Digital Commons Network^™

Machine-Learning-Aided Design Optimization Of Internal Flow Channel Cross-Sections, Saeel S. Pai, Justin Weibel

CTRC Research Publications

No abstract provided.

Communicating About Extreme Heat: Results From Card Sorting And Think Aloud Interviews With Experts From Differing Domains, Jeannette Sutton, Nicholas Waugh, Savannah Olivas

Emergency Preparedness, Homeland Security, and Cybersecurity Faculty Scholarship

Climate trends indicate that extreme heat events are becoming more common and more severe over time, requiring improved strategies to communicate heat risk and protective actions. However, there exists a disconnect in heat-related communication from experts, who commonly include heat related jargon (i.e., technical language), to decision makers and the general public. The use of jargon has been shown to reduce meaningful engagement with and understanding of messages written by experts. Translating technical language into comprehensible messages that encourage decision makers to take action has been identified as a priority to enable impact-based decision support. Knowing what concepts and terms …

Student Teachers’ Classroom Impact During Their Practicum In The Times Of The Pandemic, Francisco Ramos, Laura Alonso-Díaz, Gemma Delicado-Puerto, Cristina Manchado-Nieto

School of Education Faculty Works

The COVID-19 pandemic impacted societal structures worldwide. In the educational realm, the forced closure, and subsequent reopening of school settings disrupted the personal and professional lives of administrators, teachers, parents, and students. Two groups of Spanish stakeholders affected by the return to face-to-face instruction during the pandemic were the University of Extremadura’s student teachers and their mentors during the practicum, as student teaching is known in Spain. This study investigated 28 student teachers’ and 26 mentors’ responses to a questionnaire enquiring on the main challenges resulting from the pandemic, as well as student teachers’ contributions to the classroom during this …

Digitalisation Touches Everything, Havovi Joshi

Asian Management Insights

Digitalisation touches everything

How Boards Can Up Their Digital Game, Terence Quek

Asian Management Insights

Board leaders need to keep up with the accelerating rate of change.

Weingarten Surfaces: Curvature Flows And Stationary Properties, Morgan Robson

Theses

This work considers two related topics: Weingarten surfaces and classical curvature flows. The former being the stationary solutions of the latter. Firstly, the Weingarten relations satisfied by rotationally symmetric Weingarten surfaces in Euclidean 3-space E3 are considered from three perspectives: Restrictions on the slope of the relation at umbilic points, the action of SL2(R) as fractional-linear transformations on curvature space, and variational formulations for the relations. Concerning the first, bounds are obtained on the slope of a relation in terms of the fall-off of the astigmatism at an umbilic point. For the second, the action of SL2(R) on curvature space …

Science Assessments As A Learning Opportunity: Feedforward With Multiple Attempts, Emily Faulconer

Publications

Feedback best practices support timely, high-quality feedback with application opportunity. Multiple attempts on assessments support learning gains. A learning management system can be used to automatically provide feedback for application on a future assessment attempt. Current research has not thoroughly investigated the student impacts or opinions on this combined strategy. In this study, students took a second attempt 46% of the time, scoring an average of 10.1% higher on their second attempt. More than 60% of students who failed their first attempt completed a second attempt. Students perceived the feedback as useful in preparing for their second attempt. Future research …

Exploring And Repairing Gender Fairness Violations In Word Embedding-Based Sentiment Analysis Model Through Adversarial Patches, Lin Sze Khoo, Jia Qi Bay, Ming Lee Kimberly Yap, Mei Kuan Lim, Chun Yong Chong, Zhou Yang, David Lo

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

With the advancement of sentiment analysis (SA) models and their incorporation into our daily lives, fairness testing on these models is crucial, since unfair decisions can cause discrimination to a large population. Nevertheless, some challenges in fairness testing include the unknown oracle, the difficulty in generating suitable test inputs, and the lack of a reliable way of fixing the issues. To fill in these gaps, BiasRV, a tool based on metamorphic testing (MT), was introduced and succeeded in uncovering fairness issues in a transformer-based model. However, the extent of unfairness in other SA models has not been thoroughly investigated. Our …

Evaluating The Relationship Between Circadian Rhythms And Sleep, Metabolic And Cardiovascular Disorders: Current Clinical Evidence In Human Studies, Maria Mentzelou, Sousana K. Papadopoulou, Dimitrios Papandreou, Maria Spanoudaki, Antonios Dakanalis, Georgios K. Vasios, Gavriela Voulgaridou, Eleni Pavlidou, Maria Mantzorou, Constantinos Giaginis

All Works

Circadian rhythms are generated by the circadian clock, a self-sustained internal timing system that exhibits 24-h rhythms in the body. Many metabolic, cellular, behavioral and physiological processes are regulated by the circadian clock in coordination with environmental cues. The present study is a comprehensive review of the currently existing evidence concerning the relationship between circadian rhythms and sleep, metabolic, and cardiovascular disorders. We thoroughly searched the online databases PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science to find the existing clinical studies from the last twenty-three years (2000–2023). Circadian misalignment was found to be associated with an increase in the risk of …

Ignatius Of Loyola And C.S. Lewis I Dialogue On Discernment, Ramon Mikhail Paulo E. Nicdao

Loyola Papers

This paper places Ignatius of Loyola and C. S. Lewis in dialogue on the theme of spiritual discernment. Through a reading of The Screwtape Letters alongside the Spiritual Exercises, it explores how Ignatian discernment especially consolation and desolation—illuminates the spiritual dynamics portrayed in Lewis’s narrative. By integrating narrative criticism and Ignatian spirituality, the study demonstrates how literary fiction can reveal theological insights and assist contemporary readers in discerning spiritual movements in everyday life.

Effect Of Limb Rotation On Measurements Of Equine Metacarpophalangeal Radiographs, Abdulrhman Alrtib, Mohamed Abushhiwa, Aiman Oheida, Helen Davies

Mansoura Veterinary Medical Journal

Objective: Metacarpophalangeal joint (MCPJ) radiographic parameters were developed to evaluate MCPJ conformation of equine forelimbs, but the effect of joint rotation during radiography on these parameters has not been reported. The current study examined the effect of the rotation around the vertical axis of MCPJ on 27 MCPJ parameters (12 angles and 15 ratios) and identified the acceptable range of rotation at which minimal amount of changes occurred in these parameters.Design: Descriptive studyAnimals: MCPJs of seven right forelimbs from seven different horses with no MCPJ abnormalities.Procedures: MCPJs of seven right equine forelimbs were loaded in a load cell to obtain …

“It Helped Us More Than I Could Have Imagined”: How The 2021 Expanded Child Tax Credit Supported Families Raising Children With Disabilities, Laura Brugger, Stephen Roll, Leah Hamilton, Allyson Baughman, Meg Comeau, Candace Jarzombeck, Caroline Parker

Social Policy Institute Research

The 2021 expanded Child Tax Credit (CTC) provided temporary enhancements to the existing CTC for the tax years 2021 and 2022. Under the expanded credit, families with children under the age of 18 were eligible to receive a credit of up to $3,000 per child ($3,600 for children under the age of 6). In addition, half the credit was paid out on a monthly basis rather than as a one-time payment at tax time. This provision was designed to provide more immediate financial support to families with children during the COVID-19 pandemic. However, it also supported families who were at …

How Coteaching Impacts Student Academic Growth In Elementary School, Sally-Rose Cragin

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

The purpose of this study is to determine the effects of co-teaching on the academic achievement of elementary students in English Language Arts (ELA). The current body of research related to co-teaching is primarily qualitative and mostly inconclusive (Hurd & Weilbacher 2017). After the reauthorization of the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA) in 2004, it is vital for educational institutions to implement research-based practices to support students with and without disabilities in their Least Restrictive Environments (LRE). This study took a quantitative approach and utilized a causal-comparative design to answer the question: How does a co-taught classroom in comparison …

The Anchor: March 2023, Hope College

The Anchor: 2023

The Anchor began in 1887 and was first issued weekly in 1914. Covering national and campus news alike, Hope College’s student-run newspaper has grown over the years to encompass over two-dozen editors, reporters, and staff. For much of The Anchor's history, the latest issue was distributed across campus each Wednesday throughout the academic school year (with few exceptions). In recent years The Anchor moved to monthly print issues and a more frequently updated website. The Anchor is now published in print twice per academic semester. Occasionally, the volume and/or issue numbering is irregular.

Sexual Activity Of Older Adults: Let’S Talk About It, Janie Steckenrider

Political Science and International Relations Faculty Works

No abstract provided.

Blockchains As Infrastructure And Semicommons, James Grimmelmann, A. Jason Windawi

William & Mary Law Review

Blockchains are not self-executing machines. They are resource systems designed by people, maintained by people, and governed by people. Their technical protocols help to solve some difficult problems in shared resource management, but behind those protocols there are always communities of people struggling with familiar challenges in governing their provision and use of common infrastructure.

In this Article, we describe blockchains as shared, distributed transactional ledgers using two frameworks from commons theory. Brett Frischmann’s theory of infrastructure provides an external view, showing how blockchains provide useful, generic infrastructure for recording transactions and why that infrastructure is most naturally made available …

Blockchain Real Estate And Nfts, Juliet M. Moringiello, Christopher K. Odinet

William & Mary Law Review

Non-fungible tokens (popularly known as NFTs) and blockchains are frequently promoted as the solution to a multitude of property ownership problems. The promise of an immutable blockchain is often touted as a mechanism to resolve disputes over intangible rights, notably intellectual property rights, and even to facilitate quicker and easier real estate transactions.

In this Symposium Article, we question the use of distributed ledger technologies as a method of facilitating and verifying the transfer of physical assets. As our example of an existing transfer method, we use real property law, which is characterized by centuries-old common law rules regarding fractionalized …

Emerging Technology's Language Wars: Cryptocurrency, Carla L. Reyes

William & Mary Law Review

Work at the intersection of blockchain technology and law suffers from a distinct linguistic disadvantage. As a highly interdisciplinary area of inquiry, legal researchers, lawmakers, researchers in the technical sciences, and the public all talk past each other, using the same words, but as different terms of art. Evidence of these language wars largely derives from anecdote. To better assess the nature and scope of the problem, this Article uses corpus linguistics to reveal the inherent value conflicts embedded in definitional differences and debates related to developing regulation in one specific area of the blockchain technology ecosystem: cryptocurrency. Using cryptocurrency …

Worldview Themes Among Arab Muslim Women, Linda Smith

Journal of Adventist Mission Studies

No abstract provided.

Political Polarization: Psychological Explanations And Potential Solutions, Jennifer K. Robbennolt

Nevada Law Journal

Deep disagreement can characterize public and private discussions of controversial policy issues. Differences in approach, understanding of the facts, and perceptions of each other can lead to contentious and unproductive debate, entrenched animosity, and the escalation of conflict. The psychological roots of these patterns are deep. But psychology also offers some lessons about how we might foster more constructive engagement across difference.

150 Years On: Common Sense Updates To The Mining Law Of 1872 To Address Our Changing Climate, Jake Ward-Herzik

Nevada Law Journal

No abstract provided.

Preventing A (Replication) Crisis In The Courtroom, Kaitlin Mccormick-Huhn

Nevada Law Journal

No abstract provided.

Decomposition Of The Skin-Friction Coefficient Of Compressible Boundary Layers, Dongdong Xu, Pierre Ricco, Lian Duan

Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

We derive an integral formula for the skin-friction coefficient of compressible boundary layers by extending the formula of Elnahhas and Johnson ["On the enhancement of boundary layer skin friction by turbulence: An angular momentum approach, "J. Fluid Mech. 940, A36 (2022)] for incompressible boundary layers. The skin-friction coefficient is decomposed into the sum of the contributions of the laminar coefficient, the change of the dynamic viscosity with the temperature, the Favre-Reynolds stresses, and the mean flow. This decomposition is applied to numerical data for laminar and turbulent boundary layers, and the role of each term on the wall-shear stress is …

Urologic Sequelae Following Phalloplasty: An Explanation Of Common Complications Following Transmale Gender Affirmation Surgery, Michelle Kittleman

Theses

Medical advancement and societal acceptance in recent years has paved the way for gender affirmation surgery to become a growing subspecialty, with more transgender individuals seeking permanent methods to treating gender dysphoria. In a 2016 report from the American Society of Plastic Surgeons (ASPS), there had been a 20% increase in female-to-male gender affirmation surgeries over the past year, totaling over 1,700 surgeries (Schardein, 2020). Those seeking genital gender affirmation surgery, also known as ‘bottom’ surgery (Puckett, 2018), often have goals pertaining to the ability to urinate upright, with secondary goals relating to sexual penetration functions. Gender reconstruction procedures, such …

A Response To Rules Of Medical Necessity, Brendan S. Maher

Faculty Scholarship

Professors Monahan and Schwarcz’s recent Article in the Iowa Law Review, Rules of Medical Necessity, is a must-read for multiple audiences. In this short Response, I informally describe health insurance, and—using that perspective—describe and comment on why Rules of Medical Necessity is a piece of work that not only deserves attention from experts in the field, but is also one that casual readers should choose first when attempting to understand how health insurance works in theory and practice.

The Legal Ethics Of Family Separation, Milan Markovic

Faculty Scholarship

On April 6, 2018, the Trump administration announced a “zero tolerance” policy for individuals who crossed the U.S. border illegally. As part of this policy, the administration prosecuted parents with minor children for unlawful entry; previous administrations generally placed families in civil removal proceedings. Since U.S. law does not allow children to be held in immigration detention facilities pending their parents’ prosecution, the new policy caused thousands of children to be separated from their parents. Hundreds of families have yet to be reunited.

Despite a consensus that the family separation policy was cruel and ineffective, there has been minimal focus …

Defeating De Facto Disenfranchisement Of Criminal Defendants, Neil Sobol

Faculty Scholarship

In a democracy, voting is not only an important civic duty but also a right that governments owe to their citizens. However, by operation of law, forty-eight states deny voting rights to individuals based on criminal convictions. Activists and scholars attack de jure disenfranchisement as an improper collateral consequence that disproportionately impacts people of color. Although recent years show substantial reforms to reenfranchise defendants, an estimated 5.17 million defendants remained ineligible to vote in 2020.

While efforts to address de jure disenfranchisement remain necessary, a problem that has received considerably less attention is the de facto disenfranchisement of criminal defendants …

Alegaatr The Bandit, Ethan Pedersen

Theses and Dissertations

One design strategy for developing intelligent agents is to create N distinct behaviors. At each time step during task execution, the agent, or bandit, chooses which of the N behaviors to use. Traditional bandit algorithms often (1) assume the environment is stationary, (2) focus on asymptotic performance, and (3) do not incorporate external information available to them. Each of these simplifications limits these algorithms such that they often cannot be used successfully in practice. In this paper, we propose a new algorithm, called AlegAATr, as a step toward overcoming these deficiencies. AlegAATr utilizes a technique called Assumption-Alignment Tracking (AAT), proposed …

The Effect Of Nondiagnostic Information On Internal Auditor Skepticism: Capturing The Dilution Effect, Joseph Anthony Giordano

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Internal auditors assigned to assess internal controls over financial reporting incorporate irrelevant information into their judgment, showing decreased skepticism when irrelevant information contradicts preconceived stereotypes of management, known as the dilution effect and attributed to the representativeness heuristic. Irrelevant information consistent with preconceived stereotypes does not decrease skepticism. In this experiment practicing internal auditors are provided an irrelevant description of the Chief Information Officer portrayed as either gregarious or introverted then subsequently receive relevant internal controls information. When the Chief Information Officer is described as gregarious, counter to common stereotypes, internal auditors assess risk as less likely to occur compared …

Description Of Reaction And Vibrational Energetics Of Co2-Nh3interaction Using Quantum Computing Algorithms, Manh Tien Nguyen, Yueh-Lin Lee, Dominic Alfonso, Qing Shao, Yuhua Duan

Markey Cancer Center Faculty Publications

CO2 capture is critical to solving global warming. Amine-based solvents are extensively used to chemically absorb CO2. Thus, it is crucial to study the chemical absorption of CO2 by amine-based solvents to better understand and optimize CO2 capture processes. Here, we use quantum computing algorithms to quantify molecular vibrational energies and reaction pathways between CO2 and a simplified amine-based solvent model—NH3. Molecular vibrational properties are important to understanding kinetics of reactions. However, the molecule size correlates with the strength of anharmonicity effect on vibrational properties, which can be challenging to address using classical computing. Quantum computing can help enhance molecular …