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Broadening The Impact Of Course-Based Research Experiences: Integration Of Clinically-Based Research Into Undergraduate Kinesiology Education, Candice G. French

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Course-Based Research Experiences (CBREs) have demonstrated significant benefits in undergraduate science education across various disciplines. PURPOSE: This study integrates insights from Shaw JM et al.'s investigation into engaging undergraduate kinesiology students in clinically-based research, with earlier findings from Jordan TC et al. and Brownell SE et al., to evaluate the multidisciplinary impact of CBREs on student learning, skills, and perceptions of scientific research. METHODS: Shaw JM et al. extended the CBRE model into kinesiology, focusing on clinically-based research to engage students in hands-on, practical investigations relevant to human health and exercise science. This approach was analyzed alongside the …

Effect Of The Physical Inactivity Duration On Postprandial Lipid Metabolism The Morning After Exercise, Jieting Wang, Chelsea Merseal, Hadi Fareed, Remzi Satiroglu, Edward Coyle

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

In physically active people (e.g., ~8,000 steps/d), an acute bout of exercise improves postprandial fat metabolism when measured the morning after exercise. However, in people who have been inactive for more than two days, the acute bout of exercise does not improve postprandial fat metabolism as reflected by a greater increase in plasma triglyceride concentration and a reduced whole body fat oxidation. This phenomenon whereby fat metabolism is suppressed by prior inactivity is termed ‘exercise resistance’. PURPOSE: The purpose was to determine if shorter periods (i.e., less than two days) of inactivity (i.e., 12, 24, 36 h) induce ‘exercise …

Salivary C-Reactive Protein And Cortisol Analysis In Collegiate Female Lacrosse Athletes During A 2-Game Week, Kelsi R. Lambright, Stephanie Mathews, Jennifer A. Bunn

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Cortisol (CORT) and C-reactive protein (CRP) are two indicators of stress and are linked to tissue inflammation and illness. Increased stress and inflammation have been shown to decrease cognitive functioning, leading to diminished performance for athletes. Subjectively, athletes indicate fluctuations in stress, but few studies have assessed the physiological response of training and competition in elite female athletes. PURPOSE: The primary aim was to assess the acute response of CORT and CRP in Division I female lacrosse athletes during a high-stress week, including two games and three practices during the competitive season. The secondary aim was to assess the …

The Effect Of Vision On Isokinetic Muscular Power, Mika Weaver, Casi Helbig, Patrick Cereceres

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Isokinetic muscular power is the ability to generate force at a constant speed. PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of vision on isokinetic muscular power. METHODS: Participants in this study consisted of twenty-four students from Texas Lutheran University (18 male and 6 female). The mean age was 18.8 with a standard deviation of 1.18. The mean height was 68.67 inches with a standard deviation of 4.26. The mean weight was 177.65 lbs with a standard deviation of 41.06. Subjects met at the Kieffer Kinesiology Laboratory to perform two tests on two different days. …

Comparison Of Oxygen Consumption In 4-Second Sprint Interval Exercise With Varied Intensity And Rest Period, Remzi Satiroglu, Christos Kyrillou, Jieting Wang, Edward Coyle

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Sprint interval training (SIT) is usually performed at maximal ‘all-out’ intensities, that are 5-8-times higher than the power needed to elicit VO_2peak. However, the %VO_2peak associated with repeated submaximal power sprints (%P_max), particularly when paired with varying rest periods, remains unknown. Investigating the %VO_2peak in repeated submaximal power sprints is pivotal, enabling the personalization of workout routines to specific training goals.

PURPOSE: The aim of this study was to systematically investigate the acute physiological responses induced by three levels of %P_max intensities (50%, 75%, and 100% of P_max) with three varying …

Human Electrical Brain Dynamics During Locomotor Obstacle Avoidance In Virtual Reality, Carter L. Hartman, Yu-Po Cheng, Andrew Nordin

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Visually identifying and avoiding obstacles encountered during walking is crucial for navigating real world environments. Motor deficits that affect gait and balance, and changes due to aging, can increase fall risk. There is a needed to better understand the complex relationships between gaze behaviors of the eye and electrical brain dynamics during locomotor obstacle avoidance. Virtual reality provides nearly limitless opportunities to create experimentally controlled, complex, realistic environments to study human behaviors, such as locomotion. PURPOSE: Our aim was to identify human electrocortical dynamics during walking and obstacle avoidance in virtual reality, to better understand visually guided human locomotor …

Relationship Among Cognitive Performance, Physical Activity (Pa), Demographic, And Individual Lifestyle Characteristics Among Aging Hispanic Population, Bryan Mixumi, Ulku Karabulut, Imtiaz M. Dowllah, Murat Karabulut

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

PURPOSE: To investigate the association among different intensity and duration of physical activity (PA), cognitive domains (executive function, processing speed, and memory), and demographic and lifestyle characteristics of aging Hispanic population. PA has been identified as a promising non-pharmaceutical preventative intervention for Alzheimer disease and other dementias. This study aims to provide a better understanding of the effects of different intensities of PA on cognitive performances of aging Hispanic population. METHODS: For this study, 441 Hispanic (age ≥60) participants’ data from NHANES (2011-2014) were analyzed. The NCHS Research Ethics Review Board approved the protocol, and all data collection performed by …

Once-Weekly Single-Set Resistance Training Improves Body Composition And Muscular Strength In Older Adults, Tyler M. Weiss, Malcolm T. Whitehead

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

The loss of muscle mass associated with aging, known as sarcopenia, is a public health issue among the older population. Physical activity, in particular resistance training, has been shown to be an effective treatment in countering age-related muscle loss. Time is a primary barrier for adhering to an exercise program, and a time-efficient training modality may be useful for older individuals who perceive time as a barrier to exercise. The Exercise is Medicine Initiative encourages physicians and other health care providers to include physical activity when designing treatment plans. PURPOSE: The purpose of the investigation was to determine whether once-weekly …

Relationship Between Body Composition, Body Fat Distribution, And Blood Lipids Among Law Enforcement Officers: Part 1, Jacob Broeckel, Megan Leonard, Anisha Patel, Broderick L. Dickerson, Ryan J. Sowinski, Matthew J. Mcallister, Drew E. Gonzalez, Steven E. Martin

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Law enforcement officers (LEOs) have a high-stress occupation which is prone to cardiovascular disease (CVD). In fact, data suggest that LEOs have a 1.7-fold higher CVD prevalence versus the general public, in addition to 40.5% of LEOs being classified as obese. However, research is lacking regarding the relationship between body composition, body fat distribution, and blood lipid panels as it pertains to CVD risk in LEOs. PURPOSE: To determine if body composition and fat distribution measures correlate with predictive lipid markers in LEOs. METHODS: Forty-three LEOs (age = 41.7±9.6 yrs; weight = 91.9±15.4 kg; height = 179.8±8.7 cm; …

Once-Weekly Single-Set Resistance Training Improves Perceived Physical Function And Energy/Fatigue In Older Adults, Julia Martin, Tyler Weiss, Robyn Whitehead, Malcom Whitehead

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Lack of energy, fear of discomfort/pain, time, motivation, and psychological considerations are among the barriers that inhibit the participation of older individuals in regular physical activity. Participation in physical activity has been demonstrated to help with the maintenance of physical, cognitive, and emotional health. The Exercise is Medicine Initiative is managed by the American College of Sports Medicine the purpose of which is to make physical activity assessment and promotion a standard in clinical care. This initiative encourages physicians and other health care providers to include physical activity when designing treatment plans. PURPOSE: The purpose of the project was to …

Exploring The Language Barrier In Healthcare For Individuals Of Latino Heritage, Heriberto Torres, Michael W. Olson

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Latinos are the largest minority group in the United States; despite this, they are the least likely ethnic and racial group to visit a healthcare provider. PURPOSE: The purpose of this research is to explore the barriers of individuals of Latino descent seeking healthcare services. The motivation for this research is to bring awareness to the most prevalent barriers and identify possible solutions to the healthcare community to increase the presence of the Latino community in healthcare services.. METHODS: The experimental design is a survey comprising two major types of questions. The first type of questions are aimed …

Measures Of Center Of Pressure And Lower Leg Muscle Electromyography During Landing Before And After Plantar Flexor Stretch, Connor Hill, Brittany Coltrain, Michael Olson

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Static stretching of the plantar flexor muscles is reported to modify neuromuscular responses to external stimuli. However, it is not known how these muscles respond to external loading in an applied task, such as single-leg drops. Further, if mechanical laxity in the plantar flexor muscles is present after stretching of it is unclear how this laxity will influence the muscle activation and movement patterns of the lower extremities. PURPOSE: This study is intended to further explore the response of the lower extremities to plantar flexor muscle stretch in an effort to understand its impact on potential injury. METHODS: …

Modified Torque Output And Lower Leg Muscle Electromyography After Passive Stretching, Brittany Coltrain, Connor Hill, Michael W. Olson

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Increased stretch of the plantar flexor muscles is reported to increase tissue laxity of the tendons and reduces force output, but in other studies the tendon biomechanical properties are not affected and force output is not changed after stretch. PURPOSE: To examine the force output and muscle electromyography activity of lower leg muscles to a prolonged passive stretch. METHODS: Five participants (20.6 ± 1.1 yrs: 1.78 ± 0.1 m:, 80.6 ± 9.9 kg) performed maximal plantar and dorsi flexion isometrically while secured to an isokinetic dynamometer. They were seated upright with ~90 deg hip flexion. The knee was …

Biomechanical Assessment Of Footwear And Foot Landing Types In Collegiate Female Runners At Preferred Running Speed, Shivaniba Gohil, Michael W. Olson

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Barefoot and shod running with conditions at heel landing and forefoot landing has implications on running biomechanics. PURPOSE: To investigate the impact of two footwear and two foot landing type conditions on lower limb and lumbar acceleration and kinematics. METHODS: Six collegiate female runners (20.6 ± 1.5 yrs, 58.6 ± 4.7 kg, 1.63 ± 0.05 m) performed running trials on a motorized treadmill. Their averaging running volume was 49.6 ± 31.5 km/wk (range: 16.1 – 80.5 km/wk). Inertial measuring units (IMUs) (370 Hz), containing triaxial accelerometers (1g = 9.81 m/s/s) and gyroscopes (deg/s), were secured on the foot/shoe …

Quantifying The Chronic Thermoregulatory Adaptations In Hot Repair Work Team Members At Vitro Architectural Glass, Breanna Leary

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Extended exposure to elevated temperatures and thermal conditions or environments can lead to extreme elevations in the body’s core temperature, heart rate, heat perception, and sweat loss. Subsequently, this leads to a decrease in physical mobility, cognitive function, and alertness, therefore, negatively impacting work efficiency and safety. Due to the demands of their job, members of the hot repair team at Vitro Architectural glass are exposed to high (140 to 160°F) ambient temperatures and physically demanding work on a regular basis. These conditions make normal working activities incredibly challenging, and have resulted in heat related illnesses (HRI) in the past. …

Knee Joint Degeneration In 22-Year-Old Collegiate Soccer Player, Abigail Nemec, Nathalie Caldwell

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

CASE HISTORY: Patient was a 22-year-old DIII soccer player in the left back position. She has experienced chronic bilateral knee pain since her junior year of high school with an insidious onset of injury. She began training to return to play in the summer of 2022 and received multiple types of therapy to alleviate pain including cupping of hamstrings and quadriceps, TFL release, patellar tendon treatment, dry needling, ultrasound, combo, and KT taping for patellar tracking. At the first fall scrimmage, she began experiencing severe pain rated at a 9/10. The patient was referred to an orthopedic physician when …

Effect Of Running Surface On 40-Yard Dash Times In High School Football Players, Francis B. Sanchez, John D. Smith

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

PURPOSE: To allow further examination in how different running surfaces affect sprinting times of 40-yard dashes for high school football players. This can add to the literature due to there being a limited amount of research available for this age group compared to their collegiate and professional counterparts. METHODS: Fifteen participants (ages 17-18 years, 68.9±3.0 inches, 176.4±56.1 lbs) were randomly ordered for grass, turf, and track trials. 40 yards were measured using the Measure app (iPhone) on each surface. The Jawku timing system was stationed at the finish, participants were positioned in a staggered 2-pt stance, and started …

Impact Of Menstrual Cycle On Submaximal Exercise Vo2 And Critical Power In Active Eumenorrheic Females, Emma W. Ware, Adelle Kanaan, Erika R. Zoellner, Catherine Mbango, Deltra Muoki, Wayne Brewer, Mindy Patterson, Derek Miketinas, Siddhartha Angadi Facsm, Brandon J. Sawyer, Glenn A. Gaesser Facsm, Wesley J. Tucker

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

The effects of the menstrual cycle (MC) on exercise metabolism and performance are equivocal. PURPOSE: To investigate whether the MC impacted submaximal exercise oxygen consumption (VO₂) and Critical Power (CP) in recreationally active, eumenorrheic females. METHODS: Eight eumenorrheic females (Age: 33±8 y, VO_2max: 36.9±3.8 ml/kg/min) completed fasted exercise testing in 3 distinct phases of the MC (early follicular, late follicular, and mid luteal). MC phase was determined using calendar-based counting, ovulation test strips, and confirmed via serum hormones (estrogen and progesterone). For submaximal exercise, participants cycled for 20 min at 50% VO_2max while VO_{2 …}

Effect Of Unweighting Using The Lightspeed Lift On Energy Expenditure During Treadmill Walking And Jogging, Faith R. Ramirez, Danyel Valdez, Araceli Martinez, John D. Smith

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Support and unweighting systems, such as AlterG, are often used in rehabilitation and alternative training, which provide an exercise effect that can minimize fitness- or performance-related loss. PURPOSE: The purpose of this study is to explore the effect of using a treadmill bungee support system (Lightspeed lift) on oxygen consumption (energy expenditure), heart rate, and rating of perceived exertion. METHODS: Twenty-four participants (age (yrs)=22.1±2.9, ht (cm)=169.8±10.1, wt (kg)=76.6±13) completed two trials of walking (3mph) and two trials of jogging (5 mph) with and without support. Data was analyzed with IBM SPSS v27 (Chicago IL). Repeated Measures ANOVA were …

Bilateral Acromioclavicular Sprains, Elizabeth Moreno, Melissa D. Long

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

CASE HISTORY: The patient is a 20-year-old linebacker who sustained two AC sprains in the span of nine days. The patient sustained his right AC sprain by tackling with a lowered shoulder. After he was cleared to play from his first injury, he sustained his second AC sprain nine days after. Interestingly, the second shoulder injury occurred by tackling the same opponent with a lowered shoulder. PHYSICAL EXAM: The athletic training staff assessed the right shoulder immediately after injury and tested his shoulder strength. After examination the athletic training staff came to the conclusion that it was an AC sprain, …

Acute Effects Of Different Volumes Of High-Intensity Interval Training And Continuous Aerobic Exercise In Vascular Reactivity, Josue Reyes, Manuel Gomez, Bailey Ramirez, Jorge De Castro, Esther Afangideh, Daniel Conde, Alvaro N. Gurovich

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Endothelial dysfunction is characterized by the unbalance between vasodilatory and vasoconstrictor mechanisms. Furthermore, this is recognized as the initial step to developing cardiovascular disease. Exercise plays an important role in both cardiac rehabilitation and cardiovascular risk prevention. However, some new exercise modalities, such as high-intensity interval training (HIIT), are becoming more popular, and limited information about their effect on the endothelium is available. PURPOSE: to determine what volume of HIIT will improve endothelial function than continuous moderate exercise intensity. METHODS: Six young apparently healthy subjects were recruited for seven laboratory visits. The first visit included a graded exercise test, in …

Responses Of Inflammatory Biomarkers In Circulation And Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cell To Maximal Exercise With Nasal Breathing, Vineet K. Paidisetty, Jose M. Moris, Yunsuk Koh

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

There is growing interest in utilizing nasal breathing (NB) in exercise routines to improve performance. However, there is uncertainty on the impact of such exercise on inflammatory biomarkers in circulation and peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs), which play a significant role in immune response. PBMCs can undergo functional changes from interactions with exercise-related cytokines, potentially inducing a more efficient immune response. PURPOSE: This study examined the acute responses of pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines in circulation and PBMCs following a maximal exercise with NB. METHODS: Eleven physically healthy, sedentary men (age = 20.63 ± 1.36, BMI = 26.03 ± 3.16 kg/m …

Effects Of Endurance Training On Skeletal Muscle Mass And Inflammation In A Rat Model Of Heart Failure, Aaron Garcia, Dillon Harris, Quinten Pigg, Daniela Sayuri Inoue, Mariana Janini Gomes

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Chronic disease states including heart failure (HF) often lead to reduced physical activity, resulting in disuse and low-level systemic inflammation, which contribute to the decline in muscle mass and function. An important goal of therapy in HF patients is to counteract or prevent the development of skeletal muscle alterations in order to restore a normal functional capacity. Exercise is an established means of improving exercise capacity and quality of life in patients with HF. Therefore, we aimed to evaluate the impact of an endurance program on skeletal muscle mass and inflammation in a rat model of pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH)-induced …

Creatinine Is A Sensitive Blood Biomarker For Muscular Strength And Power In College Students, Ronaldo Garza, Jane Sequeira, Matthew P. Gonzalez, Enrique Rios, Giles J. Andrews Iii, Emily Getreu, Sandor Dorgo, Kelly Cheever, Tianou Zhang

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Creatinine is a chemical metabolic product of creatine phosphate from skeletal muscle metabolism, and it is an indicator of muscular functions in athletic and physically active population. However, creatinine’s association with human performance remains yet to be explored. Understanding this correlation may help to identify a sensitive biomarker predicting muscular strength and powers in college students. PURPOSE: To explore the correlations between plasma creatinine and muscle strength and power tests, including broad jump (BJ), vertical jump (VJ), isometric mid-thigh pulls (IMTP) and hand grip strength (HGS). METHODS: 18 college students were recruited (Male=10, Female=8) and blood samples were collected to …

Greater Macrovascular But Not Microvascular Function In Hispanic Adults, Justo Perez Iii, Randy Liu, Ruby A. Nyarko, Ethan Joergensen, Jasdeep Kaur

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

According to the 2023 AHA Heart Disease and Stroke Statistics update, Hispanics exhibit the highest prevalence of type II diabetes (men: 14.5%, women 12.3%) compared to non-Hispanic White (NHW men: 11.5%, women 7.7%) and Non-Hispanic Black (men: 11.8%, women 13.3%). Endothelial dysfunction is a precursor to cardiovascular diseases including type II diabetes; however, it remains unknown whether healthy asymptomatic Hispanic adults present a reduced endothelial function before the onset of cardiovascular symptoms. Although two previous studies have compared the endothelial function in Hispanic and Non-Hispanic White individuals, these studies included smokers and obese individuals. PURPOSE: To date, no study …

Authenticity Of The Ratio Of Inorganic Phosphate To Phosphocreatine As A Marker For Respiratory Stress During A Maximal Aerobic Exercise, Christian J. Chang, Jose M. Moris, Ryan Curtis, Kylie Allen, Vineet K. Paidisetty, Yunsuk Koh

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Under the context of assessing the effects of mitochondrial stress on skeletal muscles, consideration for the ratio of inorganic phosphate to phosphocreatine (Pi:PCr) may be used as a surrogate marker. Furthermore, assessing the systemic Pi:PCr, under states of high metabolic and respiratory demands with reduced oxygen supply (VO2), such as strenuous exercise while only using nasal breathing (NB), might provide valuable information regarding respiratory strain to a given exercise bout. PURPOSE: To determine if the systemic assessment of the Pi:PCr ratio can serve as an indicator of respiratory stress. METHODS: Fourteen young males (age = 20.57 ± 1.22 …

Relationships Between Body Composition And Game Day Training Load In Ice Hockey Players, Alexandra P. Brojanac, Ruben Moya, Ethan Tinoco, Ciriany Arrazola, Christian Rodriguez, Yasuki Sekiguchi, Grant M. Tinsley

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Body composition can impact physical activities and exercise performance. However, relationships between body composition and workload during ice hockey games remain unknown. PURPOSE: To examine relationships between body composition and game day training load in ice hockey players. METHODS: Eleven highly-trained ice hockey players (10 males, 1 female; mean ± standard deviation; age, 21.73 ± 1.34 yrs.; height, 179.93 ± 8.49 cm; body mass, 76.87 ± 14.38 kg, body fat percentage [BFP]: 18.0 ± 7.9% [mean ± SD]; fat-free mass index [FFMI]: 19.8 ± 2.2 kg/m2) participated in the study. First, participants visited the laboratory to assess their body …

Racial Differences In Cerebral Hemodynamics During Aerobic Exercise, Ziba Taherzadeh, Claire E. Kissel, Taha Alhalimi, Paul J. Fadel

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Young healthy non-Hispanic Black (BL) adults have an attenuated increase in blood flow to working skeletal muscle during exercise compared to non-Hispanic white (WH) adults. Cerebral blood flow also increases during exercise; however, previous work has mainly included WH adults. There are no studies investigating potential differences in cerebral vascular responses to exercise in BL adults. PURPOSE: To compare middle cerebral artery velocity (MCAv) and cerebral vascular conductance index (CVCi) during exercise in BL adults to WH adults. We tested the hypothesis that BL adults have a blunted increase in MCAvmean and CVCi response during light and moderate intensity …

Comparison Of Overground, Motorized Treadmill And Non-Motorized Treadmill Gait, Kevan D. Kennedy, Scott P. Mclean, Emma Williams

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Shaulis et al., (2022) found that walking on a non-motorized treadmill (NMT) elicited greater EMG activity from plantar flexor (PF) muscles compared to walking overground (OG) and on a motorized treadmill (MT). PURPOSE: To compare kinematics, kinetics and EMG in OG, MT, and NMT walking. METHODS: Twenty-one healthy adults (24.4±7.2 yrs, 1.75±0.09 m, 75.4±13.1 kg) completed one trial of walking at 3.0 mph in each of three modes (OG, MT, NMT). All dependent measures were averaged across a minimum of two consecutive gait cycles. Surface EMG of the Gastrocnemius (GA), and Tibialis Anterior (TA) was collected at 1000 …

Observation Of Jump Height, Peak Propulsive Force, Braking Force, And Loading Force In Acrobatics And Tumbling Athletes During A Completive Season: Pilot, Katelyn Kolodziejczyk, Jaci Davis, Alyssa Faterkowski, Nikolas Keratsopoulos, Robert Mills, Jayden Widener, Lemuel W. Taylor Iv, Mandy E. Parra

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Acrobatics and tumbling is a women’s sport comprised of 3 different positions: base, top, and tumbler. Each position endures substantial impact on the musculotendinous unit, however, tumblers experience the greatest lower extremity eccentric impact leading to a high injury rate. Consistent athlete monitoring may lead to injury prevention and better insights into training. PURPOSE: The purpose of this study is to pilot observational differences in jump height (JH), peak propulsive force (PPF), peak braking force (PBF), and peak landing force (PLF) during the counter movement jump (CMJ) in acrobatics and tumbling between tumbler and non-tumbler athletes during a …