Digital Commons Network^™

Unpacking Singapore's Leasehold Relativity Table: An Empirical And Legal Analysis, Koon Shing Kwong, Jing Rong Goh, Seng Wei, Edward Ti

Research Collection School Of Economics

In Singapore, most land is state-owned, with the state generally issuing leasehold estates via state leases of not more than 99 years1, depending on the intended land use. Naturally, the value of a leasehold estate, which erodes over time as the lease approaches the end of its term, is a key component of the premium charged for lease renewals, or the tax imposed for permission given in relation to a development that would increase the value of the land. By law, the state valuation of leasehold land is prescribed by a leasehold relativity table colloquially known as ‘Bala’s Curve’ or …

Civil Liability For Invasions Of Privacy: Whither Singapore?, Yu Han Lam

Research Collection Yong Pung How School Of Law

Intrusions upon privacy are becoming increasingly common in Singapore. Singapore has yet to establish a tort addressing this issue, although the SAL Law Reform Committee has proposed a tort of misuse of private information. Australia has also recently introduced a statutory tort of serious invasion of privacy. This article will argue for the need for a Singapore tort of intrusion upon seclusion, on top of the already proposed tort of misuse of private information, to cover more appropriately instances of intrusions upon privacy.

Iowa Waste Reduction Center Newsletter, October 2025, University Of Northern Iowa. Iowa Waste Reduction Center.

Iowa Waste Reduction Center Newsletter

Contents:

--- Joe Bolick named NPPR Chair
--- Open House Party Recap
--- Green Brewery Certification has come to Missouri
--- Clear guidance, real results: IAEAP
--- AI training for Waste Partners

Spatial Patterns In Fish Assemblages Across Benthic Habitats Along The California Coast As Interpreted From Video Lander Surveys, Jacklyn Mohay

Capstone Projects and Master's Theses

Geographic differences in ecological communities often arise due to environmental gradients that influence physiological tolerances, species-specific habitat affinities, and various biological interactions. Fish assemblages in temperate upwelling systems, such as the California Current System (CCS), provide an ideal model system to examine these drivers of community structure. Within the CCS, demersal fish communities are often associated with certain benthic habitats, known as fish-habitat associations. To further explore where species are found in relation to certain habitats and location, I used data collected from analysis of stereo-video landers deployed from 2012-2021 to quantify fish-habitat associations across the California coast from Cordell …

Comparison Of Combined Pulsed Dye Laser And Intralesional Triamcinolone Versus Intralesional Triamcinolone Alone In Treatment Of Keloid, Marwa Ali, Husam Salman, Ghassan Abdulqahar

Iraqi Postgraduate Medical Journal

ackgroundKeloids are benign dermal fibroproliferative growths causing cosmetic disfigurement and physical disability. Various treatments exist, but no gold standard has been established.ObjectivesTo compare the effectiveness of pulsed dye laser combined with intralesional triamcinolone versus Intralesional triamcinolone alone in keloid treatment.Patients and MethodThis interventional, prospective study was conducted at Dermatology and Venereology center, Medical City Hospital, Baghdad, Iraq, from August 2021 to September 2022. Twenty-five patients participated. Ten patients had two keloid scars: one received pulsed dye laser with intralesional triamcinolone (Group A) and the other received only intralesional triamcinolone (Group B). The remaining fifteen patients had a single lesion divided …

Pioneering The Pacific In Earth Sciences: Uh Mānoa Students Establish The First Sigma Gamma Epsilon Chapter In HawaiʻI And Beyond, Ken H. Tungpalan, Olivia Schmitt, Wellington Rothschild, Susannah Heller, Alyssa N. Kamanu

The Compass: Earth Science Journal of Sigma Gamma Epsilon

The Iota Delta Chapter is proud to announce its establishment as the first Sigma Gamma Epsilon chapter in the Pacific, with the hope that it will serve as a foundation for future chapters across the region. The chapter has been created at the University of Hawaiʻi at Mānoa within the School of Ocean and Earth Science and Technology (SOEST). The Department of Earth Sciences is loosely divided into three working research divisions (Geophysics and Tectonics [G&T], Marine and Environmental Geology [MEG], and Volcanology, Geochemistry, and Petrology [VGP]), with numerous laboratories and research facilities.

Sigma Gamma Epsilon Chapter And Student Awards For Academic Year 2024–2025, Lee S. Potter

The Compass: Earth Science Journal of Sigma Gamma Epsilon

The Society of Sigma Gamma Epsilon (SGE) encourages efforts to broaden the education and impact of its members through community outreach. In Academic Year 2024–2025, seven (7) awards were given at the chapter level: The Chapter Service Award to Gamma Sigma, Gamma Chi, and Epsilon Sigma; and The James C. Walters Quality Chapter Award to Gamma Sigma, Gamma Chi, Epsilon Sigma, and Theta Beta. Individual merit was recognized through the W. A. Tarr awards given to thirty-two members by their respective chapters. Two awards, the Austin A. Sartin and Charles J. Mankin Outstanding Poster Awards, were given to two students …

47th Biennial Convention Of Sigma Gamma Epsilon, Western Illinois University, April 11–13, 2025, Richard L. Ford, Lee S. Potter

The Compass: Earth Science Journal of Sigma Gamma Epsilon

The Society of Sigma Gamma Epsilon (SGE), the national honorary society for the Earth sciences, held its 47th biennial convention (April 11–13, 2025) at the Quad Cities campus, located in Moline, Illinois, of Western Illinois University (WIU). The convention was hosted by SGE’s Delta Psi Chapter and the Department of Earth, Atmospheric, and Geographic Information Sciences at WIU. Ten (10) of SGE’s approximately 57 active collegiate chapters sent delegates to the convention. The traditional convention field trip, an exploration of the Paleozoic stratigraphy and economic geology of the Quad Cities area of Illinois and Iowa, made stops at the Fryxell …

The Compass - Volume 94 Issue 3 - Complete Issue, Scott R. Beason

The Compass: Earth Science Journal of Sigma Gamma Epsilon

No abstract provided.

Rethinking Teaching Evaluation Reports: Designing Ai-Transformed Student Feedback For Instructor Engagement, Ruoxi Shang, Keri Mallari, Au Wei Bin Yeong, Ken Yasuhara, Anthony Tang, Gary Hsieh

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

Student feedback is critical for improving teaching, yet instructors often avoid reading evaluations due to emotional burden and information overload. We present a systematic exploration of how language models can distill and transform student evaluations into adaptive, actionable insights. Through a systematic design space exploration combining 4 feedback strategies (removing harmful content, paraphrasing criticism, sandwiching negatives, adding constructive suggestions) with 4 presentation formats (themes, cards, letters, chatbots), we created six AI-augmented prototypes of teaching evaluations. Interviews with 16 post-secondary instructors revealed that effective use of AI in feedback processing should: (1) support action formation through focused views and divergent thinking, …

Polymind: Parallel Visual Diagramming With Large Language Models To Support Prewriting Through Microtasks, Qian Wan, Jiannan Li, Huanchen Wang, Zhicong Lu

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

Prewriting is the process of generating and organising ideas before a first draft. It consists of a combination of informal, iterative, and semi-structured strategies such as visual diagramming, which poses a challenge for collaborating with large language models (LLMs) in a turn-taking conversational manner. We present Polymind, a visual diagramming tool that leverages multiple LLM-powered agents to support prewriting. The system features a parallel collaboration workflow in place of the turn-taking conversational interactions. It defines multiple ''microtasks'' to simulate group collaboration scenarios such as collaborative writing and group brainstorming. Instead of repetitively prompting a chatbot for various purposes, Polymind enables …

Killing The Wto, Katayoon Beshkardana

Vanderbilt Journal of Transnational Law

No abstract provided.

Tides And Crossroads: The Gender Era Of The Inter-American Court Of Human Rights, Rosa Celorio

Vanderbilt Journal of Transnational Law

No abstract provided.

Self-Defense Without Overreach: How Status Of Forces Agreements Address The Legal Gaps In Article 51, Alexis Shaw

Vanderbilt Journal of Transnational Law

No abstract provided.

Non-State Sanctions: Private Instruments Of International Law, Ali Hakim, Matei Alexianu

Vanderbilt Journal of Transnational Law

No abstract provided.

Extraterritoriality In Ai: Harmonizing The Digital Market Act And Us Antitrust Law, Daniel Goicouria

Vanderbilt Journal of Transnational Law

No abstract provided.

A Comprehensive Pipeline For Autonomous Surface Vehicle Navigation In Challenging Aquatic Environments, Mingi Jeong

Dartmouth College Ph.D Dissertations

The primary objective of this thesis is to develop and validate innovative and robust navigation methods for autonomous surface vehicles (ASVs) in challenging scenarios. These efforts aim to establish a complete autonomy pipeline for robotic decision-making systems, enabling high-level tasks such as environmental monitoring and autonomous transportation with broader impacts. The ocean economy contributes over 1.5 trillion USD annually, supporting diverse cultures and economies through tourism, fisheries, shipping, and renewable energy. The global marine industry handles over 90% of the world’s cargo transportation, underscoring its critical importance. Despite this significance, current maritime navigation relies heavily on human decision-making, which is …

Uni Schedule Of Classes: Policies And Procedures, Fall 2025, University Of Northern Iowa

UNI Schedule of Classes

A listing and schedule of the courses being taught as well as policies and procedures concerning attending classes at the University of Northern Iowa.

The Not-So-Silent Side Effects Of Upzoning: Noise Pollution, Mackenzi Barrett

Vanderbilt Law Review

A broad coalition has formed to oppose restrictive zoning laws. According to this coalition, zoning is largely to blame for the current housing crisis facing the United States, and to increase the housing supply, cities across the country should embrace upzoning—that is, loosen zoning laws to allow for greater density. Like many other well-intentioned policy changes, upzoning has the possibility for negative unintended consequences. Among those consequences is noise pollution. In recent decades, noise pollution has gone largely undiscussed in the United States. Notwithstanding this neglect, existing research demonstrates that noise pollution can have serious adverse effects on people’s health …

Effects Of Depth, Substrate, And Wave Energy On Nearshore Demersal Fish Community Structure Off Central California, Jake Todd

Capstone Projects and Master's Theses

Fish species are not randomly distributed across space and changes in fish assemblages often occur in response to environmental variation, habitat characteristics, and species interactions, which are often scale-dependent. Understanding fine scale habitat associations can contribute to marine spatial planning, modeling efforts, and marine resource management. While habitat associations have been observed and studied on a variety of different scales, there is a distinct lack of information about how these factors influence fish assemblages in mesophotic depths in temperate ecosystems. In this study, I investigated species-habitat associations of demersal fish communities within an intermediate depth zone (20 60 m) and …

Oceanographic Drivers Of Recruitment And Reproductive Potential Of Gopher Rockfish (Sebastes Carnatus) – Historical Variability And Future Projections Under Climate Change, Madison Sandquist

Capstone Projects and Master's Theses

Anticipating climate-change impacts on fisheries requires understanding how marine species respond to future ocean conditions. The productivity and abundance of fish populations are largely shaped by the survival of early life stages, which are highly sensitive to ocean conditions. Variation in ocean conditions can influence early stages of fish species by influencing reproductive output of adults and/or larval health, survival, and retention. The goal of this study was to understand how oceanographic variables can impact reproduction and recruitment of a nearshore rockfish species, gopher rockfish (Sebastes carnatus), helping to forecast potential climate change impacts on the population. I assessed historical …

Draft Final Butte Priority Soils Operable Unit (Bpsou) Insufficiently Reclaimed Sites Remedial Action Work Plan (Rawp): Bres No. 104 (Colorado Dump) North Slope, Pioneer Technical Services, Inc.

Silver Bow Creek/Butte Area Superfund Site

No abstract provided.

First Experience With Third-Party Validations: A Robust Calibration And Qa Procedure For Proton Flash Delivery, Chih-Chiang Chang, Balaji Selvaraj, Xingyi Zhao, Jacob Rembish, Paige A Taylor, Alexander Bookbinder, Chingyun Cheng, J Isabelle Choi, Charles B Simone, Haibo Lin, Minglei Kang

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Background: Proton FLASH radiotherapy, delivering ultra-high dose rates, shows promise in reducing normal tissue toxicity while maintaining tumor control. However, accurate dosimetry and quality assurance (QA) for FLASH remain challenging due to the extreme dose rates involved. Developing reliable calibration and QA procedures is crucial for advancing FLASH towards clinical implementation.

Purpose: To present an effective routine calibration and QA procedure for proton FLASH delivery to ensure high-quality dosimetry performance for preclinical and clinical delivery.

Methods: A high temporospatial resolution strip ionization chamber array (SICA) detector was mounted to the treatment nozzle, which was calibrated using an Advanced Markus ion …

From Nociception In Aneural Animals To Human Suffering: Toward A Comparative Biology Of Pain, Edgar T Walters

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Pain is a core feature of human life, but systematic comparisons of this biological trait across taxa have been rare. A broadly accepted definition based on human experience emphasizes dual features of pain: a sensory (discriminative) component for sensing and monitoring tissue injury, and an affective (emotional) component to motivate avoidance of tissue distress. Conscious pain is coupled to unconscious nociception (detection of incipient or existing injury). This Review considers nociception and pain across phyla within a comparative framework, addressing basic questions about evolutionary origins, mechanisms and functions of pain. The occurrence of adaptive cellular responses to injury in virtually …

Herthena-Pantumor01: A Phase Ii Study Of Patritumab Deruxtecan (Her3-Dxd) In Previously Treated Advanced Solid Tumors, Thomas Powles, Aarti Bhatia, Barbara Burtness, Takahiro Kogawa, Tomohiro Nishina, Izuma Nakayama, Christos Fountzilas, Dani R Castillo, Meredith Mckean, Funda Meric-Bernstam, Nicoletta Colombo, James W Smithy, Jérome Fayette, Sunandana Chandra, David W Sternberg, Fan Jin, Kendall Sullivan, Sue Yueh, Graham Clinthorne, Ariel E Aguilo, Ragini Kudchadkar, Hidetoshi Hayashi

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Human epidermal growth factor receptor 3 (HER3) is a receptor tyrosine kinase that is expressed in numerous solid tumors. Higher levels of HER3 expression in multiple tumor types are associated with adverse clinical outcomes, such as reduced survival. However, there is currently no HER3-directed antibody-drug conjugate approved for the treatment of any cancer. Improved treatment options are needed, in particular for patients who progress on standard therapies. HER3-DXd is an investigational HER3-directed antibody-drug conjugate composed of an anti-HER3 monoclonal antibody linked to a topoisomerase I inhibitor payload via a stable tetrapeptide-based cleavable linker. In previous clinical trials, HER3-DXd demonstrated a …

Experimental Insights Into High Background Radiation: Reduced Cancer Risks In A Murine Model Study, S. M.J. Mortazavi, M. Arshadi, B. F. Baha'addini Baigy Zarandi, J. S. Welsh, H. Mozdarani, M. Haghani, N. Jooyan, S. Nematollahi, Negar Azarpira, Lembit Sihver

Informatics and Engineering Systems Faculty Publications

Background: Natural background radiation varies geographically and has potential implications for cancer development. High-level natural radiation areas (HLNRAs), like Ramsar, Iran, offer unique opportunities to study the biological effects of radiation exposure. This study investigates the relationship between high background radiation and tumor progression in a murine model. Materials and Methods: Thirty-two C57BL/6 mice were exposed to varying levels of natural radiation (0.097 μSv/h to 9.24 μSv/h) for two months, simulating conditions in Ramsar. Mice were divided into four groups based on radiation intensity. After exposure, 1106 B16-F10 melanoma cells were injected subcutaneously, and tumor growth was monitored for 24 …

Objectively Monitored Sleep In School-Age Children With Cystic Fibrosis And Their Parents., Andrea L. Fidler, Casey Lawless, James Peugh, Dean W. Beebe, Silvia Delgado, Robin S. Everhart, David A. Fedele

Manuscripts, Articles, Book Chapters and Other Papers

No abstract provided.

Association Between Weight Stigma Experiences In Healthcare And Self-Reported Healthcare Avoidance In A National Sample., Kathleen M. Robinson, Aaron M. Scherer, Alithea N. Zorn, Michelle A. Mengeling, Helena Laroche

Manuscripts, Articles, Book Chapters and Other Papers

OBJECTIVES: Although weight stigma in healthcare is common, existing measures may not capture the full range of patients' weight stigma experiences in clinical practice. We aimed to examine how physical examination by healthcare providers, communication, and the built environment perpetuate weight stigma and impact healthcare avoidance. Items from the previously developed Weight Stigma in Healthcare Inventory (WSHCI) were tested to assess weight stigma experiences and assess association with healthcare avoidance.

METHODS: Two sample groups, identified through ResearchMatch and a Qualtrics survey panel, completed the WSHCI online. We analyzed the association between individual items and healthcare avoidance, and between a summation …

Metabolic Acidosis And Cardiovascular Disease Risk In Children With Ckd., Denver D. Brown, Jennifer Roem, Kimberly Reidy, Susan Furth, Bradley A. Warady, Michal Melamed, Tammy Brady, Ckid Study Investigators

Manuscripts, Articles, Book Chapters and Other Papers

KEY POINTS: Metabolic acidosis may be associated with adverse cardiovascular disease risk. Prospective studies of the benefit of alkali therapy on cardiovascular disease risk are needed.

BACKGROUND: The link between metabolic acidosis (MA) and cardiovascular disease (CVD) outcomes has been studied in adults but not in children with CKD where MA is a common and early finding. Using longitudinal BP and cardiac measurement data, we evaluated whether low serum bicarbonate (a surrogate for MA) is associated with adverse CVD risk.

METHODS: This study used data from children age 1 year and older with eGFRs between 30 and 90 ml/min per …

Draft Card Battler, Brian Moore

Theses

This project investigates how design transparency and player interaction mechanics can enhance emotional connection and strategic depth in competitive digital card game environments. Draft Card Battler transforms traditional sequential turn-based Trading Card Game (TCG) gameplay into a structured round-based system featuring asymmetric card-play patterns (1-2-2-1) and simultaneous combat resolution. Beginning with a physical card game prototype, the project evolved through iterative design and digital implementation, informed by research in social capital theory and player psychology. Through reflective playtesting and technical development, this study explores whether visibility, pacing, and commitment mechanics foster trust, fairness, and cooperation alongside competitive tension. The implementation …