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Analysing Some Mechanical Properties Of Cinnamon Powder Reinforced With Polymeric Materials Used In Dental Application, Ahamed Alghabban, Reem Mohammed, Jumaah Mahmood Aug 2026

Analysing Some Mechanical Properties Of Cinnamon Powder Reinforced With Polymeric Materials Used In Dental Application, Ahamed Alghabban, Reem Mohammed, Jumaah Mahmood

Engineering and Technology Journal

In the dentures industry, materials must be chosen to have good mechanical properties in order to resist the conditions that may occur in the mouth. A study was conducted to assess tensile strength, elasticity coefficient, elongation, flexural strength, flexural modulus with impact properties of poly methyl methacrylate resin as matrix strengthened with cinnamon powder and also analysing these mechanical properties by using (OriginLab) software program. The samples of Poly Methyl methacrylate bio composites which containing 2%, 4%, 6%, and 8% weight fractions of cinnamon powder and an unfilled as control sample were fabricated using “hand lay up” method. The results …

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A Survey On Deceptive Detection Systems And Technologies, Harith Thannoon, Wissam Ali, Ivan Hashim Aug 2026

A Survey On Deceptive Detection Systems And Technologies, Harith Thannoon, Wissam Ali, Ivan Hashim

Engineering and Technology Journal

There are many types of indicators that have been proven to be useful clues for deceptive detection techniques, and most of this indicators that have been presented and proven by psychology to be signs of lying. This paper presents a survey of most popular deceptive detection systems. Many techniques for lie detection have been presented by researchers; most of them are reviewed in this paper. This study focus on the algorithms, which are presented in some pervious work, and how the database has been collected for each technique, furthermore explain the adopted cues for each deception detection technique. The accuracy …

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Application Of Wheat Husk In Color Removal Of Textile Wastewater, Mohamed Mohammed, Anaam Sabri, Eman Taha Aug 2026

Application Of Wheat Husk In Color Removal Of Textile Wastewater, Mohamed Mohammed, Anaam Sabri, Eman Taha

Engineering and Technology Journal

Adsorption is the most efficient technique used to remove organic pollutants from wastewater. Dyes represent one of the pollutants that may remove by adsorption. The textile industry used dyes for colorization of fibers and always generates a considerable amount of colored wastewater. In present work, the removal of Malachite green (MG) dye pollutant from synthetic wastewater onto mesoporous Wheat husk (WH) was studied in batch adsorption systems. The characterization for the prepared wheat husk was studied by, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transforms infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. The batch experiments were carried out to measure the removal efficiency of MG as …

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Diclofenac Removal From Wastewater By Iraqi Pillared Clay, Faris Al Ani, Ghayda Al-Kindi, Noor Al-Bidri Aug 2026

Diclofenac Removal From Wastewater By Iraqi Pillared Clay, Faris Al Ani, Ghayda Al-Kindi, Noor Al-Bidri

Engineering and Technology Journal

This study deals with the removal of Pharmaceutical pollutants such as Diclofenac, which caused hazardous pollutant for human health, from aqueous solution. The aim of this study is an investigation to remove the diclofenac from synthesis wastewater by using of pillared clay that made from Iraqi clay (ALAnbar clay) as adsorbent by using both batch and packed bed reactor to study kinetic model. The experimental work in batch reactor using different parameter (diclofenac, pillared clay and pH) in four beakers for 3 hours in jar test instrument , from the result show pH is the important factor effect on the …

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Impact Of A Bright Nickel Interlayer On The Performance Of Solar Absorber Nano Coatings Deposited By Electroplating On Copper Substrate, Mohammed Kadihm, Khalid Sukkar, Ahmed Abbas Aug 2026

Impact Of A Bright Nickel Interlayer On The Performance Of Solar Absorber Nano Coatings Deposited By Electroplating On Copper Substrate, Mohammed Kadihm, Khalid Sukkar, Ahmed Abbas

Engineering and Technology Journal

In this, work, a layer of bright nickel was deposited on the copper substrate using electroplating technique watts bath, before copper nanoparticles (CuNP) Evaporation via physically vapor deposition. The improvement of the solar absorber using CuNP and CuNP, combined with bright nickel, was found to be well than CuNP singly. Bright nickel improved the thermal stability of the absorber. Also the other optical properties absorption, emissivity slight decrease from (93% to 87%0) in another hand thermal conductivity was evaluated using hot disk analyzer with a good improvement obtain by CuNP( 89%) deposited on copper substrate while it decreases with percentage18.8% …

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Synthesis And Study Of Silver Nanoparticles Using Iraqi And Indian Lawsonia Inermis Plant And Their Catalytic Performance In Degradation Of Organic Pollutant, Bassam Alabdul Aziz, Ahmed Sadda, Thuraya Ibrahim, Zainab Al-Abdullah Al-Abdullah Aug 2026

Synthesis And Study Of Silver Nanoparticles Using Iraqi And Indian Lawsonia Inermis Plant And Their Catalytic Performance In Degradation Of Organic Pollutant, Bassam Alabdul Aziz, Ahmed Sadda, Thuraya Ibrahim, Zainab Al-Abdullah Al-Abdullah

Engineering and Technology Journal

In this work, we depict the cheap, friendly environment, an unreported and easy methodology for the synthesis of silver nanoparticles using the extract of leaf concentrate of Lawsonia inermis as a green, reducing agent. Silver nanoparticles display exclusive physical characteristics, which have appealed serious research attention due to their essential uses. In present work, silver nanoparticles were synthesized for environment uses by means of a completely green biosynthetic process using Lawsonia inermis flowers extract (henna). The structure, as well as properties of silver nanoparticles, was investigated with UV-visible spectroscopic techniques, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive X-ray spectrometers (EDS) and …

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Cement Based Solidification/Stabilization Leaching Performances Of Selected Heavy Metal Ions Under Different Ph Extractions, Basim A. Hussain Hussain, Shahlaa Ebrahim, Abbas Sulaymon Aug 2026

Cement Based Solidification/Stabilization Leaching Performances Of Selected Heavy Metal Ions Under Different Ph Extractions, Basim A. Hussain Hussain, Shahlaa Ebrahim, Abbas Sulaymon

Engineering and Technology Journal

Liquid to solid partitioning as a function of pH leaching Procedure LSP EPA method 1313 was carried out to test the effectiveness , performance and efficiency of the cement-based solidification / stabilization (S/S) of heavy metals contaminated sand samples using Ordinary Portland Cement OPC type A . Two cement based mix designs ( 7 and 25 % ) have been applied to (S/S) sand contaminated samples with different heavy metal ions ( Pb , Cu , Cr , and Cd ) having the following concentrations ( 500 , 1500 and 3000 mg / kg ). Fixed water to cement ratio …

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Textile Dye Removal By Activated Date Seeds, Seroor Khaleef, Huda Hamad Aug 2026

Textile Dye Removal By Activated Date Seeds, Seroor Khaleef, Huda Hamad

Engineering and Technology Journal

The objective of the study was to prepare activated carbon from date seeds (ADS) and use it as a medium for textile dye adsorption. Batch adsorption of reactive green dye showed that dye adsorption depends on the contact time, the dye concentration, and the pH equilibrium. Different concentrations of the prepared activated carbon were used with different dye concentrations and evaluated for dye removal efficiency. The maximum dye adsorption in this study was achieved after 270 min at a pH range of 5-9. In this study, the functional groups in the prepared ADS were identified using Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) …

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Framework For Solid Waste Management In Steel Fabrication, Luma Al-Kindi, Wadood Alghabban Aug 2026

Framework For Solid Waste Management In Steel Fabrication, Luma Al-Kindi, Wadood Alghabban

Engineering and Technology Journal

Solid Waste Management (SWM) is a term used to determine greatest energy-efficient and least-polluting ways to deal with the different components and items of community’s Solid Waste stream. The solid waste could be either in solid or liquid form. Solid waste could be defined as, ”Any material that is not required by the owner, fabricator or processor.” Solid Waste could be classified as Domestic waste, Industrial waste, Waste from oil plant, Electronic-waste, Construction waste, Agricultural waste, Food treating waste, Bio-medical waste, and Nuclear waste. Due to social and environmental significances, waste reduces, reuse, and recycle have become necessities in minimizing …

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Experimental Study Of 2-Amino-5-(4- Nitrophenyl)-1, 3, 4-Thiadiazole For Ms In Hcl Solution, Talib Abed, Khalida Al-Azawi, Shaimaa Jaber, Ahmed Al-Amiery Al-Amiery, Shaimaa Al-Baghdadi Aug 2026

Experimental Study Of 2-Amino-5-(4- Nitrophenyl)-1, 3, 4-Thiadiazole For Ms In Hcl Solution, Talib Abed, Khalida Al-Azawi, Shaimaa Jaber, Ahmed Al-Amiery Al-Amiery, Shaimaa Al-Baghdadi

Engineering and Technology Journal

The present work aims to study the inhibition performance of new organic inhibitor namely ANTD “2-amino-5-(4-nitrophenyl)-1,3,4- thiadiazole” on corrosion of mild steel (MS) in HCl environment at the concentration of 1.0 M through using weight loss techniques. Weight lost measurements demonstrates the presence of a film on MS surface in existence of organic substance. The inhibition performance of ANTD at various concentrations for mild steel increases with increasing concentration and with an increased in the immersion time and decreased with raising temperatures degrees. The optimal inhibition efficiency of (ANTD), 82%, was achieved for mild steel when immersed with the highest …

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Oil Removal From Oilfield Produced Water, North Rumaila By Combination Coagulationflocculation And Microfiltration Technique, Thamer Mohammed, Eman Awad, Thabit Ahmed Aug 2026

Oil Removal From Oilfield Produced Water, North Rumaila By Combination Coagulationflocculation And Microfiltration Technique, Thamer Mohammed, Eman Awad, Thabit Ahmed

Engineering and Technology Journal

The Southern Oil Company, which is operated in North Rumaila oilfield in Basrah/ Iraq, is one of the important companies which produced huge amounts of produced oilfield water. The aim of this study is to treat the produced water by hybrid methods: the process of coagulation-flocculation and microfiltration technique (ceramic membrane) to remove the oil content and improve the water quality to meet the allowable limit of reinjection into the reservoir. Poly-aluminum chloride (PAC), and Ferric Chloride (FeCl3.6H2O) coagulants were used separately and in combination with cationic polyelectrolyte (PE). After produced water was treated with different doses of coagulant, it …

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Optical And Thermal Characterizations Of Pmma Composites, Raghad Al-Khafaji, Kareem Jasim, Adil Ibraheim Aug 2026

Optical And Thermal Characterizations Of Pmma Composites, Raghad Al-Khafaji, Kareem Jasim, Adil Ibraheim

Engineering and Technology Journal

Thick composite films were prepared employing hand – layup method . A definite quantity of PMMA ( 98%wt ) , fixed content ( 2% wt ) of rutile titanium dioxide TiO2 , gamma alumina ( ᵞ- Al2O3 ) and Zirconia powder ( ZrO2 ) , were added to polymer solution gradually and separately. Optical constants were obtained of the prepared samples using spectrometer (UV- VIS). The prepared composite samples were thermally characterized by differential scanning calorimeter ( DSC ). We notice increasing value of glass temperature and differential heat capacity ( ∆Cp ) for composites compared with pure PMMA .

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Modeling The Plasma Frequency For F2-Region Using Modified Chapman Function And Nequick2 Model Over Different Geographical Locations And Months, Ali Nima Aug 2026

Modeling The Plasma Frequency For F2-Region Using Modified Chapman Function And Nequick2 Model Over Different Geographical Locations And Months, Ali Nima

Engineering and Technology Journal

This study aims to modeling the plasma frequency profile of the F2 region as a function of geographical location and month of the y ear. The most important model and function used are Chapman function and NeQuick 2 model which have been defined both by exponential function. These models need some ionospheric parameters such as the critical frequency of F2 layer (foF2), maximum peak height (hmF2), semi thickness (ymF2), and the M factor (M (3000) F2). The results of these models are compared with the results of the International Reference Ionosphere (IRI) model. For north hemisphere, the results of Chapman …

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Investigation Of Corrosion Protection For Steel By Eco-Friendly Coating, Majid Abdulmajeed, Hiba Abdullah, Slafa Ibrahim, Ghaith Alsandooq Alsandooq Aug 2026

Investigation Of Corrosion Protection For Steel By Eco-Friendly Coating, Majid Abdulmajeed, Hiba Abdullah, Slafa Ibrahim, Ghaith Alsandooq Alsandooq

Engineering and Technology Journal

The coupling effect of coating and inhibition has been investigated in the present work. polypyrrole coating with adding coumarin was applied on carbon steel to protect it against corrosion. Electropolymerization process by cyclic voltammeter was carried out in 0.2M oxalic acid electrolyte containing 0.1M pyrrole monomer without and with 0.01M coumarin as an eco-friendly inhibitor. SEM/EDS, AFM and FTIR techniques were used to identify the coating film. Corrosion test using Potentiostat was achieved for uncoated and coated specimens and the results indicated that the corrosion potentials became nobler compared with uncoated specimen, this means that the anodic sites were covered …

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Response Of Bread Wheat To Abscisic Acid Under Water Stress, Shatha Ahmed, Emad Hashim, Ahmed Al-Taie Aug 2026

Response Of Bread Wheat To Abscisic Acid Under Water Stress, Shatha Ahmed, Emad Hashim, Ahmed Al-Taie

Engineering and Technology Journal

Field experiments were carried out at the Field Crops Research Station of the Agricultural Research Office - Abu Ghraib, during Seasons of 2014-2015 and 2015-2016 to study the effect of four concentrations of abscisic acid (ABA) on some of the physiological characteristics of cultivar bread wheat (Bohooth10) under water stress. The experiments were applied according to randomized complete block design (RCBD) by split plot arrangement with three replicates. Water treatments, which occupied the main plots, included four water irrigation quantities, which were irrigated when depletion 50%, 70% and 40% of available water, in addition to rainy treatment (germination irrigation + …

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The Effect Of Using Multi Types Of Mineral Admixtures On Some Properties Of Lightweight Self-Compacting Concrete, Waleed Razaq, Qais Freih, Shubbar Al Obaidey Aug 2026

The Effect Of Using Multi Types Of Mineral Admixtures On Some Properties Of Lightweight Self-Compacting Concrete, Waleed Razaq, Qais Freih, Shubbar Al Obaidey

Engineering and Technology Journal

The main objective of this research was studying the effects of using multi types of mineral admixtures as high reactivity Attapulgite (HRA), high reactivity Metakaolin (HRM) and fly ash (FA) on some rheological and mechanical properties of lightweight self - Compacting concrete (LWSCC), when were used as a partially replacement by weight of cement. The results showed that using of (HRA) and (HRM) increased the superplasticizer (SP) dosage, while (FA) with spherical particles reduced the (SP) dosage relative to reference mix (Ref. mix) to get the same slump flow target value. The optimum content for (HRA) used in this study …

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Comparison Of The Trends Of Mean Temperature And Rainfall Rate In The City Of Samawah (Iraq) With Global Climate Change, Athier Hussin Aug 2026

Comparison Of The Trends Of Mean Temperature And Rainfall Rate In The City Of Samawah (Iraq) With Global Climate Change, Athier Hussin

Engineering and Technology Journal

Increasing earth temperature due to the high level of greenhouse gas has affected the other climate elements on the earth surface. However, there was a little consideration of the differences between the global and local scale of climate change. This research included a comparison between the global climate change and the changes of climate elements that happened in Samawah city. The results showed that there is a significant difference between the increasing annual mean temperature globally and the annual mean temperature in the city. For example, when comparing the increase in annual mean temperature of the city for the period …

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Study The Catalytic Oxidation Of Phenol In Both Baskets Stirred Tank And Packed Bed Reactors, Ghayda Al-Kindi, Faris Al Ani Aug 2026

Study The Catalytic Oxidation Of Phenol In Both Baskets Stirred Tank And Packed Bed Reactors, Ghayda Al-Kindi, Faris Al Ani

Engineering and Technology Journal

The aim of this study, using five types of AL-Fe pillared Iraqi clay to study catalyst wet air oxidation to oxide phenol from synthesis’s wastewater and study the limitation criteria in control of operating conditions. Two types of reactor (Batch and packed bed) used to study operation conditions and the best conditions result from Batch reactor was pressure 3.2Mpa, temperature 130⁰C, phenol concentration 500mg/l and pH 3.9, for packed bed reactor with AL-Fe pillared clays of Anbar-Erbil, Mosul, due to high phenol removal, in up-flow mode. The results show that phenol removal is 98-97.8-95% for Erbil-MosulAnbar respectively, when the LHSV …

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Effect Of Operating Parameters On Degradation Of Eriochrome Black T Dye, Walaa Sabre, Sheymaa Mohammed, Ahmed Ali Aug 2026

Effect Of Operating Parameters On Degradation Of Eriochrome Black T Dye, Walaa Sabre, Sheymaa Mohammed, Ahmed Ali

Engineering and Technology Journal

Of the effect, the process parameters on photocatalytic degradation Eriochrome black T( EBT) dye has been degraded in a batch reactor under UV light in heterogeneous slurry utilizing various concentrations of two semiconductors commercial catalysts (Titanium dioxide and Zinc Oxide). The parameter has been studied (catalyst type, catalyst concentration, pH of dye solution and initial dye concentration). The results showed that the best dose of TiO2 and ZnO are 1.5 and 1 g/l respectively and the optimum pH (6 and 11) using TiO2 and ZnO respectively. Moreover, the comparative assessment of the photocatalytic efficiency was made for different photocatalytic powder. …

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Adsorption Study Of Nitrate Anions By Different Materials Using Fixed Bed Column, Anaam Sabri, Noor Abbood Aug 2026

Adsorption Study Of Nitrate Anions By Different Materials Using Fixed Bed Column, Anaam Sabri, Noor Abbood

Engineering and Technology Journal

MCM-41is, a mesoporous material with a hexagonal structure, has a high surface area, high pore vol., and low mass density. Continuous adsorption fixed bed of NH2-MCM-4I adsorbent was utilized for the removal of nitrate anions from aqueous solutions. The effect of adsorbent weight (0.5, 1, 2 gm), flow rate (0.5, 1.0, 1.5 ml/min) and initial NO3 - concentrations (50, 75, 100 mg/l) on breakthrough curves were studied. It was found that breakthrough time increases with increasing column bed height and decreases with increasing NO3 - inlet concentration and flow rate. The highest removal percentage (75.2%) achieved at inlet concentration of …

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Effect Of Compost And Humic Acid On Potato Growth And Quality, Abbas Mijwel, Adel N. Abed Al-Redha Abed Al-Redha, Tarif Bresim Aug 2026

Effect Of Compost And Humic Acid On Potato Growth And Quality, Abbas Mijwel, Adel N. Abed Al-Redha Abed Al-Redha, Tarif Bresim

Engineering and Technology Journal

an experiment was carried out in Karbala on 10/9/2014 using the compost of palm residues at four levels (0, 20, 30, 40) tan.h-1 and the humic acid in three concentrations (0,1.5, 3)ml.L-1 to determine the effect of these factors and their interaction in growth and quality characteristics of potato and find organic fertilizer combination instead of chemical fertilizers. The addition of the compost of the residue palm has a significant and positive effect on all studied traits (Number of branches.plant-1, Plant height, percent of the dry weight of vegetative growth, percent of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium in tubers, ratio of …

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Slurry Infiltrated Fiber Concrete As Sustainable Solution For Defected Buildings, Mays Alrubaie, Dalya Hameed, Shakir Salih, Galib Habeeb Habeeb, Waleed Abbas Aug 2026

Slurry Infiltrated Fiber Concrete As Sustainable Solution For Defected Buildings, Mays Alrubaie, Dalya Hameed, Shakir Salih, Galib Habeeb Habeeb, Waleed Abbas

Engineering and Technology Journal

One of the new concrete technology applications that had to get increased importance as repairing and retrofitting technique is slurry infiltrated fiber concrete (SIFCON). This research aims to investigate some of the mechanical properties of SIFCON and its role in improving the useful life of normal concrete. The research consists of two parts; in the first part, three mixes are prepared with 0%, 1.5%, and 6% volume fraction steel fiber content. Compressive strength, flexural strength, total absorption and apparent density tests are made for each mix. In the second part, a composite section of normal concrete and SIFCON mix with …

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Evaluation Of Water Treatment Residue As A Sorption Medium And Its Application To Control Phosphate Level In Water, Mahmood Barbooti, Shaymaa Hasan, Mustafa Jassim Aug 2026

Evaluation Of Water Treatment Residue As A Sorption Medium And Its Application To Control Phosphate Level In Water, Mahmood Barbooti, Shaymaa Hasan, Mustafa Jassim

Engineering and Technology Journal

Wastewater treatment residual material, WTR, from a local drinking water facility in Baghdad, was evaluated as a potential medium for the removal of some unwanted species from water. The material was first characterized by chemical composition, X-ray diffraction and infrared spectral analysis prior to its use as an adsorbent. The x-ray revealed that the material is a calcium based water treatment residue mixed with silica and impurities of oxides like MgO and Fe2O3. The adsorption characteristics of the material were evaluated by studying the adsorption of methylene blue. The cation exchange capacity and the surface area had values of 10.5 …

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The Influence Of Recycled Crushing Strength Of Rc Beams Under Repeated Loading, Mohammed Al Hamdani, Marawan Hamid, Nada Al Hussiny Aug 2026

The Influence Of Recycled Crushing Strength Of Rc Beams Under Repeated Loading, Mohammed Al Hamdani, Marawan Hamid, Nada Al Hussiny

Engineering and Technology Journal

This paper describes a study of the effect of crashed (recycle) concrete on reinforced concrete beams. Three-dimensionally nonlinear finite elements analysis has been used conducted the numerical investigations of the general study of recycling-beam. ANSYS.11.0 computer-program using in this paper. Solid65 using as element of concrete, link8 for steel. The compression strength of the concrete mix decrease due to the strength of crashing concert. It’s weaker than gravel aggregate, that lower strength due to weak of old mortar cement around the aggregate and due to crashed process. The percentage of decrease of the compressive strength equal to (59.8) % and …

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Application Of Microwave Heating In The Demulsification Of Crude Oil Emulsions, Firdos Abdulla, Mohammed Ali, Jenan Al-Najar, Nedhal Shaker Shaker Aug 2026

Application Of Microwave Heating In The Demulsification Of Crude Oil Emulsions, Firdos Abdulla, Mohammed Ali, Jenan Al-Najar, Nedhal Shaker Shaker

Engineering and Technology Journal

In recent times the formation of pre-processing water-in-crude emulsions in petroleum industries has led to some inherent challenges such as the reduction in the efficiency of oil recovery, high cost of operation and corrosion in pipes. Traditional ways of pulverizing the emulsions using heat and chemical approaches have many disadvantageous from both economic and environmental points of view. Microwave irradiation is an efficient method for the demulsification of the water-in-oil (W/O) emulsion, encountered in refinery industries. The microwave technology is a costeffective way of emulsifying water-in-crude-oil emulsion. Two methods were used for conducting the demulsification performance test, i.e. chemical and …

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Simulation Of Mosul Dam Reservoir Operation For Irrigation And Hydropower Generation, Baraa Jebbo, Taymoor Awchi Aug 2026

Simulation Of Mosul Dam Reservoir Operation For Irrigation And Hydropower Generation, Baraa Jebbo, Taymoor Awchi

Engineering and Technology Journal

The current research aims to build a simulation model to study the effect of Jazeera irrigation projects (North, East and South) water requirements on hydroelectric power generation from Mosul dam hydropower plant. The simulation was applied from January 1988 to December 2006 on a monthly basis. A simulation model was built utilizing (HEC-ResSim 3.0) Package, which showed high efficiency in representing and simulating the actual operation of the reservoir. Simulation model operation has been carried out through five scenarios with two cases of priority; the first was to maximize the hydroelectric power generation, and the second was to minimize the …

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Restoring The Local Heritage And Its Role In Sustainable Spatial Development The Great Market In Al-Najaf – A Case Study, Wahda Al-Hinkawi, Baneen Al-Saadawi Aug 2026

Restoring The Local Heritage And Its Role In Sustainable Spatial Development The Great Market In Al-Najaf – A Case Study, Wahda Al-Hinkawi, Baneen Al-Saadawi

Engineering and Technology Journal

Regional and local changes in Iraq have led to an accelerated dynamic of comprehensive development without the preservation of local heritage, which caused the loss of many traditional buildings, changing their urban fabric, the emergence of contradictory architectural styles, and others without a clear and specific identity, causing visual deformation. The research problem was identified from the goals and principles of urban design that concerned with the conservation, restoration, and continuity of heritage context, activates their role in sustainable development programs and as a response to changes and radical shifts in spatial structures of city centers, and the social and …

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Thermodynamic And Kinetic Investigation Of Desalination By Refrigerant Clathrate Hydrate Formation, Shurooq Al-Hemeri, Riyadh Al-Mukhtar, Lina Mahmood Aug 2026

Thermodynamic And Kinetic Investigation Of Desalination By Refrigerant Clathrate Hydrate Formation, Shurooq Al-Hemeri, Riyadh Al-Mukhtar, Lina Mahmood

Engineering and Technology Journal

Gas hydrate is a crystalline solid compound form of water with hydrophobic gas at certain conditions (pressure and temperature). The hydrogen bond in water molecules constructs a framework as a host that entraps gas molecules (gust). Gas hydrate can be applied to many industries such as gas separation, cool storage, food concentration and desalination. Hydrate route looks a promising alternative technology compared to the conventional process, by utilizing a proper gas host, which can be held within water cavities composed by hydrogen-bonded water molecules. In this study the selected host gas was Refrigerant R134a, the work consists of an experimental …

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Criteria For Sustainable Planting Design Applications In Landscape Architecture Projects Under Arid Conditions, Abdullah Ghazal Aug 2026

Criteria For Sustainable Planting Design Applications In Landscape Architecture Projects Under Arid Conditions, Abdullah Ghazal

Engineering and Technology Journal

Planting design is an important part of all Landscape Architecture projects (LAps). It needs new criteria in order to make it more sustainable. When arid conditions are dominant, these criteria will be more difficult. These limiting factors of harsh environment and aridity, such as high temperature and evaporation, low rainfall, poor and sandy soil, are largely diverse in many levels concerning water, soil, and climate. Thus they clearly appear in designing and impeding sustainable LAps. The planting design in LAps is governed by three major factors which are: plant species, water availability, and the control soil property and climate conditions. …

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Preparation And Study The Structure Of Pure And Impure Barium Titanate With Zr4+ Ion, Mojahid Najim, Wasan Hekmat Aug 2026

Preparation And Study The Structure Of Pure And Impure Barium Titanate With Zr4+ Ion, Mojahid Najim, Wasan Hekmat

Engineering and Technology Journal

In this research, pure and impure barium titanate with Zr4+ ion with two molar ratios x= (5, 10) % have been synthesized by solid-state reaction technique. The powders calculations at two temperatures (950°C and 1400°C). An XRD technique was used in order to study the crystal structure of pure and impure barium titanate, which confirmed the formation of the tetragonal phase of BaTiO3, then calculate the lattice parameters of pure and impure barium titanate, the addition of zirconium ion Zr4+ lead to increases lattice parameters.

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