Digital Commons Network^™

Understanding Elementary Teachers’ Experiences Implementing Technology In A 1:1 Classroom, Susan Mccurry

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

The availability of technology resources in elementary classrooms is becoming more commonplace, including environments where every child has a laptop. The problem addressed in this basic qualitative study was that elementary school teachers in kindergarten through the fifth grade struggled to adapt their teaching to the 1:1 technology-based approach at Fennario School District (FSD, a pseudonym), an urban southern elementary schools. The purpose of this study, framed by Magana’s translational, transformative, transcendent, framework for innovation in education, and Bandura’s theory of self-efficacy, was to explore elementary school teachers’ successes, challenges, and the resources needed to integrate 1:1 laptop technology in …

Pengaruh Penerapan Teknik Relaksasi Otot Progresif Berbasis Musik Instrumental Terhadap Gejala Stres Kerja Pada Pegawai Di Dinas Kesehatan Kabupaten Probolinggo, Salwa Isna Barlian, Anita Sulistyorini, Marji Marji, Agung Kurniawan

National Journal of Occupational Health and Safety

Work stress symptoms are a condition where there is a mismatch between a person's condition and work demands, resulting in mental (psychological), physical, and behavioral disorders. Government employees are among those who are vulnerable to experiencing work stress symptoms. Based on preliminary study results, the Probolinggo Regency Health Office is one of the type A offices with a high workload, and several employees have been found to experience symptoms of work stress. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of applying instrumental music-based progressive muscle relaxation techniques on work stress symptoms in employees at the Probolinggo Regency …

Hubungan Repetitive Motion, Beban Kerja, Shift Kerja, Dan Kualitas Tidur Dengan Kelelahan Kerja Pada Petugas Aviation Security, Cindy Puspita Sari, Anita Sulistyorini, Marji Marji, Erianto Fanani, Tika Dwi Tama

National Journal of Occupational Health and Safety

The aviation sector is one of the work areas that requires the implementation of Occupational Health and Safety (OHS). Work in the aviation sector also presents various risks, one of which can occur in work accidents caused by fatigue. Based on preliminary studies conducted on Aviation Security Officers (AVSEC), there are symptoms of work fatigue. The study aims to determine the relationship of repetitive motion, workload, work shifts, and sleep quality with job fatigue in AVSEC officers. The research used a quantitative observational study with an analytic design through a cross-sectional approach with a total of 76 AVSEC officers. The …

Faktor-Faktor Yang Berhubungan Dengan Kecelakaan Kerja Pada Operator Dump Truck Di Pt. X Kabupaten Kutai Timur, Anindya Sashi Kirana, Muhammad Sultan, Ida Lestari, Iwan Muhamad Ramdan, Dewi Novita Hardianti

National Journal of Occupational Health and Safety

Coal mining is one of the industries that has a high level of danger and risk of work accidents. In 2023, in PT X department Z there were 36 work accidents with the most units occurring in the dump truck unit. The purpose of this study was to determine the factors associated with work accidents in dump truck operators at PT X East Kutai Regency in 2025. This study used a cross sectional study design with 78 respondents who were dump truck operators taken by stratified random sampling. Data collection using questionnaires and CMR (Compliance Monitoring Report) observation sheets that …

Arterial Stiffness In Heart-Healthy Indigenous Tsimane Forager-Horticulturalists, Tianyu Cao, Edhitt Cortez Linares, Raul Quispe Gutierrez, Daniel Eid Rodriguez, Jesus Bani Cuata, Michael I. Miyamoto, Christopher Von Rueden, Daniel K. Cummings, Paul L. Hooper, Benjamin C. Trumble, Jonathan Stieglitz, Randall C. Thompson, Gregory S. Thomas, Hillard S. Kaplan, Daniel A. Duprez, David R. Jacobs Jr., Michael Gurven

ESI Publications

Background

Methods

Energy Expenditure And Obesity Across The Economic Spectrum, Amanda Mcgrosky, Amy Luke, Leonore Arab, Kweku Bedu-Addo, Alberto G. Bonomi, Pascal Bovet, Soren Brage, Maciej S. Buchowski, Nancy Butte, Stefan G. Camps, Regina Casper, Daniel K. Cummings, Sai Krupa Das, Sanjoy Deb, Lara R. Dugas, Ulf Ekelund, Terrence Forrester, Barry W. Fudge, Melanie Gillingham, Annelies H. Goris, Michael Gurven, Catherine Hambly, Annemiek Joosen, Peter T. Katzmarzyk, Kitty P. Kempen, William E. Kraus, Wantanee Kriengsinyos, Rebecca Kuriyan, Robert F. Kushner, Estelle V. Lambert, Christel L. Larsson, William R. Leonard, Nader Lessan, Marie Löf, Corby K. Martin, Anine C. Medin, Marian L. Neuhouser, Kirsi H. Pietilainen, Guy Plasqui, Ross L. Prentice, Susan B. Racette, David A. Raichlen, Eric Ravussin, Leanne Redman, Rebecca M. Reynolds, Eric B. Rimm, Susan Roberts, Asher Y. Rosinger, Mary H. Samuels, Srishti Sinha, J. Josh Snodgrass, Eric Stice, Ricardo Uauy, Samuel S. Urlacher, Jeanine A. Verbunt, Bruce Wolfe, Brian Wood, Xueying Zhang, Alexia J. Murphy-Alford, Cornelia J. Loechl, Jennifer Rood, Hiroyuki Sagayama, Dale A. Schoeller, Klaas R. Westerterp, William W. Wong, Yosuke Yamada, John R. Speakman, Herman Pontzer, The Iaea Dlw Database Consortium

ESI Publications

Global economic development has been associated with an increased prevalence of obesity and related health problems. Increased caloric intake and reduced energy expenditure are both cited as development-related contributors to the obesity crisis, but their relative importance remains unresolved. Here, we examine energy expenditure and two measures of obesity (body fat percentage and body mass index, BMI) for 4,213 adults from 34 populations across six continents and a wide range of lifestyles and economies, including hunter-gatherer, pastoralist, farming, and industrialized populations. Economic development was positively associated with greater body mass, BMI, and body fat, but also with greater total, basal, …

Ai In Higher Education: Balancing Innovation And Ethical Challenges.Pdf, Takahiro Fujimoto, Nelson Zee Yang Wong, Siti Aishah Berhan

Jesselton Journal of Educators and Scholars

This study examines the integration of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in higher education, focusing on both its transformative potential and the challenges it introduces for teaching, learning, and institutional operations. As AI technologies such as machine learning, natural language processing, and data analytics become more prevalent, they offer opportunities to personalize learning, enhance administrative efficiency, and support student success. However, the adoption of AI also presents significant barriers, including technological limitations, faculty resistance, ethical concerns, and disparities in access among students and institutions. Using a qualitative research approach and thematic analysis, this research explores the perspectives of administrators, faculty, and students …

Workforce Resilience And Staff Retention Strategies At The Front Of House (Foh) Department: A Case Study Of Ascott Hotel Kuala Lumpur.Pdf, Hanley Chew, Jamalludin Helmi Hashim, Sie Ling Tan

Jesselton Journal of Educators and Scholars

The hospitality industry faces significant challenges in workforce resilience and staff retention, particularly in the Front of House (FOH) department, where high employee turnover can impact service quality and operational efficiency. The research offers detailed insight into workforce resilience along with staff retention strategies at the FOH department highlighting Ascott Hotel Kuala Lumpur. An overview of the Hospitality Industry has been provided for a better understanding of the topic. It also includes various research techniques along with methods considering ethical norms and rules. This study illustrates the potential of Ascott Hotel’s employees in developing workforce resilience and staff retention strategies. …

Innovation And Risk Management In High-Risk Medical Device Development_ Lessons From Japanese Venture Companies.Docx.Pdf, Seiya Shimanuki, Motohiro Kita, Desmond Cherng En Lee, Ahmad Massu Ramli

Jesselton Journal of Educators and Scholars

This article investigates the unique challenges and strategic responses associated with developing high-risk medical devices, emphasizing insights from the Japanese medical technology sector. Utilizing a comprehensive case study of Sun Medical Technology Institute, the research highlights critical strategies, including technological diversity management, simplification of device structures, adoption of low-tech solutions, and leveraging strategic external collaborations to mitigate developmental risks and resource constraints. Additionally, the study explores regulatory complexities, underscoring the importance of proactive compliance strategies in navigating stringent regulatory frameworks effectively. By integrating quantitative patent data analyses, including Lorenz curves and Gini coefficients, the findings reveal the significant impact of …

Adapting To Local Consumer Behaviour And Competitive Pressures: A Case Study Of Digital Transformation In Retail.Pdf, Ge Yan, Louis Yuk Su Chin, Changh Hao Han

Jesselton Journal of Educators and Scholars

This study examines how a multinational retail company adapted to the competitive pressures and local consumer behaviors in the Chinese market through digital transformation. By integrating e-commerce platforms, mobile payment systems, and personalized digital marketing, the company enhanced consumer engagement, optimized operational efficiency, and built a localized brand presence. The case study method draws on both primary data from internal surveys and financial reports and secondary data from reputable industry sources. Key findings reveal a substantial increase in customer satisfaction, higher adoption of mobile payment systems in urban areas, and improved inventory management through predictive analytics. The company’s omnichannel strategy, …

Empowering Leadership, Organizational Culture, And Lecturer Innovativeness In Malaysian Universities_ The Moderating Role Of Psychological Capital.Pdf, Shu Ya Guo, Fung Lan Yong

Jesselton Journal of Educators and Scholars

This study investigates the impact of empowering leadership and organizational culture on lecturer innovativeness in Malaysian universities, emphasizing the moderating role of psychological capital. Utilizing a comprehensive theoretical framework that integrates leadership, organizational behavior, and positive psychology theories, the research explores how leadership practices and cultural factors within educational institutions contribute to innovation among lecturers. Data were collected through surveys and analyzed using statistical methods, revealing that both empowering leadership and a supportive organizational culture significantly enhance lecturer innovativeness. Furthermore, psychological capital, encompassing self-efficacy, optimism, hope, and resilience, was found to positively moderate the relationship between leadership, culture, and innovativeness. …

Parental Attitudes To Risky Play And Children’S Independent Mobility: Public Health Implications For Children In Ireland, Fiona Armstrong, Michael Joseph Barrett, David Gaul, Lorraine D’Arcy

Research Outputs: 2025-Present

Background: Understanding the determinants of children’s outdoor play is an important element for child development and broader public health outcomes. There is growing evidence that children’s opportunities for play, particularly outdoor risky play, are diminishing. Parents are concerned with keeping their child safe while affording them independence to play. This study explored parents’ attitudes to risky play and practices around children’s independent mobility in Ireland with the aim of informing public health strategies promoting healthy childhood environments. Methods: An online survey comprising validated scales and standardised questions was completed by a nationally represented sample of 376 parents of children up …

Ndls Communicator: Week Of 07.14.25, Notre Dame Law School

NDLS Communicator

The Latest News

• Notre Dame Law School Professors Sadie Blanchard and Sherif Girgis granted tenure and promoted to full professor
• Experts from across the world convene at fifth annual Notre Dame Religious Liberty Summit

Faculty Briefs

• Bob Jones
• Jay Tidmarsh
• Lloyd Mayer
• Fr. John Paul Kimes
• Derek Muller
• Rick Garnett
• Judy Fox
• Christian Burset
• Diane Desierto
• Kari Gallagher
• Mary Ellen O'Connell
• David McIlroy
• Satvinder Juss
• Jorge Barrera-Rojas

Student & Alumni News

• John F. Crowley, J.D. '89, was elected to serve on the University of Notre Dame's Board of Trustees.
• Joshua Dunlap, J.D. '08, was nominated by President Donald Trump to …

Silent Threats: Awareness And Attitudes To Communication Of Sudep Among Neurologists In India: A Cross-Sectional Study, Rohit Shankar

Peninsula Medical School

Background: International guidelines unequivocally endorse the importance and need to discuss Sudden Unexpected Death in Epilepsy (SUDEP) with people with epilepsy (PWE). India is a country accounting for a sixth of all global epilepsy burden. Despite this little is known of Indian neurologists’ knowledge and attitudes to SUDEP. Objective: To explore India Neurologists awareness and attitudes to SUDEP communication to PWE. Methods: A cross-sectional online survey of Likert response questions using validated themes, was circulated among the neurology fraternity, India. Non-discriminatory exponential snowballing technique leading to convenience non-probability sampling was used. The inquiry involved SUDEP-related topics including the awareness, knowledge, …

Large B Cell Lymphoma Microenvironment Archetype Profiles, Xubin Li, Kartik Singhal, Qing Deng, Dai Chihara, David Russler-Germain, R Andrew Harkins, Jared Henderson, Kotaro Arita, Atish Kizhakeyil, Ryan Sun, Priya Lakra, Usama Hussein, Jennifer A Foltz, Ashley Wilson, Evelyn Schmidt, Imran Nizamuddin, Tommy Dinh, Akhil Kesaraju, Mark P Hamilton, Carl Allen, Maher K Gandhi, Joshua Tobin, Aixiang Jiang, Laura Hilton, David W Scott, Francisco Vega, Christopher R Flowers, Jason R Westin, Obi L Griffith, Todd A Fehniger, Malachi Griffith, Michael R Green

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Large B cell lymphomas (LBCL) are clinically and biologically heterogeneous lymphoid malignancies with complex microenvironments that are central to disease etiology. Here we have employed single-nucleus multiome profiling of 232 tumor and control biopsies to characterize diverse cell types and subsets that are present in LBCL tumors, effectively capturing the lymphoid, myeloid, and non-hematopoietic cell compartments. Cell subsets co-occurred in stereotypical Lymphoma Microenvironment Archetype Profiles (LymphoMAPs) defined by; (i) a sparsity of T cells and high frequencies of cancer-associated fibroblasts and tumor-associated macrophages [FMAC]; (ii) lymph node architectural cell types with naïve and memory T cells [LN]; or (iii) activated …

Integrating Belowground Recovery Into Tropical Forest Restoration Design And Monitoring, Lauren Toro, Leland K. Werden, Shalom D. Addo-Danso, Kelly M. Andersen, Sarah Batterman, Matilde M. Bragadini, Pooja Choksi, Rebecca J. Cole, Liza S. Comita, Daniela Cusack, Daisy H. Dent, Lee H. Dietterich, Joshua B. Fisher, Katrin Fleischer, Lucia Fuchslueger, Nohemi Huanca-Nunez, Janey R. Lienau, Lindsay A. Mcculloch, Ember M. Morrissey, Jennifer S. Powers, Mareli Sánchez-Juliá, Oscar Valverde-Barrantes, Anita Weissflog, Michelle Y. Wong

Biology, Chemistry, and Environmental Sciences Faculty Articles and Research

There is growing recognition that tropical forest restoration is key for sequestering carbon and enhancing ecosystem resilience. Soils, roots, and soil biota are central to ecosystem function and services, but belowground recovery is largely overlooked in restoration monitoring frameworks. Here, we outline current understanding of the links between above- and belowground recovery in tropical forests by examining how belowground properties before and after intervention influence recovery; by evaluating whether aboveground recovery can serve as a proxy for belowground dynamics; and by proposing a blueprint for monitoring dynamic soil physical (bulk density, aggregate stability), chemical (organic matter or carbon, pH), and …

Navigating The Employability Landscape: Unanswered Questions For International Students In Southeast Asia, Hengzhi Hu

Higher Learning Research Communications

As Southeast Asia becomes an increasingly popular destination for international students, important questions arise concerning the employability of graduates from this region. This comment article advocates for a comprehensive examination of how effectively Southeast Asian universities equip their international students to navigate both global and home country labor markets. Additionally, this article calls for a critical rethinking of the global recognition and value of qualifications obtained from Southeast Asian higher education providers, which often face challenges in being perceived as on par with those from more established educational hubs and underscores the necessity for comparative research to assess how the …

Ghost Highway: De-Touring Albuquerque's Route 66, Madison A. Garay

Art & Art History ETDs

Route 66 was a U.S. Numbered Highway stretching from Chicago, IL to Santa Monica, CA, rising to fame through music and popular culture. In Albuquerque, New Mexico, Route 66 has a troublesome twin life as Central Avenue, a highly politicized space where bodies are contested. In this thesis, the function of public arts and architecture of Albuquerque’s main street thoroughfare, Central Avenue, will be analyzed as visual devices of U.S. Highway 66, or known in popular culture as “Route 66.” I employ a critical Derridean framework through Mark Fisher’s theorization of hauntology and Gerald Vizenor (White Earth Ojibwe)’s theory of …

Differential Roles Of Cyclin–Cdk1 Complexes In Cell Migration And Invasion, Joseph H.R. Hetmanski, Michael J. Jones, Matthew Hartshorn, Patrick T. Caswell, Matthew C. Jones

Peninsula Medical School

We have previously described a central role for CDK1 at the nexus of adhesion signalling and cell cycle progression, demonstrating that CDK1 has a non-canonical role in regulating integrin adhesion complexes and in the migration of cancer cells in 3D interstitial matrix. Here, we show that the CDK1-binding partners cyclinB1 and cyclinA2 also have roles in cell migration and invasion in both cancer and non-transformed cells. CyclinB1 plays a key role in RhoA activation to promote rear retraction in a membrane tension-dependent manner, whereas cyclinA2 has a general role in promoting motility. Knockdown of either cyclin significantly perturbs migration with …

Appreciating Dissonance: Using Open Appreciative Inquiry As A Tool To Generate Cultural Change, Charles Dorr, Sheena Asthana, Julian Elston, Felix Gradinger, Daniel Preece, David Schwartz, Gemma Scott, Gary Wallace, Ruth Harrell

More Faculty of Health Research

Appreciative inquiry has become increasingly popular as a method for facilitating organisational or systemic change through focusing on the positive aspects and ‘life giving properties of a system’ as opposed to traditional ‘deficit-based’ approaches. However, there has been criticism that this process could invalidate negative experiences of organisations and/or systems. This is particularly problematic if an existing system is seen by its users as providing little value or if there is potential dissonance regarding system value among key stakeholders. Using two case studies of open appreciative inquiry by Plymouth City Council staff, this article outlines how the use of a …

Boricua En La Luna: An Ethnographic Case Study On The Spatializations Of Puerto Ricans In New Mexico, Neritza Díaz Cruz

Language, Literacy, and Sociocultural Studies ETDs

This ethnographic case study investigates the spatializations of Puerto Ricans in New Mexico, a state where the community is small, dispersed, and often invisible. The purpose of this study is to examine how Puerto Rican identity is shaped, expressed, and contested across New Mexican spaces. Drawing from critical spatial theory, this study investigates how broader structures such as language ideologies become spatialized in the everyday lives of five Puerto Rican adults living in the Albuquerque area. Data was gathered through interviews, observations, and participatory mapping. Thematic analysis was used to interpret the data with a focus on how lived, perceived, …

The Light Of Learning: Medieval Scholar-Kings And Loremasters In The Line Of Eärendil, Kristine Larsen

Journal of Tolkien Research

This conference paper summarizes the importance of Númenórean lore-masters in the "Mannish affair" conceit of the post-LOTR cosmologies before investigating the prevalence of loremasters among the first five kings of Númenor. Parallels are drawn with real-world Medieval scholar-kings.

Impact Of Primary Care Healthcare Providers Patient Electronic Medical Records Completion Rates Using Speech Recognition Dictation, Pepper Losely

Student Scholarly Projects

Practice Problem: Completion of electronic medical records (EMRs) is an ongoing problem for providers, facilities, and insurance reimbursement. Current completion of EMRs lack standardized processes to make EMRs completion easier for providers with their busy workday and allow optimal time for patient care.

PICOT: For healthcare providers at primary clinics (P) will implementing speech recognition dictation (SRD) for data entry into the electronic medical records (EMRs) (I) compared to the current practice of manually typing all data causing long medical record turnaround times (c) improve medical record completion within 30 days (O) over 10-weeks (T).

Evidence: Evidence that was …

Navigating Uncertainty In Doctoral Education, Megan K. Mitchell, Audra Skukauskaitė, Lakelyn E. Taylor, Kathryn Babb, Nicole Narkiewicz, Joseph E. Lloyd

The Qualitative Report

The shift to more virtual learning during and since the COVID-19 pandemic has disrupted in-person doctoral education by limiting opportunities for face-to-face academic socialization, networking, and collaborative learning, prompting questions about how graduate students could sustain their scholarly development through online spaces. This study examines how graduate students who joined the Qualitative Research Club, a virtual interdisciplinary student organization, co-constructed a shared academic culture, or languaculture, through their interactions. Using an Interactional Ethnographic approach, we analyzed video and audio recordings, meeting artifacts, and discourse from club meetings to trace members' participation, identity development, co-construction of knowledge, and development of …

From Life-Vests To Catalysts: Collaboration As The Key To Becoming Researchers, Ingunn Skjesol Ph.D., Krisitn B. Ørjasæter Ph.D.

The Qualitative Report

Ph.D. students report that doctoral work is challenging, with tight deadlines and extensive individual demands. In our duoethnography we reflect on and interrogate how collaborating in a structured way supported the development of our research competence during our doctoral work. Our analysis draws on a range of data: emails, Outlook calendars, work notes, manuscripts with reviewing comments, audio recordings of workshops, memories and research diaries. This article presents two concepts: (1) the phasing of doctoral work, showing our journey from life-vests to catalysts, and (2) a structured model for collaboration, built on shared engagement and mutual commitment. Further it argues …

Honoring Queer Womxn Of Color’S Wisdom, Healing And Joy, Sydney M. Herring-Alderete, Miranda E. Gutierrez Acosta, Sarah M. Bryant, Michelle A. Pollok, Grace Schroeder, Kevlyn M. Holmes, Jessi H. Pham, Lauren Bulalacao, Suzanne Lopez, Moises Franco, Nat Betancourt Arellano, Lauryn Jarvis, Ana G. Reyes

The Qualitative Report

Too frequently, traditional research centers the wounded-subject position (Brown, 1995), which reduces minoritized individuals to their experiences of discrimination, perpetuating deficit-based narratives, oppression, and existing power dynamics. To counter traditional research frameworks and deficit-based narratives, we used photovoice methodology (Wang & Burris, 1997) to honor and celebrate the healing experiences of nine queer womxn of color (QWoC). The photovoice project explored the healing experiences of QWoC inside and outside counseling and lead to the curation of a photovoice exhibit to share their stories of resilience and power. This article outlines our approach to organizing a photovoice exhibit and our experiences …

Digital Technology Usage In Tajikistan, Siyovush Bobokhonov Dr., Pedro Quelhas Brito Dr., Umesh Ramchandra Raut Dr., Prafulla Arjun Pawar Dr.

The Qualitative Report

The rapid development of digital technologies is significantly changing how people live, and these changes have a particular impact on the younger generation in Tajikistan. Our study therefore aims to analyze the factors influencing young Tajiks' opinions as users of digital technology and to examine digital technology usage in Tajikistan. We conducted a qualitative analysis of the opinions of young Tajik individuals aged 18 to 30 and found that they generally consider digital technology to be an integral part of their daily lives. Data collection was carried out through focus group discussions (FGDs) and the data analysis was performed using …

Alaska’S Type M Teacher Workforce: An Overview, Noah Burke, Dayna Jean Defeo, Douglas Cost, Matthew Berman, Olga Skinner

CAEPR Reports

This policy brief gives an overview of Alaska’s Type M teacher workforce with information about the demographics, teaching assignments, and retention rates of Type M teachers. The paper discusses the state policies around teacher certification, and considers the implications and limitations of the Type M certificate in the context of teacher retention and representation.

Qder: Query-Specific Document And Entity Representations For Multi-Vector Document Re-Ranking, Shubham Chatterjee, Jeff Dalton

Computer Science Faculty Research & Creative Works

Neural IR has advanced through two distinct paths: entity-oriented approaches leveraging knowledge graphs and multi-vector models capturing fine-grained semantics. We introduce QDER, a neural re-ranking model that unifies these approaches by integrating knowledge graph semantics into a multi-vector model. QDER's key innovation lies in its modeling of query-document relationships: rather than computing similarity scores on aggregated embeddings, we maintain individual token and entity representations throughout the ranking process, performing aggregation only at the final scoring stage-an approach we call "late aggregation." We first transform these fine-grained representations through learned attention patterns, then apply carefully chosen mathematical operations for precise matches. …

Mbiochemical Identification And Clinical Description Of Edetomidine Exposure In People Who Use Fentanyl In Philadelphia, Pa, Phil Durney, Jennifer L. Kahoud, Tareva Warrick-Stone, Maeve Montesi, Meg Carter, Sabrina Butt, Alberto Martinez Mencia, Louisa Omoregie, Monali Shah, Mariah Bloomfield, Nicholas Tomasko, Rebecca C. Jaffe, Allison Herens, Warren R. Korn, Karen Alexander, Douglas F. Stickle, Dennis Goodstein, Lara Weinstein, Kory S. London

Department of Emergency Medicine Faculty Papers

Medetomidine, a veterinary α2-adrenergic agonist, has recently emerged as an adulterant in the non-medical opioid supply, yet human exposure has remained poorly characterized. We conducted a pragmatic retrospective cohort analysis utilizing chart review and liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) toxicology testing on available urine samples from patients presenting to two hospitals in Philadelphia, PA, who fit two clinical phenotypes, intoxication or withdrawal. Samples also underwent glucuronidase pre-treatment to assess impact on the yield of medetomidine and xylazine metabolite detection. Testing identified universal exposure to medetomidine (58/58 samples) via the 3-hydroxy-medetomidine (3-OH-M) metabolite, post glucuronidase treatment and variable xylazine exposure (40/58 …