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Maternal And Paternal Migration And Children’S Human Capital, Siuyuat Wong Apr 2024

Maternal And Paternal Migration And Children’S Human Capital, Siuyuat Wong

Yale Graduate School of Arts and Sciences Dissertations

International migration opportunities improve earnings capacity, but can also create parental separation from children. The net effect of migration on children depends on the relative importance of money and parental presence in determining a child's human capital development, which parent migrates, and at what age they separate from the child. These considerations in turn affect whether, when, and who migrates. I estimate a dynamic model of migrant households with an embedded age-specific child education production function by conducting a panel survey of Filipino migrants and combining it with newly assembled administrative data from the Philippines Department of Education and the …

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On Schrödinger Equations With Non-Perturbative Potentials, Adam Black Apr 2024

On Schrödinger Equations With Non-Perturbative Potentials, Adam Black

Yale Graduate School of Arts and Sciences Dissertations

This thesis consists of four parts, each studying a different class of Schrödinger equations. Though the setting and relevant questions vary between chapters, a theme that runs through all of them is the study of a Hamiltonian with a potential that is not small enough to be treated perturbatively. Indeed, in all of the Schrödinger equations below, the potential is, in some sense, large enough that it may affect the asymptotic behavior of the system.In Chapters 2 and 3, we investigate the scattering theory of Schrödinger operators with potentials that have anisotropic decay. More specifically, we assume that the potential …

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Mechanisms And Functions Of Lipodystrophy In Dermal Fibrosis, Elizabeth Ann Caves Apr 2024

Mechanisms And Functions Of Lipodystrophy In Dermal Fibrosis, Elizabeth Ann Caves

Yale Graduate School of Arts and Sciences Dissertations

The skin is the largest organ in the human body and acts as a barrier between the inside and outside environments. A significant function of the skin is to maintain its structural integrity through extracellular matrix protein (ECM) homeostasis. Tissue fibrosis is characterized by a failure of ECM homeostasis, resulting in the accumulation of ECM proteins in healthy tissue. Systemic sclerosis is an autoimmune disease in which fibrosis develops throughout the body in organs such as the heart, lungs, and skin. Interestingly, during skin fibrosis, resident lipid-filled, mature adipocytes are depleted in humans and mice concomitant with ECM expansion. However, …

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Afrekete’S Touch: Black Queer Feminist Errantry And Global African Art, Alexandra Monet Thomas Apr 2024

Afrekete’S Touch: Black Queer Feminist Errantry And Global African Art, Alexandra Monet Thomas

Yale Graduate School of Arts and Sciences Dissertations

The dissertation proposes that black queer feminist conceptual tools are advantageous to interpreting modern and contemporary art. Utilizing visual analysis and interdisciplinary black feminist criticism to analyze artwork by Mildred Thompson, Simone Leigh, Wangechi Mutu, Zanele Muholi, Senzeni Marasela, and others, becomes a way through which to build the concept of black queer feminist errantry. Defined as a political, aesthetic, and intellectual mode through which artists enact practices of wandering, refusal, fabulation, and waywardness, black queer feminist errantry was developed with the work of several scholars in mind, such as Sarah Jane Cervenak, Tavia Nyong’o, and Saidiya Hartman. The preface, …

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Essays On Housing, Inequality, And Spatial Mobility, Anthony Elias Tokman Apr 2024

Essays On Housing, Inequality, And Spatial Mobility, Anthony Elias Tokman

Yale Graduate School of Arts and Sciences Dissertations

The first chapter of this dissertation uses parcel-level tax assessment and sales transaction data to estimate the stringency of housing unit density restrictions at the census tract level for 35 metropolitan areas in the United States, focusing on the period between 2000 and 2020. I do this by inferring the marginal regulatory "cost" of building an additional housing unit, conditioning on a parcel's total acreage and developed floor space. Regression on variables from the Wharton land use survey offers basic validation of this measure. I show that the inferred unit regulatory costs vary drastically across cities and neighborhoods; they tend …

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Uncovering A Critical Role For Calmodulin In Calcium-Dependent Regulation Of The Nociceptor Trpa1, Justin Sanders Apr 2024

Uncovering A Critical Role For Calmodulin In Calcium-Dependent Regulation Of The Nociceptor Trpa1, Justin Sanders

Yale Graduate School of Arts and Sciences Dissertations

Transient receptor potential (TRP) channels are sensory receptors expressed throughout the peripheral nervous system that help shape how we respond to our environment. TRPA1 has been identified as a key component in the transition from acute to chronic pain and inflammation making it a prime target for development of novel analgesics. Calcium has been shown to regulate TRPA1 by rapidly potentiating channel activity followed by rapid desensitization. While the effects of calcium on TRPA1 activity have been well-described, the mechanisms governing these calcium effects have been difficult to elucidate. Work described within this thesis details the discovery of a novel …

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An Epigenetic Timer Regulates The Transition From Cell Division To Cell Expansion During Arabidopsis Petal Organogenesis, Ruirui Huang Apr 2024

An Epigenetic Timer Regulates The Transition From Cell Division To Cell Expansion During Arabidopsis Petal Organogenesis, Ruirui Huang

Yale Graduate School of Arts and Sciences Dissertations

Epigenetic changes, such as histone modifications or DNA methylation, can modify gene expression without affecting the genetic code. Such alterations can persist for many cell generations, and often are induced by various environmental inputs in both plants and animals. A number of studies have demonstrated that epigenetic factors regulate plant developmental timing in response to environmental changes. However, we still have an incomplete view of how epigenetic factors can regulate developmental events such as organogenesis, and the transition from cell division to cell expansion, in plants. The small number of cell types and the relatively simple developmental progression required to …

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Developing Metabolism-Targeting Adjuvants To Immunotherapy In Murine Melanoma, Xinyi Zhang Apr 2024

Developing Metabolism-Targeting Adjuvants To Immunotherapy In Murine Melanoma, Xinyi Zhang

Yale Graduate School of Arts and Sciences Dissertations

Melanoma is the deadliest skin cancer type, causing 8000 deaths per year in the United States. The development of immunotherapy significantly prolongs the survival of cancer patients, including patients with melanoma. By impairing the inhibitory signaling pathway, immunotherapy, for example anti-PD-1 monoclonal antibody, reinforces the anti-tumor effector function of T cells that recognize cancer cells and therefore suppresses tumor progression. However, the problem of low responsiveness and development of resistance significantly prevents a large proportion of patients from benefiting from immunotherapy. Therefore, it is of great importance to develop adjuvants to increase the efficacy of immunotherapy. Metabolic alterations have long …

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Insights On The Functional Importance Of Molecular Motions In Phosphatases, Erik Zavala Apr 2024

Insights On The Functional Importance Of Molecular Motions In Phosphatases, Erik Zavala

Yale Graduate School of Arts and Sciences Dissertations

Enzymes are biomolecules that catalyze biological reactions, and as such, demand thorough investigation so that manipulation of their associated biological processes can be achieved. Biological processes are made up of complex pathways where enzymes play a key role in regulating pathway flux. Enzymes are a diverse subset of biomolecules and different classes of enzymes regulate pathway activity in different ways. For example, phosphatases and kinases are the enzymes responsible for regulating the phosphorylation levels of proteins. Phosphatases remove phosphates by catalyzing the hydrolysis of phosphate groups and kinases attach phosphate groups by catalyzing the transfer of phosphates from adenosine triphosphate …

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Deep Learning For Multi-Modal Tomography Imaging: Radiation Dose, Image Artifacts, And Acquisition Time Reductions, Bo Zhou Apr 2024

Deep Learning For Multi-Modal Tomography Imaging: Radiation Dose, Image Artifacts, And Acquisition Time Reductions, Bo Zhou

Yale Graduate School of Arts and Sciences Dissertations

PET-CT/MRI is the most used multi-modal tomography imaging exam which can provide both functional and anatomical information from a single exam and aid clinical decision-making. The CT/MRI component focuses on visualizing the anatomical structures, and the PET component focuses on visualizing molecular-level functional activities in tissues. Millions of PET-CT/MRI scans were performed each year worldwide with wide applications in oncology, cardiology, neurology, and biomedical research. While being an indispensable multi-modal tomography imaging tool in medicine, PET-CT/MRI has several key issues limiting its broader impacts on patients, including 1) the potential hazard caused by radiation dose from the PET and CT, …

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Older And Growing Wiser? Evaluating How Public Insurance Programs Have Restructured The Delivery Of Care To Older Adults, Deepon Bhaumik Apr 2024

Older And Growing Wiser? Evaluating How Public Insurance Programs Have Restructured The Delivery Of Care To Older Adults, Deepon Bhaumik

Yale Graduate School of Arts and Sciences Dissertations

Public insurance programs play a crucial role in providing affordable coverage to older adults in the U.S. With the U.S. population rapidly aging, providing and financing long-term care is one of the most pressing policy concerns. Since the 1980s, state Medicaid programs have begun deploying tools such as HCBS Section 1915(c) waiver programs and managed long-term services and supports (MLTSS) programs (wherein states contract with private managed care plans who deliver LTSS) in the hopes of managing costs and expanding HCBS services. At the same time, there is a need to further understand if and how health systems tailor treatment …

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Investigation Of Natural And Anthropogenic Factors Influencing Groundwater Quality And Availability In The Northwestern Appalachian Basin, Helen Grace Siegel Apr 2024

Investigation Of Natural And Anthropogenic Factors Influencing Groundwater Quality And Availability In The Northwestern Appalachian Basin, Helen Grace Siegel

Yale Graduate School of Arts and Sciences Dissertations

The Northwestern Appalachian Basin (NAB) encompasses a region of more than 100,000 square kilometers across parts of Ohio, Pennsylvania, and West Virginia and is home to a population of nearly 700,000 rural residents who rely on private groundwater wells as their sole source of drinking water. Rural communities in the NAB are often under-resourced and the cost of treatment or replacement of private water supplies may be prohibitive to many, leaving residents susceptible to health impacts associated with groundwater contamination and shifts in water availability under a changing climate. While vital to the rural communities of the NAB, groundwater withdrawals …

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Criticality In Majorana Wires, Vladislav Kurilovich Apr 2024

Criticality In Majorana Wires, Vladislav Kurilovich

Yale Graduate School of Arts and Sciences Dissertations

The interest in exotic excitations motivates an on-going effort to engineer a one-dimensional topological superconductor. Such a superconducting wire is expected to host Majorana zero modes at its ends, whose properties might be useful for the development of a fault-tolerant quantum computer. There are many proposed ways to construct a Majorana wire out of a conventional superconductor and a semiconductor. In most of them, the transition between topologically trivial and non-trivial phases occurs with an application of magnetic field. Experiments attempting to implement the proposals, however, provide inconclusive evidence for the presence of Majorana zero modes. While the basic signatures …

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Coding Sequence Dependent Mrna Decay Regulation, Damir Musaev Apr 2024

Coding Sequence Dependent Mrna Decay Regulation, Damir Musaev

Yale Graduate School of Arts and Sciences Dissertations

Post-transcriptional mRNA regulation shapes gene expression, yet the full extent of cis-regulatory sequences and how translation shapes the regulation of these elements is poorly understood. To identify conserved cis-regulatory elements shaping mRNA stability, I analyzed the features associated with differential mRNA decay in two vertebrate systems: steady-state HEK293 cells and developing zebrafish embryos. I found that strength of translation initiation (Kozak score), uORF content, codon optimality, AU-rich elements, microRNA binding sites, and ORF length function combinatorially to regulate mRNA stability. Surprisingly, machine learning analysis identified ORF length as the most important conserved feature regulating mRNA decay. I found that mRNAs …

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Advances In Multi-Agent Learning And Private Statistical Estimation, John Lazarsfeld Apr 2024

Advances In Multi-Agent Learning And Private Statistical Estimation, John Lazarsfeld

Yale Graduate School of Arts and Sciences Dissertations

Modern machine learning systems and other data science settings are increasingly subject to various reliability constraints: these systems may be decentralized and involve multiple agents acting without coordination, may be limited in memory and other computational resources, or may be subject to societal constraints like differential privacy. This dissertation presents algorithmic advances for several learning and data analysis tasks under such constraints. In the first chapter, we present new families of algorithms for the multi-agent cooperative bandit problem in the randomized gossip communication model. Our algorithms are fully decentralized and require only constant local memory per agent, and we highlight …

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Character In Conflict: Soldiers And Eighteenth-Century English Literary Character, Adam C. Keller Apr 2024

Character In Conflict: Soldiers And Eighteenth-Century English Literary Character, Adam C. Keller

Yale Graduate School of Arts and Sciences Dissertations

“Character in Conflict” explores the function of the soldier as a literary character in multiple genres of literature across the long eighteenth century. It constructs a series of literary case studies drawn from multiple genres, supplemented at times by soldier memoirs, drill manuals, political pamphlets, and other historical materials, to argue that soldiers make an ideal test case for literary characterization. To that end, this project examines soldier-characters that appear in Theophrastan character books, early eighteenth-century comedy, and the mid eighteenth-century novel. “Character in Conflict” uses these character case studies to explore the transhistorical properties of martial form and situates …

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Communities Of Practice To Improve The Delivery Of Contact Tracing For Tuberculosis By Community Health Workers: Antecedents And Mechanisms Of Action, Rachel Hennein Apr 2024

Communities Of Practice To Improve The Delivery Of Contact Tracing For Tuberculosis By Community Health Workers: Antecedents And Mechanisms Of Action, Rachel Hennein

Yale Graduate School of Arts and Sciences Dissertations

Background: Community health workers (CHWs) play a key role in expanding access to health services. Providing CHWs with high-quality and relevant training is critical to facilitate their performance. Communities of Practice (CoPs) are a low-cost implementation strategy to promote continuous learning. CoPs are groups of professionals with a common goal who meet regularly, support each other, share knowledge, and innovate solutions. CoPs have been used within the health field to promote the delivery of evidence-based care by healthcare workers; however, there are a few gaps in our understanding of their utility. For example, few studies have assessed the effectiveness of …

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Secrets Of Inheritance: Modernism And The Afterlives Of Jewish Literature, Evan Goldstein Apr 2024

Secrets Of Inheritance: Modernism And The Afterlives Of Jewish Literature, Evan Goldstein

Yale Graduate School of Arts and Sciences Dissertations

This dissertation offers a new theory of the relationship between Jewish literature and Jewish identity in European modernity. Taking up the perennially troubling case of literary modernism, I argue that Jewish writers reject the reproductive logics of Jewish identity politics by theorizing a literary mode of relationality. I term this mode of relationality aesthetic afterlife. This concept refuses the figures of blood, descent, and race that dominate Jewish identity discourse in the twentieth and twenty-first centuries. Amid a biopolitical imaginary that privileges the legibility of Jewish bodies as the sign of Jewish collective vitality and continuity, Jewish modernists celebrate the …

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Transcriptional Regulation Of Fate Specification In Human Megakaryocytic-Erythroid Progenitors, Nayoung Kwon Apr 2024

Transcriptional Regulation Of Fate Specification In Human Megakaryocytic-Erythroid Progenitors, Nayoung Kwon

Yale Graduate School of Arts and Sciences Dissertations

Megakaryocytic-erythroid progenitors (MEP) are a population of bipotent hematopoietic progenitors that give rise to the megakaryocytic (Mk) or erythroid (E) lineages. The Mk lineage produces platelets, and the E lineage produces RBCs, that govern coagulation and oxygen transport, respectively. Both are critical components of the blood system, and maintaining an adequate and balanced pool of platelets and red blood cells is essential for life. As MEP stand as a final branchpoint before committing to Mk or E lineages, understanding the fate specification mechanism of MEP may provide insight into treating conditions that involve platelets and/or red blood cells.This thesis focuses …

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Search For Time-Reversal-Symmetry Violation In Thallium Fluoride Using A Cryogenic Buffer-Gas Beam Source, Jakob Kastelic Apr 2024

Search For Time-Reversal-Symmetry Violation In Thallium Fluoride Using A Cryogenic Buffer-Gas Beam Source, Jakob Kastelic

Yale Graduate School of Arts and Sciences Dissertations

The CeNTREX experiment aims to provide a 30-fold increase in sensitivity over the best present upper bounds on the strength of time-violating fundamental interactions by measuring shifts in nuclear resonant frequencies in thallium fluoride. We describe the motivation for studying these time-violating interactions, and provide an overview of past work. We present the current measurement scheme for this experiment. Since the apparatus is still under construction, we present the components already built, with focus on the beam source and magnetic field control.

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Itihas Vol. 24 Issue No. 2, Sastra Univ Apr 2024

Itihas Vol. 24 Issue No. 2, Sastra Univ

ITIHAS

NEWSLETTER FROM SASTRA DEEMED UNIVERSITY

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Why Bernstein Polynomials: Yet Another Explanation, Olga Kosheleva, Vladik Kreinovich Apr 2024

Why Bernstein Polynomials: Yet Another Explanation, Olga Kosheleva, Vladik Kreinovich

Departmental Technical Reports (CS)

In many computational situations -- in particular, in computations under interval or fuzzy uncertainty -- it is convenient to approximate a function by a polynomial. Usually, a polynomial is represented by coefficients at its monomials. However, in many cases, it turns out more efficient to represent a general polynomial by using a different basis -- of so-called Bernstein polynomials. In this paper, we provide a new explanation for the computational efficiency of this basis.

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How To Make A Decision Under Interval Uncertainty If We Do Not Know The Utility Function, Jeffrey Escamilla, Vladik Kreinovich Apr 2024

How To Make A Decision Under Interval Uncertainty If We Do Not Know The Utility Function, Jeffrey Escamilla, Vladik Kreinovich

Departmental Technical Reports (CS)

Decision theory describes how to make decisions, in particular, how to make decisions under interval uncertainty. However, this theory's recommendations assume that we know the utility function -- a function that describes the decision maker's preferences. Sometimes, we can make a recommendation even when we do not know the utility function. In this paper, we provide a complete description of all such cases.

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Shall We Place More Advanced Students In A Separate Class?, Shahnaz Shahbazova, Olga Kosheleva, Vladik Kreinovich Apr 2024

Shall We Place More Advanced Students In A Separate Class?, Shahnaz Shahbazova, Olga Kosheleva, Vladik Kreinovich

Departmental Technical Reports (CS)

In every class, we have students who are more advanced and students who are more behind. From this viewpoint, it seems reasonable to place more advanced students in a separate class. This should help advanced students progress faster, and it should help other students as well, since the teachers in the remaining class can better attend to their needs. However, empirically, this does not work: when we form a separate class, the overall amount of gained knowledge decreases. In this paper, we provide a possible explanation for this seemingly counterintuitive phenomenon.

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Towards An Optimal Design: What Can We Recommend To Elon Musk?, Martine Ceberio, Olga Kosheleva, Vladik Kreinovich, Hung T. Nguyen Apr 2024

Towards An Optimal Design: What Can We Recommend To Elon Musk?, Martine Ceberio, Olga Kosheleva, Vladik Kreinovich, Hung T. Nguyen

Departmental Technical Reports (CS)

Elon Musk's successful "move fast and break things" strategy is based on the fact that in many cases, we do not need to satisfy all usual constraints to be successful. By sequentially trying smaller number of constraints, he finds the smallest number of constraints that are still needed to succeed -- and using this smaller number of constrains leads to a much cheaper (and thus, more practical) design. In this strategy, Musk relies on his intuition -- which, as all intuitions, sometimes works and sometimes doesn't. To replace this intuition, we propose an algorithm that minimizes the worst-case cost of …

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Sonic Salvation: A Neuroscientific Exploration Of Music's Role In Cultural Preservation In The Wake Of The Holocaust, Regan K. Recklaus Apr 2024

Sonic Salvation: A Neuroscientific Exploration Of Music's Role In Cultural Preservation In The Wake Of The Holocaust, Regan K. Recklaus

Geifman Prize in Holocaust Studies

As easy as it would be to begin this essay with a succinct “music is” statement (e.g. “music is life” or “music is power”), it would be akin to encapsulating the boundless expanse of the cosmos in a single photograph. It would fail to honor the immeasurable richness and complexity of the force which has transformed humanity from a group of disparate apes into a symphony of interconnected souls. For all of history, music has served as a means for humans to tap into and express the very things that make them human—their emotions, culture, and individual identities. Its profound …

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The Magazine, Spring 2024, Morehead State University. Office Of Communications & Marketing. Apr 2024

The Magazine, Spring 2024, Morehead State University. Office Of Communications & Marketing.

Morehead State Alumni Association Publications

The Magazine of Morehead State University from spring of 2024.

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Library Lens April 2024, Southern Adventist University Apr 2024

Library Lens April 2024, Southern Adventist University

Library Lens

The April 2024 Library Lens features information on Campus Research Day, writing tutoring, Asian American and Pacific Islander books, and more.

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Daily Announcements April 2024, Wofford College. Office Of Marketing And Communications Apr 2024

Daily Announcements April 2024, Wofford College. Office Of Marketing And Communications

Communications Office Daily Announcements

No abstract provided.

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A Message Of Encouragement - Exegesis Of Romans 8:17-28, Verne Weir Apr 2024

A Message Of Encouragement - Exegesis Of Romans 8:17-28, Verne Weir

Harding School of Theology Dissertations and Theses

No abstract provided.

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