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Dental Health Behaviors Among Homemakers And The Association With Socioeconomic Status A Study From Delhi, India, Rahul Sharma, Dinesh Raja, Vikas Kumar

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

Background:

Women who are homemakers represent a vulnerable group regarding dental health, given the traditionally low importance placed on their health and preventive behavior, especially in the developing countries.

Objective:

To study the dental health-related behaviors among the homemakers in a region of Delhi, India, and its association with socioeconomic status (SES).

Materials and Methods:

A community-based cross-sectional study done in four selected residential colonies in a region of Delhi. Seven hundred and fifty-four homemakers residing in the colonies participated in the study.

Results:

Of the women, only 45.5% brushed their teeth twice daily while just 5.2% flossed their teeth …

A Longitudinal Study To Evaluate Effect Of Surgically Induced Astigmatism After Phacoemulsification Clear Corneal Incision Placed In The Steepest Meridian On Eyes With Preexisting Astigmatism, Umesh Harakuni, Anju Meena, Amishi Khanna, Abhinav Biala

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

Context:

Surgically induced astigmatism (SIA) is the cause of poor postoperative vision even after uneventful cataract surgery.

Aims:

(1) To evaluate the effect of SIA after phacoemulsification clear corneal incision in the steepest meridian on the magnitude of preexisting astigmatism (PEA). (2) To map the magnitude of SIA by incisions in superior (S) and temporal (T) positions.

Settings and Design:

KLES Dr. Prabhakar Kore Hospital and Medical Research Centre (MRC), Belagavi, Karnataka. Longitudinal study.

Subjects and Methods:

The present 1-year study was conducted in the Department of Ophthalmology, KLES Dr. Prabhakar Kore Hospital and MRC, Belagavi, on patients undergoing cataract …

Prevalence Of Ocular Trauma In Kles Hospital A 1-Year Cross-Sectional Study, Shivanand B. Patil, Abhinav Biala, Amishi Khanna, Anju Meena

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

Context:

People affected by eye injury often have to face loss of career opportunities, major lifestyle changes, and occasionally permanent disfigurement.

Aims:

(1) To find the prevalence of ocular trauma in patients attending our hospital. (2) To find the clinical profile of ocular trauma patients and the cause of trauma in them.

Settings and Design:

This was a cross-sectional study conducted at KLE Hospital, Belagavi, Karnataka.

Subjects and Methods:

The present 1-year study was conducted in the Department of Ophthalmology, KLES Dr. Prabhakar Kore Hospital and Medical Research Centre, Belagavi, on 2308 trauma patients presenting to the ophthalmology outpatient department …

Expression Of P120-Catenin Expression In Oral Epithelial Dysplasia And Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma An Immunohistochemical Study, Aishwarya Rajeev, Punnya V. Angadi

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

Objective:

Most oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) are preceded by premalignant conditions that demonstrate histopathologically as epithelial dysplasia and their malignant potential of a lesion is mainly determined using various grading systems. Loss of p120 catenin (p120) or its phosphorylation destabilizes E-cadherin; thereby it regulates cadherin stability and turnover which could affect the cell adhesive and migratory capacity. Therefore, p120 is related to invasiveness and progression of various human epithelial many tumor types, including OSCCs.

Methodology:

The immunoexpression of p120 in 60 selected cases were grouped into; oral epithelial dysplasia (OED) (

n

= 40) and OSCC (

n

= …

Comparative Evaluation Of The Most Reliable Posterior Reference Point Of Camper′S Plane In Relation With Hamular Notch-Incisive Papilla Plane With Change In Gender Of Edentulous Subjects A Cephalometric Study, Kirandeep Kaur, Santosh Y. Nelogi, Raghunath Patil

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

Statement of the Problem:

Camper's plane is widely used to orient occlusal plane in edentulous patients, but the most reliable posterior reference point of Camper's plane is controversial.

Purpose:

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the most reliable posterior reference point of Camper's plane in relation with hamular notch-incisive papilla (HIP) plane with change in gender of edentulous subjects.

Materials and Methods:

The study was performed on 20 males and 20 females in the age group of 50-65 years. The conventional method of primary and secondary impression making was followed. The deepest point of the right hamular notch …

Evaluation Of Anticonvulsant Activity Of Polyherbal Formulation Based On Ayurvedic Formulation, Arka Ghosh, Ashish Mishra, Ankit Seth, Santosh Kumar Maurya

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

Background:

The aim of the present study was to develop a polyherbal formulation for epilepsy. Present polyherbal formulation (PHF) (containing

Operculina turpethum

(L.) Silva Manso,

Mimosa pudica

L.,

Uraria picta

(Jacq.) DC.,

Cajanus cajan

(L.) Millsp, and

Lawsonia inermis

L.) is based on an ayurvedic formulation "

Brihad Panchagavya Ghrita

" indicated for epilepsy.

Materials and Methods:

To establish the scientific basis of mechanism, we examined the effects of methanolic extract of PHF (100, 200, and 400 mg/kg, p.o.) on maximal electric shock (MES), pentylenetetrazol (PTZ), and isoniazid (INH)-induced convulsions as well as gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA)-glutamate level in the brain …

Social Support Influencing Diabetes Self-Management Behaviors A Cross-Sectional Study In Udupi Taluk, Edison Khymdeit, P. Arathi Rao, Prakash Narayanan, Shreemathi Mayya

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

Background:

India is witnessing an increase in diabetic cases as peoples' lifestyle change. This rapid increase of cases has led to an increase in the healthcare burden of the country with a considerable financial strain occurring due to the cost spent on diabetes treatment annually. Proper management of diabetes is based on good self-management behaviors (diet control, physical activity, glucose monitoring, and adherence to medication). Globally, studies have indicated the link between self-management behaviors and social support. Proper self-management behaviors could be the key to reducing the healthcare burden arising due to diabetes.

Objective:

The objective of this study was …

Role Of, Bhrigu Kumar Das, Basavaraj C. Koti, Pramod C. Gadad

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

Objective:

This study aims to evaluate the role of

Lycopersicon

esculentum

in diethylnitrosamine (DEN)-induced and phenobarbital (PB)-promoted hepatocellular carcinoma.

Materials and Methods:

The hepatocarcinogenesis was induced in male Wistar albino rats by DEN (single injection, 200 mg/kg, i.p

.

); 2 weeks later, 0.05% w/v of PB was administered through drinking water for 16 weeks. The treatment group rats received a similar dosage as above along with enzymatic extract of

L.

esculentum

(250 mg/kg body weight p.o.) at 3

rd

week onward. The carcinogenesis was evaluated by estimating biochemical markers such as alanine transaminase (ALT), aspartate transaminase (AST), alkaline phosphatase …

Comparison Of Oral And Sublingual Piroxicam For Management Of Postoperative Pain After Mandibular Third Molar Surgery A Prospective, Randomized Study, Shruti Shashikant Phulgirkar, Lingaraj J. Balihallimath

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

Background and Objectives:

Surgical extraction of the third molars has been one of the widely performed procedures of all the minor oral surgical procedures in oral and maxillofacial surgery. Inflammation is a critical part of the normal sequence of healing as well as is an important cause for postoperative sequelae. They include pain, restriction of mouth opening, and swelling which are a few reasons for discomfort to the patient. There are various measures for the management of these complications including administration of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. This study was done to compare the clinical efficacy of oral and sublingual piroxicam in …

Microbiologic Spectrum And Susceptibility Pattern Of Urinary Isolates From Pediatric Patients In A Superspecialty Hospital A 3-Year Experience, Abha Sharma, Bibhabati Mishra, Vinita Dogra

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

Introduction:

UTI causes significant child morbidity and mortality.

Enterobacteriaecae

are most common uropathogens. Recently

Enterococcus spp

, yeast and

Staphylococcus aureus

have emerged as paediatric uropathogens. Understanding of local susceptibility pattern guides antibiotic therapy in UTI. This study describes demographic and susceptibility profile of uropathogens in children.

Method:

The urinary isolates were analysed retrospectively and data on age, sex, result of urine culture, etiological agent and susceptibility pattern were obtained from laboratory record books.

Result:

315 urine samples analysed showed 34% significant bacteruria. Prevalence of UTI among male and female children was 62% and 37.9% respectively, statistically significant (

P …

An Overview On Sildenafil And Female Infertility, Jyoti M. Benni, Paragouda A. Patil

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

Endometrial thickness (EM) is one of the strongest predictors of implantation rate and ongoing pregnancy success rate. The endometrial growth is dependent on the uterine blood flow and angiogenesis. Recently, some reports discussed the possible beneficial effects of sildenafil citrate on EM. Sildenafil citrate leads to smooth muscle relaxation and vasodilation. Because of these biological properties, it is a potential candidate for female infertility, especially in the management of thin endometrium, which leads to low implantation and pregnancy rates. An updated electronic search was performed through PUBMED, MEDLINE, and COCHRANE and focused on peer-reviewed, randomized controlled trials, and observational cohort …

Need To Study Biostatistics In Medical Curriculum, Rajendra B. Nerli, Shridhar C. Ghagane

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

No abstract provided.

Idiopathic Eosinophilic Ascites With Spontaneous Resolution, Mansoor C. Abdulla, Jemshad Alungal, R. Ashitha Menon

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

No abstract provided.

Bathtub Concept In Health Sciences A Comment, Nidhi Dwivedi, Sandeep Sachdeva, Anika Sulania

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

Bathtub shape has important connotations in public health and the concept could be reflected in two novel ways: (1) engineering (2) epidemiological model. Typical bath-tub curve is a combination of three failure rates, that is, decreasing, constant, and increasing failure rate, and different techniques are utilized to reduce these failures. This brief study highlights the concept of bath-tub, related theory, application, and how data modeling could be undertaken considering bath-tub failure rate.

Evidence-Based Medicine A Non-Starter In India?, Ravindra Bhaskar Ghooi, Shailesh Deshpande

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

Introduction:

All patients have a right to the best treatment for the ailment that they suffer from, and the best treatment usually would be evidence based medicine (EBM).

Practice of EBM:

This is formulated considering the physician's personal experience, that of the peers and the patients' expectations. In our country EBM is conspicuous in its absence due to poor maintenance of patients' records, poor access to journals and non-involvement of patients in therapeutic decisions. Physicians in private practice are generally not trained to evaluate external experience, whatever is available. Badly designed diagnostic approach and poor quality of information on which …

Hypoglycemic Effect Of A Case Study, Rajkala S. Ramteke, Anup B. Thakar, Karishma Singh

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

Diabetes mellitus (DM) refers to a group of common metabolic disorders that share the phenotype of hyperglycemia. Diabetes is mounting at an alarming rate, all over the world. The International Diabetes Federation predicts that the number of people living with diabetes will to rise from 366 million in 2011 to 552 million by 2030. In spite of all the advances in therapeutics, diabetes still remains a major cause of morbidity and mortality in the world. In such scenario, there is need of establish an alternative and effective therapy to control DM and prevent the complications. DM can be equated with …

Clinical Profile Of A Case Of Axonal Sensory Neuropathy An Ayurvedic Management, Vittal G. Huddar, Neha Sharma, Riteshkumar Lahoti

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

A 19-year-old female diagnosed as asymmetrical axonal sensory neuropathy by nerve conduction study, with the complaints of severe burning, sweating, and pricking type of pain in both the feet more in right foot, for 5 months attended the Kayachikitsa (General medicine) OPD. Based on clinical presentation, it was diagnosed as burning feet syndrome, a condition that causes severe burning and aching of the feet, hyperesthesia, and vasomotor changes of the feet that lead to excessive sweating. This condition occurs more frequently in women and usually manifests itself when a person is between 20 and 40-year-old. The pathophysiology of burning feet …

Levofloxacin-Induced Bullous Fixed Drug Eruption A Rare Case Report, Ranjana S. Kale, Bhalchandra N. Awari, Dipankar Chakraborty, Satish E. Bahekar

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

Drug-induced cutaneous adverse drug reactions are very much common, especially with antibiotics. Fluoroquinolones are widely used antibiotics for different types of infective conditions. However, dermatological adverse drug reactions to this category of antibiotics are very rare but many times fatal. Bullous fixed drug eruption (FDE), being one of them, is very important to watch for. Here, we are reporting levofloxacin-induced bullous FDE in elderly hypertensive patient.

A Seven-Step Approach To Master The Practical Skills In Microbiology Among 2 A Randomized Control Trial, Sheetal U. Harakuni, Vijaya Dandannvar, Maheshwar D. Mallapur

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

Context:

Undergraduate students are taught, basic procedures of microbiology such as Gram's-staining, Ziehl–Neelsen staining, and focusing of the stained slide using light microscope. It is found that students mostly fail to perform right staining procedures and report a given slide.

Aims:

This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of modified Peyton's seven step method to learn basic procedures of microbiology, in comparison to 'see one, do one' method, by a randomized control trial following McGaghie's Mastery learning model.

Subjects and Methods:

The study group of 45 students was taught by adopting Peyton's seven step method, the control group of 41 …

Future Aspirations Of Undergraduate Medical Students At Government Medical College, Ajmer (Rajasthan), Mohit Sharma, Mahima Sharma, Priyanka Kapoor, Sushil Yadav

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

Background:

Distribution of available manpower in healthcare sector is an important issue to maintain the optimum health status of the community. The study of aspirations of the undergraduate medical students might help to know the future availability of the medical fraternity in various fields and to understand the necessities in the medical education field in Rajasthan State.

Methods:

A cross-sectional study was conducted among 500 undergraduate medical students of JLN Medical College, Ajmer (Rajasthan) in November 2015, using a self-administered questionnaire.

Results:

There were 65% males and 35% females. About 41.88% students were from rural and 58.12% were from urban …

Anti-Inflammatory Effects Of, Inemesit Okon Ben, Okon Effiom Etim, Nsikan Malachy Udo

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

Background:

Methanolic extract of

Napoleona imperialis

, was evaluated for anti-inflammatory effect.

Method:

Inflammogens used were carrageenan, histamine and formaldehyde.

Napoleona imperialis

(200-600mg/kg) was administered orally 30 minutes before the induction of inflammation. Diclofenac (10-100mg/kg) and chlorpheniramine (10-100 mg/kg) was administered intraperitoneally.

Results:

Extract and Diclofenac significantly (F

4, 12

=15.55,

P

<0.01; F

4, 12

=13.76

P

<0.01, respectively) inhibited inflammation induced with carrageenan, with extract's maximal inhibitory effect of 64% at dose 400 mg/kg. Diclofenac showed maximal inhibitory effect of 67% at dose 30 mg/kg. Extract and chlorpheniramine significantly (F

4, 12

=22.14,

P

<0.01; F

4, 12

=16.81,

P

<0.001, respectively) reduced histamine-induced edema with extract having maximal inhibitory effect of 73% at 200 mg/kg. Chlorpheniramine also had maximal inhibitory effect of 70% at 10 mg/kg. Extract and diclofenac significantly (F

3, 16

=11.06

P

<0.001; F

3, 16

=22.4

P

<0.0001, respectively) reduced acute phase of the formaldehyde-induced arthritis. Extract produced maximal effect of 67% at 200 and 400 mg/kg. Diclofenac had a maximal effect of 85% at 100 mg/kg. The chronic phase was ameliorated by extract and diclofenac significantly (F

3, 16

=11.18

P

<0.001; F

3, 16

=18.07

P

<0.0001, respectively). Extract and diclofenac also significantly (F

3, 24

=19.38

P

<0.0001; F

3, 24

=59.89

P

<0.0001, respectively) minimized progression of inflammation from acute to chronic phase. Extract produced a maximal effect of 83% at 400 mg/kg at chronic phase. Diclofenac also had maximal effect of 98% at 30 and 100 mg/kg. Extract and diclofenac, significantly (F

4, 12

=5.09

P

<0.05; F

4, 12

=31.98

P

<0.001, respectively) reduced arthritic score.

Conclusion:

This study shows …

Seroprevalence Of Transfusion Transmitted Infections Among Blood Donors At A Tertiary Care Hospital Blood Bank In North India, Dev Raj Arya, N. L. Mahawar, Rashi Pachaury, Arun Bharti, Lokesh Sharma, Harish Kumar, Veer Bahadur Singh

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

Background:

Blood transfusion service is a sensitive issue as it is covered by “Drug and Cosmetics Act” and has legal implications. Strict criteria are followed while selecting a donor so that proper blood free of all pathogens is available for recipient.

Aim:

To study seroprevalence of transfusion-transmitted major infections (HIV, hepatitis B virus [HBV], hepatitis C virus [HCV], syphilis, and malaria) among blood donors at a Tertiary Care Government Hospital Blood Bank in North India and to compare positivity of markers of these infections in voluntary and replacement donors.

Subjects and Methods:

This study was conducted over a period of …

Effect Of Β-Asarone On Diethylnitrosamine-Induced Hepatocellular Carcinoma In Rats, Sebashree R. Roy, Pramod C. Gadad

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

Aim:

This study was designed to evaluate the effect of β-asarone on diethylnitrosamine (DEN) induced and phenobarbital-promoted hepatocellular carcinoma in rats.

Materials and Methods:

The experiments were carried out with two models, i.e., tumor initiation and promotion model. The effect of β-asarone was evaluated by the estimation of food and water consumption, body and liver weights, liver function indicators such as aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase, total and direct bilirubin, cancer indicators such as alpha-fetoprotein, DNA, RNA, and total liver protein content, and histopathological studies.

Results:

The results showed that the levels of liver function indicators were brought down …

Rasa Assessment Of 10, Sushama B. Bhuvad, Nishteswar Karra

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

Context:

The knowledge of basic fundamentals of Dravyaguna such as

Rasa, Guna, Veerya, Vipaka

, and

Prabhava

helps in the proper selection of the drugs for the treatment of the diseases. Acharyas had given simple characteristics to identify the

Rasas

. These characters can be useful to determine the

Rasa

of the unknown drugs by designing a special proforma.

Aim:

To revalidate individual characteristics of

Rasa

mentioned in the classical text with known, classical drugs mentioned in the

Madhuraskandha

, using structured proforma in healthy volunteers.

Settings and Design:

The study was planned with single-blind method in 200 healthy volunteers …

Relationship Of Static Balance With Fundamental Motor Skills In Children With Visual Impairments A Cross-Sectional Study, Deepa Metgud, Radhika Honap

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

Background:

Balance is a complex process which involves reception and integration of sensory inputs followed by planning and execution of movement to achieve upright posture. Vision is one of the most important senses that contribute for maintenance of balance and to explore wide range physical activities, termed as fundamental motor skills. Due to compromised vision, children with visual impairments may have fear of fall which in turn leads to reduced physical activity.

Objective:

To find the relationship between static and dynamic balance with fundamental motor skills in children with visual impairments.

Methodology:

This was a cross-sectional study done in visually …

Design, Formulation And Evaluation Of Carboxy Methyl Tamarind Based, Fatima S. Dasankoppa, Seema Kujur, Hasan Pasha Nazeer Ahmed Sholapur, Vilas G. Jamakandi

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

Introduction:

A major problem in ocular therapeutics is the attainment of optimum drug concentration at the site of action, which is compromised mainly due to precorneal loss resulting in only a small fraction of the drugs being absorbed. The effective dose administered may be altered by increasing the retention time of medication into the eye by using in situ gel forming polymeric systems.

Materials and Methods:

In the present investigation, an attempt has been made to design, formulate, and evaluate in situ gelling-based ophthalmic drug delivery system dorzolamide hydrochloride to enhance the precorneal retention and to improve the ocular bioavailability. …

A Comparison Of Titanium Clips Versus Roeder's Knot Tying Suture In Laparoscopic Appendiceal Stump Closure A 1-Year Randomized Controlled Trial Study In Kles Dr. Prabhakar Kore Charitable Hospital, Belgaum, Nikhil Dixit, Abhijit S. Gogate

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

Background and Objectives:

Appendiceal stump closure during laparoscopic appendectomy (LA) is an important step. This study was an attempt to evaluate the ease of use and safety of titanium clips compared to Roeder's knot in the appendiceal stump closure in patients undergoing LA by comparing complications (intraoperative and postoperative), hospital stay, and follow-up period.

Materials and Methods:

This 1-year randomized controlled trial was done in under the Department of General Surgery, KLES Dr. Prabhakar Kore Hospital and Medical Research Centre, Belgaum from January 2014 to December 2014. A total of 60 patients were divided into two groups of 30 each …

Knowledge And Perception Regarding Childhood Pneumonia Among Mothers Of Under-Five Children In Rural Areas Of Udupi Taluk, Karnataka A Cross-Sectional Study, Susan Mary Pradhan, Arathi P. Rao, Sanjay M. Pattanshetty, A. R. Nilima

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

Background:

A large number of children die due to pneumonia making it the single largest infectious cause of death more than AIDS, measles, and malaria combined. In India, acute respiratory infection is a major public health problem, especially for the age group of 0–5 years which contributes to 15–30% of deaths falling under this age group and most of these deaths are preventable.

Objective:

To assess the level of knowledge and perception regarding childhood pneumonia among mothers of under-five children.

Materials and Methods:

A cross-sectional study was conducted among 460 mothers of under-five children. Interviewer-administered structured questionnaire was used for …

Formulation And Evaluation Of Liposomal Transdermal Patch For Targeted Drug Delivery Of Tamoxifen Citrate For Breast Cancer, Anjana Ashok Adhyapak, Babasaheb Gangadhar Desai

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

Background:

In the present investigation, tamoxifen-loaded liposomes transdermal patch was formulated using eudragit-RL, hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose K-50, and ethyl cellulose.

Materials and Methods:

Liposomes were formulated by solvent evaporation method using poly (sebacic acid-co-ricinoleic acid) in varying ratios and evaluated for particle size, drug loading, entrapment efficiency, transmission electron microscopy, differential scanning calorimetry, and X-ray diffraction. Formulated tamoxifen-loaded liposomes were finally incorporated into transdermal patch and evaluated for thickness drug content, moisture content, moisture uptake, folding endurance, tensile strength diffusion coefficient, permeability coefficient, in vitro permeation, and skin irritation. Optimized transdermal patches were tested for its pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamics parameters …

Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder In Children With Idiopathic Epilepsy A Cross-Sectional Study, Joel Philip, Nanasaheb M. Patil, Mahesh Kamate

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

Aim:

This study sought to determine the prevalence and characteristics of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) in children with idiopathic epilepsy (CWE).

Methodology:

Purposive sampling was done to select 94 children with idiopathic epilepsy. These children were administered the Abbreviated Conners Scale to screen for ADHD, which was then confirmed using DSM 5 diagnostic criteria.

Results:

23.4% of CWE were found to have comorbid ADHD, compared to 3-5% in the general population. The characteristics of ADHD also differed in our sample as compared to the general population.

Conclusion:

The findings of our study can help make diagnosticians more astute to …