiple levels of environmental response to architecture based on the correlation with changes in concepts, materials used, and apparent forms. There is a gap in knowledge regarding the correlation with changes in concepts, materials used, and apparent forms in achieving multiple levels of environmental response. A comprehensive theoretical framework was built to achieve …

Efficiency Of Pedestrian Bridges In Urban Area, Khawla Kareem Kawther, Haidar Razzaq Mohammad

Iraqi Journal of Architecture and Planning

Pedestrian bridges are important, and they cannot be dispensed. They transport people from one sidewalk to another without obstructing the movement of vehicles and creating congestion, and they are conducive to individuals' lives. This research deals with pedestrian bridges in Baghdad and their use efficiency. So, the researchers did the monitoring and surveying of the site. The researchers also surveyed a random sample to find if they use pedestrian bridges near their work site or housing. Whether they use these pedestrian bridges or not. How do they evaluate the effectiveness of these bridges? If these pedestrian bridges need different types …

Architectural Learning Based On Green Education, Jumana Labeeb, Abdullah Saadoon Salman Almaamoori

Iraqi Journal of Architecture and Planning

The primary role of the architectural university environment is to promote architectural education and graduate architectural outputs that possess creativity, development and sustainability skills, and because a green education is a newborn concept that did not take a large space in the field of university education in general and architecture in particular, so the research problem was determined by (the scientific need to crystallize a comprehensive theoretical conception of Green architectural education and identifying its components, tools and characteristics in upgrading architectural education), as the research aims to (extract the most important formal and material characteristics and features of green …

Evaluating The Open Design Strategy In Promoting Urban Interconnection Of New City Centers In Baghdad, Inaam Qassem Abdullah, Khansaa Ghazi Rasheed

Iraqi Journal of Architecture and Planning

Morphological or typological transformations and changes within cities led to new cities with rules disconnected from the center of the existing city, both intellectually and physically. These rules prevented the master plan areas from interconnecting with each other.  This research aims to achieve urban interconnection between new and existing city centers within a unified and cohesive design by relying on the most important design and planning strategies and mechanisms. The research begins by defining the open design strategy and its importance as a research topic. Then, we reviewed and discussed a group of studies through which the research problem was …

The Impact Of Random Thinking On Contemporary Iraqi Architecture: Architectural Production In Baghdad As A Case Study, Mustafa Kamil Kadhim, Sura Kassim, Nawfal Hussein Al-Mousawi

Iraqi Journal of Architecture and Planning

The contemporary architectural reality in Iraq has witnessed a set of phenomena that led it to the apparent deterioration and decline of the architect’s role in formulating designs with sound architectural features generated through a clear architectural design methodology carried out by the designer and resulting in the emergence of the so-called random architectural product through a group of individual experiences that led To increase the urban chaos. Accordingly, the research problem was determined by the ambiguity of scientific knowledge about the concept of random thinking and its relationship to the design process, which in turn led to the emergence …

Transformations In Fashion And Architecture (Causes And Mechanisms), Wasan Jawad, Mahdi Saleh A.H. Al-Ataabi

Iraqi Journal of Architecture and Planning

Transformation is one of the common characteristics between fashion and architecture, as the transformation is linked to contemporary intellectual trends that call for change and renewal. The research was based on the study of changes in fashion and architecture, and the research problem was identified with (cognitive deficiency about the causes and mechanisms of transformations in fashion and architecture). Accordingly, the aim of the research was determined by studying the indicators of the causes of transformation in both fashion and architecture and the mechanisms of this transformation. On the practical and symbolic uses of clothing, while exploring the role of …

Measuring Complementation In Urban Environments: Kadhimiya’S Historical City As A Case Study, Mustafa Tahseen Moslem Ismai, Basim Hasan Al Majid, Saad Khudhair Aljumaily

Iraqi Journal of Architecture and Planning

Assessing urban environments is necessary to address and mitigate the undesirable effects of urban challenges at different levels. The city responds to these challenges complementarily by proceeding with changes at the level of the profound structure and urban transformations at the level of the virtual structure through a set of strategies, mechanisms and tools of urban design. Good urban is the potential response in facing the contemporary and future urban challenges facing the city that urban design practitioners aspire to solve and complement the requirements of users and occupants. The research seeks to address the concept of urban complementation. The …

Covid-19 And Public Spaces: Improving Quality And Resilience For Healthier Places Case Study Liberty Square In Biskra, Hocine Boumaraf, Faiza Dahmouche, Louisa Amireche

Iraqi Journal of Architecture and Planning

The current Covid-19 pandemic has interested the world, changing habits and use of places. During the lockdown period, public spaces became empty, and new urban landscapes replaced the previous ones, transforming the private into the public. Children, young and elderly people were those who mainly had problems: to them, real life was negated at the time of their life, which is more critical reopening all public spaces once again allowed social interactions “in the presence”, although with respect for physical distancing, confirming the importance of these places for all. Safe urban public spaces are essential due to their public health …

Formal Activation Through Complexity Characteristic, Media Adel, Khansaa Ghazi Rasheed, Rana Mazin

Iraqi Journal of Architecture and Planning

Formal developments were characterized by different concepts, one of which was complexity, which affects the architecture because of its association with ambiguity and differentiation. The research begins with the definition of the complexity property. Then, the study discussed complexity as a design characteristic in terms of its phenomena and touched on the dimensions of complexity in the residential environment. The research problem is a need for knowledge about the property of complexity in the forms of buildings and what is related to their design dimensions in residential environments. The goal of the research was to identify the important vocabulary in …

Treatments Of Sustainable Preservation In Heritage Buildings: Reviews The Treatments That Can Improve The Preservation Of Heritage Buildings, Ula Faris Haider, Mustafa Kamil Kadhim

Iraqi Journal of Architecture and Planning

Heritage buildings result from human cultures and are a significant expression of civilization and cultural thought. It has become part of our lives, and informatics has become in all areas of life; it has a real place in human production and affects the present and future. From here, it was necessary to think about how to preserve the heritage buildings and their protectors in a way that suits the requirements of the present era and preserve them for future generations by introducing sustainable development and its fields to conservation operations. Minimal sustainable conservation operations are using modern technologies without compromising …

The Role Of Urban Memory In Reviving The Place ( Al-Rasheed Street Is A Case Study ), Hanan Salim, Mufeed Ehsan Shok

Iraqi Journal of Architecture and Planning

The concept of urban memory is one of the concepts that has received increasing attention in recent periods as countries race to form their own identity. The existing literature focused on the definition of urban elements in general and how to preserve buildings and exploit their memory to operate the building. Through this, the need for knowledge appears to detail these elements, as the research problem was chosen through (lack of) a clear perception of the role of urban memory elements in reviving the place.  The research goal emerged (exploring and categorizing the urban memory elements first, the criteria for …

Identity In Residential Neighbourhood: Analytical Study For Al_Jamea Community (627) Neighbourhood, Zahraa Mohammed Ali, Sanaa Sati Abbas

Iraqi Journal of Architecture and Planning

This paper deals with the concept of identity in residential neighborhoods. The research problem is about a knowledge gap of identity in residential neighborhoods. Identity has been procedurally defined as: “It is formation, presence in place, and production in it. What is productive, is the activity of the immediate social-urban environment, in which we are raised. So the individual, and his existence is a background for his lived life. As for what he does, is his action, his touch on this existence. What he creates, is after his intellectual and visual processes in his immediate surroundings .It is sometimes considered …

The Nature Of The Architectural Surfaces And The Structural Relationships In Order To Build Stability And Formal Balance, Anwar Shareef

Iraqi Journal of Architecture and Planning

The architectural surface represents one of the main pillars of formal configuration that work with each other to give the building external appearance and its formal properties. In general, the most important challenges facing the study of architecture is the analysis of The Structural Relationships under which the formal formation and formulas for generating its patterns within the different architectural directions to benefit from her in the process of architectural education. This original_study represented a step in the way of analyzing and establishing an information base for architectural propositions that dealt with surfaces according to Structural Relationships with multiple linking, …

Low-Income Housing Provision: Between Governmental Interventions And Informal Settlements - Greater Cairo Region Between 1980s And 2010s, Hussaen Ali Hasan Kahachi, Alison Brown

Iraqi Journal of Architecture and Planning

Low-cost housing, so-called affordable housing, is an important subject as it affects many aspects of people's well-being and city planning. The urban poor, who form a respectable percentage of cities' residents in many developing countries, are the most affected segment by the availability and affordability of housing. Governments often try their best to provide affordable housing through housing interventions and programs. However, many low-income people end up in informal settlements including slums and squatter settlements. This research analyzes state-led low-cost housing initiatives compared to informal affordable housing in developing countries. The importance of this research is mainly associated with understanding …