Digital Commons Network^™

Eulerian Problem Solving, Christopher Goff, Erik Tou

Euleriana

An introduction to the contents in Volume 6 (Issue 2) of Euleriana.

Paradise Found? Orality In The Composition Process, Alexander Quadros

Undercurrents: A Journal of Undergraduate Student Composition

Alex is an undecided major from Chelmsford, MA, who is interested in International Relations, English, and Economics. Alex said this topic “thoroughly piqued my curiosity” and he “wondered whether my recurrent frustrations with procrastination of writing assignments was a symptom of ‘thinker’s block,’ or rather the usual culprit of ‘writer’s block.’ This distinction became important to him as he realized “utilizing orality could spur the composition process.” Alex is a very family-oriented person and is passionate about helping others. His ideal day would be hiking with friends while listening to the Rolling Stones and then playing basketball all night long. …

The Battle Of Science And The Public: How To Make Scientific Writing Friendly, Maggie Buyuk

Undercurrents: A Journal of Undergraduate Student Composition

Maggie Buyuk is a Nursing major from Bolton, MA. She wanted to focus her essay on the scientific discourse community because she feels as though it is often unapproachable: “As a nursing major, I know that I want information to be easily accessible for both myself and my patients. Unfortunately, the scientific rhetoric is not publically friendly because of the jargon and format of the scientific paper standard.” Maggie believes that there is a middle ground where the scientific community and the public can meet in order to better understand each other. This essay is special to her because, as …

Bitseat: Reimagining The Financing For Airliners Using Nonfungible Tokens (Blockchain Technology), Edwin S. Ongola

Journal of Aviation Technology and Engineering

This essay describes how blockchain technology, particularly nonfungible tokens, can be used to raise funding for airliners. The essay begins with a brief overview on the costs, categories, and acquisition methods of airliners. After that, the essay introduces concepts on blockchain technology, tokens, and smart contracts. The essay then touches on how nonfungible tokens can be used to facilitate fractional ownership of airliners. From there, the essay discusses Bitseat, a conceptual nonfungible token for fractional ownership of airliners, covering its overall design, appeal, marketplace alternatives, and challenges. Finally, in the discussion, the essay summarizes the overall concept and outlines its …

Improving Security Policy Validation In Distributed Systems Using Attack Graph Simulations, Zaid J. Al-Araji, Balqees Talal Hasan, Fahad Ahmed Shaban, Ali Khairi Al-Toohafi, Hussein M. Farhood, Alaa Al-Dabbagh, Omar Nazar Hamdoon

Al-Bahir

Validation of security policies in distributed systems is difficult because rules are heterogeneous, interact in non-obvious ways, and static checks often overlook multi-stage attacker chains. We offer a unified framework to translate real policies, and in parallel give visibility into policy-aware attack graphs (PAAGs), then we evaluate them using deterministic as well as probabilistic simulations, with Monte Carlo (MC) included. The policies are naturally embedded in the construction; firewall semantics deny or remove exploit edges, RBAC limits privilege transitions, and IDS/IPS lower the success likelihood of edges, so the resulting graph reflects both the vulnerability surface and the enforcement posture. …

The Nine-Block Pyramid: A Structural Framework For Cultivating An Ai Adoption Mindset Culture At Enterprise Scale, Ahmad Masri

Communications of the IIMA

Enterprise artificial intelligence (AI) adoption is nearly universal in name but shallow in practice: a large majority of organizations now use AI in at least one business function, yet only a small minority have scaled it enterprise-wide, and leadership commitment rather than technology is repeatedly cited as the binding constraint. This conceptual paper argues that AI adoption is fundamentally a mindset-culture problem, not a tooling problem, and proposes a nine-block pyramid as a practical framework describing a sequencing heuristic, anchored in established organizational-behavior theory, for the cultural conditions an enterprise should build to sustain an AI adoption mindset: (1) Enterprise …

Comparative Analytical Study Of Titanium Alloys By Libs, Xrd, And Eds, Hyder A. Salih, Sabah N. Mizhir, Khaleel I. Hassoon, Nisreen Kh. Abdalameer, Mona Niroozad

Journal of Applied Sciences and Nanotechnology

Titanium alloys (TiAs) have significant applications in engineering and technological purposes but often demand inclusive characterization due to their different components and properties. While previous LIBS investigations on Ti alloys have demonstrated its capability for elemental identification, they have not systematically explored its application for rapid sorting and recycling of industrially relevant titanium alloys with complex compositions. Our work specifically addresses this gap by applying LIBS to differentiate and classify Ti alloys with varying alloying elements. Pure (T0) and two commercial titanium alloys (T1 and T2) have been investigated using LIBS, XRD, and EDS techniques for fast and exact identification, …

Preparation Of Gallium Nitride Thin Film Using Hydrothermal Method, Rawan B. Fadhil, Evan T. Salim, Subash C.B. Gopinath, Motahher A. Qaeed

Journal of Applied Sciences and Nanotechnology

This article describes the synthesis and deposition of gallium nitride (GaN) by the hydrothermal method. The objective of this study is to prepare and deposit gallium nitride (GaN) on quartz substrates using the hydrothermal technique and to investigate its structural, optical, and surface properties. In this work, 0.001 g of GaN powder was dispersed in 40 ml of deionized water, and the prepared solution was used for the deposition process. The quartz substrates were then introduced into the hydrothermal system to complete the deposition on their surface. The prepared samples were characterized using XRD, UV–Vis, Raman, FESEM, and AFM techniques …

Green Assisted Synthesis Of Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles: The Influence Of Plant Extract Type (Eucalyptus, Lemon, And Sidr), Ikram R. Abdal-Razaq, Farhad M. Othman, Alaa A. Abdul-Hamead

Journal of Applied Sciences and Nanotechnology

In recent years, a greener sustained approach has attracted significant attention, particularly that employs environmentally friendly nanomaterials by utilizing natural extracts. Despite the growing number of literature studies on the synthesis of zinc oxide nanoparticles using different plants, comparisons between extracts to assess their effect on physical and chemical properties under identical preparation conditions are almost limited. Therefore, this study aims investigate an emerging field of nanotechnology focused on creating cost-effective, environmentally friendly zinc oxide nanoparticles using various leaf extracts (Eucalyptus, Lemon, and Sidr) as reducing and stabilizing agents, with zinc chloride as the precursor. The impact of the active …

Tensile Behaviour Of Polymer Blends Reinforced With Siwak, Flax Fibres And Natural Powders, Hassan A. Sharhan, Sadeer M. Majeed, Wafaa M. Salih

Journal of Applied Sciences and Nanotechnology

This research focuses on developing environmentally friendly hybrid nanocomposites based on a polymer blend of 25% PMMA and 75% bio-epoxy, reinforced with natural materials, including eggshell powder, cuttlefish bone, siwak, and flax fibres. Tensile testing results showed a significant enhancement in mechanical characteristics with increasing reinforcement percentage. The eggshell-reinforced blend with siwak fibres achieved the best mechanical performance at 3 wt.%, having a tensile strength of around 15 MPa and a Young's modulus of roughly 0.72 GPa, as opposed to the unreinforced blend, which measured roughly 6 MPa and 0.35 GPa, respectively. The elongation also increased from approximately 1.8% for …

Experimental Investigation Of A Time–Delayed Multi Spark Blumlein Excitation System For Performance Enhancement Of A Tea Nitrogen Laser, Farah Jawad Kadhum, Raid A Ismail, Alwan M. Alwan, Ali H. Attallah, Doaa Sulaiman

Journal of Applied Sciences and Nanotechnology

This paper presents a multistage electrical configuration for excitation within a nanosecond transversely excited atmospheric nitrogen (TEA-N₂) laser, with variations including a one-stage Blumlein circuit (1SBC),a three-stage Blumlein circuit (3SBC), and a five-stage Blumlein circuit (5SBC). The circuit features several discharge loops controlled by spark gaps and is intended to produce great performance through a low-inductance discharge geometry. A two-electrode spark gap is temporarily changed to cause the laser channel to collapse at the maximum overvoltage. The design enables gas discharge and nitrogen molecule excitation at lower voltages, with each configuration producing a varied peak output power depending …

Thermo-Hydraulic Performance Enhancement Of Heat Sinks Using Twisted Naca 0021 Airfoil Pin Fins: A Numerical Study, Ismail H. Omran, Khaled M. Chahrour

Journal of Applied Sciences and Nanotechnology

The thermo-hydraulic performance of heat sinks is strongly influenced by pin-fin geometry; however, systematic evaluation of twisted NACA 0021 airfoil pin fins as an alternative to conventional cylindrical configurations remains limited. The current study involved numerical investigations using ANSYS Fluent 2023 in analyzing a heat sink with twisted NACA 0021 airfoil pin fins subjected to turbulent forced convection. The traditional design with cylindrical pin-fin heat sinks was used as the baseline geometry, and varying degrees of twist ranging from 0° to 60° were studied over a range of inlet velocity from 6.5 to 12 m/s (Re = 3.8 × 10 …

Ai Slop In The Generative Ai Era: Uncovering Hidden Costs For Information Quality, Trust, And Human-Centered Systems, Blenda G. Mutuma

Communications of the IIMA

The rapid proliferation of generative AI tools has fundamentally altered the volume, velocity, and perceived quality of information produced across academic and professional settings (Bommasani et al., 2021; Stanford Institute for Human-Centered Artificial Intelligence [HAI], 2025). Yet this expansion has introduced a critical and underexamined threat to sustainable information ecosystems: what this paper formally terms AI slop ; defined as AI-generated content that achieves surface-level plausibility while offering limited substantive value, accuracy, or contextual depth. At scale, AI slop degrades information quality and erodes institutional trust (Bender et al., 2021; Weidinger et al., 2021). More critically, it generates what this …

Saas As The Backbone Of Digital Transformation: How Ai Turned Cloud Software Into Intelligent Enterprise Infrastructure, Amar Fejzić

Communications of the IIMA

Software-as-a-Service (SaaS) has become one of the most consequential infrastructures of digital transformation because it lowers the cost, time, and complexity of adopting enterprise capabilities. At the same time, artificial intelligence (AI), especially generative and conversational AI, is changing SaaS from a delivery model into an intelligent operating layer that automates workflows, personalizes customer interactions, and supports data-driven decisions. This paper develops a conceptual synthesis of academic literature and public organizational cases to examine how SaaS shaped digital transformation and how AI is reshaping SaaS itself. The analysis shows that SaaS enables scalable experimentation, faster deployment, and modular integration, while …

Integration Of Freshness Monitoring And Active Packaging Technologies For Aquatic Products, Maria Ali, Abdul Waheed Ghanghro, Bheem Raj Serani, Mahrukh Zakir

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

Aquatic products are nutritionally valuable but highly perishable, with quality loss driven by microbial spoilage, biochemical changes, including total volatile basic nitrogen (TVB-N), trimethylamine (TMA) and histamine, and physicochemical deterioration, including lipid oxidation, gas production and texture loss. Conventional packaging slows these processes but does not report real-time freshness. This review analyzes how active packaging (antimicrobial, antioxidant, enzyme-inhibiting, and oxygen-scavenging systems, including bio- and nanocomposites) can be combined with freshness monitoring technologies (colorimetric/pH indicators, gas sensors, biosensors, and digital tools such as radio frequency identification (RFID) and Internet of Things (IoT) systems) specifically for fish, shrimp, and mollusks. We first …

The Design Of G-Board Gamification : Chess Boards ., Djamila Hassan Djibril Professor

Defensive Publications Series

With the emergence of a novel concept of gamification in g-board games, we aim to investigate the creative design and execution of G-Board, a gamified platform designed to boost user involvement and educational results. By incorporating game elements such as points, badges, leader boards, and challenges into the conventional or productivity sphere, G-Board aspires to inspire users through both intrinsic and extrinsic incentives. In response to alterations in game design or transformations in the gaming industry triggered by shifts in user engagement, we opted to craft a fresh approach and concept for games. The aim of this new design is …

System And Method For Local Venue User-Generated Content Registration, Affinity-Sensed Curation, And Revenue-Shared Broadcast Pickup, Eric Zavesky

Defensive Publications Series

A system and method for local venue user-generated content registration, affinity-sensed curation, and revenue-shared broadcast pickup is disclosed. Patrons of local establishments capture video clips and upload them through verified paths establishing authorship and venue proximity. A registration service verifies authorship, assigns persistent content identifiers, and embeds venue provenance directly into clip files. An edge-processed, aggregate, non-biometric affinity sensor array measures audience engagement during display, generating affinity scores that inform curation and distribution decisions. A hierarchical governance engine applies positive and negative content filters with strict negative-override priority across per-clip, per-patron, and per-keyword vectors, supporting genre-aligned filter relaxation for special …

Adaptive Media Content Recommendation Based On Temporal Physiological States, Karl Joseph Weinmeister

Defensive Publications Series

This publication describes a media recommendation system that conditions content selection on a listener’s temporal physiological state rather than on external context alone. A biometric-sensing wearable device streams heart rate (HR), heart-rate variability (HRV), and inertial (e.g., accelerometer or gyroscope) data to a host media device, which buffers the multi-stream time series over a rolling look-back window. The buffered series is decomposed into a personalized seasonal component (circadian rhythms, baseline metabolic variation, historical resting-heart-rate zones, etc.) and a trend component that outputs the velocity and acceleration of the physiological state. A context classifier fuses biometric and motion signals to classify …

Multi-Cycle Dynamic Ir-Drop Prediction For Power Delivery Networks Using A Shared-Weight Encoder-Decoder With Convolutional Recurrence, Prateek Pendyala

Defensive Publications Series

Dynamic IR-drop, a voltage drop reflecting current (I) through resistance (R), has become a significant operational constraint in the power delivery network (PDN) of an integrated circuit.  A transient matrix solver can take upwards of 6-12 hours to verify one engineering change order (ECO).  Separately, a frame-based neural network may miss voltage deficits that build across consecutive clock cycles.  To address these limitations, this a prediction method feeds per-cycle power tensors through a shared spatial encoder.  From there, a convolutional long short-term memory (ConvLSTM) temporal core carries voltage history from cycle to cycle.  A shared spatial decoder then reconstructs a …

Gci-Vabc-R+ Continuous Acoustic-Inertial Bio-Purification Engine, Michael Victor Caldwell Mr.

Defensive Publications Series

Elevated levels of Lipoprotein(a) [Lp(a)] represent an independent, genetically determined causal risk factor for cardiovascular disease and aortic stenosis, affecting approximately 20% of the global human population. Current therapeutic interventions face severe trade-offs: pharmacological antisense oligonucleotides (e.g., Pelacarsen) have demonstrated sub-threshold event reduction in large-scale outcomes trials (Lp(a)HORIZON) due to depth-of-lowering limits (~72–80%), whereas existing apheresis platforms non-selectively deplete all Apolipoprotein B (ApoB) particles via non-specific adsorption. This disclosure details the full bench-scale prototype specifications, fluid dynamics models, electrical schematics, and testing protocols for the GCI-VABC-R+ Research Engine.

The GCI-VABC-R+ integrates Dean-flow secondary inertial focusing, high-frequency Bulk Acoustic Waves (BAW), …

Cumorp‑1.0 — Caldwell Unified Multi‑Organ Research Platform, Michael Victor Caldwell Mr.

Defensive Publications Series

CUMORP‑1.0 is a multi‑physics benchtop research reactor designed to study:

• Autoimmune cascade collapse

• Neuro‑toxic aggregate clearance

• Oncological micro‑environment clearance

• Systemic multi‑organ inflammatory collapse

• Metabolic failure

• ROS overload

• Multi‑organ hydrology failure

• Multi‑organ pressure collapse

• Multi‑organ resonance misalignment

It integrates:

• CUTDE‑1.0 — telemetry spine

• S‑MORPH v1.0 — systemic multi‑organ physics

• C‑AIRE v1.0 — autoimmune physics

• CNCS‑1.0 — neuro‑clearance physics

• UBPRCE‑Onco — oncological clearance physics

• GCI‑VABC‑R+ — continuous purification physics

C‑Aire V1.0 — Caldwell Universal Auto‑Immune Reset Engine, Michael Victor Caldwell Mr.

Defensive Publications Series

C‑AIRE v1.0 is an open‑hardware multi‑physics benchtop reactor engineered to study autoimmune cascade collapse in synthetic immune‑tissue phantom models. It unifies:

• Acoustic standing waves

• Monodisperse microbubble cavitation

• Non‑thermal RF destabilization

• Electrokinetic DC alignment

• Gyroid microfluidic vortex flow

• Magnetophoretic debris extraction

• High‑speed telemetry (10 kHz)

• Deterministic thermal safety interlocks

inside a temperature‑locked PEEK‑1000 chamber.

All mechanical, electrical, fluidic, and operational parameters are fully specified so any lab can fabricate, assemble, and test a working prototype directly from this document.

Caldwell Neuro-Clearance Super-Engine (Cncs-1.0) A Unified Multi-Physics Research Reactor For Non-Thermal Clearance Of Neuro-Toxic Aggregates In Synthetic Tissue Phantoms, Michael Victor Caldwell Mr.

Defensive Publications Series

Current neurodegenerative research lacks an integrated benchtop engine capable of simulating the mechanical, electrokinetic, and acoustic parameters required to clear proteinaceous aggregates (Tau tangles, Amyloid-$\beta$ oligomers, and $\alpha$-Synuclein fibrils) from dense extracellular matrices.

CNCS-1.0 fills this gap by coupling acoustic streaming, resonant microbubble shear, amplitude-modulated radiofrequency destabilization, and electrokinetic transport into a single, temperature-locked PEEK-1000 micro-vortex chamber. The system reduces simulated Interstitial Fluid Pressure (IFP) from $25\text{ mmHg}$ down to $\le 6\text{ mmHg}$ in tissue phantoms while driving unidirectional magnetophoretic and acoustic aggregate clearance—all without exceeding a $\Delta T$ of $+0.4^\circ\text{C}$ in the biological matrix.

Gci-Ubprce-1.0 / Ubprce-Onco V1.0 — Universal Bio-Physical Resonance & Microfluidic Clearance Engine (Multi-Physics Reactor Core & Telemetry Architecture), Michael Victor Caldwell Mr.

Defensive Publications Series

This technical disclosure presents the complete design, mechanical specifications, material selection, and telemetry architecture for the GCI-UBPRCE-1.0 (UBPRCE-Onco v1.0), an open-hardware, non-clinical benchtop multi-physics microfluidic reactor engine. The platform addresses two critical operational bottlenecks in in-vitro solid tumor microenvironment (TME) phantom research: reversible Interstitial Fluid Pressure (IFP) reduction to enable deep nanocarrier transport without hyperthermic tissue damage, and continuous real-time biomarker/protein aggregate extraction without experiment interruption.

The physical chassis (ANNEX-B) consists of a monolithic Polyether Ether Ketone (PEEK-1000) chamber ($100 \times 50 \times 30\text{ mm}$) featuring an internal $12.5\text{ mL}$ Gyroid minimal surface micro-vortex flow cavity ($Ra \le 0.4\ \mu\text{m}$) …

Privacy-Preserving Web3 Recovery, Panagiotis Chatzigiannis, Adithya Bhat, Duc Le, Mohammad Mohsen Minaei Bidgoli

Defensive Publications Series

A computer generates a hash value based on a commitment data. The computer signs the hash value using a private key to form a signature. The computer posts the hash value and the signature to a blockchain. The computer provides the commitment data to a receiver device. After a predetermined amount of time the commitment data is posted to the blockchain. A smart contract verifies the hash value using the commitment data.

The Diamond, September 11, 2026, Dordt University

Dordt Diamond

• Front Page: Boodlebox Brought in: Dordt Purchases Pilot Program for AI Platform; 25 Years of Remembrance; Flood Devastates Nepal and Tibet
• News: Dordt, You've Got Mail; Week of Welcome Separates from CORE 100; Monarchs Make Pitstop in Dordt Prairie on Their Way to Mexico; Are You Coming to Dwell?
• Feature: Impacting All Generations: Dordt's Children's Worship Initiative; Opinion: The Church Dilemma, Guidance on Choosing a Place of Worship; "While We Were Out" Showcases Art from Dordt Students, Alumni, Faculty, and Community Members
• Opinion: How the Iowa Tuition Grant Can Save Higher Education in Iowa; Really? Open Spaces?; Taeda's Takes: What's …

Aerodynamic Effects Optimisation Of Water-Powered Funicular Car Body Exposed To Headwind And Crosswind, Theodorus Agung Wicaksono, Bagus Wahyudi, Syamsul Hadi, Wirawan Wirawan, Hangga Wicaksono

Journal of Mechanical Engineering Science and Technology (JMEST)

Water-powered funicular railways are an environmentally friendly mode of transport whose efficiency heavily depends on the principle of gravity. However, their operation is vulnerable to natural wind disturbances that can hinder speed or cause a risk of overturning on steep, curved tracks. This study aims to analyse the influence of funicular car model design on the rolling moment exerted on the rails as the car turns to enter a track branch. The research methodology involves aerodynamic simulations using SolidWorks flow simulation, comparing three body models: WAHYUDI, FUNAERO, and AEROFUN. Simulations were conducted with variations in turn angles (10° to 30°) …

Nurture: A Heart–Head–Hands–Feet Curriculum Framework For Sustainable Food Systems And Planetary Health Education, Liza Barbour, Devinia Wainwright, Sarah Browne, Clare Pettinger, Jessica Wegener, Tracy Everitt, Liesel Carlsson

School of Health Professions

Introduction: Nutrition and dietetics professionals are vital to food systems transformation; however, the integration of sustainable food systems and planetary health curricula in tertiary education remains inadequate. This article presents the NURTURE framework, a curriculum tool designed in collaboration with an Indigenous artist to support educators in preparing future professionals to address global planetary crises.Methods: The framework organises 35 curriculum concepts previously identified by stakeholders across 27 countries as relevant for entry-level nutrition and dietetics professionals. Drawing on holistic educational models and Indigenous worldviews that emphasise the interconnected relationships between humans and nature, researchers mapped the concepts to four domains …

September 2026, Swosu Bulldog Wellness Committee

SWOSU BULLDOG WELLNESS

• Self-Care Awareness Month

• Stress Management Tips for Bulldogs

• Bulldog Resources

• Myth or Fact Quiz

Re: Approval Letter For The Butte Priority Soils Operable Unit (Bpsou) Draft Final Unreclaimed Sites: Ur-42 Site Evaluation Summary Report (Sesr) (Dated July 22, 2026), Molly Roby

Silver Bow Creek/Butte Area Superfund Site

No abstract provided.