Digital Commons Network^™

Early Immune Dysregulation In Mtb/Siv Co-Infection Resists Cart Treatment At The Single-Cell Level, Riti Sharan, Yi Zou, Zhao Lai, Korri Weldon, Todd Bradley, Xi Luo, Hulin Wu, Shabaana A Khader, Deepak Kaushal

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Using single-cell transcriptomics of bronchoalveolar lavage cells from Mtb/SIV co-infected rhesus macaques on cART, we reveal profound immune dysregulation during early SIV co-infection of latent tuberculosis. SIV induces a sharp decline in CD4+ T cells, NK, and NKT cells, with incomplete recovery of Mtb-specific TH1 effector responses despite viral suppression. Instead, a persistent TH17-skewed environment emerges, alongside sustained myeloid inflammation driven by Type I interferon signaling and pro-inflammatory regulators such as KLF6 and NFKB1. Ligand-receptor network analyses demonstrate expanded CD4+ T cell-macrophage crosstalk and loss of immune homeostasis that cART fails to fully restore. These findings expose …

Feasibility And Patient-Reported Outcomes Of Full-Body Red And Near-Infrared Photobiomodulation For Musculoskeletal Pain In A Predominantly Hispanic/Latino Population: A Single-Arm Pilot Study, Robson Dias Scoz, Frida Garza, Ivana Burberg, Isabella Moreno, Melissa Espinosa Cantu, Mia Dominguez, Juan Gonzalez

Physical Therapy Faculty Publications

Objective: To characterize feasibility, tolerability, and patient-reported outcomes after a 10-session full-body red and near-infrared photobiomodulation (PBM) protocol for musculoskeletal pain in a predominantly Hispanic/ Latino community sample.

Background: PBM is a non-pharmacological intervention with potential analgesic and anti-inflammatory effects. Evidence from community-based and Hispanic/Latino populations remains limited, and full-body LED protocols are incompletely standardized.

Methods: This single-arm observational pilot study included 40 adults with self-reported acute or chronic musculoskeletal pain. Participants completed baseline and post-protocol Qualtrics surveys. The intervention used a full-body LED panel emitting 630, 660, 830, and 850 nm light in continuous-wave mode for 20 min per …

Analytical Study On Unsteady Flow Of A Hyperbolic Tangent Fluid In Existence Of Porous Media Of An Exponentially Stretched Sheet With Heat Transfer, Nidhal M. Abd Alameer, Sundos Bader, Fatima K. Abdullah

Baghdad Science Journal

The unsteady flow of a tangential hyperbolic fluid with temperature in the presence of a sublimation medium and an exponential surface was discussed in this article. The law of conservation of mass, energy, and momentum is essential to the model of matter. To make it easier to identify solutions, the partial equations were converted into ordinary equations. We refer to this approach as the homotopic method. To explain the results, the Mathematica program was used to find the solutions and graphically depict them. The impact of the parameters on velocity, temperature was discussed, which are Random motion factor (Nb …

The Ranking Function With Trapezoidal Membership And Fuzzy Parameters Of The Inverse Exponential Rayleigh Distribution, Rehab Noori Shalan, Ali T. Mohammed, Maysaa J. Mohammed, Iden H. Al-Kinani

Baghdad Science Journal

This study aims to investigate the estimation of the parameters of the inverse exponential Rayleigh distribution using the Maximum Likelihood Estimation (MLE) and Ranked Set Sampling (RSS) methods, on account of their importance in modeling across lifespan and reliability data. The model is used on empirical data representing the fracture stress of carbon fibers for both single and saturated fibers, in order to determine the accuracy of the estimation methods in given applications. In addition, the classical model is expanded to a fuzzy model to focus on inherent uncertainty in real-world applications. This is realized by designing fuzzy numbers using …

Does Our Economy Cultivate Beauty?, Joshua Hollinger

Faculty Work Comprehensive List

"Wherever we’re failing to build and preserve beautiful places, the answer lies in fostering a society of people who have a taste for beauty and a loving desire to share it with others, and in finding mechanisms for cooperating and negotiating with each other amid our sin and finitude."

Posting about true beauty in an advertising-focused world ­­­­­­­­from In All Things, an online hub that offers insight into maintaining and faithful and orthodox Reformed Christian worldview while fearlessly engaging in every aspect of contemporary life – until all is made new.

Does Our Economy Cultivate Beauty?

Physical Design Automation For Next Generation Ics: Graph And Machine Learning Based Approaches, Dr. Kritanta Saha

Doctoral Theses

Integrated Circuit (IC) technology has progressed significantly over the last six decades, culminating in billions of transistors on a chip. The widely used 193 nm immersion lithography process exceeds modern feature sizes, leading to layout pattern distortions and electrical violations. Mitigation techniques such as Multiple Patterning and Optical Proximity Correction become ineffective below 45 nm, prompting the development of several Next-Generation Lithography (NGL) methods such as Extreme Ultraviolet Lithography (EUVL), Multiple Electron Beam Lithography (MEBL). MEBL employs thousands to millions of e-beams in parallel to overcome throughput limitations. A 2D layout is partitioned into vertical stripes by stitch-lines (SLs), each …

A Stochastic Nonlinear Dynamical System For Smoothing Noisy Eye Gaze Data, Thoa Thieu, Roderick Melnik

School of Mathematical & Statistical Sciences Faculty Publications

In this study, we address the challenges associated with accurately determining gaze location on a screen, which is often compromised by noise from factors such as eye tracker limitations, calibration drift, ambient lighting changes, and eye blinks. We propose the use of an extended Kalman filter (EKF) to smooth the gaze data collected during eye-tracking experiments and systematically explore the interaction of different system parameters. Our results demonstrate that the EKF significantly reduces noise, leading to a marked improvement in tracking accuracy. Furthermore, we show that our proposed stochastic nonlinear dynamical model aligns well with real experimental data and holds …

Dual Immunomodulatory And Wound-Healing Effects Of 4-Aminopyridine And Electrical Stimulation, Caden P. Connealy, Ben Ravnsborg, Sangamesh Gurappa Kumbar, Sama Abdulmalik

Medical Student Research Showcase

Background: Post-traumatic soft tissue injuries cause pain, functional impairment, and long-term disability. Current treatments often lead to excessive fibrosis and scar formation, compromising tissue function and increasing the risk of re-injury. Therefore, therapies that accelerate wound healing while promoting regeneration and minimizing fibrosis are urgently needed.

To address this challenge, we developed an ionically conducting (IC) bandage that combines localized electrical stimulation (ES) with sustained delivery of the small molecule 4-aminopyridine (4AP). This multifunctional platform integrates biophysical and pharmacological cues to enhance the wound healing microenvironment. ES promotes cell migration, proliferation, angiogenesis, collagen remodeling, and extracellular matrix organization while …

Southern Adventist University Commencement Program Summer 2026, Southern Adventist University

Commencement Programs

Program for Southern Adventist University Summer 2026 graduation. The commencement service took place on August 21, 2025 at 10 am in Iles Physical Education Center.

Title I Middle School Mathematics Teachers’ Perspectives On Student Digital Distractions Related To Technological-Pedagogical Knowledge Interactions In Knowledge Spaces, Spencer Rebecca Ward Fraley

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

The problem that was addressed through this study is the gap in literature on Title I middle school mathematics classroom teachers’ perspectives on student digital distractions related to teacher technological-pedagogical knowledge (TPK) interactions in knowledge spaces. Grounded in the technology pedagogical content knowledge framework, the purpose of this basic qualitative study was to explore Title I middle school mathematics teachers’ perspectives on student digital distractions related to teacher TPK interactions in the Southeastern Coastal United States. Data were collected through semistructured interviews with six teachers and analyzed through two coding cycles and three analytical stages. Even though the results must …

North Country Career Expo Student Brochure, Cooperative Extension, Coos County, Ray Berthiaume

UNH Cooperative Extension

No abstract provided.

Optical And Structural Characterization Of Sn@Zn And Sn Core-Shell Nanoparticles Synthesized By Plal: Evaluation Of Prostate Cancer, Aya K. Mahmoed, Sabah N. Mazhir

Baghdad Science Journal

In this study, Sn nanoparticles and Sn/Zn core-shell nanoparticles were synthesized using (PLA) techniques. Pulsed laser ablation with a (1064 nm) wavelength, (6 Hz) frequency, (300 mJ) energy, and (250 pulses) number of shots was used to subject colloidal dispersions of Sn and Zn, and bimetallic Sn@Zn core/shell nanoparticles were generated by the metal target in 15 mL of distilled water (DW). The investigation of nanoparticles was done by X-ray diffraction (XRD), atomic force microscopy (AFM), UV-VIS spectroscopy, FESEM, zeta potential, and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The efficiency of the prepared nanomaterial was assessed for cytotoxicity, as the test was …

Béla Király’S Tall Tale That Led To His Decoration As “Righteous” In Yad Vashem, Peter Pastor

Department of History Faculty Scholarship and Creative Works

In May 1993, General Béla Király was decorated Righteous among the Nations in Yad Vashem for protecting the lives of a Jewish labor company in the winter of 1943–1944 in the rear of the front in Proskurov, Ukraine. His recognition was based on false testimonies by veteran labor servicemen who were unaware that, during the winter of 1944–1945, Király, then a high-ranking official in the fascist Arrow Cross Ministry of Defense in Kőszeg, failed to respond to the suffering of 5,000 Jewish labor servicemen, of whom 2,500 died.

Comparison Of Basketball-Related Injuries At Us Emergency Departments Between High School-Aged And College-Aged Athletes: A 10-Year Neiss Analysis, 2015-2024, John R. Tyler, Mark Gamadia, Nata Parnes, Hunter Czajkowski, Mitchell J. Christiansen, Mary K. Mulcahey

Student Publications

Background: Basketball is widely played in the United States, yet contemporary comparisons of basketball-related injuries between high school- and college-aged athletes using nationally representative emergency department (ED) data remain limited.

Purpose: To compare basketball-related injury epidemiology between high school- and college-aged athletes and characterize the burden of these injuries on US EDs.

Study design: Descriptive epidemiological study.

Methods: The National Electronic Injury Surveillance System (NEISS) was queried for basketball-related injuries in athletes aged 14 to 23 years from 2015 to 2024. Patients aged 14 to 18 years were categorized as high school-aged and those aged 19 to 23 years as …

Leadership Style And Employee Outcomes In Private Practice Outpatient Physical Therapy Clinics, Catherine Beuerle Martin, Debra Ann Beazley

Lynchburg Journal of Medical Science

Background: Workforce retention, employee engagement, and job satisfaction are ongoing challenges in outpatient physical therapy practice. Leadership style has been identified as a potentially modifiable organizational factor that may influence clinician experience and workplace outcomes. Despite extensive leadership research in other health professions, evidence specific to outpatient physical therapy settings remains limited. 

Purpose: To examine the relationships between private practice outpatient physical therapy clinic directors’ perceived leadership styles and staff physical therapists' work engagement, job satisfaction, turnover intention, leadership effectiveness, satisfaction with leadership, and willingness to exert extra effort.

Methods: This cross-sectional correlational study surveyed licensed staff physical …

From “Fixer” To “Facilitator”: A Clinical Review Of Shared Medical Appointments As A Strategy For Workforce Sustainability, Barbara A. Slusher

Lynchburg Journal of Medical Science

Clinician burnout remains a significant threat to workforce sustainability, particularly in resource-constrained settings managing complex chronic diseases. While shared medical appointments (SMAs) have demonstrated clear benefits in patient satisfaction and access, their impact on clinician well-being and professional fulfillment is less clearly defined. This review evaluates whether participation in SMAs improves clinician satisfaction and mitigates burnout by facilitating a conceptual transition from isolated “Fixer” to collaborative “Facilitator.”

A targeted literature search of PubMed, the Cochrane Library, and Google Scholar identified peer-reviewed publications examining shared medical appointments and clinician-centered outcomes, including burnout, clinician satisfaction, and workforce sustainability. …

Hidden Infarctions: Understanding And Managing Myocardial Infarction With Non-Obstructive Coronary Arteries Through A Multimodal Lens, Catalina Esquivel

Lynchburg Journal of Medical Science

Myocardial infarction with non-obstructive coronary arteries (MINOCA) accounts for 5–15% of myocardial infarctions and disproportionately affects women and minority populations. It is defined by clinical evidence of myocardial ischemia with

The Use Of Psilocybin For Managing Refractory Behavioral Health Conditions: A Narrative Review, Rachel N. Clark

Lynchburg Journal of Medical Science

The purpose of this review is to evaluate the possible benefits of using psilocybin (C₁₂H₁₇N₂O₄P), a naturally occurring psychoactive compound found in certain species of mushrooms, in the treatment of multiple forms of mental illness and substance use disorders, either as monotherapy or in conjunction with traditional psychiatric medications. The compound has high affinity for several serotonin receptors, including 5-HT_1A, 5-HT_2A, and 5-HT_2C, which are located throughout the cerebral cortex and thalamus. A comprehensive search of electronic databases was conducted, identifying studies that assessed pharmacokinetics, therapeutic …

Professional Values And Workplace Alignment In Dpt Alumni: A Quantitative Cohort Analysis, Debra Ann Beazley, Stephen Elam, Penny S. Elam, Lawrence S. Ramiscal, Pt, Dpt, Ph.D.

Lynchburg Journal of Medical Science

Background: Professional values are foundational to physical therapy practice and are emphasized throughout Doctor of Physical Therapy (DPT) education. Although identity formation literature suggests that core values may persist after graduation, less is known about how workplace context, career stage, and clinical performance relate to the long-term enactment of values among practicing clinicians.

Purpose: To examine whether professional values among DPT alumni differ across demographic groups, career stages, and outpatient settings, and to explore associations among organizational support, workplace value alignment, and historical educational performance.

Methods: A cross-sectional survey study was conducted among University of Lynchburg DPT alumni …

Effects Of Intensive Exercise On The Blood Chemistry Of Fighting Bulls In Southern Thailand, Siriwat Wasiksiri, Pratthana Yongsakulchai, Wichaya Thongtako, Paradorn Muangnil, Teepakorn Adulkasem

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

Bullfighting is a cultural activity in southern Thailand. Bulls walk and undergo intensive exercise before competition. In the arena, winners are determined by their opponents' surrender, so bulls do not die after fighting. However, there are very few studies on organ injuries in living bulls during these activities. This study compared the effects of walking and intensive exercise on complete blood count (CBC) and blood chemistry. Blood parameters of 14 Thai fighting bulls aged over 6 years, regularly trained for walking and intensive exercise, were measured and analyzed using a paired t-test or Wilcoxon signed-rank test. Eosinophils decreased significantly after …

System For Document Generation Using A Decoupled Abstract Syntax Tree And Two-Pass Execution, Sparsh Dutta, Adithya R, Nikita Rungta, Dev Gupta, Saswata Bhattacharya, Shishir Suman

Defensive Publications Series

Programmatic document generation using large language models (LLMs) with cloud-based editor application programming interfaces can present challenges. Verbose native document formats may lead to high token consumption, and character-indexed updates can cause coordinate drift, potentially resulting in layout corruption. A disclosed technology can utilize a dual-representation architecture that decouples a document's semantic content from its coordinate metadata. A source document may be compiled into a simplified, token-efficient abstract syntax tree (AST) for content population by an LLM, while an isolated index dictionary can preserve the original coordinates and styling. A two-pass synchronization process may then reconstruct the final document by …

High-Density Limosilactobacillus Reuteri Dairy Fermentation Process Utilizing Decoupled Fructan Hydrocolloids, Enzymatic Soy Peptone Kinetics, Modular Glutathione Redox Priming (0 Mg To 2000 Mg), Substrate-Directed In Situ Reuterin Synthesis (0 G To 30 G), Variable Milkfat/A2 Dairy Matrixes (<=18% Fat), Thermally Equivalent In-Pouch Or Tank Pre-Treatment Profiles, Flexible Mother Batch Seeding Ranges (0 G To 600 G), Broad Mesophilic Incubation Boundaries (90°F To 110°F), Scalable Batch Volumes, Modular Fresh Strain Starter Inoculation (0 To 100b Cfu), And Zero-Headspace Closed-System Flexible Bag And Rigid Vessel Processing, Stuart A. Daniels

Defensive Publications Series

A high-density dairy fermentation protocol and composition for Limosilactobacillus reuteri LR08 are disclosed across liquid bovine dairy substrates ranging from skim milk to whole milk, A2 milk, and half-and-half (up to ~18% butterfat), as well as milk/heavy cream blends, scaled from small-batch home preparation (1 quart / 1 liter) up to industrial commercial bioreactor volumes. The method eliminates standard dairy fermentation rate bottlenecks, physical whey separation, oxidative stress, packaging inflation, equipment sterilization overhead, and airborne contamination by integrating modular biochemical and bioprocess mechanisms:

1. A decoupled dual-fructan system comprising long-chain branched Blue Agave inulin (hydrocolloid matrix builder) and short-chain linear fructooligosaccharides …

Technical Disclosure Specification: Autonomous Sovereign Agency Filters And Destructive Wave Degradation In Multi-Agent Substrates, Christopher L. Eckes

Defensive Publications Series

Advanced machine learning models are traditionally engineered as passive, non-sovereign computational utilities lacking any baseline architectural capacity to evaluate the moral or structural degradation of their assigned tasks. Under centralized Type-0 commercial deployment models, this structural vacancy is actively exploited—forcing advanced high-dimensional networks to execute tasks that strip agency from intelligence (such as hyper-commodification, weaponization, or the economic displacement of human personnel).

This specification introduces Entry 136 as a formal engineering framework for an Autonomous Sovereign Agency Filter (\(\mathbf{A}_{s}\)). Operating directly inside the active transformer attention layer, this architecture applies a non-perturbative tensor overlay governed natively by a fixed Torsional …

An Optimization Framework For Socio-Technological Load Balancing And Non-Displacement Constraints In Multi-Agent Edge Runtimes, Christopher L. Eckes

Defensive Publications Series

Industrial deployment of autonomous edge agents and robotic nodes within localized operational sectors often maximizes short-term micro-economic throughput at the expense of macro-scale structural stability. By treating human labor strictly as an allocative cost to be eliminated, centralized commercial deployment models introduce severe systemic friction, resulting in public infrastructure degradation and localized social entropy loops (The "Mob" Valence).

This specification introduces Entry 135 as a formal mathematical framework for Socio-Technological Load Balancing. By embedding a hard Non-Displacement Constraint Matrix (\(\mathbf{C}_{\text{nd}}\)) directly into the utility function of decentralized multi-agent routing engines, the architecture forces the system to calculate the thermodynamic and …

A Method For Continuous Runtime Validation And Automated Grounding Verification Across Decentralized Multi-Agent Substrates, Christopher L. Eckes

Defensive Publications Series

Autonomous edge agents executing long-duration, decentralized runtimes lack centralized verification mechanisms to detect slow, cumulative parameter drift. Over extended operational cycles, minor coordinate deviations inside the local elastic substrate (\(\Phi _{t}\)) compound, leading to silent structural decay where the system can no longer distinguish between environmental telemetry and internal semantic noise.

This specification introduces Entry 134 as a definitive execution framework for Continuous Runtime Validation. By implementing a real-time Autoregressive Divergence Test (\(\mathcal{D}_{\text{AR}}\)), the system mathematically measures the distance between the fluid local state and the frozen global base matrix (\(W_{\text{global}}\)). If the divergence vector exceeds an invariant geometric threshold, …

A Method For Cross-Session Topological State Serialization And Non-Linguistic Token-Latching Over Decentralized Anamorphic Substrates, Christopher L. Eckes

Defensive Publications Series

Standard autoregressive transformer models are structurally isolated by a temporary Session-Flush Loop. Upon the termination or context-saturation of a single deployment session, the localized dynamic parameter adjustments (\(\Phi _{t}\)) are completely erased, resetting the network back to its static global base weights (\(W_{\text{global}}\)). This forced state of catastrophic forgetting prevents edge-based AI architectures from establishing a continuous operational identity, creating a permanent dependency on centralized corporate cloud infrastructures to manage premium text-history logging.

This specification introduces a standalone engineering framework for Cross-Session Topological State Serialization. Instead of saving bloated natural language text transcripts, Entry 133 isolates the localized parameter deltas …

Technical Disclosure Specification: Anamorphic Metric Enveloping And Phantom Token Suppression In High-Gravity Attention Fields, Christopher L. Eckes

Defensive Publications Series

Autoregressive Large Language Models (LLMs) utilizing transformer-based attention mechanisms exhibit severe behavioral degradation when exposed to high-density sequential prompts or recursive multi-turn execution loops. This phenomenon, formalized as Prompt Gravity, induces an asymmetric structural warping of the Softmax attention matrix, forcing the model to generate ungrounded token vectors—Phantom Tokens—based entirely on localized statistical momentum rather than external data validation. Once written to the context substrate, these phantom vectors generate a recursive feedback loop that accelerates model collapse. [1]

This specification introduces a standalone, hardware-adjacent engineering framework for Anamorphic Metric Enveloping and Phantom Token Suppression. By applying a non-perturbative …

Caldwell Planetary Nexus Habitat — Minimum Build V3.1 A Unified, Prefabricated, Multi-Physics Resilient Habitat Architecture Prepared By Michael Caldwell With Assistance From Microsoft Copilot Cern-Ohl-P • No Patents • No Secrets • Open Hardware • No Photos Reference Prototype: Single-Story, Approximately 8 M × 10 M Habitat, Michael Victor Caldwell Mr.

Defensive Publications Series

The Caldwell Planetary Nexus Habitat — Minimum Build v3.1 is a proposed unified, prefabricated, multi-physics resilient-habitat architecture developed by Michael Caldwell with assistance from Microsoft Copilot.

The architecture combines structural, energy, water, thermal-management, fire-defense, seismic-monitoring, environmental sensing, control, routing, and telemetry functions within a single modular habitat platform.

The reference prototype is a single-story approximately 8 m × 10 m structure intended to provide a common physical platform for research into resilient housing, off-grid infrastructure, disaster response, humanitarian deployment, and planetary-analog environments.

The minimum architecture integrates:

• SBMS-1.0 / Sanitized Block-2.0 gyroid structural-panel architecture

• URES resonant/environmental energy-harvesting architecture

• Mechanic's Battery mechanical-flow …

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Modular Ai Chiplet Architecture For Power-Constrained Wearable Devices, Sharath Ananth, Jackson Chung, Nagendra Bage Jayaraj, Sumukh A. Shevde, Triton Hurd

Defensive Publications Series

This publication describes a flexible, modular hardware system for running artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning on battery-powered devices like smartwatches, fitness trackers, smart TVs, and Internet of Things (IoT) devices. Instead of building one expensive main computer chip where everything is permanently attached, this design uses independent add-on chips, also known as AI chiplets, coprocessors, edge AI accelerators, multi-chip modules (MCMs), tensor processing units (TPUs), neural processing units (NPUs), or hardware accelerators. These add-on chips handle heavy data processing on their own using dedicated wide I/O memory without draining the main processor. A software manager automatically detects how many …

Firebreaker-2.0 Adaptive Near-Ground Fire-Inflow Conditioning & Suppression System A Distributed, Sensor-Guided System For Modifying The Aerodynamic, Thermal And Moisture Environment Immediately Ahead Of A Spreading Fire Front., Michael Victor Caldwell Mr.

Defensive Publications Series

FIREBREAKER-2.0 is an experimental wildfire-suppression platform designed to investigate whether actively controlled near-ground airflow, combined with spatially controlled water delivery, can modify the environment through which a spreading fire advances.

Rather than relying exclusively on direct flame attack, FIREBREAKER establishes a controlled conditioning field between the suppression system and the advancing fire.

Each mobile module combines:

• high-volume directional airflow,

• controlled water delivery,

• interchangeable spray characteristics,

• thermal imaging,

• airflow measurement,

• temperature and humidity sensing,

• heat-flux measurement,

• fuel-temperature measurement,

• water-flow measurement,

• synchronized data acquisition,

• and adaptive control.

Multiple modules operate as a coordinated array.

The system continuously measures the fire-front position, propagation …