Open Access. Powered by Scholars. Published by Universities.®
- Discipline
-
- Physical Sciences and Mathematics (294381)
- Social and Behavioral Sciences (237107)
- Law (171214)
- Education (161434)
- Arts and Humanities (158529)
-
- Medicine and Health Sciences (142380)
- Engineering (121292)
- Life Sciences (104854)
- Computer Sciences (63647)
- Earth Sciences (59523)
- Environmental Sciences (52711)
- Higher Education (50909)
- History (48572)
- Psychology (44749)
- Business (43507)
- Communication (40123)
- Sociology (39196)
- Physics (34270)
- Chemistry (33394)
- Geology (29994)
- Medical Specialties (27526)
- Religion (27270)
- Mathematics (27242)
- Public Health (26620)
- Public Affairs, Public Policy and Public Administration (25930)
- Library and Information Science (25545)
- Electrical and Computer Engineering (24554)
- United States History (20680)
- Mechanical Engineering (20598)
- Plant Sciences (20224)
- Institution
-
- University of Nebraska - Lincoln (51600)
- Western Michigan University (33433)
- University of New Mexico (31120)
- University of Montana (30421)
- University of South Florida (29184)
-
- University of Kentucky (27416)
- Utah State University (26310)
- University of Mississippi (25681)
- Louisiana State University (23451)
- University of New Hampshire (22110)
- Mississippi State University (21398)
- Brigham Young University (21338)
- San Jose State University (19604)
- University of Central Florida (19273)
- Missouri University of Science and Technology (19215)
- Purdue University (18508)
- California Polytechnic State University, San Luis Obispo (18298)
- University of North Dakota (16367)
- City University of New York (CUNY) (15744)
- TÜBİTAK (15009)
- Old Dominion University (14984)
- Eastern Illinois University (14573)
- Walden University (14375)
- University of Northern Iowa (14073)
- Portland State University (13951)
- University of South Carolina (13820)
- Nova Southeastern University (13583)
- Western Kentucky University (13351)
- Virginia Commonwealth University (13191)
- Singapore Management University (13124)
- Keyword
-
- Newspaper (25659)
- Education (13694)
- Student newspaper (11821)
- Humans (9117)
- Spartan Daily (8153)
-
- History (7941)
- Bowling Green State University (7666)
- Higher education (7133)
- EIU (7055)
- Newspapers (6910)
- Newsletter (6574)
- Eastern Illinois University (6448)
- Daily Eastern News (6306)
- Students (6176)
- Faculty (6124)
- BG News (5994)
- COVID-19 (5700)
- Student newspapers (5446)
- College student newspapers and periodicals (5411)
- Student life (5300)
- Pennsylvania (5205)
- Student Newspaper (5184)
- Gender (5006)
- Collegeville (4921)
- Female (4846)
- Periodicals (4846)
- United States (4788)
- Women (4740)
- Mental health (4628)
- B.G. News (4594)
- Publication Year
-
- 2026 (49573)
- 2025 (67540)
- 2024 (71457)
- 2023 (70057)
- 2022 (74027)
-
- 2021 (84194)
- 2020 (69209)
- 2019 (65567)
- 2018 (63849)
- 2017 (61522)
- 2016 (59806)
- 2015 (55256)
- 2014 (53433)
- 2013 (50102)
- 2012 (49160)
- 2011 (42266)
- 2010 (39208)
- 2009 (35205)
- 2008 (32259)
- 2007 (29683)
- 2006 (27743)
- 2005 (25168)
- 2004 (22850)
- 2003 (20585)
- 2002 (19089)
- 2001 (17830)
- 2000 (17564)
- 1999 (15987)
- 1998 (15780)
- 1997 (15355)
- Publication
-
- Theses and Dissertations (47978)
- Electronic Theses and Dissertations (23482)
- Faculty Publications (21868)
- Theses (16575)
- Dissertations (15781)
-
- Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies (13486)
- Sheet Music Collection (12974)
- Masters Theses (12097)
- Legacy Scout Tickets from Pure Oil Company (11044)
- Montana Kaimin, 1898-present (9807)
- IGC Proceedings (1977-2023) (9261)
- Master's Theses (9033)
- Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems (8651)
- Faculty Scholarship (8532)
- USF Tampa Graduate Theses and Dissertations (8239)
- Articles (7754)
- Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD) (7647)
- Spartan Daily (School of Journalism and Mass Communications) (7609)
- Graduate Theses and Dissertations (7596)
- Honors Theses (7220)
- Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD) (6951)
- Daily Mississippian (all digitized issues) (6909)
- Thin Sections (6677)
- Doctoral Dissertations and Projects (6385)
- BG News (Student Newspaper) (6063)
- Graduate Student Theses, Dissertations, & Professional Papers (5911)
- All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023 (5818)
- Doctoral Dissertations (5718)
- Open Access Dissertations (5546)
- Dissertations and Theses (5119)
- Publication Type
Articles 161911 - 161940 of 1826533
Full-Text Articles in Entire DC Network
Harvest Workers Ministry: Creating Passionate Life-Long Disciples By Nurturing Faith Development And Individual Callings Of Adolescents, Sam Wolowski
Christian Ministries Senior Capstone
“6 out of 10 twentysomethings who were involved in church during their teen years will fail to maintain their active spirituality during their years of adulthood” (Robbins 17). Even the majority of adolescents involved in the church eventually separate from their faith and faith community. David Kinnaman, the president of Barna Group, explains that more than 50 percent of teenagers and young adults who are not committed Christians report that their former faith community (e.g., church, parish, etc.) did not help them understand their purpose and view their gifts and passions as part of God’s calling (159). The separation of …
The In Vitro Investigation Of Natural Products And Derivative Compounds As Potential Treatment Of Colorectal Cancer, Dominick C. Buccitti Iii
The In Vitro Investigation Of Natural Products And Derivative Compounds As Potential Treatment Of Colorectal Cancer, Dominick C. Buccitti Iii
Master’s Theses - College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences
Objectives: To design analogs of natural products with known anticancer and anti-inflammatory activities. Then assess the effects of the compounds on the cell viability of the HCT116 colorectal cancer cell line. Rationale: Analogs of natural products isolated from plants consumed in our diet and with reported anticancer activity, will potentially have activity against colorectal cancer. Methods: Analogs of stilbenes and anethole were synthesized in one step through Wittig reactions. Analogs of caffeic acid were synthesized in one-step reactions using caffeic acid as starting material, N, N′-Dicyclohexylcarbodiimide (DCC) and amines of varying sizes and polarities. The compounds were isolated using automated …
Synthesis Of Novel 5-Ht7 Receptor Agonists And The Potential Pharmacological Effect On Autism Spectrum Disorder, Hallie Robertson
Synthesis Of Novel 5-Ht7 Receptor Agonists And The Potential Pharmacological Effect On Autism Spectrum Disorder, Hallie Robertson
Master’s Theses - College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences
Previous studies have found that Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) has been linked to Serotonin Receptor 7 (5-HT7) agonism. Activation of this receptor has been linked to reduction in repetitive and restrictive behaviors often associated with Autism Spectrum Disorder. Known 5-HT7 agonists have only partial agonism or are nonspecific to the 5-HT7 receptor, therefore, optimization of these structures is needed for potentially greater pharmacological effects. This article focuses on the design and synthesis of 10 novel compounds, and their pharmacological evaluation of novel compounds as potential 5-HT7 agonists. In total, ten novel compounds were synthesized. We are pleased to report that …
Soft Non-Violent Restraints, Kaitlyn Lomino Rn, Dan Scheuer Rn
Soft Non-Violent Restraints, Kaitlyn Lomino Rn, Dan Scheuer Rn
Vizient/ AACN Nurse Residency Program™ EBP Projects
No abstract provided.
2024 Research Day Program, Lincoln Memorial University
2024 Research Day Program, Lincoln Memorial University
Research Day
This program contains abstracts and presentation summaries from LMU's 2024 Annual Research Day conference.
Vas Annual Meeting Program Committee
Vas Annual Meeting Program Committee
Virginia Journal of Science
List of members of the VAS Annual Meeting Program Committee.
Schedule Of Events - Vas Centennial Meeting
Schedule Of Events - Vas Centennial Meeting
Virginia Journal of Science
Schedule of Events for the Centennial Annual Meeting of the Virginia Academy of Science, 2023.
Georgia’S Deportation Of The Creeks And Cherokees: A Prelude To The Trail Of Tears, Sean Michael Ahearn Ii
Georgia’S Deportation Of The Creeks And Cherokees: A Prelude To The Trail Of Tears, Sean Michael Ahearn Ii
History & Classics Undergraduate Theses
This thesis follows the story of the forced deportation of two Native American groups, the Creeks and the Cherokees, from the state of Georgia. The Creeks were completely removed from Georgia by January of 1828, two years before Andrew Jackson’s 1830 Indian Removal Act, effectively commencing the removal of all Native Americans to lands west of the Mississippi River, now known as the Trail of Tears. William McIntosh, a Lower Creek chief, worked alongside his cousin, George Troup, the governor of Georgia from 1823 to 1827. McIntosh worked alongside Troup and negotiated land sale deals, known as the Treaties of …
The Whore Queen Of Incestuous Canopus: The Eroticization Of Cleopatra Vii In Roman Literature And Art, Carley M. Medeiros
The Whore Queen Of Incestuous Canopus: The Eroticization Of Cleopatra Vii In Roman Literature And Art, Carley M. Medeiros
History & Classics Undergraduate Theses
HIS 490 History Honors Thesis
The Complicit Canon Of Criminal Law: A Critical Survey Of Syllabi, Casebooks, And Supplemental Materials, Robin Peterson
The Complicit Canon Of Criminal Law: A Critical Survey Of Syllabi, Casebooks, And Supplemental Materials, Robin Peterson
University of Michigan Journal of Law Reform
This Note analyzes the learning objectives, casebook readings, and supplemental sources that thirteen criminal law professors assigned over fifteen years and argues that the current approach to teaching criminal law is complicit in perpetuating the injustices of the American criminal legal system because it fails to adequately interrogate the carceral state and does not prepare students to become ethical practitioners or policymakers of criminal law. This paper calls for a fundamental rethinking of the purpose of teaching criminal law and recommends a reform orientation, which could be implemented through a variety of course structures.
Blood Flow Restriction Therapy: A Review Of Physiology, Clinical Application, And Guidelines For Implementation, Nathan Schuliger
Blood Flow Restriction Therapy: A Review Of Physiology, Clinical Application, And Guidelines For Implementation, Nathan Schuliger
Senior Honors Theses
Blood flow restriction (BFR) therapy is an emerging clinical modality utilizing the metabolic stress of a hypoxic state to induce hypertrophic and strength adaptations in a manner allowing for reduced external loading. BFR has a variety of applications in rehabilitation settings, showing great potential for patients seeking the benefits of high intensity training without the associated degrees of mechanical stress. This literature review details the proposed mechanisms of BFR, along with various clinical applications of BFR including active and aerobic BFR. Concerns and contraindications for BFR usage are discussed regarding certain clinical populations, with risk stratification recommendations provided. Current BFR …
Informal Family Archives & Oral History, Nichole M. Shippen
Informal Family Archives & Oral History, Nichole M. Shippen
Open Educational Resources
Informal Family Archives & Oral History was modeled on and meant to complement the Oral History in Interdisciplinary Community College Pedagogy Funded by NEH for 2023-2025. Therefore, the description is taken from the NEH description except I modified my class to be focused on informal family archives. Students picked a family member they wished to interview for this project. They started with a cultural object exercise and built from that starting point. The class was inspired by Nairy Abdelshafy’s Informal Archives: Capturing Family Memories.
“Oral history is an interactive method and inquiry process on a topic, as well as …
A Manualized Occupational Therapy Communication Skills Intervention For Veterans With Posttraumatic Stress Disorder, Kiara Ainsworth, Steven M. Gerardi
A Manualized Occupational Therapy Communication Skills Intervention For Veterans With Posttraumatic Stress Disorder, Kiara Ainsworth, Steven M. Gerardi
Spring 2024 Virtual OTD Capstone Symposium
Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) affects many individual's participation in daily activities. There is a lack of research in the area of occupational therapy (OT) treatment for veterans with PTSD. However, there has been an expressed need in the literature for a developed intervention for veterans with PTSD that includes communication skills as a component. To date, a manualized communication skills OT intervention for veterans with PTSD has not been created. The purpose of this paper was to develop a resource tool for occupational therapists to utilize as an intervention when treating veterans with PTSD using the framework of the Model …
A Guidebook For Latina Breast Cancer Survivors & Occupational Therapy Practitioners, Abigail Hernandez, Leslie Khan-Farooqi, Mary Ann Smith
A Guidebook For Latina Breast Cancer Survivors & Occupational Therapy Practitioners, Abigail Hernandez, Leslie Khan-Farooqi, Mary Ann Smith
Spring 2024 Virtual OTD Capstone Symposium
Many Latina women diagnosed with breast cancer face psychosocial challenges and do not have access or the necessary resources to assist them with these challenges which may lead to decreased quality of life. This study is designed to address the most common psychosocial issues associated with breast cancer to assist Latina women as well as occupational therapy practitioners.
Assessment Of Fly Ash And Ceramic Powder Incorporated Concrete With Steam-Treated Recycled Concrete Aggregates Prioritising Nano-Silica, Asha Uday Rao, Prathibha P. Shetty, Radhika Bhandary P, Adithya Tantri
Assessment Of Fly Ash And Ceramic Powder Incorporated Concrete With Steam-Treated Recycled Concrete Aggregates Prioritising Nano-Silica, Asha Uday Rao, Prathibha P. Shetty, Radhika Bhandary P, Adithya Tantri
Open Access archive
Present research involves determining the effects of a proposed novel nano-silica prioritized-steam-treated recycled concrete aggregate (RCA) on microstructural, mechanical, and durability aspects of concrete incorporated with waste ceramic powder (WCP). The study on novel nano-silica prioritized-steam-treated recycled concrete aggregate revealed that 3% nano-silica induction with 3-h steam treatment for 50% adhered mortar bonded RCA performed optimally. The physical characterization of treated RCA showed improvement compared to untreated RCA, which was confirmed by microstructure study indicating the formation of additional calcium silicate hydrates in the bonded adhered mortar of treated RCA. Furthermore, as WCP has significant contents of alumina and silica, …
Testing Of Recycled Polypropylene As A Viable Structural Material (Quarter 2), Isabella Jimenez-Melendrez, Katherine Timbes, Jocelyn Embleton, Tauni Dela Cruz, Zyra Kingston, Emily Byrd, Jacob Stinger
Testing Of Recycled Polypropylene As A Viable Structural Material (Quarter 2), Isabella Jimenez-Melendrez, Katherine Timbes, Jocelyn Embleton, Tauni Dela Cruz, Zyra Kingston, Emily Byrd, Jacob Stinger
Architectural Engineering
5.25 trillion plastic particles have been found in the oceans each year, 3 million water bottles are consumed each hour, and one million plastic bags are used each minute in the United States of America (Williams). The vast majority of conventional plastics such as polyethylene, polypropylene, polystyrene, and more, are non-biodegradable (Tokiwa). To make matters worse, 70% of this non-biodegradable plastic is discarded into landfills and inevitably makes its way into the environment (Williams,). Plastic products have become vital to the United States economy due to their many uses in the construction, packaging, transportation, and health care industries. However, this …
Telaah Konsep Asset Bassed Comunity Development Bagi Pembangunan Pariwisata Berbasis Masyarakat, Silva Amanda, Rudi Saprudin Darwis
Telaah Konsep Asset Bassed Comunity Development Bagi Pembangunan Pariwisata Berbasis Masyarakat, Silva Amanda, Rudi Saprudin Darwis
Jurnal Ilmu Kesejahteraan Sosial
The tourism sector is one of the sectors that contributes the largest foreign exchange in Indonesia. To develop this, the Ministry of Tourism and Creative Economy continues to encourage the community-based tourism industry, with one of them developing a tourist village program. One way to realize the tourist village program in Indonesia is to use the Asset Based Community Development approach by emphasizing the use of potential assets owned by an area. The purpose of this research is to identify the potential or assets that exist in a village/region that can be developed into a tourist village by emphasizing community …
Popular Education Curriculum: An Abolitionist Pedagogy, Savannah Shepherd , '24
Popular Education Curriculum: An Abolitionist Pedagogy, Savannah Shepherd , '24
Senior Theses, Projects, and Awards
No abstract provided.
The Perception Of Sexual Violence On Swarthmore College Campus, Fatima Mar , '24
The Perception Of Sexual Violence On Swarthmore College Campus, Fatima Mar , '24
Senior Theses, Projects, and Awards
No abstract provided.
Large Sample Statistical Study Of Three-Dimensional Magnetic Reconnection At The Swarthmore Spheromak Experiment, Solomon Murdock , '24
Large Sample Statistical Study Of Three-Dimensional Magnetic Reconnection At The Swarthmore Spheromak Experiment, Solomon Murdock , '24
Senior Theses, Projects, and Awards
Many plasmas can be described by ideal magnetohydrodynamics (MHD). A key result of ideal MHD is the frozen-in-flux theorem which states that the magnetic field stretches and bends with the motion of the plasma. The frozen-in-flux theorem is violated during magnetic reconnection, the annihilation of magnetic flux within a plasma. During reconnection, non-ideal MHD effects dominate plasma dynamics. The dynamics of magnetic reconnection is an unsolved problem in plasma physics. Most prior laboratory studies of magnetic reconnection examined reconnection in 2D scenarios, scenarios with a single ignorable coordinate. The SSX device was used to merge twisted ropes of plasma called …
Flushed With Challenges: A Case Study Into Sanitation Service Delivery In A Cape Town Informal Settlement, Emmy Li , '25
Flushed With Challenges: A Case Study Into Sanitation Service Delivery In A Cape Town Informal Settlement, Emmy Li , '25
Senior Theses, Projects, and Awards
In South Africa, basic sanitation is considered a human right. Moreover, effective sanitation service delivery is fundamental in the ongoing transition to build sustainable cities and communities. An area of particular interest for city planners and government officials are informal settlements, which are often characterized by high vulnerabilities, large population densities, limited resources, and minimal state engagement. Due to their location and informal nature, these areas often lack sewage and drainage systems needed for effective sanitation. Unfortunately, communities that are most impacted by poor sanitation quality and service delivery are rarely consulted during the decision-making process for urban upgrades. This …
On The Genealogy Of Intimate Digital Harm, Aziz Z. Huq
On The Genealogy Of Intimate Digital Harm, Aziz Z. Huq
Michigan Law Review
A review of The Fight for Privacy: Protecting Dignity, Identity, and Love in the Digital Age. By Danielle Keats Citron.
Application Of Singapore's New Rules On Service Out Of Jurisdiction: Three Arrows Capital And Nw Corp, Adeline Chong
Application Of Singapore's New Rules On Service Out Of Jurisdiction: Three Arrows Capital And Nw Corp, Adeline Chong
Research Collection Yong Pung How School Of Law
No abstract provided.
Gender Inequality In The Practice Of International Marine Science : Case Study On The International Council For The Exploration Of The Sea, Ellen Johannesen
Gender Inequality In The Practice Of International Marine Science : Case Study On The International Council For The Exploration Of The Sea, Ellen Johannesen
World Maritime University Dissertations
The UN Decade of Ocean Science for Sustainable Development aims at transformative change to connect people and the ocean. Innovation necessary for transformational change requires diverse perspectives, therefore women’s perspectives and equal participation are crucial for Ocean science. However, there is widespread evidence of underrepresentation of women especially in governance and decision-making roles. This dissertation aims to critically analyse how gender inequality persists within marine science for the sustainable use of the ocean and to contribute to developing the essential awareness of and strategies for addressing this issue. Using an intergovernmental marine science organisation as a case study, a feminist …
Sleeveless Guides Are More Accurate Than Sleeved Guides: An In Vitro Study, Jenna Hang
Sleeveless Guides Are More Accurate Than Sleeved Guides: An In Vitro Study, Jenna Hang
Master's Theses (2009 -)
BACKGROUND: Esthetic and functional results of an implant and its final prosthesis depend largely on the accuracy of implant placement. Fully-guided surgeries have been proven to be more accurate than non-guided implant placement. Surgical guides with metal keys are often used during guided surgery, but add tolerance to the guides. Sleeveless guides may improve accuracy of implant placement. OBJECTIVE: This study aims to examine the difference between surgical guides with (S) and without sleeves (SL) in terms of trueness and precision. A secondary aim was to assess the impact of the distance of the guide to the implant platform. METHODS: …
Preemptive Analgesia And Pain After Periodontal And Implant- Related Procedures: A Systematic Review And Meta-Analysis, Christos Gousias
Preemptive Analgesia And Pain After Periodontal And Implant- Related Procedures: A Systematic Review And Meta-Analysis, Christos Gousias
Master's Theses (2009 -)
Objective: The purpose of this systematic review and meta-analysis is to document the effect of preemptive analgesia on patient-reported pain following periodontal and implant-related surgical procedures. Methods: A comprehensive search of the literature was conducted in PubMed, Cochrane, and Web of Science (PROSPERO ID: CRD42023471166). Randomized placebo-controlled clinical trials on adults undergoing periodontal and implant-related surgeries were included. A meta-analysis was performed comparing pain data at postoperative hours 1, 3, 6, 8, 24 and 72 between pre-emptive medication versus placebo groups. Results: Two independent reviewers screened 1,044 titles and included 15 studies (open flap debridement 6/12; flap and osseous surgery …
A Study Of The Effect Of Preparation Parameters On The Mechanical Properties Of Freeze-Dried Gelatin-Elastin-Hyaluronate Scaffolds, Mansour Qamash
A Study Of The Effect Of Preparation Parameters On The Mechanical Properties Of Freeze-Dried Gelatin-Elastin-Hyaluronate Scaffolds, Mansour Qamash
Master's Theses (2009 -)
This thesis is dedicated to a detailed study of changes in the properties of Gelatin-Elastin-Hyaluronate (GEH) tissue engineering scaffold resulting from changes in preparation parameters. More specifically, utilizing a combination of foaming and freeze-drying techniques, this research investigates the effects of different parameters, including agitation speed, duration time, and chilling temperature on the scaffold’s structural integrity, porosity, and mechanical properties. The methodology involves a carefully calibrated process in which the scaffold matrix is initially prepared by incorporating 8% gelatin, 2% elastin, and 0.5% hyaluronate (w/v) into a homogenous aqueous solution, followed by controlled agitation and subsequent freezing at designated temperatures. …
Efforts Toward Difunctionalization Of (Hetero)Arenes Enabled By Visible Light, Eric Allen
Efforts Toward Difunctionalization Of (Hetero)Arenes Enabled By Visible Light, Eric Allen
Master's Theses (2009 -)
Functionalized arenes and heteroarenes are ubiquitous motifs in natural products, pharmaceuticals, and functional materials. As such, methods to place multiple functionalities on (hetero)arenes in one synthetic step create molecular complexity quickly and are highly valued. The vast majority of current strategies are metal-mediated, although others such as utilizing aryne intermediates and cycloadditions have also been reported. The premier challenge in this research area is the difficulty in controlling regioselectivity. Strategies of controlling regioselectivity have included tuning the electronic nature of the substrate, the use of directing groups (DGs), steric influences, ligand control, and photochemically initiated methods. Certain strategies tend to …
Spring 2024 Shsp Alumni Connections, New York Medical College
Spring 2024 Shsp Alumni Connections, New York Medical College
School of Health Sciences and Practice
- NYMC Annual Days of Giving Set for March 26 and 27
- CDM Provides Hands-On Training for First Responders
- D.P.T. Class of 2025 Present Community Service Projects
- NYMC NSSLHA Chapter Hosts Fundraiser for Smile Train
- Students Shine at 2023 Multidisciplinary Community Outreach
- NYMC Celebrates Faculty Authorship at 30th Annual Recognition
- NYMC Hosts “Ninety Minutes: The Medical Magazine of the Web”
- Student Spotlight: Dr. P.H. Candidate Advocates for Long Term Care Through the Media
- Alumni Spotlight: SLP Alumna Opens Local Private Practice in Honor of Late Sister
- Alumni Spotlight: D.P.T. Alumnus Finds Solace in Writing After Cardiac Event
Iron Isotope Transformations In Saanich Inlet, Claire Onak
Iron Isotope Transformations In Saanich Inlet, Claire Onak
USF Tampa Graduate Theses and Dissertations
Iron (Fe) is required for many biogeochemical processes, with Fe bioavailability and chemistry being controlled by redox reactions that transform Fe between oxidation states and dissolved and particulate phases. In oxic seawater, Fe is present in the Fe(III) oxidation state, mainly as Fe oxyhydroxides. Under anoxic marine conditions, such as margin sediments under oxygen minimum zones or restricted basins with anoxic bottom water, Fe(III) is reduced to Fe(II), which is highly soluble and can be present at high concentrations ([Fe]). Fe isotope ratios (δ56Fe relative to IRMM-14) can be used to characterize Fe redox transformations, constrain Fe sources of Fe …