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Methodological Tools For Informed And Critical Alienation, Liene Jakobsone Sep 2025

Methodological Tools For Informed And Critical Alienation, Liene Jakobsone

Learn X Design Conference Series

This paper proposes Speculative design as a methodology to cultivate criticality and self-awareness in design students. It introduces a course assignment and discusses a range of approaches that have enabled the achievement of the anticipated learning outcomes. As part of this account, students’ difficulties to question the prevailing economic and socio-political system is presented, along with a proposal to overcome this issue. The method is based on the Speculative design project ‘United Micro Kingdoms’ by Anthony Dunne and Fiona Raby. The ideological framework developed within this project is adopted for pedagogical purposes. This framework, depicted as a coordinate plane with …


Learning By Teaching Blended International Design Workshops, Daniel Buzzo, Kristina Andersen, António Gorgel, Jonathan Chacón Pérez, Martin Knobel, Lara Piccolo, Pras Gunasekera Sep 2025

Learning By Teaching Blended International Design Workshops, Daniel Buzzo, Kristina Andersen, António Gorgel, Jonathan Chacón Pérez, Martin Knobel, Lara Piccolo, Pras Gunasekera

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This paper draws upon the experience of designing events to provide design students with a multicultural and inspirational learning environment for exchanging knowledge and collectively build new skills. To this end, it reports on the planning, structure and subsequent delivery of an EU Erasmus+ workshop funded “Blended Intensive Program (BIP)” in a collaboration between four Design programs from four EU countries. Four professors and more than 20 undergraduate students participated, assisted by administrative staff from each of the institute’s international offices, collaborating through a blended online and in-person format. Together, the students brought both similar and different perspectives on design …


Designing With Communities For Humanity-Centered Design: Advancing Sustainability Knowledge And Practices In Industrial Design Education, Yoon Jung Choi, Jiayuan Dong, Brook Kennedy Sep 2025

Designing With Communities For Humanity-Centered Design: Advancing Sustainability Knowledge And Practices In Industrial Design Education, Yoon Jung Choi, Jiayuan Dong, Brook Kennedy

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Participatory design with community engagement has demonstrated significant potential for addressing the complexities of environmental governance and fostering interconnected systems to accelerate the circular economy. This highlights the need for a paradigm shift in design education, transitioning from traditional human-centered methodologies to a broader humanity-centered approach. This paper examines insights gained by Industrial Design students at Virginia Tech through a collaboration with local stakeholders in Floyd aimed at promoting sustainability. The project focused on reducing wasteful behaviors associated with end-of-life products by developing design and service solutions to minimize landfill disposal through participatory design processes. Students proposed twenty-seven design concepts …


Examining The Impact Of Design Studies: Systems And Persuasion Courses On Undergraduate Design Students At Carnegie Mellon University, Luis Garcia, Audrey Reiley, Albert Zhang Sep 2025

Examining The Impact Of Design Studies: Systems And Persuasion Courses On Undergraduate Design Students At Carnegie Mellon University, Luis Garcia, Audrey Reiley, Albert Zhang

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This study examines the impact of two courses, Systems and Persuasion, within Carnegie Mellon University's Design Studies curriculum. Through qualitative analysis of a substantial number of reflective responses collected via weekly exit tickets, the research identifies key themes that highlight the influence of these courses on second-year undergraduate design students. Students gained a nuanced understanding of design as a systemic, ethical, and collaborative practice, emphasizing systems thinking, empathy, and the implications of behavioral change across multiple scale levels. The findings suggest that students developed a heightened awareness of the interconnectedness of design interventions, recognizing the broader societal and environmental consequences …


Exploring Cultural Frames And The Visual Language Of Rituals, Amrita Datta, Amy Fortunato Sep 2025

Exploring Cultural Frames And The Visual Language Of Rituals, Amrita Datta, Amy Fortunato

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In Visual Communication Design, significant emphasis on intercultural communication has aided the development of intercultural competence. This case study investigates how design education can develop cross-cultural awareness by focusing on how cultural frames evolve through experiences and societal perception while becoming increasingly layered and complex. To fully extricate oneself from one's cultural context is challenging, but raising awareness of its limitations and subtleties is achievable. Recognizing diverse cultural frames can broaden one's perspective, leading to a more nuanced understanding of both the articulation and consumption of messaging in visual communication. Two educators located in different socio-political contexts in the United …


Transforming Education: Add-On Workshops As A Tool To Integrate Ethical Responsibility In Design Education, Elisabeth Friesinger, Stephan Krusche Sep 2025

Transforming Education: Add-On Workshops As A Tool To Integrate Ethical Responsibility In Design Education, Elisabeth Friesinger, Stephan Krusche

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Design education plays a critical role in shaping sustainable societal and environmental futures, making ethical responsibility essential. This paper examines the integration of short, flexible workshops into courses to intertwining ethics and sustainability across diverse educational contexts. Implemented at three German Universities of Applied Sciences, the workshops aimed to raise awareness and encourage students to engage with ethical challenges in their design practice. A mixed-methods evaluation, combining post-workshop surveys and facilitator observations, found that the workshops appear to increase students' awareness and understanding of their responsibilities as designers. Key success factors included an informal, interactive format and adaptability to educational …


From Portfolio To Prototype: Tinkering Workshops In Design Education, Dajana Nedic, Rachael Paine Sep 2025

From Portfolio To Prototype: Tinkering Workshops In Design Education, Dajana Nedic, Rachael Paine

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In contemporary graphic design education, there is a significant need for hands-on exploration that bridges traditional design tools with emerging technologies. This exploration affords students with opportunities to engage in tinkering—a process of iterative, playful experimentation that fosters innovation and adaptability. As Cezzar (2020) explains, by critically reflecting on material opportunities and limitations through questioning tools, materials, and processes, students gain more knowledge and clarity when creating physical and digital tools. We sought to address this opportunity by developing a technology-focused tinkering workshop at University A (name of University masked for blind review). This workshop invited students to examine the …


Exploring Cross-Disciplinary Lessons In Interaction Design Courses, Joshua Pridemore, Molly Briggs, Abigail Chen, Laura Chiaramonte, Rachael Dietkus, Fengzhou Shao, Ben Tairy, Fan Xia, Yiqi Xiao, Amanda Yates Sep 2025

Exploring Cross-Disciplinary Lessons In Interaction Design Courses, Joshua Pridemore, Molly Briggs, Abigail Chen, Laura Chiaramonte, Rachael Dietkus, Fengzhou Shao, Ben Tairy, Fan Xia, Yiqi Xiao, Amanda Yates

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This case study explores the transformative potential of cross-disciplinary approaches in teaching interaction design for social impact. By integrating insights from diverse fields such as trauma-informed design, interactive dance, media theory, and environmental storytelling, the course challenges students to think beyond traditional design practices. Students were encouraged to create projects that not only demonstrated technical and creative expertise but also engaged deeply with emotional, societal, and ethical dimensions of design. The course culminated in a public exhibition where students showcased interactive installations addressing real-world issues, including online safety, animal testing, environmental awareness, and technology addiction. Through a combination of theoretical …


Using Reverse Engineering To Bridge Design Theory And Manufacturing Practice, Manuel Hodrius Sep 2025

Using Reverse Engineering To Bridge Design Theory And Manufacturing Practice, Manuel Hodrius

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This case study presents an approach for bridging the persistent gap between design education and manufacturing practice. The module combines reverse engineering, simulated production planning, and cross-functional collaboration within a dual-track structure of theoretical lectures and a hands-on Planspiel (simulation game). It aims to strengthen students’ Design for Manufacturing knowledge and foster an interrelated mindset that enables effective collaboration across the product development process (PDP) and supports informed, strategic design decisions early on. Weekly collaborative sessions simulate authentic professional interactions, while students assume distinct industry roles, mirroring real-world team dynamics and reinforcing the systemic integration of design and production. Despite …


The Fuzzy Edges Of Online Design Studios, Nicole Lotz, Derek Jones, Tina Deiml-Seibt Sep 2025

The Fuzzy Edges Of Online Design Studios, Nicole Lotz, Derek Jones, Tina Deiml-Seibt

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This conversation paper draws upon the professional expertise of three designers of educational online studios. By reflecting on the design, development, and use of two online design studios, Incom and ODS, over the past two decades, the research explores the ‘fuzzy edges’ of studio environments. Studio carries rich peripheral information and ambient awareness, enabling studio users to ‘read the room’. This inherently fuzzy yet crucial process facilitates the formation of impressions that guide and sustain social engagement. While a precise definition of this fuzziness remains elusive, key characteristics can be identified: experiential, visible, performative, incomplete, negotiated, and opportunistic, which are …


Uncertain First Encounters And Dialogues In Design Education, Angeliki Dimaki-Adolfsen, Vibeke Johansen Sjøvoll Sep 2025

Uncertain First Encounters And Dialogues In Design Education, Angeliki Dimaki-Adolfsen, Vibeke Johansen Sjøvoll

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This dialogic paper emerged from the need of a reflective sharing space for our daily pedagogical activities. It delves into moments and interactions with first year design students and attempts to comprehend and reflect upon educational practices. This paper follows fragmental discussions between two scholars, educators, and new colleagues, Angeliki and Vibeke, in the form of digital correspondence, during a hectic autumn semester. Our aim is to decentralize these reflections from our pedagogical skills and toolboxes and to position them within the broader discussion of critical pedagogy and students’ agency to influence the pedagogical activities within their education. Our reflections …


From Awareness To Action: Embracing Sustainability Topics – An Interview Study About Sustainability Topics With Graphic Design Stakeholders, Fengjin Yu Sep 2025

From Awareness To Action: Embracing Sustainability Topics – An Interview Study About Sustainability Topics With Graphic Design Stakeholders, Fengjin Yu

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Graphic design has the potential to integrate the topic of sustainability due to its interdisciplinary and systemic nature. However, few studies have explored the current situation of sustainability topics within the graphic design field. Through semi-structured interviews, this study explores the current state of sustainability topics in graphic design within Higher Education (HE) settings to explore the possibilities of graphic design on sustainability. This study involved 16 HE graphic design stakeholders in the UK. Findings highlighted the dilemmas and challenges stakeholders encounter when teaching, practising and researching sustainability topics, and identified potential solutions to address these dilemmas. Results show that …


Artificial Intelligence In Future Art And Design Education, Tore Andre Ringvold, Ingri Strand, Peter Haakonsen, Kari Saasen Strand Sep 2025

Artificial Intelligence In Future Art And Design Education, Tore Andre Ringvold, Ingri Strand, Peter Haakonsen, Kari Saasen Strand

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What future challenges and opportunities might AI bring to art and design education, and how can the educational system best be prepared? In a changing society, rapid technological developments can change the need for competences. An example of rapidly evolving technology is artificial intelligence, here limited to text-to-image generation. This is technology where you can write a text to generate an image in a digital system that is trained by large amounts of image and text combinations. Towards an unknown future with constantly new technological innovations, we should have an open but critical look at the opportunities and challenges that …


Spatial-Data Sensemaking: Learning Architecture In The Climate Emergency, Martha Bohm Sep 2025

Spatial-Data Sensemaking: Learning Architecture In The Climate Emergency, Martha Bohm

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Sensemaking is the process of constructing and refining new understandings from the chaos of information surrounding us; during sensemaking cues are extracted from an otherwise overwhelming body of varied information and attended to such that action is possible. Sensemaking is inherent to design praxis, but there are substantial gaps in the literature describing the sensemaking processes which are relevant to design. This paper makes the case that a particular, novel sensemaking praxis, termed spatial-data sensemaking, occurs in architectural design but is heretofore undescribed; this process occurs when constructing an understanding of climate emergency data whilst developing a spatial proposal. This …


How Playing Or Making Card Games Can Support Universal Design Teaching, Richard Herriott, Asa River Jackson Sep 2025

How Playing Or Making Card Games Can Support Universal Design Teaching, Richard Herriott, Asa River Jackson

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This paper investigates the relative merits of card game making and card game play as a part of teaching Universal Design (UD) theory. The hypothesis was that game approaches could be used to explain and impart the theory of Universal Design in a class room setting. The study involved comparing students´ graphic representations of the design process before and after a lecture and a) UD game making or b) UD game playing activity. Comparison of the graphic representations showed that incidence of design tools (all classes of tool) increased and incidence use of user-centered design tools increased. Game-players were slightly …


Design Thinking Pedagogy In A Culture Of Information Immediacy, Ahu Yolac, Philip Plowright Sep 2025

Design Thinking Pedagogy In A Culture Of Information Immediacy, Ahu Yolac, Philip Plowright

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This paper investigates design thinking pedagogy within the context of information immediacy, analysing student work from the Design Principles studio, an interdisciplinary introductory course for first-year students enrolled in five professional design programs. The course emphasizes foundational design thinking skills, including divergent and convergent thinking, abstraction, coherence, cohesiveness, and the hierarchical organization of project information. Through qualitative analysis of student projects, we identify three distinct patterns of engagement: procedural application, emerging integration, and flexible, critical workflow. These patterns reveal how students navigate and internalize design thinking tactics in an era of abundant information and digital tools. We discuss the pedagogical …


Fostering Circular Competencies In Design: From Uncertainty To Agency, Snorre Näsman, Lotte Nerup, Ditte Bangsund, Rasmus Simonsen, Eva Brandt Sep 2025

Fostering Circular Competencies In Design: From Uncertainty To Agency, Snorre Näsman, Lotte Nerup, Ditte Bangsund, Rasmus Simonsen, Eva Brandt

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This paper examines the concept of Intertwinia as a representation of new possibilities and futures in sustainable design, juxtaposing it against the often-misused term of sustainability in the corporate world. Our investigation draws upon Tony Fry’s notion of “sustain-ability” to challenge traditional discourses on sustainability, advocating for a new paradigm that recognises the finite nature of resources and the significance of ethical design interventions. We focus on the pivotal role of design educators in equipping students with the necessary capabilities to affect change in a circular economy. By highlighting the importance of incorporating a circular mindset within design education, we …


A New Career Path For Designers: Crowdwork And Designers’ Motivations To Engage In This Employment Model, İrem Dilek Alptekin, Pınar Kaygan Sep 2025

A New Career Path For Designers: Crowdwork And Designers’ Motivations To Engage In This Employment Model, İrem Dilek Alptekin, Pınar Kaygan

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The unabated development of technology continues to affect human life in many aspects, one of which is working life. Over the past decade the world of work has been experiencing digital transformation. Integrating the digital processes and tools into business models, digital transformation has led to the shift in the traditional business structures, hierarchies, relations, and the workplace. Thanks to this shift in the traditional way of work, today, it is possible to outsource the work through an open call to a geographically dispersed mass of people. This means that, companies or individuals now have access to an indefinitely large …


Is Industrial Design Education Prepared For Industry 4.0?, Christoph Koch, Blair Kuys, Gianni Renda Sep 2025

Is Industrial Design Education Prepared For Industry 4.0?, Christoph Koch, Blair Kuys, Gianni Renda

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This article explores the current state of industrial design in relation to future manufacturing technologies and paradigms. To date, no empirical research has been conducted that specifically examines the role of practising industrial designers in relation to their understanding and preparedness for technologies and systems as part of the next manufacturing revolution—Industry 4.0. As industrial design historically emerged in response to mass production, its continued relevance depends on how the profession evolves alongside technological transformation. We argue that changes in current production influence the development of the design profession and therefore its education. Although new technologies and systems are being …


Positioning Roles Of Ai Representations In Creative Conversation, Lisha Ren, Zhiwen Deng Sep 2025

Positioning Roles Of Ai Representations In Creative Conversation, Lisha Ren, Zhiwen Deng

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In design practice and education, emerging representations and tools, such as artificial intelligence (AI), are challenging the dominance of sketches as the primary creative medium. However, the role of these new representations in design disciplines and education remains ambiguous. To address this ambiguity, this paper proposes a "creative process as conversation" framework to understand representations and tools within the creative process. This framework decouples representational mediums from creative acts driven by subjective intent and knowledge source, revealing the cognitive functions of representations in ideation.. The conversational perspective clarifies AI's advantages: generating inspiring representations, accessing expansive knowledge resources, and integrating different …


Can Design Inform Education?: A Conceptual Framework For A Learner-Involved Approach In Education, Pelin Efilti, Koray Gelmez Sep 2025

Can Design Inform Education?: A Conceptual Framework For A Learner-Involved Approach In Education, Pelin Efilti, Koray Gelmez

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Relying on teaching as design conceptualization, the analogies between designer-user interactions in design and teacher-learner interactions in education are developed to form the framework of this paper. Reconceptualizing teacher role as designer and learner role as user leads to the discussion of design education from the view of user experience perspective. This paper explores context- and methodology-oriented transformations from a user involvement approach in design to a learner-involved approach in education. The transformations are addressed regarding the process and outcome-specific aspects of design practice, as well as position and instrument-specific aspects of user research. We believe that these aspects can …


Leveraging Neurodivergent Design Students To Co-Design Education And Develop A Resource For Inclusive Teaching, Karina Bhattacharya, Sabir Khan Sep 2025

Leveraging Neurodivergent Design Students To Co-Design Education And Develop A Resource For Inclusive Teaching, Karina Bhattacharya, Sabir Khan

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This research advocates for a shift towards inclusive teaching practices in industrial design education. Neurodivergent industrial design students and recent graduates were leveraged as experts in their lived experiences to promote inclusivity. This study investigates what recommendations the neurodivergent participants could co-design toward inclusive teaching practices. Seven participants (graduate design students) from a North American institution were asked to share their background, comment on the state of industrial design education, and articulate what an inclusive version could be in the future through interviews and co-design workshops. Thematic analysis revealed 6 themes: (1) Interest: engaging in projects that interested them, (2) …


Stories And Shaping: How Narrative Methods Enhance Decentralized Studio Learning, Andreas Lanig Sep 2025

Stories And Shaping: How Narrative Methods Enhance Decentralized Studio Learning, Andreas Lanig

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The author investigates how digital and hybrid design studios reconceptualise distance learning from a decentralised perspective. To achieve this, ten narrative interviews were conducted with students and graduates of DIPLOMA University of Applied Sciences during the winter semester of 2024/25. These interviews were then triangulated with visual artefacts, such as sketches and development diaries. Through thematic and interpretative analysis, the author identifies three core dimensions of transformation (professional, personal/interdisciplinary, and epistemic exchange) and delineates a three-stage hierarchy of reflective learning comprising self-observation, dialogue with peers and tutors, and collective narrative construction. Based on these findings, the author has developed a …


Connectedness In Design Learning Experience – A Qualitative Study Using Nvivo Analysis, Christy Gogu Sep 2025

Connectedness In Design Learning Experience – A Qualitative Study Using Nvivo Analysis, Christy Gogu

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Design being a collaborative field, often requires designers to engage with people from multi-disciplinary backgrounds to bring a concept from sketch to product or service. Social connectedness has been reported to help in this collaboration within and between teams. A design learning environment that promotes perceived social connectedness can aid future designers to cultivate greater collaboration and empathy that is essential for a user-centred approach to designing. This research was conducted to study the role of social connectedness in learning experience from the design educators’, students’ as well as practicing designers’ perspectives. Qualitative data collection was done with 35 semi-structured …


Design Futures Pedagogy: Does The Type Of Exercise, Year Of Study, Order, And Number Of Exercises Matter?, Peter Scupelli, Paulo Carvalho Sep 2025

Design Futures Pedagogy: Does The Type Of Exercise, Year Of Study, Order, And Number Of Exercises Matter?, Peter Scupelli, Paulo Carvalho

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Teaching design for long-term, societal-level sustainability requires design students to learn new design methods that combine Futures Thinking with Design Thinking. This paper explores three questions: (a) how to teach Futures Thinking methods; (b) when to incorporate Futures Thinking into the undergraduate curriculum; and (c) how many exercises to assign to teach a futures method. In this paper, we focus on the Futures Thinking method called Causal Layered Analysis (CLA). Previous research has shown that a “Studio Project CLA” exercise is three times more effective than a “Personal Futures CLA” in helping students apply CLA to their design work. In …


Intertwining Briefs: Reflecting On The Craft Of Design Studio Briefs, Ricardo Sosa, Enya Moore, Jody Watts, Nina Hansopaheluwakan, Rodrigo Hernandez Ramirez, Yaron Meron Sep 2025

Intertwining Briefs: Reflecting On The Craft Of Design Studio Briefs, Ricardo Sosa, Enya Moore, Jody Watts, Nina Hansopaheluwakan, Rodrigo Hernandez Ramirez, Yaron Meron

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Design briefs are widely used in professional practice and design education, serving as key means for communication and learning. This paper explores the functions of design briefs in educational settings, drawing on the collective insights of experienced design educators. Through a series of case studies and collaborative reflections, the paper identifies five key themes: briefing as a relational process, the agency of learners, skills or practice, positionality and values, and briefs for scaffolding. The study also critically examines the potential of generative AI tools for effective brief development, demonstrating their applicability through a hands-on exercise. The findings underscore the need …


Learning Memories Unlocked: Capturing Design Graduates’ Reflections Through Evocative Objects, Miray Hamarat Dundar, Koray Gelmez Sep 2025

Learning Memories Unlocked: Capturing Design Graduates’ Reflections Through Evocative Objects, Miray Hamarat Dundar, Koray Gelmez

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Memories and evocative objects play a significant role in establishing enduring connections with past experiences. They serve as powerful reminders of our personal histories, enabling us to revisit crucial moments and maintain a lasting bond with our past. From this perspective, this study aims to provide reflections on the learning memories of industrial design graduates. Specifically, the research question addressed in this paper is: How do industrial design graduates recall and articulate their memories about their university education? To investigate this question, a warm-up and reflective session were conducted with a group of industrial design graduates, who were former classmates. …


(Inter-)Disciplinarity In The Making: Urban Design Education In Türkiye, Irmak Yavuz Özgür Sep 2025

(Inter-)Disciplinarity In The Making: Urban Design Education In Türkiye, Irmak Yavuz Özgür

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While the disciplinary and substantive bases of urban design have long been debated in academic circles, its institutionalization has rarely been a central area of inquiry. Often addressed as an inter- or multi- disciplinary field, the processes through which urban design has emerged and taken shape in education has yet to be explored. Although the disciplinary trajectories of architecture and urban planning have been examined both independently and in relation to each other, urban design—often marked as a bridge between the two—has attracted comparatively little attention. However, such endeavour is of great significance for understanding the disciplinary grounding of urban …


Now We Know: Findings From A Critical Pedagogy Experiment On The Nature Of Codesign Knowledge, Azadeh Jalali, Lucia Londoño Davalos, Frederick Van Amstel Sep 2025

Now We Know: Findings From A Critical Pedagogy Experiment On The Nature Of Codesign Knowledge, Azadeh Jalali, Lucia Londoño Davalos, Frederick Van Amstel

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When learning codesign, design students often find themselves in the anxious position of not knowing whether they know codesign. Codesign' emphasis on shared knowledge and facilitation stands in contrast to the individual knowledge and mastery cultivated by expert design, with which students are more familiar. Critical pedagogy, an emergent approach in design education that emphasizes developing critical consciousness of the contradictions behind design, is a promising candidate for learning the shared nature of codesign knowledge. To verify this possibility, this research conducted a critical pedagogy experiment with graduate design students in the United States supported by the Blind Side gamestorming …


Anxiety, Gratitude And Beyond: Emotional Journeys Of Design Students Through Design Juries, Ebrar Cosar, Koray Gelmez Sep 2025

Anxiety, Gratitude And Beyond: Emotional Journeys Of Design Students Through Design Juries, Ebrar Cosar, Koray Gelmez

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Design juries are a critical component of design education, offering students a platform to present their work and receive feedback to enhance their skills and projects. Additionally, they serve as assessment tools for design educators, evaluating student progress and understanding their strengths and areas for improvement. This article explores the evolution of students' emotional responses to design juries from the 1st to the 4th grade and their role in design education, addressing a gap in the existing literature that lacks studies on these changes over time. To understand the perceptions of the students, a phenomenological approach was used, and the …