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Sensing Performance Of Mono And Bimetallic Nano Photonics Surface Enhanced Raman Scattering (Sers) Devices, Doaa Jubair, Alwan Alwan, Walid Hamoudi Jul 2026

Sensing Performance Of Mono And Bimetallic Nano Photonics Surface Enhanced Raman Scattering (Sers) Devices, Doaa Jubair, Alwan Alwan, Walid Hamoudi

Engineering and Technology Journal

In this research, sensing performance of mono and bimetallic nanophotonics SERS sensors of gold-silver nano-columns for the detection of chlorpyrifos was investigated. For optimum substrates for Gold-silver/nano-column surface-enhanced, Raman scattering (SERS) was achieved with the silicon substrate. By combining the Ag SERS activity with the Au chemical stability and nano-columns Si large field enhancement, the Au-Ag/nano-columns Si substrate revealed perfect reproducibility, homogeneity, sensitivity in addition to chemical stability. The sensors were tested by Atomic force microscope (AFM), field emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM), energy-dispersive X-ray analysis (EDS), and X-ray diffraction (XRD). Findings presented in this research indicated modified distributions and …

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Programing And Procedure Design Of Stand-Alone Pv System For Clean Energy Home Supply In Baghdad, Sarah Al-Shammari, Abdulhassan Karamallah, Sattar Habeeb Jul 2026

Programing And Procedure Design Of Stand-Alone Pv System For Clean Energy Home Supply In Baghdad, Sarah Al-Shammari, Abdulhassan Karamallah, Sattar Habeeb

Engineering and Technology Journal

Global demand for energy production is in an increasing trend. However, a gap between energy production and energy demand still represents an industrial challenge. Iraq, like too many developing countries, is an example of such problematic. To tackle these issues, renewable energy could be a valid solution. Renewable energy becomes necessary especially the unique location of the received solar energy and long daylight. Many pieces of research deal with maximum benefit from this condition. This paper discusses the design stand-alone PV system for one home in Baghdad and sizing all components in that system start with energy demand, inverter power, …

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Effect Of Embedment And Spacing Ratios On The Response Of Lateral Load Of Single And Group Piles, Mohammed Al-Neami, Mohammed Al-Dahlaki, Aya Chalob Jul 2026

Effect Of Embedment And Spacing Ratios On The Response Of Lateral Load Of Single And Group Piles, Mohammed Al-Neami, Mohammed Al-Dahlaki, Aya Chalob

Engineering and Technology Journal

This paper displays an experimental work of three-scale model tests of single pile and nine–scale model tests of group pile (1x2) with spacing to diameter (S/D) ratios (2,4, and 6) respectively. The pile models inserted in the medium-dense dry sand with a relative density of 60% and different length to diameter (L/D) ratios (15, 25, and 30) were subjected to the lateral load with a rate of 2.5 mm/min. The test results present the effect of the change of the ratio of (L/D) and (S/D) on lateral displacements at the head of the pile. For single and group piles when …

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Effect Of Growth Time On The Structural, Optical And Electrical Properties Of The 1%Fe Doped Tio2 P-Type Synthesized By Hydrothermal Technique, Sattar Hashim, Odai Salman, Khaleel Hassoon Jul 2026

Effect Of Growth Time On The Structural, Optical And Electrical Properties Of The 1%Fe Doped Tio2 P-Type Synthesized By Hydrothermal Technique, Sattar Hashim, Odai Salman, Khaleel Hassoon

Engineering and Technology Journal

In this work, a hydrothermal technique is employed to prepare titanium dioxide films on fluorine-doped tin oxide (FTO) substrates. A low-cost homemade autoclave was used to fabricate iron-doped -TiO2 films (1at. %Fe) at different reaction times from 1 to 4 hours.  X-ray diffraction (XRD) patterns showed that the predominant phase is rutile (R-TiO2) with peaks at (101), (002), and (112). The XRD results showed that with increasing reaction time the peaks become sharper and narrowed. The images of the field emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM) showed that with increasing reaction time the films appeared to have vertically aligned TiO2 nanorods. …

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A Survey In Implementation And Applications Of Electroencephalograph (Eeg)-Based Brain-Computer Interface, Samaa Abdulwahab, Hussain Khleaf, Manal Jasim Jul 2026

A Survey In Implementation And Applications Of Electroencephalograph (Eeg)-Based Brain-Computer Interface, Samaa Abdulwahab, Hussain Khleaf, Manal Jasim

Engineering and Technology Journal

A Brain-Computer Interface (BCI) is an external system that controls activities and processes in the physical world based on brain signals. In Passive BCI, artificial signals are automatically generated by a computer program without any input from nerves in the body. This is useful for individuals with mobility issues. Traditional BCI has been dependent only on recording brain signals with Electroencephalograph (EEG) and has used a rule-based translation algorithm to generate control commands. These systems have developed very accurate translation systems. This paper is about the different methods for adapting the signals from the brain. It has been mentioned that …

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Retrofitting Of Scc Deep Beams With Circular Openings Using Cfrp, Nabeel Al-Bayati, Dhiyaa Mohammed, Nawfal Abdul Jabbar Jul 2026

Retrofitting Of Scc Deep Beams With Circular Openings Using Cfrp, Nabeel Al-Bayati, Dhiyaa Mohammed, Nawfal Abdul Jabbar

Engineering and Technology Journal

The main objectives of this study are: encouraging the production and use of  self-compacting  concrete,  use  of  materials  which  are  lightweight,  easy to  use,  and  highly  efficient  in  the  retrofitting  of  reinforced  concrete buildings. Six deep beams specimens (L= length of 1400mm, h= height of 400mm,   and   b=   width   of   150mm)   were   cast   using   self-compacting concrete.  The  location  of  the  openings  is  in  the  middle  of  assumed  load path.  Five  patterns  were  adopted  to  arrange  carbon  fiber  reinforced polymer (CFRP) strips. The cylinder compressive strength of the concrete was  approximately  equal  for  all  beams  and  was  about  (44  MPa)  at …

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Effect Of Pile's Number On The Behavior Of Piled Raft Foundation, Dheyaa Hadi, Mohanned Waheed, Mohammed Fattah Jul 2026

Effect Of Pile's Number On The Behavior Of Piled Raft Foundation, Dheyaa Hadi, Mohanned Waheed, Mohammed Fattah

Engineering and Technology Journal

This paper introduces an experimental research on the behavior of the piled raft foundation (PRF) in sand of two states (loose and medium sand). A small model has been tested in a soil container and the vertical load was applied to the foundation through a pneumatic jack. The settlement of the foundation was measured using a displacement transducer; three sensors were attached to the pile heads to measure the axial load borne in a group by each pile by the Arduino data logger. The laboratory experiments were carried out on models of (1 pile), (1x2), (1x3), (2x3), (3 x3), (3 …

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Preparation Of Nickel Oxide Microparticles By Pulsed Laser Ablation And Application To Gas Sensors, Nedal Hussain, Luma Abbas, Lamyaa Latif Jul 2026

Preparation Of Nickel Oxide Microparticles By Pulsed Laser Ablation And Application To Gas Sensors, Nedal Hussain, Luma Abbas, Lamyaa Latif

Engineering and Technology Journal

Nickel oxide (NiO) microparticles were synthesized by pulsed laser ablation in double deionized water and intensively studied using Nd:YAG laser. The obtained sample was examined by X-ray diffraction, XRD measurement which tests the existence of polycrystalline. The structural parameters introduced and surface morphology was studied using field emission scanning electron microscopy devices. The optical properties of microparticles in a liquid were investigated through UV-VIS spectroscopy. The CO/CO2 sensing properties of the NiO microstructure sensors were systematically investigated, and the effects of different laser fluencies on the CO/CO2 sensing characteristics were analyzed. XRD measurements reflected the existence of polycrystalline, the optical …

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Investigating The Effect Of Magnetite (Fe3o4) Nanoparticles On Mechanical Properties Of Epoxy Resin, Ehab Kaadhm, Khansaa Salman, Ahameed Raja Jul 2026

Investigating The Effect Of Magnetite (Fe3o4) Nanoparticles On Mechanical Properties Of Epoxy Resin, Ehab Kaadhm, Khansaa Salman, Ahameed Raja

Engineering and Technology Journal

In this paper, study the effects of magnetite nanomaterial Fe3O4 on the mechanical properties of epoxy. Dispersion of Fe3O4 nanoparticles in the epoxy resin was performed by ultrasonication. The samples of the nanocomposites were prepared using the casting method. The nanocomposites contain epoxy resins as a matrix material incorporated by different weight percentages of magnetite Fe3O4 that varies from 0wt.% to 15wt.% as a reinforcing material. The epoxy with the additive reinforcement materials Fe3O4 was slowly mixed in a sonication bath for 15 minutes, then the mixture poured into silicon molds. Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy FESEM and X-ray diffraction …

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The Effect Of The Waste Of Materials And Carbon Nanotube On The Concrete Incorporated With Steel Fibers, Mayada Saleem, Farhad. Othman, Alla Abdul-Hameed Jul 2026

The Effect Of The Waste Of Materials And Carbon Nanotube On The Concrete Incorporated With Steel Fibers, Mayada Saleem, Farhad. Othman, Alla Abdul-Hameed

Engineering and Technology Journal

The addition of agricultural and industrial solid wastes and nanomaterials to concrete combined with steel fibers to improve the mechanical and electrical properties of concrete was investigated. This approach could be used in advanced applications in electromagnetic shielding and conductive concrete. Steel fibers were used at 2%wt. of sand and (induction furnace slag (EIF), carbon nanotube (CNT), steel wool fibers, prepared corn husks) at 0.5 and 1 wt.%. of cement. Obtained results of using 1% for both carbon nanotube and steel wool with steel fibers in the mixture 4 and 6, respectively, showed the highest rates of compressive strength. A …

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A Desirability Function For Evaluation Of Corrosion Behavior For Nanocoated- Steel Using Electroless Technique, Muroog Shinyar, Abbas Hussein, Laith Abbas Jul 2026

A Desirability Function For Evaluation Of Corrosion Behavior For Nanocoated- Steel Using Electroless Technique, Muroog Shinyar, Abbas Hussein, Laith Abbas

Engineering and Technology Journal

The current work is conducting an experimental investigation into the effect of those technical parameters, called nanomaterial, bath temperature and plating time on the micro-hardness and corrosion rate of electroless plated low carbon steel undergoing electroless deposition operation. It was used to prepare (Ni-P/ Nano TiO2), (Ni-P/ Nano Al2O3) and (Ni -P/ Nano SiO2) alloys in this research. The Taguchi design is used to describe the variations located within the corrosion and mechanical properties. To achieve a comprehensive study, a Taguchi-based design was used to account for all applicable combinations of factors. Experimental models had been advanced that linking the …

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Study Of Cus Thin Films Deposited By Pld Simulated For Prism Based Spr Sensor, Isaac Najm, Ali Alwahib, Suad Kadhim Jul 2026

Study Of Cus Thin Films Deposited By Pld Simulated For Prism Based Spr Sensor, Isaac Najm, Ali Alwahib, Suad Kadhim

Engineering and Technology Journal

Copper Sulfide CuS thin film was prepared using pulsed laser deposition PLD technique and characterized by X-ray and SEM. The optical, structural, and morphological properties are examined at different energies 500 mJ, 600 mJ, 700 mJ, and 800 mJ. The best result was 600 mJ which annealed at various annealing temperatures 300°C, 350°C, 400°C, and 450°C. The effect of thermal annealing on CuS thin film was examined X-ray and SEM. CuS Film was simulated using a prism-based SPR optical sensor. This paper introduces the optical test study of CuS thin film deposited by pulsed laser deposition technique on the quartz …

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Nonlinear Finite Element Analysis Of The Seismic Retrofitting Of Existing Buildings, Shirin Abdulla, Mohammed Hamood, Mohammed Al Hamdani Jul 2026

Nonlinear Finite Element Analysis Of The Seismic Retrofitting Of Existing Buildings, Shirin Abdulla, Mohammed Hamood, Mohammed Al Hamdani

Engineering and Technology Journal

Finite Element Analysis (FEA) is a helpful tool for finding solutions to civil engineering problems. In this paper, the numerical analysis was performed by simulating an experimental test by using FEA tools, Abaqus /CAE2019 was used to develop and retrofit solutions to sustain existing structures for seismic hazard. The 3D building was modeled, and nonlinear analysis was adopted. This experimental building was tested at the Joint Research Centre (JRC) of the ELSA facility that is in Ispra-Italy. This model was a building of a full-scale four-story tested using the pseudo-dynamic (PsD) techniques.The retrofitting model was done by adding new RC …

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Indices-Based Evaluation Of Spatiotemporal Distribution Of Drought Within Derbendkhan Dam Watershed, Mahmoud Saleh Al-Khafaji, Rusul Al-Ameri Jul 2026

Indices-Based Evaluation Of Spatiotemporal Distribution Of Drought Within Derbendkhan Dam Watershed, Mahmoud Saleh Al-Khafaji, Rusul Al-Ameri

Engineering and Technology Journal

Drought is one of the most significant natural disasters in Iraq. It has a strong impact on the water resources in Iraq. Consequently, it causes massive environmental damage, economic deficiency, and social problems to the country. Therefore, more considerations towards the study and management of drought has become of vital importance in recent decades.In this paper, three drought indices (DIs) were computed for evaluation of the spatiotemporal of drought within Derbendikhan Dam Watershed (DDW) in the Diyala River Basin, Iraq. Based on the monthly weather data for the period (1984 – 2013) downloaded from the Climate Forecast System Reanalysis (CFSR) …

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Ansys-Based Structural Analysis Study Of Elevated Spherical Tank Exposed To Earthquake, Mahmoud Al-Khafaji, Ahlam Mohammed, Muna Salman Jul 2026

Ansys-Based Structural Analysis Study Of Elevated Spherical Tank Exposed To Earthquake, Mahmoud Al-Khafaji, Ahlam Mohammed, Muna Salman

Engineering and Technology Journal

Damage of elevated tanks during earthquakes can jeopardize the supply of drinking water and causes significant economic losses. Therefore, seismic analysis of tanks containing liquids requires special consideration. Knowledge of liquid hydrodynamic pressures developed during an earthquake is important for tank design. This paper aims to verify the dynamic reaction of structural systems of spherical elevated steel tanks containing water, and determine the natural frequencies that contribute to the physical response, as well as seismic analysis of the tank. A three dimensional Finite Element Model was developed to identify the main parameters involved in this response for three different fullness …

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Flexural Properties Of Functionally Graded Polymer Alumina Nanoparticles, Mahdi Shareef, Ahmed Al-Khazraji, Samir Amin Jul 2026

Flexural Properties Of Functionally Graded Polymer Alumina Nanoparticles, Mahdi Shareef, Ahmed Al-Khazraji, Samir Amin

Engineering and Technology Journal

In this paper, a functionally graded polymer nanocomposite (FGPNC) was arranged via mixing the Alumina (Al2O3) nanoparticles (50 – 100 nm) with an epoxy matrix through five layers of 1.2 mm thickness for each layer using hand lay–up technique. Different volume fractions were taken (0, 1, 2, 3 and 4) % of the used nanoparticles and were cast in molds made from acrylic for creating the graded composite sheet in the thickness direction. The prepared isotropic specimen was tested by tensile and compressive test. The results showed that the (4% Vf of Al2O3) has the best enhancement of the ultimate …

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Humidification Effect On The Performance And Emissions Of (Di) Diesel Engine Running On Diesel Fuel With Biodiesel Blended Nano Additives, Hussein Jumaa, Mahmoud Mashkour Jul 2026

Humidification Effect On The Performance And Emissions Of (Di) Diesel Engine Running On Diesel Fuel With Biodiesel Blended Nano Additives, Hussein Jumaa, Mahmoud Mashkour

Engineering and Technology Journal

The effect of humidification of the air on the performance of a compression ignition engine operating on diesel, biodiesel with nano additives was investigated. The experiment was carried out on a single-cylinder, four-stroke, naturally aspirated water-cooled, direct injection Ricardo (E6/US) diesel engine at a constant speed of 1800 rpm, and varying loads. A mixture of Biodiesel (waste cooking oil) and diesel fuel by four ratios (B5, B10, B15, and B20) was used in the experiment. Besides, five concentrations of Iron oxide nanoparticles (Fe2O3, with particle size 20 nm) as fuel-additives were prepared (10 ppm, 30 ppm, 50 ppm, 70 ppm, …

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Analysis Of Distribution System Reconfiguration Under Different Load Demand In Al-Kut City By Using Pso Algorithm, Zahraa Dawood, Rashid Al-Rubayi Jul 2026

Analysis Of Distribution System Reconfiguration Under Different Load Demand In Al-Kut City By Using Pso Algorithm, Zahraa Dawood, Rashid Al-Rubayi

Engineering and Technology Journal

Network reconfiguration is the best way to inquisitive a flexible, reliable and effective distribution network. An efficient optimization technique that uses Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) is described and analyzed with the goal of reducing power losses and enhancing the voltage profile in the distribution network by reconfiguring the network, taking into account the branch current limit, branch capacity limit, bus voltage limits and radial structure constraint (no meshed loop). The approach is applied to the part of AL-KUT city distribution system (TAMOZE region system) to attain an optimum network configuration in connection with power loss. Two dissimilar load situations are …

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Effect Of Co2 Laser Fluence On Cladding Geometrical Dimensions Alternations, Mohammed Kadhim, Mahdi Hanon, Suhair Hussein Jul 2026

Effect Of Co2 Laser Fluence On Cladding Geometrical Dimensions Alternations, Mohammed Kadhim, Mahdi Hanon, Suhair Hussein

Engineering and Technology Journal

Geometrical dimensions could play a potential role in the function of laser cladding of nickel-base powder on the cold-rolled carbon steel substrate. The geometrical dimensions and their impact on the efficiency of the process of laser cladding of nickel-base powder (Ni -10wt% Al) on cold rolled 0.2% carbon steel substrate was investigated. This work focused on the effect of laser-specific energy input of CO2laser. The geometrical dimensions of cladding regions are including cladding width, cladding height, depth of dilution, contact angle, dilution area, cladding area, and heat-affected zone dimensions determinations. The laser power (1.8 kW) was used at different traverse …

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Effect Of Adding Silver Element And Zirconia Ceramic On Corrosion Behavior And Mechanical Properties Of Pure Titanium, Wehad Al-Rawy, Emad Al-Hassani Jul 2026

Effect Of Adding Silver Element And Zirconia Ceramic On Corrosion Behavior And Mechanical Properties Of Pure Titanium, Wehad Al-Rawy, Emad Al-Hassani

Engineering and Technology Journal

In this research, all the samples are prepared using the powder metallurgy technique by adding silver element and Zirconia ceramic material to the commercially pure titanium at a different weight percent of (10, 20 and 30) to investigate the effect of adding these materials to the CP-Ti on corrosion behavior and mechanical properties. There are two sets of each type of alloys Ti-Ag and Ti ZrO2. The Preparation process was by Weighing, Mixing and Homogenizing Powders by Ball Mill, compacting at 4 tons for 1 min. and Sintering at 700 and 900 °C for 2 hrs. under a controlled atmosphere. …

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Effect Of Ordinary Portland Cement On Some Properties Of Pervious Geopolymer Concrete, Wasan I. Khalil, Qais J. Frayyeh, Haider T. Abed Jul 2026

Effect Of Ordinary Portland Cement On Some Properties Of Pervious Geopolymer Concrete, Wasan I. Khalil, Qais J. Frayyeh, Haider T. Abed

Engineering and Technology Journal

In this research, a study is made on the Pervious Geopolymer Concrete (PGC), which is based on local material (Metakaolin). The inclusion of Ordinary Portland Cement (OPC) as a partial substitute for Metakaolin (MK) for the production of (PGCs) has also been investigated. Pervious Geopolymer concrete was outputted from the local Metakaolin (MK), and ordinary Portland cement (OPC) as a partial substitute by weight of MK and silicate of sodium (Na2SiO3) and hydroxide of sodium (NaOH) solution. All PGC samples were cured after 24 hours from casting for five hours at a temperature degree of 50 ° C, then they …

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Design Of Robust Fopi-Fopd Controller For Maglev System Using Particle Swarm Optimization, Salwan Y. Yousif, Mohamed J. Mohamed Jul 2026

Design Of Robust Fopi-Fopd Controller For Maglev System Using Particle Swarm Optimization, Salwan Y. Yousif, Mohamed J. Mohamed

Engineering and Technology Journal

Magnetic Levitation System (MLS) is one of the benchmark laboratories models for designing and testing feedback control systems in the presence of the parametric uncertainties and disturbances effect. Therefore, the MLS can be regarded as a tool to study and verify a certain robust controller design. In this paper, two types of powerful control schemes are presented to control the MLS. The first controller is a robust PI-PD controller, while the other is a robust fractional order FOPI-FOPD controller which provides two extra degrees of freedom to the system. In both controller design procedures, the Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) algorithm …

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A New Method Using Naive Bayes And Rgbd Facial Identification Based On Extracted Features From Image Pixels, Wisam H. Ali Jul 2026

A New Method Using Naive Bayes And Rgbd Facial Identification Based On Extracted Features From Image Pixels, Wisam H. Ali

Engineering and Technology Journal

Nowadays, life seems to have been resilient, particularly for those with physical disabilities. Recognition of AV letters is one of the critical and famously the difficult structures. This research has been developed based on the potential of the features in some applications than the statistical properties. While, these features have been resolved the lip movement for AV letters recognition, Naive Bayesian and Red green blue and depth RGBD have been adopted for visual letter identification. Naive Bayesian has 73.33% for usual recognition with three letters, each with ten frames, while RGBD classifier is 100%. Within that for this case, two …

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Slope Stability Analysis Of Haditha Dam After Earthquake Using Geo-Studio Software, Mohammed K. Malik, Ibtisam R. Karim Jul 2026

Slope Stability Analysis Of Haditha Dam After Earthquake Using Geo-Studio Software, Mohammed K. Malik, Ibtisam R. Karim

Engineering and Technology Journal

The current study is designed to analyze theslope stability of Haditha damwhich is an earth-fill dam constructed on the Euphrates River in the middle-west of Iraq. Finite element modeling was used in the present study to analyze the combined seepage and post-earthquake slope stability of Haditha earth dam. The maximum water level of a steady seepage case was considered to evaluate seepage. - Three different water levels (maximum, normal, and minimum) were applied, and nine different equilibrium slope stability limits were used to analyze the upstream and downstream slopes of the dam with three horizontal maximum accelerations.The input data given …

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Characterization Of Nb2o5-Ni Coating Prepared By Dc Sputtering, Hiyam M. Jedy, Rana A. Anaee, Abdullah A. Abdulkarim Jul 2026

Characterization Of Nb2o5-Ni Coating Prepared By Dc Sputtering, Hiyam M. Jedy, Rana A. Anaee, Abdullah A. Abdulkarim

Engineering and Technology Journal

The Nb2O5-Ni coating was processed using DC sputtering on structural steel and study characterization of composite coating SEM/EDS inspection indicated clearly perfect incorporation of Nb2O5 within the nickel rich. Increasing in surface roughness and decreasing in average diameters of particles were obtained for coated surface compared with uncoated surface from AFM analysis, in addition, microhardness test and thickness test showed that increasing of the hardness value to 163 HV for Nb2O5 - Ni composite coating compared to 132 HV for uncoated samples, the hardness for Ni coating also increasing to155 HV and the thickness for Nb2O5-Ni composite coatings increased significantly …

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Optimal H-Infinity Pid Model Reference Controller Design For Roll Control Of A Tail-Sitter Vtol Uav, Ali H. Mhmood, Hazem I. Ali Jul 2026

Optimal H-Infinity Pid Model Reference Controller Design For Roll Control Of A Tail-Sitter Vtol Uav, Ali H. Mhmood, Hazem I. Ali

Engineering and Technology Journal

In this work, an optimal and robust controller based on consolidating the PID controller and H-infinity approach with the model reference control is proposed. The proposed controller is intended to accomplish a satisfactory transient response by including the reference model. A Tail-Sitter VTOL UAV system is used to show the effectiveness of the proposed controller. A dynamic model of the system is formulated using Euler method. To optimize the design procedure, the Black Hole Optimization (BHO) method is used as a new Calibration method. The deviation between the reference model output and system output will be minimized to obtain the …

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Phase Transformations, Microstructure And Shape Memory Effect Of Nitiag Alloy With Different Atomic Percentages (At. % Ag) Manufactured By Casting Method, Saja M. Hussein, Khansaa D. Salman, Ahmed A. Hussein Jul 2026

Phase Transformations, Microstructure And Shape Memory Effect Of Nitiag Alloy With Different Atomic Percentages (At. % Ag) Manufactured By Casting Method, Saja M. Hussein, Khansaa D. Salman, Ahmed A. Hussein

Engineering and Technology Journal

In this paper, shape memory alloys (SMAs) (NiTi-based) have been manufactured by casting with a different atomic percentage of a silver element (0, 1, 2 and 3 at. % Ag) using a Vacuum Arc Remelting (VAR) furnace. The silver element is added to the binary alloys due to its excellent properties such as (anti-corrosion, anti-bacterial and high electrical conductivity), which make these alloys using in wider applications. These alloys with different atomic percentages (Ni55Ti45Ag0, Ni55Ti44Ag1, Ni55Ti43Ag2 and Ni55Ti42Ag3) have been manufactured. The successful manufacturing process has been achieved and proved via examinations and tests. The FESEM microscopic examinations show that …

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Assessment Of The Water Quality Index Of The Tigris River Between The University Of Baghdad And Diyala River, Ayat N. Abed, Gahyda Y. Al Kindi, Tariq A. Hussain Jul 2026

Assessment Of The Water Quality Index Of The Tigris River Between The University Of Baghdad And Diyala River, Ayat N. Abed, Gahyda Y. Al Kindi, Tariq A. Hussain

Engineering and Technology Journal

The Tigris River is considered as one of the two major rivers in Iraq. Many factories are located on both bank of the river such as the public company for soft drinks, Al-Dura oil refinery, chemical, plastic, and leather factories, Dura electricity station, and others. It is well known that most discharge effluents into the river do not match national standard specifications. In addition, the major aim of the presented work is to assess the Water Quality Index (WQI) for the Tigris River starting from The University of Baghdad to 0.5 km downflow the confluence of the Diyala River. The …

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Optimal Placement And Size Of Distributed Generators Based On Autoadd And Pso To Improve Voltage Profile And Minimize Power Losses, Mustafa R. Nasser, Inaam I. Ali, Mohammed H. Alkhafaji Jul 2026

Optimal Placement And Size Of Distributed Generators Based On Autoadd And Pso To Improve Voltage Profile And Minimize Power Losses, Mustafa R. Nasser, Inaam I. Ali, Mohammed H. Alkhafaji

Engineering and Technology Journal

This work aims to improve the voltage profile and reduce electrical network losses through optimal planning of distributed generators. A new search algorithm (Autoadd) along with the (PSO) are introduced to choose the best location and size for distributed generators. Two systems are implemented; a 33-bus test network and a 30-bus of a local community in the city of Al- Diwaniyah. At the power flow, a solution is implemented using a fixed-point iteration method within an OpenDSS environment to check the performance of both networks. Moreover, the optimal location and size of the distributed generators are determined using Autoadd and …

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Estimation Of The Components Of Residential Solid Waste In Baqubah City And Their Generation Rate, Esraa Q. Shehab, Zainab B. Mohammed, Mohammed Y. Fattah Jul 2026

Estimation Of The Components Of Residential Solid Waste In Baqubah City And Their Generation Rate, Esraa Q. Shehab, Zainab B. Mohammed, Mohammed Y. Fattah

Engineering and Technology Journal

Municipal solid waste is of variable, non-uniform inconsistent nature and the method by which the sample to acquire is decisive if the results are to be reliable. For data collection, an integrated methodological approach was introduced, including field investigation, questionnaire survey, and personal interviews, which were employed to estimate the rate of waste production and physical composition at the source of generation. Samples were collected from different socio-economic clusters (socio-income level). According to the results of the preliminary survey for 99% confidence interval and 10% standard error, the optimum sample size was 105 households, in Baqubah City in Diyala Governorate …

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