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Antropometri Tangan Penduduk Kota Ambon Sebagai Dasar Perancangan Ergonomis, Puan Maryam Leaongso, Wilma Latuny, Aminah Soleman Jul 2026

Antropometri Tangan Penduduk Kota Ambon Sebagai Dasar Perancangan Ergonomis, Puan Maryam Leaongso, Wilma Latuny, Aminah Soleman

National Journal of Occupational Health and Safety

The limited availability of hand anthropometric data for the Indonesian population, particularly for the residents of Ambon City, may affect the accuracy of designing ergonomic products, work equipment, and public facilities. This study aimed to measure and analyze 25 hand dimensions of the Ambon City population based on gender and age, and to compare the measurement results with national anthropometric data. This research employed a quantitative method with a descriptive design through an anthropometric approach. Data were collected directly from 200 respondents, consisting of 100 females (aged 18–40 years) and 100 males (aged 20–40 years). Data analysis was performed using …


Slovenian-Assisted Slate Integrated Infrastructure Development Project (Siidp) And Solid-Waste-Management System, Musa Zakari Jul 2026

Slovenian-Assisted Slate Integrated Infrastructure Development Project (Siidp) And Solid-Waste-Management System, Musa Zakari

Hatfield Graduate Journal of Public Affairs

The study was assessed the Slovenian Assisted Slate Integrated Infrastructure Development Project (SIIDP) on its ability to transform the solid-waste-management system. Yet, in a bid to tackle the intractable waste problem in Nigeria, It emphasized the need to have sustainable policy structures, creative infrastructural and technical cross-border cooperation. The research employed a mixed-method design, which included documentary analysis and a survey. Quantitative data were analyzed using multiple linear regression analysis (SPSS version 27), while qualitative insights were analyzed thematically. Their regression analysis found that technology transfer (B = 0.284, p = 0.000), capacity building (B = 0.256, p = 0.001), …


From Policy To Practice: Analyzing Inclusive Education Strategies In Nigerian Internally Displaced Persons (Idps) Camps, Chukwuyem Joel Arimie, Williams Okotie Dr Jul 2026

From Policy To Practice: Analyzing Inclusive Education Strategies In Nigerian Internally Displaced Persons (Idps) Camps, Chukwuyem Joel Arimie, Williams Okotie Dr

Hatfield Graduate Journal of Public Affairs

Through high-quality education delivery, inclusive education indicates the pursuit of social justice for all marginalized societies. The study examines how the Edo camp's internally displaced people are impacted by inclusive education policies. Relevant policy and regulatory frameworks pertaining to inclusive education in Nigeria were examined in the research. Because the Hope for the Needy Foundation provides for the educational needs of the children in the camp, interview responses suggest that despite the policy frameworks, strategies for the effective execution of the policy in the IDP camp have not yet been put in place. The article makes the case that the …


Effectiveness Of Organic Amendments In Enriching Nitrogen In Compost Produced From Organic Fractions Of Market Waste Generated In Dar Es Salaam, Tanzania, Amani Bilula, Ally Mahadhy, Anthony Manoni Mshandete, Amelia Kivaisi Jul 2026

Effectiveness Of Organic Amendments In Enriching Nitrogen In Compost Produced From Organic Fractions Of Market Waste Generated In Dar Es Salaam, Tanzania, Amani Bilula, Ally Mahadhy, Anthony Manoni Mshandete, Amelia Kivaisi

Tanzania Journal of Science

Low nitrogen (N) content remains a key limitation of compost derived from urban organic waste. This study evaluated the effectiveness of selected plant-based organic amendments in enhancing nitrogen content and improving compost quality. Four plant- based organic amendments, Leucaena leucocephala (BN01), Commelina benghalensis (BN02), Morus alba (BN03), and Helianthus annuus (sunflower) cake (BN04), were incorporated into market waste compost at ratios of 1:0.06:0.04, 1:0.06:0.25, and 1:0.06:0.5 (organic waste: sawdust: amendment). Composting was conducted using a 4 × 3 factorial design with three replicates per treatment (n = 36). Temperature, moisture, and pH were monitored throughout the composting period. Total nitrogen, …


Licensed Social Workers’ Perceived Structural And Systemic Treatment Barriers For Clients With Severe Mental Illness, Myron Curtis White Jul 2026

Licensed Social Workers’ Perceived Structural And Systemic Treatment Barriers For Clients With Severe Mental Illness, Myron Curtis White

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

There was a gap in the existing strategies in social work practice regarding the structural and systemic barriers to health care treatment for clients with serious/severe mental illness (SMI). The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention documented that addressing mental health destabilization in the United States is important and requires an understanding of the mental illness to be addressed, including its causal factors, the relationships between the mentally ill and their community/environment, and the methodology for effecting care. This general qualitative study explored what licensed social workers perceived as structural and systemic barriers to health care treatment access for their …


Compound Multi-Hazard Assessment Under Cmip6 Climate Scenarios: Tracking Seasonal Flood-Landslide And Drought-Fire Interactions Across Nepal, Kripa Shrestha, Karthik Reddy Duddukunta, Pankaj Lal, Md Mehedi Hasan, Md Mahfuzur Rahman, Neera Shrestha Pradhan Jul 2026

Compound Multi-Hazard Assessment Under Cmip6 Climate Scenarios: Tracking Seasonal Flood-Landslide And Drought-Fire Interactions Across Nepal, Kripa Shrestha, Karthik Reddy Duddukunta, Pankaj Lal, Md Mehedi Hasan, Md Mahfuzur Rahman, Neera Shrestha Pradhan

Department of Earth and Environmental Studies Faculty Scholarship and Creative Works

Climate-induced hazards in mountain systems rarely occur in isolation, instead they interact through cascading and compounding pathways that single-hazard assessments fail to capture. In Nepal, extreme monsoon rainfall can trigger landslides that dam rivers and generate secondary flooding, while prolonged dry spells create drought, desiccate vegetation fuels, and elevate fire risk. Yet, most regional studies map hazards independently, providing limited insight into how compound zones emerge under climate change. We therefore, develop a seasonal multi-hazard framework that model drought, forest fire, flood, and landslide susceptibility for historical baseline (1991-2020) and future (2021-2100). Three machine learning algorithms (Explainable Boosting Machine, Random …


Q-Aware: A Lightweight Crosscutting Track For Preparing Quantum-Aware Software Developers, Ali Ebnenasir, Görkem Aşılıoğlu, Ruihong Zhang, Stella Otoo, Charles Wallace Jul 2026

Q-Aware: A Lightweight Crosscutting Track For Preparing Quantum-Aware Software Developers, Ali Ebnenasir, Görkem Aşılıoğlu, Ruihong Zhang, Stella Otoo, Charles Wallace

Michigan Tech Publications

There is an urgent need for ''T-shaped'' software developers with breadth in Quantum Computing (QC) and depth in Computer Science and Software Engineering, who can build and work with the quantum-powered applications of the near future. This paper reports on our experiences implementing the Quantum-Aware (Q-Aware) track, an adaptable and lightweight curricular framework that can be integrated into existing curricula for the preparation of quantum-aware graduates. Our focus here is a study conducted on the integration of Q-Aware into Data Structures and Discrete Structures courses during Fall 2025. One goal of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of Q-Aware …


Auditor Trust In Artificial Intelligence, Michael L. Decker Jul 2026

Auditor Trust In Artificial Intelligence, Michael L. Decker

Electronic Theses and Dissertations 2020 - Present

Accounting firms are investing in, and advocating for, the use of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in audit procedures. This dissertation attempts to determine what factors may lead to auditors trusting an AI system. Established models of trust show that traits of the individual user, the system, and the situation all have effects on trust. Prior accounting research also indicates that professional skepticism is an important trait in auditors. This dissertation adds professional skepticism into an established trust model and uses Structural Equation Modeling to investigate auditor trust in audit evidence prepared by an AI system. My results indicate that the most …


The Growing Needs For Young Adults’ Behavioral Health Services In Oregon And Pathways For Sustainable Service Deliveries, Anis Zaman Jul 2026

The Growing Needs For Young Adults’ Behavioral Health Services In Oregon And Pathways For Sustainable Service Deliveries, Anis Zaman

Hatfield Graduate Journal of Public Affairs

Recent OHA data indicate a significant surge in behavioral health cases among young adults ages 17-26 across Oregon. Every year in Oregon, the total number of young adults receiving medical treatment includes a significant number of them who have behavioral health challenges. This large group of young adults with mental health conditions is vulnerable to suicidal ideation and substance overdose. Despite sincere efforts by the Oregon Health Authority (OHA), the young adult mental health state of Oregon remains a concern. Therefore, there is a need for a comprehensive action plan for the sustainable delivery of mental health services to young …


Decoding The Allosteric Grammar Of Protein Kinases: A Dual-Stream Framework Integrating Protein Language Models And Energy Landscape Frustration Analysis, Will Gatlin, Max Ludwick, Lucas Turano, Brandon Foley, Kamila Riedlova, Vít Škrhák, Marian Novotný, David Hoksza, Gennady M. Verkhivker Jul 2026

Decoding The Allosteric Grammar Of Protein Kinases: A Dual-Stream Framework Integrating Protein Language Models And Energy Landscape Frustration Analysis, Will Gatlin, Max Ludwick, Lucas Turano, Brandon Foley, Kamila Riedlova, Vít Škrhák, Marian Novotný, David Hoksza, Gennady M. Verkhivker

Mathematics, Physics, and Computer Science Faculty Articles and Research

The spatial and energetic encoding of allosteric regulatory sites remains a major challenge in structural biology, frequently representing a “blind spot” for sequence-based artificial intelligence (AI) models. We present a protein language model (PLM)-guided approach complemented by the energy landscape frustration analysis as a dual-stream framework to investigate the relationship between AI prediction of binding sites and biophysical organization of regulatory pockets across the human kinome. By probing a fine-tuned residue-level PLM classifier across 453 kinase structures, a clear performance gap is discovered between highly predictable orthosteric pockets (Types I, I.5, and II) and poorly resolved distal allosteric sites (Type …


Research On Image Feature Analysis Of Intangible Cultural Heritage Brocade Integrating Multi-Scale Visual Perception, Ruiyang Yuan, Hao Wang, Shu Zhou, Hui Zhu, Jingwen Qiu Jul 2026

Research On Image Feature Analysis Of Intangible Cultural Heritage Brocade Integrating Multi-Scale Visual Perception, Ruiyang Yuan, Hao Wang, Shu Zhou, Hui Zhu, Jingwen Qiu

Journal of Scientific Information Research

[Purpose/significance] Addressing the challenges posed by the complex semantic characteristics of intangible cultural heritage brocade imagery, the difficulty in extracting their profound connotations, and the inadequate utilisation of multi-scale features by traditional deep learning models, this paper aims to explore a method for analysing the characteristics of intangible cultural heritage brocade images that integrates multi-scale visual features. [Method/process] This paper constructs a multi-scale feature analysis framework for intangible cultural heritage brocade images (ICH_BC), integrating convolutional neural networks with Transformer architectures. The framework employs ResNet to extract local texture and detail features from brocade images, utilises VIT to capture global structural …


Research On The Modeling Of Intelligence-Driven Cyberspace Public Opinion Security Situation Awareness Empowered By Digital Intelligence, Jinjie Ye, Fanglu Luo, Zhiyong Shi Jul 2026

Research On The Modeling Of Intelligence-Driven Cyberspace Public Opinion Security Situation Awareness Empowered By Digital Intelligence, Jinjie Ye, Fanglu Luo, Zhiyong Shi

Journal of Scientific Information Research

[Purpose/significance] The shaping of online public opinion security situational awareness is a key approach to governance. In digital and intelligent era, integrating digital intelligence empowerment with intelligence-driven theory holds significant theoretical and practical value for enhancing the capability and effectiveness of online public opinion security situational awareness. [Method/process] This study, based on a thorough explanation of the core concepts of digital intelligence empowerment and intelligence-driven theory, systematically analyzes the internal logic of shaping network public opinion security situation awareness through digital intelligence empowerment and intelligence-driven approaches, then constructs and interprets a model for shaping network public opinion security situation awareness …


Urban Carbon Emission Early Warning Research Based On The Dpsir Framework And Deep Learning, Xiaochun Zhao, Lingyang Xu, Ying Zhou Jul 2026

Urban Carbon Emission Early Warning Research Based On The Dpsir Framework And Deep Learning, Xiaochun Zhao, Lingyang Xu, Ying Zhou

Journal of Scientific Information Research

[Purpose/significance] In line with the national requirements for building a carbon emission early warning mechanism, conducting the urban carbon emission early warning research is of great significance for achieving the “dual-carbon” goals. [Method/process] This paper selected 16 prefecture-level cities in Anhui Province as research samples. A carbon emission early warning indicator system was constructed based on the DPSIR framework. By using data from urban statistical yearbooks, the LSTM model was employed with parameter optimization via genetic algorithms to forecast various early warning indicators for 2024-2025.On this basis, a combined subjective-objective weighting method was then applied to calculate the urban carbon …


A Multi-Dimensional Analysis Of China's Future Industry Development Policy Documents, Tianxiang Yao, Wang Xu Jul 2026

A Multi-Dimensional Analysis Of China's Future Industry Development Policy Documents, Tianxiang Yao, Wang Xu

Journal of Scientific Information Research

[Purpose/significance] Future industries are important carriers of new quality productive forces which can play a leading role in the economic and social development. Quantitative analysis and evaluation of China's future industry policies can provide support and reference for the formulation, optimization and adjustment of subsequent policies. [Method/process] Taking a total of 84 policy texts at the central, provincial, municipal and county levels in China as the research objects, a three-dimensional analysis framework of "theme-tool-effectiveness" was constructed. By comprehensively applying LDA thematic analysis, content analysis and PMC index model, theme distribution, content characteristics and comprehensive effectiveness of policy texts were deeply …


Expert Interview: "The Mirror Of Ai" In The Domain Of Scientifc Information Research, Taitian Mao, Yulai Bao, Jianxiang Wei, Peng Wu, Chuanming Yu, Gan Tang, Dongyan Wei, Yifei Ma, Wei Wang, Yu Ma Jul 2026

Expert Interview: "The Mirror Of Ai" In The Domain Of Scientifc Information Research, Taitian Mao, Yulai Bao, Jianxiang Wei, Peng Wu, Chuanming Yu, Gan Tang, Dongyan Wei, Yifei Ma, Wei Wang, Yu Ma

Journal of Scientific Information Research

Professor Mao Taitian and colleagues argues elucidates the adaptation logic, practical pathways, and prerequisites of intelligent agents to empower the high-quality development of scientific information. Professor Bao Yulai and colleagues advocate that integrating the perceptual elasticity of domain-specific large models with the cognitive rigidity of ontology can establish a new paradigm for intelligence services in complex scenarios. The synergy between the two can not only expand the theoretical boundaries of information science and serve national strategies, but also advance intelligence services from assisted analysis to intelligent decision-making. Professor Wei Jianxiang and colleagues point out that generative artificial intelligence has triggered …


Museum Of The American Gi, College Station, Texas, Gregory A. Daddis Jul 2026

Museum Of The American Gi, College Station, Texas, Gregory A. Daddis

Journal of Texas History

No abstract provided.


San Antonio Missions World Heritage Center, San Antonio, Tx, Joel Daniel Kitchens Jul 2026

San Antonio Missions World Heritage Center, San Antonio, Tx, Joel Daniel Kitchens

Journal of Texas History

No abstract provided.


Roots Unveiled: Chinese American History 1783-1945. Exhibition. Austin Public Library, Central Library, May 18–August 31, 2025. Presented By The Asian American Art & Culture Initiative. Curated By Xuhua (Sylvia) Zhan., Shouyue Zhang Jul 2026

Roots Unveiled: Chinese American History 1783-1945. Exhibition. Austin Public Library, Central Library, May 18–August 31, 2025. Presented By The Asian American Art & Culture Initiative. Curated By Xuhua (Sylvia) Zhan., Shouyue Zhang

Journal of Texas History

No abstract provided.


Somos Tejanas: Chicana Identity And Culture In Texas, Edited By Jody A. Marín And Norma E. Cantú, Laura Lee Oviedo Jul 2026

Somos Tejanas: Chicana Identity And Culture In Texas, Edited By Jody A. Marín And Norma E. Cantú, Laura Lee Oviedo

Journal of Texas History

No abstract provided.


The Names Of Four Scouts: Slavery, Settler Colonialism, And The Limits Of Incorporation At The Texas Capitol Complex Since 1983, Mark Mallory Jul 2026

The Names Of Four Scouts: Slavery, Settler Colonialism, And The Limits Of Incorporation At The Texas Capitol Complex Since 1983, Mark Mallory

Journal of Texas History

This essay takes the commemorated names of four Seminole Negro Indian Scout Medal of Honor recipients to examine public memory at the Texas Capitol Complex since 1983. Using archival documents, newspapers, exhibits, and monuments, it traces how the Texas State Preservation Board responded to criticism through limited incorporations of Black, Tejano, and women’s histories while preserving narratives that disavow slavery and settler colonialism. It argues that these incorporations reinforce a framework centered on Texas “pioneers,” obscuring Native histories and misrepresenting the complex intersections of Blackness and Indigeneity embodied by Black Seminole history.


Albert Parsons And The Nonpareil Strike Of 1871: Race And Labor In Reconstruction Texas, George Norris Green Jul 2026

Albert Parsons And The Nonpareil Strike Of 1871: Race And Labor In Reconstruction Texas, George Norris Green

Journal of Texas History

This article explores a little-known chapter in the life of anarchist Albert Parsons and illustrates the complexities of race and class in Reconstruction Texas. Loyal to the administration of Republican Texas Governor Edmund J. Davis, Parsons helped break a strike of white supremacist printers in Austin. His allegiance to the cause of African American rights superseded class solidarity with the printers. Less than two decades later, Parsons died while supporting striking workers in Chicago.


A Glimpse Into Classrooms: Teachers’ Experiences Pre- And Post-Covid, Sam Hilbert, Katherine Wheeler, Robin H. Lock, Janna Brendle, Kassi Gregory Jul 2026

A Glimpse Into Classrooms: Teachers’ Experiences Pre- And Post-Covid, Sam Hilbert, Katherine Wheeler, Robin H. Lock, Janna Brendle, Kassi Gregory

Journal of Educational Research and Practice

The COVID-19 pandemic forced many schools to pause in-person learning. Prior research indicates that these closures affected overall mental health and student academic performance. Mental health concerns, particularly anxiety and depression, were exacerbated for many school-aged children during these closures. Research has linked disorders, such as anxiety and depression, with changes in behaviors. Academic gaps have also been linked with negatively displayed behaviors in school settings. COVID school closures resulted in a 25% increased global prevalence of anxiety and depression diagnoses and an estimated 1-year academic loss in student learning. Although both variables have been shown to contribute to changes …


Customer Experience At The Heart Of The Moroccan Banking Revolution, Raja Temnati Jul 2026

Customer Experience At The Heart Of The Moroccan Banking Revolution, Raja Temnati

Revue Marocaine de Droit, d'Economie et de Gestion (Moroccan Journal of Law, Economics and Management)

This article examines customer satisfaction with Moroccan banks, particularly in the context of the growing digitalization of banking services. Based on a qualitative survey, it identifies the key factors influencing customer satisfaction, including the performance of online services, the speed of request processing, and the quality of interactions with bank advisors. The findings show that banks offering seamless and secure digital services while maintaining high-quality in-branch customer support achieve higher levels of customer satisfaction, loyalty, and corporate image. Conversely, banks with limited online services, high perceived fees, and inadequate branch service generate greater customer dissatisfaction. The study highlights the importance …


Impact Of Celebrity Endorsement On The Behavior Of Banking Service Users, Salima Debbarh Mounir, Safaa Idmoussa Jul 2026

Impact Of Celebrity Endorsement On The Behavior Of Banking Service Users, Salima Debbarh Mounir, Safaa Idmoussa

Revue Marocaine de Droit, d'Economie et de Gestion (Moroccan Journal of Law, Economics and Management)

This article examines the impact of advertising campaigns using celebrity endorsement strategies on the behavior of banking service users. The study is based on a qualitative investigation conducted among both customers and non-customers of the selected banking institution. The findings indicate that the presence of celebrities in advertising can effectively capture public attention and significantly enhance brand awareness and recognition. However, celebrity endorsement alone is insufficient to ensure customer loyalty. Service quality and user experience remain the primary determinants of trust and long-term relationships between banks and their customers.


The Holy Trinity: Religion Clauses And Education Funding On The Roberts Court, Philip T.K. Daniel, Jeffrey C. Sun Jul 2026

The Holy Trinity: Religion Clauses And Education Funding On The Roberts Court, Philip T.K. Daniel, Jeffrey C. Sun

ConLawNOW

The Supreme Court’s trinity of education subsidy cases have created an emergent pattern in education funding cases that extend much further than just emphasizing rules of neutrality and accommodation. These also potentially harm minoritized perspectives and identities by moving far beyond historic doctrinal groundings of separation of church and state. In three key cases all authored by Chief Justice Roberts, Trinity Lutheran Church of Columbia, Inc. v. Comer (2017),  Espinoza v. Montana Department of Revenue (2020), and Carson v. Makin (2022), the Court in this “Holy Trinity” of decisions moved from a theory of benevolent neutrality to policy abdication, relinquishing …


Experience Gained In Introducing Efficient Fodder Production In Iraq, Manfred Siebert Jul 2026

Experience Gained In Introducing Efficient Fodder Production In Iraq, Manfred Siebert

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

Cultivation of fodder plants is one of the most important measures for increasing the agri­cultural production of Iraq. Lucerne, Egyptian clover, maize, sorghum, and barley prosper excellently on the irrigation lands. They pro­duce high fodder yields if the plants are grown on suitable soil, if there is enough irrigation water available, and if the cultivation measures are realized in best quality. Fodder production guarantees sufficient and safe supply of the increasing stocks of cattle and sheep with green fodder, hay, and silage throughout the year, and contributes to improving the fertility of the soils of Iraq which are extremely poor …


Trials On The Improvement Of Deteriorated Natural Pastures In The Sahel Of Upper Volta, Bernard Toutain Jul 2026

Trials On The Improvement Of Deteriorated Natural Pastures In The Sahel Of Upper Volta, Bernard Toutain

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

Overstocking and the recent drought have led to a severe deterioration of some Sahelian rangelands of Upper Volta, leading to a more or less acute disappearance of grazable vege­tation. Partial protection improves pastures located on the more fertile soils. On the poorer soils, light techniques such as harrowing and superficial tillage of the soil were tried with success, but yield improvement remained slight.


Problems And Possibilities Of Continuous Forage Production In Arid Subtropical Regions, Horst Patzold Jul 2026

Problems And Possibilities Of Continuous Forage Production In Arid Subtropical Regions, Horst Patzold

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

The low animal performance and stocking rate in arid subtropical regions mainly depend on the discontinuity of forage production. In winter-raining steppes of North Africa, the cultivation or sod-seeding of adapted grasses, especially for forage production in the dry season. (summer), is recommended. For the dry savannas of West Africa with summer­raining, proposals are made for three different stages depending on the intensity of land use. They include a better use of grazing areas by transhumance, proposals for a ranching system, especially for meat production, and possibil­ities for milk production by stabling of cattle, including forage production under irrigation.


Ecqnomics Of Nitrogen Fertilization Of Native And Introduced Grasslands In The Intermountain Area Of The United States, John P. Workman Jul 2026

Ecqnomics Of Nitrogen Fertilization Of Native And Introduced Grasslands In The Intermountain Area Of The United States, John P. Workman

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

While numerous studies have shown that live­stock forage can be significantly increased by grassland fertilization, there is little mention in the literature of the economic considera­tions of this management practice. A Utah State University study was conducted to help alleviate this research deficiency. Forage pro­duction response of several Utah grassland sites to nitrogen fertilization was subjected to marginal economic analysis. When fertilized forage was harvested as hay, nitrogen appli­cation proved to be a profitable practice on semi-wet meadow and mountain loam sites. When valued as forage to be grazed directly by livestock, production increases due to fer­tilization were unprofitable. Significant …


Weed Control-Revegetation Systems, Raymond A. Evans, James A. Young Jul 2026

Weed Control-Revegetation Systems, Raymond A. Evans, James A. Young

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

Chemical weed control systems integrating 2,4-D [(2,4-dichlorophenoxy) acetic acid] or picloram ( 4-amino-3,5,6-trichloropicolinic acid) spraying for brush control and atrazine[2-chloro-4-( ethylamino-6-isopropylamino )-s-tria­zine] for Bromus tectorum L. control were investigated in a series of rangeland commu­nities. Applications of both weed control tech­nique greatly enhanced seedling growth and increased yield of perennial grasses seeded the year after the fallow. Available soil moisture during the growing period of the fallow and seedling years because of decreased weed com­petition was the major factor for the better stands of perennial grass from herbicidal weed control systems.